WAR MEDALS & DECORATIONS. GKXKRAI. EI.IOTT'S MEDAL FOR GIBRALTAR, i?79-«2 (OBVERSE). S Y DOW WS-,^1 RllGTygy GENERAL ELIOTT'S MEDAL FOR GIBRALTAR, 1779-82 (REVERSE). MEDAL FOR CEYLON, 1795-6 (REVERSE). (OBVERSE!. DAVISON'S MEDAL FOR THE NILE, 1798 WAR MH AND DECORATI ISSUED TO THE BRITISH MILITARY AND NAVAL FORCES AND ALLIES FROM I588 TO 1910. BY D. HASTINGS IRWIN, • 3 FOURTH EDITION, ENLARGED AND CORRECTED. With Plates containing Facsimile Illustrations of Medals, Bars, and Crosses, and numerous Woodcuts. LONDON : L. UPCOTT GILL, BAZAAR BUILDINGS, DRURY LANE, W.C1 1910. PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. F late years collecting War Medals has become a very popular hobby in this country, and seems likely to rival in popularity the formation of collec- tions of coins. No doubt one reason for this is the very fine appearance presented by the medals when decked with their proper ribbons, and also the fact that almost every medal recalls some act of gallantry performed during the campaign for which it was issued. Hitherto the standard work on the subject has been Gibson's " British Military and Naval Medals," an excellent work, and one which contains much valuable information. It only, however, touches on medals down to 1877, since when many additions to our campaign medals have been made. Previous to this work, Carter's "Medals of the British Army" was the chief book on the subject, but it only treated on medals down to the China War, in 1860, and is more of a military history than a collector's vade-mecum. Since Mr. Gibson's book no comprehensive work has appeared on this subject of growing popularity, and the Author trusts that to those interested in the pursuit Preface to the First Edition. the present book will be of interest. Being written by one who has been for many years a collector of medals, the aim in view has been to embody, as far as possible, the information chiefly sought after by collectors — in fact, to make it essentially a book for collectors, by a collector. A special feature has been made of the lists of the combinations of bars of the various campaign medals, and it is hoped that what the book lacks from a literary point will be compensated for by its useful- ness as a collector's manual. The older medals become scarcer year by year, and so the difficulty of obtaining a perfect collection becomes greater. Another unfortunate fact is, that before interest in this subject was aroused many valu- able and unique medals had found their way to the melting-pot, a loss which, from a numismatical point, it is impossible to over-estimate. As instances of what collections can be made by perseverance and care, may be mentioned those of Colonel the Hon. H. F. Eaton, Colonel Murray, and Captain Whitaker, all of them containing some speci- mens which may be safely described as unique. The Author wishes to express his indebtedness to Colonel the Hon. H. F. Eaton, Colonel Murray, Lieut.-Colonel Whalley, Captain Greg, Captain Tancred, Captain Whitaker, R. Day, Jun., Esq., and J. Harris Gibson, Esq., for many hints and much valu- able information, without which this compilation would have been very much more difficult. D. HASTINGS IRWIN. BOWDON, January, 1890. PREFACE tffc TO THE SECOND EDITION. '3 EARLY nine years have elapsed since I brought out the First Edition of this book, and the favour with which it met from collectors, coupled with the fact that since then many new medals have been issued, and others have been brought to light, has to issue a Second Edition, much to date. prompted me enlarged and brought up That there is a growing interest in this most en- grossing subject is proved by the rapidly-increasing number of collectors, and also by the fact that within the last two years a monthly, and also a quarterly, magazine have been brought out specially treating of medal-collecting. I have endeavoured to make the descriptions as concise as possible, and for the sake of brevity have avoided all anecdotal matter. My thanks are due to Colonel Gaskell, Colonel Murray, Major Drake, and many other friends for descriptions of rare medals in their collections, and for much valuable information ; and I trust that my labours will prove useful to my brother-collectors. D. HASTINGS IRWIN. BOWDON, November, 1898. PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION HE last edition of my book, with a supplement, was published in 1904, and has been out of print for nearly three years, and I feel that the time has now arrived when a new and revised edition may be useful to my brother-collectors. I have, therefore, carefully revised the book, bring- ing it up to date; and have included all the medals issued since the last edition was printed. I have, as before, received much valuable assistance from collectors and others interested in the subject, and particularly from the Master, and T. Matthews, Esq., of the Royal Mint ; and Lieut.-Colonel D. N. Hailes, R. M.L.I., whose notes concerning the Navy General Service Medal have been invaluable to me. I trust that my labours may be of assistance to the increasing number of persons interested in this en- grossing hobby. D. HASTINGS IRWIN. THE WYELANDS, BUXTON, June, 1910. LIST OF PLATES. PLATE. MEDAL. FACING PAGE I. GIBRALTAR, CEYLON, NILE . . Frontispiece II. ARK-IN-FLOOD 4 III. RODRIGUES, EGYPT, JAVA, NEPAUL ... 8 IV. CARIBWAR 28 V. PENINSULA 42 VI. PENINSULA GOLD CROSS 44 VII. WATERLOO, CHINA, JELLALABAD, AFGHAN- ISTAN 48 VIII. PUNJAB, SUTLEJ. NAVY GENERAL SERVICE. ARMY GENERAL SERVICE 60 IX. INDIAN GENERAL SERVICE. EAST INDIA COMPANY'S GENERAL SERVICE. CRIMEA. BALTIC 72 X. MILITARY GENERAL SERVICE 74 XI. CRIMEA, INDIAN MUTINY, NEW ZEALAND . 92 XII. ASHANTEE, AFGHANISTAN, EGYPT, SOUDAN, N.W. CANADA 124 XIII. CENTRAL AFRICA 130 XIV. EAST AND WEST AFRICA 132 XV. MATABELELAND. HONG-KONG PLAGUE . . 136 XVI. VICTORIA CROSS. SOUTH AFRICA. NORTH- WEST CANADA. ARMY LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT 140 XVII. EGYPT. 2ND FOOT REGIMENTAL MEDAL . 202 XVIII. 48TH FOOT REGIMENTAL MEDAL. " GAL- LANTRY IN THE FIELD". 222 CONTENTS. BRITISH WAR MEDALS (GENERAL) . . ; i MEDALS AWARDED FOR MERITORIOUS SERVICE, &c. 186 REGIMENTAL MEDALS . . . ; . 226 MILITIA, YEOMANRY, AND VOLUNTEER MEDALS . 287 NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN MEDALS . . . 420 BRITISH ORDERS . . . . . . 430 FOREIGN ORDERS WORN BY BRITISH SOLDIERS . 445 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS . . . . ._ 466 LIFE-SAVING MEDALS . . . * ... 495, APPENDIX . . . . '. ... 503 INDEX .-21 FORMER TITLES. LINE BATTALIONS. Late Regiment. Present Title abbreviated. Late Regiment. Present Title abbreriated. ist Foot R. Scots 57th Foot .... ist Bn. Midd'x. R. 2nd • .... R. W. Surr. R. 2nd Bn. Northn. R. 3rd ,, .... E. Kent R. 59th ,, .... 2nd Bn. E. Lan! R! Jth ,, .... R. Lane. R. 6oth „ .... K. R. Rif. C. 5th ,, .... Northd. Fus. 6ist ,, 2nd Bn. Glouc. R. 6th ,, ..-- R. War. R. 6and ,, ist Bn. Wilts R. 7th , .... R. Fus. &3rd , , ist Bn. Manch. R. 8th , .... L'pool R. 64th ,, .... ist Bn. N. Staff. R. gth , . .. Norf. R. 65th ,, .... ist Bn. York, and loth , . .. Line. R. Lane. R. nth , . .. Devon R. 66th „ .... 2nd Bn. R. Berks R. i2th ,, . .. Suff. R. 67th ,, .... 2nd Bn. Hamps. R. i3th ,, . .. Som. L. I. 68th ,, .... ist Bn. Durh. L. I. i4th , .... W. York. R. 6gth ,, .... 2nd Bn. Welsh R. jqill ,9 i5th ,, .... i6th ,, .... E. York. R. Bedf. R. 7oth ,, .... 7ist ,, .... and Bn. E. Surr. R. ist Bn. High. L. I. i7th ,, Leic. R. 72nd ,, ist Bn. Sea. Highrs. i8th ,, .... R. Ir. R. 73rd ,, .... 2nd Bn. R. Highrs. igth , .... York. R. 74th , , .... 2nd Bn. High. L. I. 20th , Lan. Fus. 75th „ .... ist Bn. Gord. Highrs. 2ISt , R. Sc. Fus. 76th ,, .... 2nd Bn. W. Rid. R. 22nd , Ches. R. 77th ,, 2nd Bn. Midd'x. R. 23rd , R. W. Fus. 78th " .... 2nd Bn. Sea. Highrs. 24th . , . . S. Wales Bord. i stBn.Camn. Highrs. 25th ,, ... K. O. Sco. Bord. 8oth ,, 2nd Bn. S. Staff. R. 26th ,, ... ist Bn. Sco. Rif. 8ist ,, .... 2nd Bn. N. Lan. R. 27th ,, ... ist Bn. R. Innis. Fus. 82nd ,, .... 2nd Bn. S. Lan. R. 28th ,, ist Bn. Glouc. R. 83rd „ .... ist Bn. R. Ir. Rif. agth ,, ist Bn. Wore. R. 84th ,, .... and Bn. York, and 30th ,, .... ist Bn. E. Lan. R. Lane. R. 3ist ,, ist Bn. E. Surr. R. 8sth ,, 2nd Bn. Shrops. L. I. 32nd ,, ist Bn. D. of Corn. 86th , 2nd Bn. R. Ir. Rif. L. I. 87th , ist Bn. R. Ir. Fus. 33rd ,, ist Bn. W. Rid. R. 88th , . . . . ist Bn. Conn. Rang. 34th ,, .... ist Bn. Bord. R. 8gth ,, .... 2nd Bn. R. Ir. Fus. 35th ,, . . ist Bn. R. Suss. R. goth ,, and Bn. Sco. Rif. 36th , 2nd Bn. Wore. R. gist ,, ist Bn. Arg. and 37th , ist Bn. Hamps. R. Suth'd. Highrs. 38th , ist Bn. S. Staff. R. Q2nd ,, 2nd Bn. Gord. Highrs. 39th , ist Bn. Dorset. R. 93rd ,, .... 2nd Bn. Arg. and 40th , ist Bn. S. Lan. R. Suth'd. Highrs. 4ist , .... ist Bn. Welsh R. 94th ,, ... 2nd Bn. Conn. Rang. 42nd ,, ist Bn. R. Highrs. 95th ,, 2nd Bn. Derby. R. 43rd ,, ist Bn. Oxf. L. I. g6th ,, ... 2nd Bn. Manch. R. 44th ,, .... ist Bn. Essex R. 97th ,, .,. 2nd Bn.R.W. KentR. 45th ,, .... ist Bn. Derby. R. g8th „ ... and Bn. N. Staff. R. 46th ,, .... 2nd Bn. D. of Corn. 99th ,, ... and Bn. Wilts R. L. I. looth ,, ... ist Bn. Leins. R. 47th ,, .... ist Bn. N. Lan. R. lOISt ,, ist Bn. R. Muns. Fus. 48th „ ... ist Bn. Northn. R. 102nd ,, ist Bn. R. Dub. Fus. 49th , ist Bn. R. Berks R. i03rd ,, ... 2nd Bn. R. Dub. Fus. 50th ,, .... istBn.R. W. KentR. I04th ,, ... and Bn.R.Muns. Fus. 52nd ,', ... ist Bn. York. L. I. 2nd Bn. Oxf. L. I. losth , .... io6th , .... and Bn. York. L. I. and Bn. Durh. L. I. 53rd ,, ... ist Bn. Shrops. L. I. and Bn. R. Suss. R. 54th ,, .... and Bn. Dorset. R. io8th , ... 2nd Bn. R. Innis. Fus. 55th ,, lith 2nd Bn. Bord. R. and Bn. Essex R. logth , ... Rifle Brigade and Bn. Leins. R. Rif. Brig. BRITISH WAR MEDALS AND DECORATIONS. CORRECTION. Page 134, line 9: for "1895-6" read A similar medal, inscribed "Mwcle 1895-6? was granted to certain Consular and Civil officers, and to Indian and other native troops, and naval contingents from H.M.S. "Thrush" and " Widgeon" who were employed subsequently until the end of May, 1896, in suppressing the Mazrui rebellion and bringing the campaign to a close. ui ucatuwuig rewards for military services may be said to date from the early part of the last century, although many medals exist dating from the time of Queen Elizabeth and James I. It is, however, doubt- ful whether they were intended to be worn as decora- tions in the same way as modern medals are; and, in any case, there is no reason to believe that the issue was general. They were, most likely, only given in individual cases, and not indiscriminately to the rank and file. Judging by their size and B FORMER TITLES. LINE BATTALIONS. Late Present Regiment. Title abbreviated. Late Present Regiment. Title abbreriated. ist Fc 2nd 3rd 4th 6th ££ 9th ot ... R. Scots ... R. W. Surr. R. ... E. Kent R. ... R. Lane. R. . .. Northd. Fus. ... R. War. R. ... R. Fus. . .. L'pool R. . . . Norf. R. 57th Fc 58th 6ist 6and 64th 65th ot . .. :st Bn. Midd'x. R. .. 2nd Bn. Northn. R. .. 2nd Bn. E. Lan. R. .. K. R. Rif. C. .. 2nd Bn. Glouc. R. .. ist Bn. Wilts R. .. ist Bn. Manch. R. .. ist Bn. N. Staff. R. .. ist Bn. York, and T.anr- P yyill — —, — ist tJn. Hamps. K. 38th ,, ist Bn. S. Staff. R. 39th ,, .... ist Bn. Dorset. R. 40th ,, ist Bn. S. Lan. R. 4ist ,, .... ist Bn. Welsh R. 42nd ,, ist Bn. R. Highrs. 43rd ,, ist Bn. Oxf. L. I. 44th ,, ist Bn. Essex R. 45th ,, ist Bn. Derby. R. 46th ,, .... 2nd Bn. D. of Corn. L.I. 47th ,, ist Bn. N. Lan. R. 48th ,, ... ist Bn. Northn. R. 49th ,, ist Bn. R. Berks R. 50th ,, .... ist Bn.R.W. Kent R. 5ist ,, ist Bn. York. L. I. 52nd ,, 2nd Bn. Oxf. L. I. 53rd ,, ist Bn. Shropt. L. I. 54th ,, 2nd Bn. Dorset. R. 55th ,, 2nd Bn. Bord. R. 5&th ,, and Bn. Essex R. 92nd ,, ... 93rd ,, ... 94th 95th 96th 97th ., 98th 99th looth .. lOISt 102 nd losrd I04th •• io6th io8th logth Rifle B igade sutn'd. wighrs. 2nd Bn.Gord. Highrs. 2nd Bn. Arg. and Suth'd. Highrs. 2nd Bn. Conn. Rang. 2nd Bn. Derby. R. 2nd Bn. Manch. R. 2nd Bn.R.W. Kent R. 2nd Bn. N. Staff. R. 2nd Bn. Wilts R. ist Bn. Leins. R. ist Bn. R. Muns. Fus. ist Bn. R. Dub. Fus. 2nd Bn. R. Dub. Fus. 2nd Bn.R.Muns. Fus. 2nd Bn. York. L. I. 2nd Bn. Durh. L. I. 2nd Bn. R. Suss. R. 2nd Bn. R.Innis. Fus. 2nd Bn. Leins. R. Rif. Brig. BRITISH WAR MEDALS AND DECORATIONS. HE study of war medals given to the naval and military forces of this country is one of singular interest to anyone who admires the many noble deeds of our soldiers and sailors; and a complete collection forms a concise historical record of the growth and expansion of the British Empire. The prevailing custom of bestowing " campaign " medr^Kas rewards for military services may be said to date from the early part of the last century, although many medals exist dating from the time of Queen Elizabeth and James I. It is, however, doubt- ful whether they were intended to be worn as decora- tions in the same way as modern medals are ; and, in any case, there is no reason to believe that the issue was general. They were, most likely, only given in individual cases, and not indiscriminately to the rank and file. Judging by their size and BRITISH WAR MEDALS shape one can hardly come to any other con- clusion than that they were simply commemora- tive, and not intended to be worn as decorations. They were chiefly made of gold, and were, prob- ably, intended for officers in command, or others of high rank. Although a navy existed in this country from a very early period, and long before a standing army was thought of, the custom of granting rewards by medals only dates two reigns prior to that in which they were given to the army. As a rule, the earlier medals were worn suspended from the neck by a chain, and Sir H. Nicholas, in his "History of Medals," mentions that they were frequently worn in the hat. This may possibly account for the fact that in very few old pictures before 1800 are medals shown worn as at present. The medals issued for the Battle of Dunbar (1650) are the first of which there is a reliable record of their having been distributed to officers and men alike ; but they cannot be considered as " campaign " medals in the modern acceptation of the term. Thence we hear of none until the Waterloo Medal was issued, in 1817, with the exception of the Deccan and Mysore Medals issued (in 1784 and 1791-2 respectively) by the Honourable East India Company to their own troops and natives only. In former times medals were issued with a very sparing hand; in great contrast to the lavish distri- butions of the present day. The medals for the Peninsular War were only authorised in 1848; thus, only the surviving veterans received them, and many men passed through all the dangers of an arduous campaign, and died, without receiving even a medal for their services. AND DECORATIONS. It is recorded that when Napoleon I. surrendered on board H.M.S. " Bellerophon," he was received by a captain's detachment of Royal Marines. After acknowledging the salute, he minutely inspected the men, and having remarked that they were very fine, and well appointed, the ex-Emperor added: "Are there none amongst them who have seen service?*' Upon being told that nearly all of them had seen much service, he exclaimed: "What! and no marks of merit ? " The officer in command explained that it was not customary to confer medals, except upon officers of the highest rank ; to which the ex-Emperor replied : " Such is not the way to excite or cherish the military virtues." Long before medals were issued by the Govern- ment, the officers of many regiments conferred medals, at their own expense, on their men for long service, merit, bravery, good conduct, &c. These will be treated under the head of " Regimental Medals." All the medals which are known to the Author, either in public or private collections, are described. They are taken chronologically, and the various campaigns are traced from the earliest down to the present time. The first medal which comes within the range of this work is a naval award given in the reign of Ark-in- Queen Elizabeth, and known as the " Ark-in-Flood Medal." It is uncertain for what particular service this medal was granted. Some authorities say that it was Elizabeth. for services against the Spanish Armada ; whilst others aver that it was given generally to distinguished naval commanders, and was merely an honorary badge. As, however, it has a ring for suspension, it was evidently intended to be worn by the recipient. B 2 BRITISH WAR MEDALS The medal was struck in gold and also in silver, and was a large oval piece, 2in. by ifin. Upon the obverse is a portrait of the Queen, with the legend, Elizabeth D. G. Anglie F. et Hib. Reg., around the head. Reverse : An ark upon the flood, surrounded by the legend, Per undas sevas tranquilla. Two other medals were given by Queen Elizabeth, which are mentioned by Mr. Grueber as having been issued to commemorate the defeat of the Spanish Armada. The obverse has a bust of the Queen, in very high relief; facing, and crowned, holding the orb and sceptre. It is surrounded by the legend, Ditior in toto non alter circulus orbe. Reverse : A bay tree on an island with houses, uninjured by lightning, inscribed, Non ipsa pericula tangunt, with an ornamental border. It is a large silver oval medal, cast and chased, 2.3in. by 2.1 in. The other has a three-quarter bust of the Queen on the obverse, but without sceptre or orb, and on the reverse the letters E.R. are on the field; and no buildings are shown on the island. This medal is smaller than the other, 2in. by i.6in., and both have loops for suspension. A medal very similar to that first mentioned was james i. struck by King James I., and was most probably given for similar services. It is oval, i.gin. by i.6in., and struck in gold, silver, and bronze. Obverse : Head of the King; legend: Jacobus D. G. Mag. Brita Fr. et Hi. Rex. Reverse : The ark ; legend : Stet salvus in Vndis. All of these medals are very rare, and are extremely fine specimens of the earlier medallic art. Owing to the internal troubles of the country during Caries i. the following reign of Charles I., the navy, so far as numismatical lore is concerned, seems to have sunk out of sight : at least, no trace of naval awards of that PLATE II. AKK-IN-FLOOD MEDAL (REVERSE). ARK-IN-FLOOD MEDAL (OHVKRSK). AND DECORATIONS. period can be found. The army, however, was very actively employed, both during this reign and the period of the Commonwealth, and several interesting medals belong to this period. For distinguished service at the Battle of Edgehill (Sunday, October 23rd, 1642), a gold medal was weich awarded to Sir Robert Welch, Knt. He was an Irish officer of the Royalist cavalry commanded by Prince Rupert. Towards the close of the battle he recovered the Royal Standard, which had been captured by the Parliamentary forces. On the following morning, Mr. Welch was presented to the King by the Prince, who thereupon knighted him, as a mark of apprecia- tion of his gallant conduct. Subsequently, a royal warrant was issued, as follows : Charles Rex. Our will and pleasure is that you make a medal in gold for our trusty and well-beloved Sir Robert Welch, Knight, with our own figure and that of our dearest sonne Prince Charles ; and on the reverse thereof to insculp ye form of our Royal Banner used at the battail of Edge Hill, where he did us acceptable service, and received the dignity of knighthood from us; and to inscribe about it : Per Regale mandatum Caroli Regis Hoc assignatur Roberto Welch, Militi; and for so doing this shall be your sufficient warrant. Given at our court at Oxford this first day of June, 1643. To our trusty and well-beloved Thomas Rawlins, our graver of seals and medals. The medal was oval, like most of the earlier ones, i.7in. by i.sin., and on the obverse were the busts of the King and Prince Charles, with the inscription : Carolus Rex Magnae Britanniae, Franciae et Hiberniae, Carolus Princeps. On the reverse was the Royal Standard, with the legend as set forth in the royal warrant. King Charles I. authorised a badge for such BRITISH WAR MEDALS "Forlorn soldiers as might distinguish themselves in " forlorn Medals, hopes." It was an oval, silver medal, i.5in. by i.2in., having on the obverse the bust of King Charles, surrounded by Carolus D. G. Mag. Bri. Fr. et Hib. Rex. Reverse : The royal arms, surmounted by a crown, and encircled by a garter, on which is the motto : Honi soit qui mal y pense. Another silver medal was issued, having on the obverse the bust of King Charles I., and on the reverse the bust of Prince Charles. It was given to soldiers for military service, and was oval, i.yin. by i-3in. The royal warrant is dated May i8th, 1643, and was issued at Oxford. It states that the Badge is to be " worn on the breast of every man 'who shall be certified under the hands of their Com- mander s-in-C hie f to have done us faithful service in the Forlorn Hope." It was also ordered that the badges bear the " Royal Image, and that of our dearest son, Prince Charles." The next medal is the first of which any authentic cromweii. record exists that it was issued to officers and men alike. A few days after the news of the victory at Dunbar (September 3rd, 1650) reached London, the i65ao.' House of Commons voted that medals should be presented to all the troops of the Parliamentary forces who were engaged. The work was placed in the hands of Simon, the celebrated engraver. On the obverse is the bust of Cromwell, in armour, and in the background a charge of his invincible Ironsides is represented. Cromwell's characteristic modesty forbade his effigy appearing on the medal; but this was overruled. Above the head appears : The word at Dunbar, the Lord of Hosts, September ye $rd, 1650. On the reverse is a representation of AND DECORATIONS. the House of Commons assembled. That House " ordered that it be referred to the Committee of the Army to consider what medals may be prepared for officers and soldiers that were in this service in Scotland, and set the proportions and the values of them, and their number, and present the estimate of them to the House." It was voted that the officers and men " which did thi$ excellent service " should be presented with gold and silver medals. Simon, the engraver, whose name appears under the bust of Cromwell on the observe of the medal, was sent to consult with him as to the device for this medal, and the following letter (the original was in the possession of James Lamb, Esq., of Fairford, Gloucestershire, and subsequently of John Raymond Barker, Esq., of the same place) was sent by Cromwell to the Parliament : For ye Honble. the Committee for the Army, these. GENTL., — It was not a little wonder to me to see that you should send Mr. Symonds so great a journey about a business importinge so little as far as it relates to me, when, as if my poore opinion may not be rejected by you, I have to offer to that wch I thinke the most noble end, to witt, the commemoracon of that great mercie at Dunbar, and the gratuitie to the Army, wch might better be expressed upon the meddal by engraving as on one side the Parliament, wch I heare was intended, and will do singularly well ; so on the other side, an army with this inscription over the head of it, The Lord of Hosts, wch was or word that day. Wherefore if I may begg it as a favor from you, I most earnestly beseech you, if I may do it with out offence, that it may be soe; and if you think not fitt to have it as I offer, you may alter it as you see cause, only I doe thinke I may truely say it will be verie thankfully acknowledged by me if you will spare having my effigies in it. The gentleman's paynes and trouble hither have been verie great, and I shall make it my seconde suite unto you that you will please to conferr upon him that imploymt in yr service wch Nicholas Briott had before him ; indeed, the man is ingenious and worthie of encouragement. I may not presume much, but if at my request and for my sake he may obteyne this favor, I 8 BRITISH WAR MEDALS shall put it upon the accompt of my obligacons, wch are not a few, and I hope shall be found readie gratefully to acknowledge and to approve myself, Gentl., Yor most reall servant, O. CROMWELL. Edinburgh, 4th of Feb., 1650-1. The officers received small medals, in gold (lin. by .85in.); the men larger ones, in silver (i.35in. by i.i5in.). They were worn by chains suspended from the neck. A smaller medal was also struck, having a plain reverse, and bronze specimens of both medals are met with. Many medals were awarded during the Civil War to the commanders of the Royalist, and Parliamentary forces; but they appear to have been worn more as party badges of the different commanders than as rewards for military services. Mr. Grueber in his Catalogue of the English Medals *n ^e British Museum, mentions the following badges Badges. as having been given for military services about this period : I. — 1642. Obverse : Half-length figure of the Earl of Essex, in armour; above 5.X. Legend: Should hear both Houses of Parliament for true religion and subjects fredom stand. Inner legend : Pro Religione Lege Rege et Parliamento. Reverse : The two Houses of Parliament with King and Speaker. A small silver-gilt oval medal, cast and chased, with wreath-border and loop for suspension, (i.ysin. by i.45in.) II. — 1643. Obverse: Three-quarter bust, to the right, of Lord Fairfax, in armour. Reverse : The arms of Fairfax between palm and laurel- branches. An oval silver medal (i.yin. by i.5in.), cast and chased, with wreath-border and ring for suspension. III. — 1643. Obverse: Bust of Lord Fairfax, in armour and scarf. Reverse: As above. Oval (i.sin. by i.o5in.), silver, cast and chased, with ring for suspension. A IK III [DAL FOR RODRIGL'ES, ife'CQ ; EoL'RP.ON AND ISLE OF FRANCE, 1810 (OBVERSE). MEDAL FOR RODRIGUES, 1809 ; BOURBON ANI ISLE OF FRANCE, 1810 (REVERSE). MEDAL FOR EGYPT, 1801 (REVERSE). /Rl / ••< Mi DAL i OK FORT CORNELIS, JAVA, 1811 (OltVERSE). MEDAL FOR NEPAUL, 1816 (OBVERSE). AND DECORATIONS. IV. — 1643. Obverse: Half-length figure of Lord Kimbolton, Earl of Manchester, in armour. Legend : Pro Religione Lege Rege et Parliamento. Reverse: The two Houses of Parliament with King and Speaker. An oval medal, with wreath-border and ring for suspension. Silver, (i.yin. by i.45in.) V. — 1643. Obverse: Three-quarter bust, to the right, of Sir William Waller, in armour. Inner legend : The valiant commander Sir William Waller. Outer legend : Should hear both Houses of Parliament for true Religion and subjects fredom stand. Reverse: The two Houses of Parliament with King and Speaker. An oval silver medal, cast and chased, with loop for sus- pension. (i.35in. by i.osin.) VI. — 1644. Obverse: Three-quarter bust, to the left, of Sir Richard Brown, in armour. Legend : Non vir sed virtus. Reverse : The arms of Sir R. Brown. Legend : For King and Parliament, 1644. An oval silver medal, cast and chased, with wreath-border and ring for suspension. (i.35in. by i.iin.) VII. — 1645. Obverse: Bust, to the left, of Sir Thomas Fairfax, in armour. Legend : Tho. Fairfax Miles Milit. Parl. Dux. Gen. Reverse : Meruisti. Post hac Meliora. 1645. An oval silver-gilt medal (1.310. by i.iin.), cast and chased, with ring for suspension. Given for the Battle of Naseby, June I4th, 1645. VI IA. — A small variety of the above, but without legend on the obverse. The reverse the same as the foregoing. (iin.- by .8in.) VIII.— 1645. Obverse : Three-quarter bust, to the left, of Prince Rupert, in armour, and holding a field-marshal's baton. Reverse: Three shields, with supporters and crest. Above, R. P. An oval silver medal, cast and chased. (i.45in. by i.2in.) IX.— 1646. Obverse: Bust of General Sidney Poyntz, to left, wearing armour and scarf. Reverse: 1646. Siden Pointz. 10000 Equit. et ped. associat. Septent Dux sum ebor. gvber. A silver medal, cast and chased. (i.4in. diameter.) X.— 1643. Obverse: Three-quarter bust of the Earl of Man- chester, to left ; armour and scarf. Reverse: Arms of Montague on shield, surmounted by a coronet. (i.25in. by i.osin.) XI. — 1643. Obverse: Similar bust to the previous medal, but surrounded by two legends : Pro religione lege Rege et Par- 10 BRITISH WAR MEDALS liamento : Should hear both Houses of Parliament for true religion and subjects fredom stand. Reverse: Both Houses of Parliament, (i.yin. by 1.45111.) XII. — 1643. Obverse: Full-face bust of Lord Fairfax. Reverse: Arms of Fairfax. Legend: Ferd: lo. Fairfax: Genal. of the North, (i.iin. by .gin.) XIII. — 1642. Obverse: Earl of Essex, on horseback. Legend : Robertus comes Essex. Reverse: Arms of Essex, coronet, and motto. (i.Ssin. by i.6in.) XIV. — 1642. Obverse: Half-length figure of the Earl of Essex. Legend : The Sword of the Lord and of Gydeon. A hand and sword above. Reverse: The two Houses of Parliament. Legend : In the Multitude of Councillors there is peace, (i.sin. by i.2in.) XV. — Obverse : Bust of Robert Kyrle, to right, in armour. Reverse: The coat-of-arms of Kyrle, surmounted by a squire's helmet and crest (a hedgehog). An oval silver badge, cast and chased, with loop for suspension. (1.25111. by lin.) The navy again comes to the fore during the Pro- tectorate ; indeed, this may be looked upon as one of the finest periods of our naval supremacy. On July 3ist, 1650, one small English ship was surrounded and attacked by six Dutch frigates. The fight was maintained until the following afternoon, when the English commander succeeded in beating off his opponents, and proceeded to Yarmouth. Parliament at once voted a gold medal to be struck, and pre- sented to the commander, Captain Wyard. It is oval in form (i.6in. by i.35in.), and on the obverse are an anchor and cable, with two shields suspended from the stock, one of which bears St. George's cross, and the other the Irish harp. Above is the legend, Meruisti. Upon the reverse is a representation of the fight, with the following inscription : Service done against six ships, July ye xxxi. and August ye i., 1650. It was also given in silver to the other officers. AND DECORATIONS. 11 Another naval award was issued in gold and silver, with obverse similar to the preceding; but on the reverse, Parliament assembled in one house, with the Speaker. There is no record for what service it was awarded. It was smaller than the other, being •95in. long by ,85in. wide. The memorable action between Admiral Blake and the Dutch admiral, Van'Tromp, on July 3ist, 1653, was the decisive victory of the war. The Dutch fleet lost twenty-six ships, and 6000 men killed, wounded, and prisoners; while the English loss was only three ships, and 1300 men killed and wounded. The enemy eventually found safety in the Texel. On August 8th, Parliament passed a resolution that — Two gold chains to the value of ^300 apiece be made, and given to Generals Blake and Monk ; and that a chain to the value of ;£ioo be given to Vice-Admiral Penn, and one of the same value to Rear-Admiral Lawson. The four flag officers to have chains of ^40 apiece ; and that £2000 be expended in medals amongst the officers of the Fleet. The medals have on the obverse a representation of the battle, surrounded by a wide border of naval trophies. On the reverse is an anchor and cable, with three shields suspended from the stock, and charged with the crosses of St. George, St. Andrew, and the Irish harp. It is surrounded by a border similar to the other side, formed of the bow and stem of the enemy's flag-ship, with the Dutch flag, masts, guns, &c., and the shields of arms of the States. They were made of gold, and were oval, 2.2in. by 2in. Some of the junior officers received a smaller gold medal (i.6in. by i.4in.), the obverse consisting of the central part of the larger medal, but without the 12 BRITISH WAR MEDALS ornamental border, though some of them had a border of laurel-leaves. During the engagement the " Triumph," the flag- Triumph ship of Admiral Blake, was set on fire by the Dutch 1653 fire-ships. The crew were panic-stricken, and most of them jumped into the sea. A few, however, remained on the ship, and solely by their endeavours it was saved. Parliament was so pleased with their services, that it ordered medals to be distributed to the commander and the crew who remained on board. The reverse of these medals was similar to the large medal just described ; but the obverse bore a repre- sentation of the battle, with the legend above : For eminent service in saving y Triumph fired in fight iv. y. Dutch fleet in July, i6jj. The medals were made of silver, and were oval; i.6in. long by i.4in. wide. During the reign of Charles II. the Navy still con- charies ii. tinued to be actively employed against the Dutch ; and a number of medals were struck to commemorate victories, but there is no record of many of them having been worn as decorations. Two, however, are known to have been struck, one in gold, silver, and copper, and the other in silver only, as rewards for distinguished naval officers for their conduct in battle. The first is a small oval medal (i.6in. by i.5in.), with a bust of the King, in armour, on the obverse, sur- rounded by the legend : Carolus II. D. G. M. Br. Fr. et H. Rex. On the reverse is represented a man-of- war, with flag flying, charged with the monogram, C. R. Above is the inscription : Nos penes Imperium. The second medal is of larger size (2in. diameter), and has a laureated head of the King on the obverse, surrounded by the usual legend : Carolus secundus, D. G. Mag. Bri. Fran, et Hib. Rex. On AND DECORATIONS. 13 the reverse, the King appears standing on the sea- shore, attired as a Roman general, holding a baton in his hand, in an attitude of command. In the background is shown the British fleet after an en- gagement, with a wreck in the foreground. In the exergue is the inscription : Pro Talibus Ausis. This is generally looked upon as one of the finest medals of that period, so far as execution goes. During the reign of James II. we cannot trace any naval or military medals being granted, with thejamesii. exception of the following, which is described in the British Museum Catalogue as a naval award : Obverse: Bust of King James II. to the right, wearing a mantle. Legend : Jacobus II. Dei. Gra. Aug. Scot. Fra. et Hib. Rex. Reverse : A trophy of arms, above a globe; in the background a naval engagement. Legend : Genus Antiquum. A large silver medal, 2 Jin. diameter. In 1692, during the reign of William III. and Mary, an Act of Parliament was passed granting the dis- tribution of "Medals and other rewards for officers, marines, and seamen in their Majesties' service at sea, who shall be found to have done any signal or extra- ordinary service." This seems to be the first instance, in the records of the Navy, of medals intended for presentation to officers and men alike. The La Hogue Medal was the first instance of carrying the law into effect. It is stated in Lediard's LaHogue 14 Naval History," that on Queen Mary receiving the 1692. news of the victory (May igth, 1692), she sent ,£30,000 to Portsmouth, to be distributed amongst the seamen and soldiers, and ordered medals to be struck as tokens of honour for the officers. The gold medal which was presented to Admiral 14 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Russel and his companions has on the obverse the busts of King William and Queen Mary, and the inscription : Gul. et Mar. D. G. M. B. F. et H. Rex. et Regina; and in the exergue of the reverse, Pugn. Nav. int. Aug. et Fr. 21. May, 1692, under a repre- sentation of the battle, above which are the words, Nox nulla. secuta est. The medal was i.Q5in. diameter, and was also given in silver to officers of lower rank. Gold medals were given in Queen Anne's reign Queen for naval services. A letter dated Admiralty Office, ' March i3th, 1703, requests that a Bill might be signed on the Treasurer of the Navy for paying ^240 to Isaac Newton, Esq., Master of the Mint, for enabling him to provide two medals and two chains ; one for Henry Gilbert, the master, and the other for Elisha Dann, the boatswain of the " Torbay," in like manner as he had been directed to do for Benjamin Bryer, the gunner of the said ship, as a reward to them for their good service in extinguishing the fire on board the "Torbay," at Vigo (October n, 1702), when her Captain was blown overboard; the said bill to be paid out of money received by the Treasurer of the Navy for the tenths of Prizes, appointed by the late Act of Parliament for medals and other rewards for officers, marines, and seamen in Her Majesty's service. The Queen ordered gold medals to be struck and delivered to Rear-Admiral Dilkes and his officers for capturing several French vessels off Granville, in Normandy, in July, 1703. This medal, which was, amongst others, presented to Captain James mpriere Lampriere, has upon the obverse a bust of the Queen 1703! crowned, and the legend: " Anna Dei gratia Mag. Britan: Fra: et Hib : Regina." On the reverse, the arms of Lampriere and motto : True to my trust; and the inscription : Her Majesty's reward to Captain James Lampriere, for his zeal to her service, and his successful conducting ye Squadron commanded by AND DECORATIONS. 15 Rear-Admiral Dilkes, who destroyed a considerable number of ye Enemy's Merchant Ships, under convoy of j Men of War, on their own coast. (2.7510. diameter.) The arms on the reverse were in each case those of the recipient of the medal. In 1902, there was sold in London an interesting medal of this period. On the obverse was the bust of Queen Anne, in high/elief ; and on the reverse the following inscription : — " Her Majties reward to Robt. Taylor, Boy of ye ' Mary ' Galley for his Zeal and Courage at ye takeing of ye French Privateer ' Jacques La Blonde ' of Dunkirk." It was a circular silver medal, with a chased border. No trace can be found of any medals having been given for the victories of Blenheim, Ramillies, Ouden- arde, or Malplaquet — not even to the Duke of Marl- borough. George I.'s reign is also unmarked by any similar records; but a large silver medal of this period was George i. recently sold, having on the obverse the bust of the King; and on the reverse the inscription : — " Admiral Sir George Byng gave this medall to Sean. Willm Wright for his courage in saving the lives of two seamen from drowning during the action with the Spaniards off the Cape of Passaro ye jist day of July, 1718." In George II. 's reign a medal was given foroeorgeii. the Battle of Culloden, which was fought on cuiioden, April i6th, 1746. The adherents of the Young17 Pretender were utterly routed in this engagement. It was struck in gold, silver, and bronze, oval (i.75in. by i.45in.), with an ornamental border, having on the obverse a bust of the Duke of Cumberland to the right, with the word Cumberland above. On the 1 6 BRITISH WAR MEDALS reverse is a figure of Apollo, with a dragon transfixed by an arrow, at his feet. Above, the legend : Actum est ilicet periit; and in the exergue : Prcel. Colod. Ap. xvi. MDCCXLVL A loop is attached to the medal, through which a crimson ribbon with green border was worn. There is a fine specimen of this medal, in gold, in Lord Cheylesmore's splendid collection. It was given to Brigadier-General Fleming, who commanded the 36th Regiment at the battle. Very few specimens are known, and they were probably only given in gold to officers commanding regiments. There is, in the British Museum, a bronze medal for Culloden, which, as it has a pierced, ornamental loop for suspension, was evidently intended to be worn. On the obverse is the Duke of Cumberland, on horseback, a battle in the background. Above is the legend : Gul. Aug. Dux. Cum. Terror. Reb.; and in the exergue, 1746. The reverse is quite plain, and the medal is circular in shape. In June, 1742, Captain Callis, in the fire-ship caiiis " Duke," entered the French port of St. Tropez, and 1742! burnt five Spanish galleys that were anchored there. For this action Captain Callis was promoted, and a gold medal and chain were presented to him by the King. On the obverse, George II. is represented as a Roman general, with a medal and chain in his right hand, and a baton in his left; kneeling before him is Captain Callis, with the words Pro tahbus Ausis below. On the reverse is a representation of his exploit, and in the exergue the legend : Ob. v. Trirem. Hispan. a. s. Callis. combust, v. Julii MDCCXLII. It was 2. i in. diameter, and was also given in silver to the officers commanding the other ships engaged. AND DECORATIONS. 17 An Order of Council, dated December i6th, 1742, awarded to Lieutenant Green of the same vessel the sum of ^50, and a reward was established for lieutenants for similar actions in future. For the taking of Louisbourg, in Canada, July 27th, 1758, a medal i.7in. diameter was struck Louisbourg, in gold and silver, and presented to a few of the I75S officers who distinguishec>themselves. On the obverse is a globe inscribed, Canada, and below, .America, resting on a figure of France, who drops a fleur-de- lys. On either side of the globe, as supporters, are a grenadier and a sailor; above, a flying figure of Victory, and behind, the Union Jack; a scroll inscribed, Pariter in bella. Reverse : The bombard- ment of Louisbourg ; above, Louisbourg taken MDCCLVIII. One of the rarest of the medals given by the Honourable East India Company is that recom- George in. mended by Lord Clive to be distributed amongst the native officers of two native battalions, who succeeded in quelling a mutiny amongst the European troops Monghyr at Monghyr in June, 1766. It is a small silver i766m>' medal, ifin. in diameter, struck in a concave die. On the obverse is a figure of Minerva, seated and holding a spear, and leaning upon a shield on which is the head of Medusa; at her feet an owl, in the background three palm-trees. Reverse : Non nisi digno. MDCCLXVL, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A ring for suspension is added to the medal. On May ist, 1798, the Emperor Francis II. of Germany presented a gold medal and chain to eight vmicrs-en. /v f , r »• • • i ii Crouch*, officers of the i5th Light Dragoons, for distinguished 1794- conduct at the Battle of Villiers-en-Crouche', near Cambray, on April 24th, 1794. By the gallant con- c i8 BRITISH WAR MEDALS duct of the I5th the Emperor was saved being taken prisoner by the French. There were only two squadrons engaged, and they, in conjunction with a small body of German cavalry, drove back a body of about 10,000 French soldiers, inflicting a loss of 1200 killed and wounded, and capturing three guns. The following letter from the Adjutant-General of the Forces to Lord Dorchester, Colonel of the i5th Light Dragoons, dated May ist, 1798, gives the King's permission to the officers to wear the distinction conferred upon them : My Lord, — The Emperor of Germany having been pleased to present each of the officers of the i5th Rgt., under your Lord- ship's command, who distinguished themselves in so gallant a manner by their spirited attack upon the enemy, with a very inferior force, on the 24th April, 1794, near Cambray, a Gold Medal has been struck by his Imperial Majesty's orders, on the occasion, as a particular mark of the sense he entertained of the signal service thereby rendered to the Allied army; I have, therefore, the honour, by order of his Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief, to signify to your Lordship his Majesty's pleasure that the above-mentioned officers shall be permitted to wear the said medals constantly with their uniforms, as an honorary badge of their bravery in the field of action, and an in- ducement to all others to imitate, on every favourable occasion, their glorious example. I have, etc., WM. FAWCETT, Adjutant-General. The officers of the regiment who received the medal were: Major William Aylett; Captains Edward Pocklington and Edward Ryan ; Lieutenants Thos. Calcraft, William Keir, and Thos. Blount; Cornets Edward Butler and Robert Wilson. The text of the letter which accompanied the medals was as follows : Vienna, March 5, 1798. Sir, — The Emperor remembers with satisfaction the distin- guished proofs of valour that you, Sir, and seven other officers of the i5th Light Dragoons, manifested on the 24th April, 1794, AND DECORATIONS. 19 near Cambray. His Majesty regrets that the statutes of the Order of Maria Theresa, confirmed by constant custom, do not allow the Cross of the Order, strictly national, to be conferred on officers so worthy of being decorated with it; but wishing, at the same time, to give you and your honourable companions- in-arms a public mark of his particular esteem, his Majesty has ordered a medal to be struck to perpetuate the remem- brance of this brilliant action, and has commanded me to offer you, in his name, the only impressions which have been struck, except that which is placed in the Imperial cabinet at Vienna. In fulfilling the intention of his Imperial Majesty, I beg you to accept for yourself, Sir, and to distribute to the other officers who, in the important affair of the 24th April, 1794, fought under your command, these medals, which for that purpose I have delivered to Captain Ryan. I have the honour to add the assurances of the consideration with which I have the honour to be, Sir, &c. LE BARON THUGUT. To Lieut.-Col. Aylett. This display of heroism made a lasting impres- sion on the mind of the Emperor, for, later on, the following letter was received by Lieutenant-Colonel Aylett from Lord Minto, British Envoy at Vienna : Vienna, November ;th, 1800. < Sir,— I have received from his Excellency, Baron Thugut, eight crosses of the Order of Maria Theresa, which the Em- peror has been pleased to confer on yourself and seven other officers of the i5th Light Dragoons, who distinguished them- selves in a most gallant action near Villiers-en-Crouche, on the 24th April, 1794. His Imperial Majesty had already testified the high sense he entertained of the brilliant and important service which the Regiment performed on that occasion, by pre- senting the officers engaged with a medal struck for the purpose of commemorating that brilliant action, and affording to those who achieved it a lasting testimony of his approbation and gratitude. It was deemed worthy at the time of the Cross of Maria Theresa, but at that period a doubt existed whether this Order could be conferred on foreigners; that this difficulty being now removed, His Imperial Majesty avails himself with pleasure of the occasion to evince his high esteem for the Regi- ment, as well as his regard for the individuals, by investing with this order of merit gentlemen who have proved themselves so worthy to wear it. C 2 20 BRITISH WAR MEDALS In transmitting to you these crosses, to be distributed to the officers for whom they are destined, I cannot omit the oppor- tunity of expressing the satisfaction I have experienced from the share which my situation here .has afforded me in a transaction which, while it does honour to the liberality of His Imperial Majesty, and throws so much lustre on the corps and on those who are immediately concerned, reflects, at the same time, credit on the country to which they belong. I have, etc., MINTO. The King (George III.) gave the eight officers permission to accept the rank of Knight of the Imperial Order of Maria Theresa, and to wear the insignia of the Order; and the Regiment was authorised to bear the words Villiers-en-Crouche on its guidons. The medal weighs 4.350 oz., and is 2§in. in diameter, with a gold chain of the same weight for suspending it from the neck. On the obverse is a laureated head of the Emperor Francis II. of Germany, to the right. Above is the legend: Imp. Caes. Franciscus. II. P. F. AVG.; and on the reverse : Forti. Britanno. in. exercitu. Foed. ad. Cameracum xxiv. Apr. MDCCXCIV., two laurel- branches in the exergue. The Order of Maria Theresa is a Maltese cross order of of gold and white enamel. In the centre of the 0fTusiS? obverse are the Austrian colours — red and white— *' and the word Fortitudini. Reverse : A green, enamelled circle, and monogram, M. T. F. (Maria- Theresa-Francis). The Order is worn with a crimson ribbon with white centre. The medal, chain, and Order of Cornet Butler are now in Lord Cheylesmore's collection of medals, and were bought at the Greg sale in 1887. During the reign of George III. the nation was almost incessantly at war, the intervals of peace being AND DECORATIONS. 21 very few. The naval forces were, consequently, brought to a state of efficiency never before attained. Notwithstanding, it is a strange fact that during the first thirty years of this reign no medals were granted for naval services. In 1795 it was decided to institute a Naval Medal, and bestow it upon the admirals and captains of Lord Howe's fleet, as well as Upon those who might dis- tinguish themselves in the future. The first medal struck was for Lord Howe's decisive victory over the French off Ushant on June ist, 1794, generally known as " The glorious first of June." The French, under Vice-Admiral Joyeuse, were totally defeated, with a loss of seven ships. The King was anxious to visit the fleet on the earliest opportunity, but, as the medals were not ready for distribution, he presented massive gold chains to six officers for whom they were intended, and, when ready, the medals were subse- quently added. The flag-officers did not receive chains, but wore their medals with a white ribbon with dark blue edges, if in. wide, suspended from the neck. Chains were only issued with the first medal. The medals have on the obverse a figure of Victory standing upon the prow of an ancient galley, placing a wreath of laurel on the head of Britannia, who wears a helmet and stands on the galley; at her side a round shield, charged with the crosses of the Union banner, her right foot resting upon a helmet and her left hand holding a spear. On the reverse is a wreath of oak and laurel, surrounding the name and rank of the recipient, the event for which the medal was given, and the date, 22 BRITISH WAR MEDALS which are all engraved. They were 2 Jin. diameter, and were fitted in a gold frame, and glazed on both sides, a ring being provided for suspension. Admiral Lord Howe's medal was inscribed : Richard Earl Howe, admiral and Commander-in-chief on the i of June, 1/94. The French fleet defeated. The medal given to the captains was ijin. NGoid Diameter, but of exactly the same design, with the Medai, exception of the wreath on the reverse, which is omitted, and similarly framed and glazed. Instead of being worn from the neck, the medal was worn by a white and blue ribbon if in. wide between the third and fourth buttonholes of the uniform coats, sus- pended from a gold loop and ring. A gold buckle was worn on the ribbon. The medals were all gold, and were sent to the respective officers on November gth, 1796, accom- panied by the following letter : Sir, — The King having been pleased to order a certain number of gold medals to be struck in commemoration of the victory obtained by His Majesty's Fleet, under the command of Earl Howe, over that of the enemy, in the actions of the 2gth May and ist of June, 1794, I am commanded by His Majesty to present to you one of the medals above mentioned, and signify His Majesty's pleasure that you should wear it when in your uniform, in the manner described by the direction, which (together with the medal and ribband belonging to it) I have the honour to transmit to you. I am also commanded by His Majesty to acquaint you that had it been possible for all the officers, on whom His Majesty is pleased to confer this mark of approval, to attend personally in London, His Majesty would have been pleased to have presented the medal to each of them in person ; but that being, from various causes, at this time impossible, His Majesty, in order to obviate all further delay, has therefore been pleased to direct them to be forwarded in this manner. Allow me to express the great satisfaction I feel in being made the channel of communicating to you so distinguished a mark of His Majesty's approbation. I have the honour to be, etc., SPENCER. AND DECORATIONS. 23 The following is a list of the actions for which this medal was subsequently given : Battle of Ushant, June ist, 1794; six large, fifteen small medals. Battle of St. Vincent, February I4th, 1797; six large, fifteen small medals. Battle of Camperdown, October nth, 1797; two large, fourteen small medals. Battle of the Nile, August ist, 1798; one large, thirteen small medals. To Captain Hamilton, of the " Surprise," for the recapture of the " Hermione " frigate, October 25th, 1799; one small medal. Battle of Trafalgar, October 2ist, 1805; two large, twenty- five small medals. Action off Ferrol, November 4th, 1805 I f°ur small medals. Battle of St. Domingo, February 6th, 1806; three large, seven small medals. Capture of the Island of Curac.oa, January ist, 1807; four small medals. To Sir Michael Seymour, of the " Amethyst," for the capture of the "Thetis," November loth, 1808; one small medal. To Captain Steward, of the " Seahorse," for the capture of Badere Zaffere, July 6th, 1808 ; one small medal. To Captain Mounsey, of the " Bonne Citoyenne," for the capture of the " Furieuse," July 6th, 1809; one small medal. Action off Lissa, March i3th, 1811; four small medals. To Captain Cole, of the " Caroline," for the capture of the Island of Banda Neira, August 9th, 1810; one small medal. To Captain Talbot, of the " Victorious," for the capture of " Le Rivoli," February 22nd, 1812; one small medal. To Captain Broke, of the " Shannon," for the capture of the "Chesapeake," June ist, 1815; one small medal. To Captain Palmer, of the " Hebrus," for the capture of the " L'Etoile," March 27th, 1814; one small medal. To Captain Hope, of the " Endymion," for the capture of the "President," January 15th, 1815; one small medal. In all there were six large medals and chains given, fifteen large medals without chains, and 117 small medals. They were never given to an officer below the rank of post-captain, with two exceptions, namely, Lieut. Pinfold, " Ajax," and Lieut. Stock- ham, " Thunderer," who received the medals for 24 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Trafalgar, where they were acting captains, in the absence of their superior officers. In Captain Whitaker's collection there are two of these medals : 1. For Ushant : Sir Andrew Snape Douglas, Captain of H.M.S. "The Queen Charlotte/' on the ist June, MDCCXCIV. The French Fleet defeated. 2. For Trafalgar : Chas. Bullen, Esquire, Captain of H.M.S. "Britannia," on the 2ist October, MDCCCV. The combined Fleets of France and Spain defeated. Lord Nelson is the only instance of an officer re- ceiving two of these medals. He was awarded a large one for St. Vincent, and another for the Nile. On the conclusion of the war with France in 1815 it was decided to discontinue the issue of these gold medals, and in future to substitute the Order of the Bath. The officers who took part in the action of June Ist> *794> were presented with a special gold I794> badge. It was oval in form, ifin. by ||-in., and on the perforated centre was an anchor and twisted cable ("foul anchor"). Engraved on the obverse: Earl Howe, First of June; and on the reverse the name of the recipient. Captain Whitaker has the one presented to Rear-Admiral Bowyer in his collection. He lost a leg in this action, and for his services was created a Baronet and granted a pension of ,£1000 per annum. It is not certain by whom these decorations were given. They were issued to the commander-in-chief, admirals, and captains of ships. They are of various designs, some being circular, and have different inscriptions. That of Earl Howe, which was shown with his other decorations at the Naval Exhibition AND DECORATIONS. 25 in 1891, was engraved on the outside border, Rule Britannia. They all, however, carry the " foul anchor " in the centre. They were probably worn on the anniversary of the battle, and on festive occasions held to com- memorate the victory. In the Author's collection there was a gold anchor, enamelled blue and white on the obverse, with gold cable. The reverse was plain gold, and the crossbeam was engraved, Earl Hoive, ist June, 1794. For the Defence of Gibraltar, from 1779-1782, a medal was struck in silver, and was presented by the Gibraltar, English General Eliott to the Hanoverian Brigade, x/ which took part in the defence. It was ijin. in diameter, and upon the obverse is a view of Gibraltar, with the enemy's fleet in the foreground bombarding the fortress. Above is the legend : Per tot discrimina rerum; and below is the date, xiii. September, MDCCLXXXII. On the reverse are the officers' names, surrounded by a laurel-wreath — Reden, Lamotte, Sydoiv, Eliott. Above, Bruderschaft. This medal was not given to the English troops. Another medal was also struck, and although it is usually looked upon as being merely a commemora- tive medal, it was without doubt given by General Picton to officers present during the siege. It is a large silver medal, 2jin. diameter, and has on the obverse a bird's-eye view of Gibraltar and the adjacent coast. Above, on a scroll, Battering ships destroyed; below, on a raised field, September xiii. MDCCLXXXII. Reverse : By a zealous exertion of patience, perseverance, and intrepidity after con- tending with an unparalleled succession of dangers and difficulties in the defence of Gibraltar during a 26 BRITISH WAR MEDALS blockade and siege of almost four years, the garrison, under the auspices of George III., triumphed over the combined powers of France and Spain. Below, the British lion supporting a shield charged with the Arms of Gibraltar; in the exergue, Blockade com- menced June xxi. MDCCLXXIX: Siege terminated February ii. MDCCLXXXIIL, the whole sur- rounded by a wreath of oljve -branches. Many examples are met with, framed and glazed, and with a ring for suspension. Another decoration consists of a bronze badge, oval in shape, with loop. Obverse : A battleship in flames, Urens non lucens on a scroll above, XIII Sep. A. JE. C. MDCCLXXXII below. Reverse: Gib. Calp. obsessa Hisp. frustrata favente Deo et te duce G. AUG. Eliott praef, all engraved. In the year 1793 the i2th Light Dragoons were vecchi? Present at ^e attack on the Island of Corsica. Part !793- of the 1 2th landed and took part in the capture of Bastia; the remainder of the regiment proceeded to Italy, and was stationed at Civita Vecchia. As a mark of appreciation, Pope Pius VI. presented twelve officers with a gold medal, accompanied by the follow- ing letter : Vatican, May 3Oth, 1794^ The marked consideration which the Holy Father has always entertained, and never will cease to entertain, for the generous and illustrious English Nation, induces him not to neglect the opportunity of giving a proof of it, which is now afforded by the stay of a British Regiment at Civita Vecchia. As His Holiness cannot but applaud the regular and praise- worthy conduct of the Troops in question, he has determined to evince his entire satisfaction by presenting a gold medal to each of the Officers, including General Sir James Stewart, Bart., Colonel Erskine, though absent; and since these medals, twelve in number, are not at the present moment in readiness, nor can be provided before the departure of the Regiment from Civita Vecchia, the Holy Father will be careful that they shall AND DECORATIONS. 27 be sent, as soon as possible, to Sir John Cox Hippisley, who will be pleased to transmit them to the respective Officers, making them acquainted at the same time with the feelings by which His Holiness is animated, and with the lively desire which he entertains of manifesting on all occasions his unalter- able regard, whether it be towards the Nation in general, or towards every individual Englishman. In thus making known to Sir John Cox Hippisley, Member of the British Parliament, the disposition of the Supreme Pontiff, the Cardinal de Zelada, Secretary of State, begs leave to add an offer of his own services, and the assurance of his distinguished esteem. On the obverse of the medal is a bust of the Pope to the right; legend: Pius Sextus Pont. Max. a. X VII. On the reverse, a figure of Ceres seated, with a cornucopia, and the sources of three rivers below; above is the legend, Agro Pomptin Colonis Rest; and in the exergue is the date, MDCCXCI. It is i Jin. diameter, and was originally struck to com- memorate the Pope's restoration of the harbour of Civita Vecchia, and not specially as a reward for the officers of the i2th Light Dragoons. For the war against the Caribs, in the West Indian Island of St. Vincent, in 1773, a silver medal was issued, which was worn with a red ribbon. Upon the *7 obverse is an effigy of King George III., in armour, with the legend, Georgius HI., M.B. Rex., and upon the reverse Britannia is standing, offering an olive- branch to a conquered Carib ; above, Peace and Prosperity to St. Vincent's. The date, /7fj, is in the exergue, in Roman characters. The Author has come across one of these medals struck in pewter, with a copper rim, but has been unable to trace to whom it was given. He has also seen a cast copper medal, silvered, with a similar loop for suspension to that on the silver medal. It is possible that this was one of the medals issued to the 28 BRITISH WAR MEDALS rank and file. The silver medals were cast and chased, and all were 2.2m. diameter. For the subsequent war in 1795, in the same island, against the French and Caribs, a bronze medal was ' presented to the troops. The obverse bears a figure of Victory, holding a palm-branch and sword, and standing over a defeated Carib; above is the legend, St. Vincent's Black Corps. On the reverse, a black soldier holding - a musket ; above, Bold, Loyal, Obedient. This medal was only presented to native troops, and, like the foregoing, was a cast medal. It was ifin. diameter. In 1784 the troops of the Honourable East India DeCiC784' Company received a silver medal for good services during the war against Hyder Ali. It is commonly known as the " Deccan Medal." On the obverse Britannia is represented seated, and holding a wreath towards a distant fortress. The reverse has a long Persian inscription, which says: "Presented by the Calcutta Government in memory of good service and intrepid valour, A.D. 1784; Mahomedan era 1199. Like the coin, may it endure long in the world, and the exertions of those lion-hearted Englishmen of great name, victorious from Hindostan to the Deccan, become exalted." The medals were struck in two sizes, i Jin., and i-jVn. diameter, the larger of which was awarded to officers, the smaller being given to non-commissioned officers and sepoys only. A few of the larger were struck in gold, and given to subadars and higher officials. This medal, being milled on the edge, may easily be mistaken for a coin. This is the first instance of a general distribution of a medal by the Honourable East India Company to their native troops. PLATE IV. MKIML FOR CARIB WAR, 1795 (OBVERSE). MKDAL FOR CARIB WAR, 1795 (REVERSE). 'AND DECORATIONS. 29 The Indian Government distributed a silver medal to the Honourable East India Company's troops for Mysore, services in the war against Tippoo Sahib in 1791-2. x It was issued in two sizes, like the previous medal : the larger, if in. diameter, was for the officers; and the other, ijin. diameter, was given to the non- commissioned officers and soldiers. Gold medals were given to subadars* About 7000 medals were issued. Compared with many of the later medals it seems rough in design and workmanship. On the obverse, a sepoy in uniform holds in his right hand a Union Jack, and in his left the flag of Mysore, which is inverted, signifying defeat. His left foot rests on a broken cannon. In the back- ground is seen the fortress of Seringapatam. Reverse : For Services in Mysore, A.D. 1791-1792, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Around the outside is a Persian inscription, signifying the same, and also stating that the medal was given by the English Government. The number of cannon balls on the obverse varies, showing that more than one die existed. Some medals have five balls ; others have only two. Many reproductions of these medals exist. Some of the so-called specimens of the smaller medal are merely casts of the larger one reduced in diameter. They can be easily recognised, as the head of the figure on the obverse comes right up to the edge of the medal instead of there being a space between, and the chasing has not been done with sufficient care to remove the " sandmarks " close up to the raised portions. Both the above medals were worn suspended from a yellow silk cord, as were also the gold medals given to subadars. 30 BRITISH WAR MEDALS By an Order in Council by the Viceroy, at Fort ceyion, William, May I5th, 1807, a silver medal 2in. diameter was granted to the Bengal Native Artillery for services in Ceylon when captured from the Dutch. The obverse bears the legend : " For services on the Island of Ceylon, A.D. 1795-7796; " and the reverse states, in Persian, that " This medal was given by way of acknowledgment for services in Ceylon, in the year of the Hegira 1209-1210." Like the two previous medals, it was worn suspended from the neck by a yellow silk cord. Two gold, and 121 silver medals were struck. The Directors of the Honourable East India Company were usually presented with specimens in gold of each medal issued, but an exception seems to have been made in this case. This is the only war medal w-hich has been issued with an inscription only, on both sides. After the Battle of the Nile (August ist, 1798), Mr. Davison, Lord Nelson's Prize Agent, determined to issue a medal to every officer and man present. He ordered medals to be struck, at a cost of nearly ^"2000. Admirals and captains received the medal in gold, lieutenants and warrant officers in silver, petty officers in bronze-gilt, and seamen and marines in bronze. This is the first instance of medals given by a private individual being accepted and worn by the Services. They were issued without names; but many of the recipients had their names and those of their ships engraved, generally in the field. The medals were worn in a variety of ways, but were generally suspended from the neck by a blue ribbon. They were very highly prized by the recipients, and are often met with, carefully glazed and mounted in gold or silver frames. AND DECORATIONS. 31 The following ships took part in the battle : 1. Culloden. — Captain T. Troubridge; 74 guns, 590 men. 2. Theseus. — Captain R. VV. Miller; 74 guns, 590 men. 3. Alexander. — Captain A. J. Bell; 74 guns, 590 men. 4. Vanguard. — Rear-Admiral Sir H. Nelson, K.B. Captain E. Berry; 74 guns, 595 men. 5. Minotaur. — Captain T. Louis ; 74 guns, 640 men. 6. Leander. — Captain T. Thomson ; 50 guns, 433 men. 7. Swiftsure. — Captain D. Hollowell ; 74 guns, 590 men. 8. Audacious. — Captain D. Gtmld ; 74 guns, 590 men. 9. Defence. — Captain J. Peyton ; 74 guns, 590 men. 10. Zealous. — Captain S. Hood ; 74 guns, 590 men. 11. Orion. — Captain Sir J. Saumarez ; 74 guns, 590 men. 12. Goliath. — Captain T. Foley ; 74 guns, 590 men. 13. Majestic. — Captain G. Westcott ; 74 guns, 590 men. 14. Bellerophon. — Captain D. Darby; 74 guns, 590 men. 15. La Mutine (brig). — Captain T. Hardy. Upon the obverse of the medal is a figure of Peace standing upon a rock, holding in her right hand an olive-branch, and supporting in the left a shield with a bust of Lord Nelson, with the inscription, " Europe's hope and Britain's glory." Behind the figure is an anchor, with the sea in the background; above is the legend, " Rear Admiral Lord Nelson of the Nile." On the reverse is the British fleet in battle array, sailing into the Bay of Aboukir, the rising sun in the back- ground; above, the inscription, "Almighty God has blessed his Majesty's arms ; " in the exergue, ' Victory of the Nile, August i, 1798." Upon the edge of the medal is impressed, " From Alexander Davison, Esqre, St. James's Square. A tribute of regard." They were i.85in. diameter. At a sale of furniture at Mr. Davison's country house in Northumberland, a box containing about eighty of these medals in bronze was sold ; they were the remainder of the issue. It is a curious sign of the times that, with the exception of the Navy Gold 32 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Medal given to Admirals and Captains, no reward for the great victories of the Nile and Trafalgar was given to the officers and men by the Government, and that it was left to the generosity and patriotism of two civilians to commemorate them. What few survivors there were received as a tardy recognition the N.G.S. medal and bars wrhen issued in 1849, just fifty-one, and forty-four, years respectively after the battles which they commemorated! By a General Order dated Madras, July i8th, 1808, a medal was granted to the troops engaged in the 1799' storming and capture of Seringapatam. The siege lasted from April 4th to May 4th, 1799, on which day it was decided to carry the town by storm. The British were commanded by General Lord Harris; and Tippoo Sahib, who commanded the enemy, was killed towards the close of the action. The town was captured at noon on May 4th, and this is demonstrated on the medal by the sun in full splendour. It was given in gold to general officers, in silver-gilt to field officers, in silver to captains and subalterns, in bronze to non-commissioned officers and men of the British Army, and in tin to the sepoys engaged. Permission to wear the medal w-as given to the British Army by the Prince Regent on August 29th, 1815. The medal was issued without names or suspenders; these were generally added by the recipients, who wore the medal sus- pended from a dark orange ribbon, supposed to represent the colour of a tiger's skin, or with a red ribbon with blue edges, similar to that of the Peninsula gold medals and crosses. The original idea was- to have a universal ribbon for military medals, instead of a distinctive one for each campaign AND DECORATIONS. 33 as at present. The proceedings of the Madras Military Board, dated August Qth, 1831, mention this as the ribbon worn with this medal. Thirty gold, 185 silver-gilt, 850 silver, 5000 bronze, and 45,000 tin medals were issued. They were struck in 1801-2, at the Soho Mint in Birmingham, but were not distributed until 1808. On the obverse of the* medal, which is i.gin. in diameter, is the British lion trampling upon the Bengal tiger ; above is a banner, on which is Tippoo's title, " Asadullahal Ghalib, the conquering tiger of God," and below is the date, IV. May, MDCCXCIX. On the reverse, the army is shown advancing to storm the citadel; above is the sun in the meridian; in the exergue, a Persian inscription: " The God- given fortress of Seringapatam, 28th day of the month Zikadah 1213 of the Hegira." A magnificent gold specimen of this medal, given to General Braithwaite, is in the collection of Captain . Whitaker, late of the 5th Fusiliers. A similar medal was struck at the Calcutta Mint, and was given to the Bengal native troops in 1809, eighty-three gold, and 2786 silver medals only being issued. The die is somewhat different to the English medal, being i.Sin. diameter, and of much rougher workmanship, and the sun being omitted on the reverse. The medal is much thinner, with a rounded edge, and a loop was added for suspension. The following regiments were present at Seringa- patam : 22nd Light Dragoons; the ist, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Madras Cavalry; the i2th, 33rd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 7;th, and 94th Regiments; the Bombay Fusiliers; and the ist, 6th, 8th, nth, i3th, i6th, i gth, 2oth, 2 ist, 22nd, 23rd, and 24th Madras Infantry; Madras Engineers; detachments of the Bengal, 34 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Madras, and Bombay Artillery; Scotch Brigade; Regiment de Meuron; ist, 2nd, 3rd, and loth Bengal Native Infantry; the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th Bombay Native Infantry; and the Madras and Bombay Pioneer Corps. After the Mutiny at the More, a reward was pre- Lordst. sented by Admiral Earl St. Vincent to the petty Medai, officers and seamen of the flagship " Ville de Paris," as a token of their loyalty. It was a silver medal, i Jin. in diameter, and upon the obverse is a bust of the Earl, in uniform, surrounded by a laurel- wreath, and encircled by the legend: "Earl St. Vincent's testimony of approbation, 1800." The reverse bears figures of a sailor and a marine joining hands, within a wreath of oak ; in the background are the crosses of the Union Jack ; above, " Loyal and true," surmounted by a crown. This medal is frequently met with framed and glazed, like most early naval medals. It was issued without the recipient's name. The Honourable East India Company granted a Egypt, medal to their troops who took part in the campaign against the French in Egypt in 1801. General Sir Ralph Abercrombie, the commander of the British forces, fell mortally wounded at the Battle of Alex- andria, on March 2ist, 1801. Sixteen gold and 2199 silver medals were issued. Upon the obverse is a figure of a sepoy holding a Union Jack in his right hand; in the rear, a camp ; in the exergue, a Persian inscription : " This medal has been presented in commemoration of the defeat of the French armies in the Kingdom of Egypt, by the great bravery and ability of the victorious army of England." Reverse : A ship in full sail flying the Union Jack, with the Pyramids and an obelisk in the AND DECORATIONS. 35 background. The date, MDCCCL, is in the exergue, and the medal is i.gin. diameter. The dies are in the Calcutta Mint, and that of the reverse is cracked. The Turkish Sultan, Selim III., also ordered gold medals to be struck, and issued to all the officers, naval Turkish Gold and military, taking part in the campaign, and known Medal, as the Order of the Crescent. The obverse bears a 'crescent and star of eight points, surrounded by an ornamental border. The reverse has a similar border, surrounding the Sultan's cypher, with the date, 1801, below. It was struck in four sizes, the design being the same in all cases. Owing to a difference in the dies, these medals were struck with the crescent on different sides of the star, sometimes on the right and sometimes on the left side. The medal given to admirals and general officers was 21Ju-in. diameter, and weighed loz. 8dwt. 3gr. That given to field officers of the army and their equivalent rank in the navy was i^in. diameter, and weighed igdwt. 4gr. The third, given to captains in the army and their equivalent rank in the navy, was i-j^in. diameter, and weighed I2dwt. i8gr. ; and the smallest size was iTVn- diameter, and weighed 8dwt. i8gr. It was given to commissioned officers of both services below the rank of captain in the army and the corresponding naval rank. In some of the earlier issues the crescent and star are inlaid with rose-diamonds. Lord Cheylesmore has one of the largest size in his collection, with the crescent and star entirely composed of diamonds; and Captain Whitaker has one of the medium size with four diamonds at the vertical and horizontal points of D 2 BRITISH WAR MEDALS the star. Very few of these inlaid orders were given. They were no doubt special medals, and were replaced by the Order of the Crescent. The inlaid medal in Lord Cheylesmore's collection has a raised ornamental border, with plain reverse. Some of the larger medals were enamelled crimson in the centre. Silver medals, the same size as the smallest gold one, were given to the non-commissioned officers. The medal was worn with an orange ribbon, to which it was attached by means of a small gold chain and hook. The regiments taking part in this campaign were : The nth, i2th, and 26th Light Dragoons; the Coldstream and Scots Guards; the ist, 2nd, 8th, loth, i3th, i8th, 2oth, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 3oth, 4oth, 42nd, 44th, 50th, 54th, 58th, 6ist, 79th, 8oth, 86th, 88th, 89th, 9Oth, 92nd, and 96th Infantry; the 2nd and i3th Bombay Infantry; the Corsican Rangers; De Roll's and Dillon's Regiments; and Hompesch's Hussars. Mr. Boulton, of Soho Foundry, Birmingham, re- quested and obtained permission to present a medal, 8051 at his own expense, to every seaman who served on board the British fleet at the battle off Cape Trafalgar, on October 2ist, 1805. The medal was given in gold to admirals, silver to captains and first lieutenants, and pewter to junior officers and men, and was worn suspended from a dark blue ribbon. On the obverse is a bust of Lord Nelson, with the legend: "Horatio Viscount Nelson K.B. Duke of Bronte." The reverse bears a representation of the Battle of Trafalgar, which is surmounted by the legend: "England expects every man 'will do his duty "; in the exergue, " Trafalgar, Oct: 21. 1805." Around the edge is inscribed, " To the Heroes of AND DECORATIONS. 37 Trafalgar from M. Boulton." They were i.gin. diameter. Another medal for the same occasion is said to have been presented by Nelson's friend, Mr. A. Davison, to the officers and crew of H.M.S. Victory. It is of pewter, and generally is set in a gold or copper rim, with a loop and ring for suspension. The obverse has a bust of Lord Nelson; within a wreath of laurel; below, a coat of arms with a garter inscribed Tria juncta in uno ; and motto, Palmam qui meruit ferat. It also bears a double legend : Admiral Lord Nelson. D. of Bronte, natus Sep. 29. 175$. Horte devicto requievit Oct. 21. 1805. England expects every man will do his duty. The reverse has a man-of-war, with furled sails ; above, The Lord is a man of war, Exodus, c. 15. -D. j; below, Victory of Trafalgar, over the combined Fleets of France and Spain: Oct. 21. i#oj. It was evidently intended to be worn, and is of the same size as the foregoing. The following ships took part in the battle : 1. Victory. — Vice-Admiral Lord Nelson; Captain T. Hardy. 2. Royal Sovereign. — Vice-Admiral Collingwood ; Captain Rotherham. 3. Britannia. — Rear-Admiral Lord Northesk ; Captain C. Bullen. 4. Temeraire. — Captain E. Hervey. 5. Neptune. — Captain Freemantle. 6. Leviathan. — Captain Bayntun. 7. Conqueror. — Captain Pellew. 8. Agamemnon. — Captain Berry. 9. Africa. — Captain Digby. 10. Ajax. — Lieutenant Pinfold, n. Orion. — Captain Codrington. 12. Minotaur. — Captain Mansfield. 13. Spartiate. — Captain Sir F. Laforey. 14. Belleisle. — Captain Hargood. 15. Mars.— Captain Duff. 16. Bellerophon. — Captain J. Cooke. 38 BRITISH WAR MEDALS 17. Colossus. — Captain J. Morris. 18. L'Achille. — Captain Sir Richard King. 19. Dreadnought. — Captain J. Conn. 20. Polyphemus. — Captain Redmill. 21. Revenge. — Captain Moorsom. 22. Swiftsure. — Captain G. Rutherford. 23. Defiance. — Captain Durham. 24. Thunderer. — Lieutenant Stockham. 25. Defence. — Captain G. Hope. 26. Tonant. — Captain Tyler. 27. Prince. — Captain Grindhall. FRIGATES. 28. Phoebe.— Captain Hon. Bladen Capel. 29. Sirius. — Captain W. Prowse. 30. Euryalus. — Captain Hon. H. Blackwood. 31. Naiad. — Captain Dundas. 32. Entreprenant (cutter). — Captain R. B. Younge. 33. Pickle (schooner). — Captain Lapenotiere. Owing, no doubt, to the institution of the Navy Gold Medal, it was decided on February 22nd, 1808, to issue a gold medal in commemoration of the Battle of Maida, in Calabria, where the French were totally defeated, on July 4th, 1806. The issue was limited to the commander of the forces, officers in command of brigades and battalions, or to those who succeeded to the command, and also to the deputy quartermaster- general ; and the medal was worn from the buttonhole of the uniform, attached to a red ribbon with blue edges, i Jin. wide. A gold swivel and loop were pro- vided for suspension, and a gold buckle was worn on the ribbon. Only seventeen medals were issued; they were framed and glazed, and were ijin. diameter. No one below the rank of Lieutenant- Colonel received them. Upon the obverse is a laureated head of King George III., facing left, and below the legend, Georgius Tertius Rex. The reverse has a figure of Britannia, facing the left, holding a spear in her right AND DECORATIONS. 39 hand, at her left a shield with the crosses of the Union ; a flying figure of Victory is crowning her with a laurel-wreath. In the background is the ancient symbol of Sicily, similar to the three legs of Man. Below is the legend: Maida, ]UL. IV. MDCCCVL with two crossed spears in the exergue. By a General Order dated Fort William, September loth, 1811, a medal was awarded to the troops taking part in the actions of Rodrigues, July 6th, 1809 ; defeat Bourbon of the French in the Island of Bourbon, July 8th, of France, 1810; and capture of the Isle of France, December1 3rd, 1810. His Majesty's 69th and 86th Foot still bear " Bourbon " inscribed on their colours in com- memoration of the victory, in which they participated. The 6th and 24th Madras Infantry, and the 4th Bombay Infantry, also took part in the expedition. The medal, which is i.9in. diameter, has on the obverse a sepoy holding a Union Jack, and trampling upon a French Eagle. By his side is a field-gun, and in the background the British fleet lies at anchor. On the reverse is a Persian inscription, within a laurel- wreath : " This medal was conferred in commemora- tion of the bravery and accustomed fidelity exhibited by the Sepoys of the English Company in the Capture of the Mauritius Islands in the year of the Hegira 7226." Around the wreath is inscribed, " Rodrigues m. July. MDCCCIX; Bourbon viii. July: and Isle of France in. Dec: MDCCCX." Forty-five gold, and 2156 silver medals were issued. The die is still in the Calcutta Mint, and is badly cracked on the reverse. A medal was given by the Honourable East India Company to the native troops who assisted in the Java. 1811. capture of the Island of Java on August 8th, 1811. 40 BRITISH WAR MEDALS On the obverse is a representation of the attack on Fort Cornelis, which is being blown up; on a flag- staff the British flag is shown above the Dutch ; above, is the word Cornelis. The reverse has a Persian in- scription, stating that — " This medal was conferred in commemoration of the bravery and courage exhibited by the Sepoys of the English Company, in the Capture of the Kingdom of Java, in the year of the Hegira, 1228." Legend : Java conquered xxvi* August MDCCCXI. The medal is i.gin. diameter. One hundred and thirty-three gold, and 6519 silver medals were issued. The I4th, 59th, 69th, 78th, and 89th Foot still bear " Java " on their colours. This die is also in the Calcutta Mint, and is cracked on one side. When the Navy, and Military General Service Medals were issued in 1849, the British naval and military forces engaged received the medal and bar for "Java," and the officers eligible had previously received the gold medal given by King George III. There were consequently four different medals issued for this campaign. For services during the war in Nepaul in 1816, the , East India Company presented a silver medal to the 1816. * . . T . . . ,. native troops who took part in it. It is 2in. in dia- meter, and on the obverse troops are represented marching across a hilly country, the hills crowned with forts ; on the left, a field-piece. Reverse : Persian inscription, translated as follows : * This medal was granted by the Nawab Governor-General Bahadur, in testimony of the energy, good service, skill, and intrepidity which were displayed during the Campaigns in the Hills, in the years of Hegira: 1229-1230." No gold medals were issued. AND DECORATIONS. 41 Only native officers who served " within the hills," and such non-commissioned officers and men as had been recommended by their commanders "for zeal and distinguished gallantry," were given the medal. It is, therefore, one of the rarest of Indian medals, owing to the comparatively small number issued. Native troops who had not received this medal were given the " Army of India " medal and bar subse- quently issued. This medal was worn either with an orange- coloured ribbon, the same as that for the Seringapatam medal, or with a yellow silk cord. It was not con- ferred on European troops, whose services in Nepaul were recognised later on by the " Army of India " Medal. On September gth, 1810, the principle laid down for the Navy Gold Medal, namely, of giving a medal of uniform design, differing only in the name of the action on the reverse, was adopted when authorising the issue of a gold medal in commemoration peninsula of the victories in the Peninsula during the Medal, years 1808 and 1809. Two gold medals were l8 struck, and awarded to officers. The larger, for general officers, is 2 Jin. diameter, and has on the obverse Britannia, seated on a globe and wearing a helmet ; her right hand is extended and holds a wreath of laurel, and in her left is a palm-branch. On the right is the British lion, and on the left an oval shield charged with the crosses of the Union. The reverse bears the name of the event for which the medal was granted, within a laurel-wreath. They were mounted in gold rims and glazed on both sides, with a large ring for suspension, and the name and rank of the recipient were engraved on the rim. 42 BRITISH WAR MEDALS This medal was given exclusively to general officers, and was worn in full dress suspended from the neck by a crimson ribbon with blue edges, ifin. wide. Massive gold bars, 2in. long and fin. wide, with a laureated border, and with the name of the battle for which they were given in raised capital letters in the middle, were mounted on the ribbon for any addi- tional victories in which the recipient of the medal took part. When a bar, or bars, were added, the medal was attached to the neck-ribbon in the same way as the gold cross described on pp. 43 and 44. The smaller medal was if in. diameter, and in design was precisely the same as the former. It was given to field officers, and to those who succeeded to the actual command of a battalion during an engagement in consequence of the death or removal of the original commander. It was also given to officers command- ing artillery and engineers, adjutant- and quarter- master-generals, and the military secretaries. It was worn from the buttonhole of the uniform by a red ribbon with blue edges, ifin. wide, and a gold buckle was worn half-way up the ribbon. The medals were set in gold frames with the name and rank of the re- cipient engraved thereon, glazed on both sides, and were fitted with a gold loop and swivel for sus- pension. The small medal for " Barrosa " has the name on the reverse in raised letters ; on all the other medals they are engraved. The medals were eventually granted for the following engagements in the East Indies, North America, and the Peninsula : Roleia, Vimeira, Sahagun, Benevente, Corunna, Martinique, Talavera, Guadaloupe, Busaco, Barrosa, Fuentes d'Onor, Albuera, Java, Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Fort Detroit, Vittoria, PLATE V. OBVBRSK OK THE SMALL GOLD MEDAL TOR THE PENINSULA. AND DECORATIONS. 43 Pyrenees, St. Sebastian, Nivelle, Chrystler's Farm, Nive, Orthes, and Toulouse. The large medal does not seem to have been given for Chateauguay, but the smaller one' was given in a few instances. It was ordered on October yth, 1813, that one medal only should be worn by each officer, and that the number of added bars should be limited to two. As Cross one engagement was inscribed on the medal, this would be equivalent to three actions. Upon a claim to a fourth mark of distinction being admitted, a gold cross was awarded, in place of the medal and bars, with the names of the four battles inscribed thereon. Upon each similar occasion that occurred, subsequent to the grant of the cross, the bars were again issued to those entitled to them, and were worn on the ribbon from which the cross was suspended. The medals which would have been con- ferred upon those who had fallen, or who died before its institution, were forwarded to their relatives, as a token of respect for their memories. The cross is of Maltese shape, ijin. square, having in the centre in high relief a British lion statant; in each division of the cross is inscribed the name of a battle, the first one being in the top division ; they are surrounded by an edge of laurel-leaves with a double raised border. The central portions of the arms of the cross were fixed in the rim by means of small rivets. Both sides are alike, and it weighs loz. i6dwt. The cross is attached to the swivel by .a highly-orna- mented ring. The inscribed bars were not attached to the gold suspension bar, but were worn loose on the ribbon, which was ifin. wide, red with blue edges. When worn round the neck the ribbon was passed either through the gold ring on the cross, in which 44 BRITISH WAR MEDALS case the swivel and bar were not used; or by a large gold ring attached to a narrow plate worn above the top bar, should the wearer be entitled to one, or more. The top bar, and bar and swivel, were connected by a piece of the ribbon on which the engagement bar, or bars, were threaded. In all cases where bars were awarded the swivel and bar were used for attachment to the ribbon, whether the cross was worn round the neck by generals or attached to the uniform by the lower ranks. The name and regiment of the recipient were engraved on the edges of the cross. Of the larger and smaller medals, 469 were issued without bars, 143 with one bar, and 72 with two bars. Sixty-one gold crosses without bars were distributed, 46 with one bar, 18 with two bars, 17 with three, 8 with four, 7 with five, 3 with six, 2 with seven, and only i with nine bars, which belonged to the Duke of Wellington. This, with the four names inscribed on the cross, represented thirteen engagements. A Maltese cross, ifin. square, known as the Portucgruoessse " Portuguese Cross," was given by the King of Portugal to British officers who served on the Portu- guese staff during the Peninsular War. The obverse has a garter of blue enamel, upon which are the words Guerra Peninsular, surrounding the Arms of Portugal in gold. On the reverse is a Roman numeral (I-VI) within a wreath of laurel, and between the arms is a green, enamelled laurel-wreath. It was worn with a blue ribbon with red edges, and was given in gold for four or six campaigns, and in silver for one, two, or three. The numbers on the reverse signify the number of campaigns in which the recipient served. The Commanders' Cross was gold, 2 Jin. diameter, ATE VI. PKNINSL'I.A Goi.l) CROSS. AND DECORATIONS. 45 over the balls on the points, and consists of a star with Portuguese . , . 11- Cross of four, or more, arms with two points, enamelled white, command. and joined together by a gold wreath of laurel on an enamelled blue ground. On each of the arms is an oval, enamelled green, on which is inscribed the name of an action at which the recipient was present. In the centre is the head of the King, John VI. of Portugal, in gold, on a blye ground. The reverse is similar to the obverse, but in the centre are the re- cipient's initials, in gold on a white ground. The cross was worn with a broad crimson ribbon with blue edges, suspended from the neck. These two decorations were instituted on July 28th, 1816. In the Author's collection there was one of these gold crosses with eight double arms, and the names of the following battles : — Fuentes d'Onor, Arroyo de Molinos, Almarez, Maya, Vittoria, Nivelle, Pyrenees, Nive, and in the centre of the reverse the initials " R. B." It weighs nearly 2oz. This cross belonged to Colonel Richard Brunton, of the I3th Light Dragoons, formerly of the 6oth Rifles. Colonel Sir Denis Pack had the cross with eleven actions on it, which is the greatest number within the Author's knowledge. Only those British officers who were in the Portuguese service received it ; and no warrant can be found authorising them to accept and wear it. For the capture of Cayenne, on January i4th, 1809, a silver and also a bronze medal, 2in. diameter, were cayenne, given by the Prince Regent of Portugal. Eighty seamen and marines of H.M.S. " Confiance " were engaged, in conjunction with the Portuguese troops. It is uncertain whether or not the English allies re- ceived permission to wear the medal. On the obverse 46 BRITISH WAR MEDALS is the head of the Prince Regent of Portugal ; legend : D. Joam P. G. D. Pring. Regen de Portugal: &c. 1809. Reverse : iqth. Jan. 1809, within a laurel- wreath, surrounded by Cayenna Tomada a os Franceses. About this period a very interesting medal was wooidridge given to a Captain Wooldridge, R.N., for destroying iW the French ships in Aix Roads. Captain Wool- dridge was commander of the British man-of-war "Mediator," and rendered this service on the night of April nth, 1809. For his action on this occasion he was promoted to the rank of post-captain, and three years afterwards he received the medal as an acknowledgment of his distinguished services. On the obverse is a ship on fire, approaching a fleet, and breaking a boom ; and upon the reverse, " Captain James Wooldridge led the British Fireships when four French sail of the Line were burnt under their own batteries in Aix Roads." The medal was ifin. dia- meter, of gold, and was worn from the neck by a gold chain. It is now in the Murray collection. In September, 1810, a medal was given to the crews Bagurand of H.M. ships " Ajax," " Kent," and " Cambrian," Palamos, . . _ . , _ 1810. for their services in assisting the Spanish Government in expelling the French troops from Catalonia. The medal was granted by the Supreme Juncta, and was given to the officers as well as the men. Some of the former received the medal in gold, the rest in silver. The medal was if in. diameter, and on the obverse are the shields of Great Britain and Spain, surrounded by the national flags ; and below the shields are the words Alianza eterna; around the whole is a wreath of laurel. Upon the reverse is the legend : " Gratitud De Espana a la intrepid ez Britanica Bagur 10 de Setiembre, AND DECORATIONS. 47 Palamos, 14. de Setiembre, 1810." The ribbon was red with yellow edges. As very few of these medals were given, they are, consequently, extremely rare. During the Peninsular War, a most gallant act was performed by Lieut. Latham, of the 3rd Buffs. At the Battle of Albuera he prevented the King's colour falling into the h^nds of the enemy. The colour was carried by Ensign Walsh, and the colour- party being all killed or wounded, Ensign Walsh was taken prisoner. At that moment Lieut. Latham seized the flag, and though surrounded by the enemy he clung with heroic tenacity to his precious charge. A French hussar seized the staff, and cutting at Lieut. Latham's head, wounded him severely, but failed to make him release his hold. A second sword-cut severed the left arm from his body, but grasping the staff with his right hand, he exclaimed : " I will sur- render it only with my life." Although defenceless he would not yield, but the number of his foes in- creasing he was knocked down and trampled on ; he managed, however, to conceal the colour under his body. At this moment the advancing British cavalry compelled the French to retire. When the Fusilier brigade advanced, they found Lieut. Latham apparently dead, with the colour still in his possession. He was taken to the rear, and subsequently revived. The officers of the Buffs subscribed ;£ioo, with which a gold medal was purchased, and it was presented to him at Reading, on August i2th, 1813. The medal bears a representation of this heroic action, surmounted by a royal crown, and the name and date of the battle, " Albuera 16 May, 1811 ; " and the memorable words, " I will surrender it only with 48 BRITISH WAR MEDALS my life," surround the whole. Reverse : " To Lieut. Latham jrd. Regt. (or the Buffs) as a Testimonial from his Brother Officers of their high opinion of his distinguished conduct in defending the colours of the Regiment in the Battle of Albuera, in which he lost an arm and part of his face." The medal was 2-^-in. diameter and was all engraved. A large triangular loop was added for suspension. The King granted Lieut. Latham permission to wear this medal by a Warrant issued on January 4th, 1813. Within recentyears theofficers of the Buffs purchased a silver statuette of Lieut. Latham defending the colours, and attacked by a French cavalry trooper. It is now used as a centre-piece on the mess-table. We now come to the medal issued to the troops who Waterloo took part in the memorable victory at Waterloo, and which was granted at the suggestion of the Duke of " Wellington. This may be said to have inaugurated the present custom of granting the same medal to the officers and men engaged, and is the first instance of a general distribution of medals, since those given for the Battle of Dunbar in 1650. The original intention was to give a medal to the non-commissioned officers and men only, and a bronze medal was struck for the purpose, but it did not meet with approval, and was not issued. It was subsequently decided to reward officers and men alike — in fact, everyone engaged in the battle. On April 23rd, 1816, the following notice appeared in the Gazette: Horse Guards, March loth, 1816. The Prince Regent has been graciously pleased, in the name and on behalf of His Majesty, to command that, in com- memoration of the brilliant and decisive Victory of Waterloo, a AND DECORATIONS. 49 medal shall be conferred upon every officer, non-commissioned officer, and soldier, present upon that memorable occasion. His Royal Highness has further been pleased to command, that the ribband issued with the medal shall never be worn but with the medal suspended to it. By command of His Royal Highness, the Prince Regent FREDERICK, Commander-in-Chief. The medal is i.4in. diameter, and the obverse bears a head of the Prince Regent to the left, crowned with laurel ; above, George P. Regent. Reverse : A figure of Victory, holding in her right hand a palm-branch, and in the left a sprig of olive; wings outspread; Waterloo, and the date, June 18, 1815, in the exergue; and above, the word Wellington. More than one die was used for this medal, and slight differences are noticeable, both on the obverse and reverse. Until the present reign this was the only war medal having a bust other than that of Queen Victoria on the obverse. The ribbon was crimson with blue edges, ijin. wide. The medal was originally issued with a steel clip and large steel ring, but these were in many cases re- moved by the recipients, and replaced by ornamental silver bars of various design. The names of the re- cipients and their regiments were indented on the edge of the medals in large capitals. All those who were present at the Battle of Ligny on June i6th, and at Quatre Bras on June I7th, or at Waterloo on the i8th, were entitled to the medal. It was also given to Sir Charles Colville's division at Halle (2nd Battalion 35th ; 54th ; 2nd Battalion 59th ; and ist Battalion 9ist), although they were not actually engaged. The King's German Legion, and other German troops present at Waterloo, also received the medal. E 50 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Those given to the ist, 2nd, and 6th Dragoons, and the 27th, 28th, and 42nd Infantry Regiments, are most prized by collectors. The first three regiments formed the celebrated " Union Brigade," and the other three suffered severely, and consequently fewer medals were issued to the survivors. The 27th lost 480 men out of 698 present at the battle, and the 28th was by killed and wounded men reduced to a strength of only four companies. The Prince Regent, in 1817, presented a silver Hanover medal to the soldiers of his hereditary dominions in Waterloo. Germany who were present at the Battle of Waterloo, and to the heirs of those who had fallen at it. In size it is similar to the English medal, and has on the obverse a laureated head of the Prince to the right, and above is the legend, Georg. Prinz Regent: 1815. On the reverse is a military trophy, with laurel- branches below, and the legend, Waterloo Jun. xviii., surrounded by Hanoverischer Tapferkeit. The ribbon was the same as that of the English medal, and a large steel ring was added for suspension. The re- cipient's name, rank, and regiment were indented on the edge in capital letters. On December 23rd, 1815, Frederic, Duke of Nassau, Nassau issued a small silver medal to his troops who were Waterloo! present at Waterloo. On the obverse is a head of the Duke, with Friedrich August, Herzog zu Nassau. Reverse : A figure of Victory holding a palm-branch, and crowning a Roman warrior with a wreath ; legend : Den Nassauischen Streitern Bey Waterloo ; exergue, Den 18 Juni 1815. These medals were issued without the names of the recipients on the edge. The ribbon was dark blue with narrow yellow edges. The Prince Regent, as guardian of the minor : AND DECORATIONS. 51 princes of Brunswick, on June nth, 1818, ordered medals to be struck from the metal of the captured Waterloo. French cannon, and to be distributed to the soldiers of Brunswick who were present at the actions of June i6th, 1 7th, and i8th, " For the perpetual remembrance of the Campaign of 1815." Duke Frederick William of Brunswick fell in the Battle of Quatre Bras, Jurte lyth, 1815, and the medal bears his head on the obverse, with the legend, Friedrich Wilhelm Herzog. The reverse bears the legend Braunschweig seinen Kriegern — Quatre Bras und Waterloo, 1815, surrounded by a wreath of oak and laurel. The names and regiments of the recipients were indented on the edge. The medal was only struck in bronze, those given to the officers being gilded, and was suspended from a light yellow ribbon with light blue edges, by means of a steel clip and ring, like the English and Hanoverian medals for Waterloo. A medal was given by Duke Charles II., of Brunswick, on October 3Oth, 1824, to the soldiers of g2gjwick the Brunswick contingent who fought in the Peninsula from 1810-1814. It was given to officers in silver, and to non-commissioned officers and men in bronze, and was worn with a crimson ribbon. Obverse : The word Peninsula, surrounded by a wreath of oak and laurel. Reverse : A shield, on which is a monogram composed of two C's (the initials of the Duke). Behind it is a trophy of arms. The King of Hanover also gave a bronze medal to the troops of the British-German Legion, and a Hanoverian similar medal (gilt) to the officers. f°rthe /-\i A i»,r i f 1-1 Peninsula. Obverse : A Maltese cross, in the centre of which is the monogram E. A. R., surmounted by a crown. E 2 52 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Reverse : In the centre, Tapfer und Treu, encircled by Koniglich Deutsche-Legion, the whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Ribbon, white with two yellow stripes. On the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Battle of Waterloo, a bronze medal was presented to all the Waterloo, survivors of the Hanoverian troops by the citizens of Hanover. On the obverse are the arms of the town of Hanover, surrounded by the legend : Stadt Han- nover den siegern von Waterloo ; below, 18 Juni 1815. Reverse : Zur 50 jdhrigen Jubelfeier am 18 Juni 1865, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A small silver star of five double points was given to t^le Belgian troops who fought at Waterloo. The Waterloo, obverse is inscribed in the centre 1813, and the reverse 1815. A ring was fitted for suspension. Another medal, struck in commemoration of the SaMe~ Aliwal. 4. Ferozeshuhur, 1845, in exg. ; Aliwal. 5. Ferozeshuhur, 1845, in exg.; Sobraon. 6. Aliwal, 1846, in exg.; Sobraon. Two BARS: 1. Moodkee, 1845, in exg. ; Ferozeshuhur, Sobraon. 2. Moodkee, 1845, m exg« > Aliwal, Sobraon. 3. Moodkee, 1845, in exg.; Ferozeshuhur, Aliwal. 4. Ferozeshuhur, 1845, m exg- > Aliwal, Sobraon. THREE BARS : i. Moodkee, 1845, in exg.; Ferozeshuhur, Aliwal, Sobraon. Ribbon, dark blue with crimson edges, ijin. wide. The following regiments were engaged : MOODKEE, December i8th, 1845. — British : 3rd Light Dragoons; gth, 3ist, soth, and Both Foot. Native: Skinner's Horse; 8th Bengal Irregular Cavalry; 5th, 7th, nth, and 26th Bengal Infantry. FEROZESHUHUR, December 2ist, 1845. — British: 3rd Light j Dragoons; gth, 29th, 3ist, 5oth, 62nd, and Soth Foot; ist and 3rd Brigades Horse Artillery ; and the 4th, 6th, and 7th Batteries of Artillery. Native: 4th, 5th, and 8th Light Cavalry; 2nd Skinner's Horse; 3rd, 8th, and gth Bengal Irregular Cavalry; Bengal Sappers and Miners ; Royal Bengal Fusiliers ; Governor- General's Bodyguard; 2nd, i2th, I4th, i6th, 24th, 26th, 33rd, 42nd, 45th, 47th, 48th, 54th, and 73rd Regiments Native Infantry. ALIWAL, January 28th, 1846. — British: i6th Lancers; 3ist, 5oth, and 53rd Foot. Native: 3rd Skinner's Horse; ist and 2nd Goorkhas ; 7th and i3th Bengal Infantry. SOBRAON, February loth, 1846. — British : 3rd Light Dragoons ; I 9th and i6th Lancers; gth, loth, 29th, 3 ist, soth, 53rd, 62nd, I and 8oth Foot. Native: 2nd and 8th Bengal Irregular Cavalry; ist Bengal Europeans ; 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, and 26th I Bengal Native Infantry ; and ist and 2nd Goorkhas. For the war in 1848-9, which ended in the annexa- tion of the Punjab, a silver medal, i.4in. diameter, | AND DECORATIONS. 69 was struck and issued to the troops. The General Punjab, Order notifying the distribution is dated Ferozepore, l8 April 2nd, 1849. Three bars were issued with this medal, namely, Mooltan, Chilianwala, Goojerat, and were given according as the individual had been in one, or more actions. The bars and clasp are of the same design as those on the foregoing medal. Two was the greatest number of bars given with any medal. Upon the obverse, the medal has the usual diademed head of Her Majesty, surmounted by Victoria Regina. Upon the reverse, the Sikhs are represented laying down their arms to General Gilbert, who is on horseback. The British Army is drawn up in line in the background, with colours flying. Above is the legend, To the Army of the Punjab; and in the exergue, MDCCCXLIX. The recipient's name and regiment were indented on the edge in capital letters. The ribbon was dark blue with yellow edges, ijin. wide. The medals of the 24th Regiment for Chilianwala are scarce, as they lost 497 men in the engagement. The medal was also issued without a bar to the men of the Indian flotilla, and a few of them received the bar for Mooltan. The following is a list of medals and bars : MEDAL : To the army and navy. ONE BAR : Mooltan, to the army and navy. Chilianivala. Goojerat. Two BARS : Mooltan, Goojerat. Chilianwala, Goojerat. 70 BRITISH WAR MEDALS The authorised arrangement of the bars was to be Mooltan nearest to the medal, then Goojerat; or Chilianwala nearest to the medal, then Goojerat; but owing to the bars having in many instances been fixed by natives who could not read English, the order is frequently found reversed. The regiments engaged were : MOOLTAN, December 27th, 1848, to January 2ist, 1849. — British: loth, 32nd, and 6oth Foot; Naval Brigade of 100 men. Native: Royal Bombay Fusiliers; 5th Bengal Cavalry; ist and 2nd Scinde Horse; 3rd, 4th, gth, and igth Bombay Infantry; and Bengal and Bombay Sappers and Miners. CHILIANWALA, January i3th, 1849. — British: 3rd, 9th and I4th Light Dragoons; 24th, 29th, and 6ist Foot. Native: Bengal Fusiliers; 2nd and nth Bengal Native Infantry. GOOJERAT, February 2ist, 1849. — British: 3rd, gth, and i4th Light Dragoons; loth, 24th, 29th, 32nd, 53rd, 6oth, and 6ist Foot. Native: ist, 5th, 6th, and 8th Bengal Light Cavalry; 3rd, gth, nth, and i4th Irregular Cavalry; Scinde Horse; nine troops Horse Artillery ; four field batteries Bombay Artillery ; ist and 2nd Bengal Europeans; ist Bombay Europeans; 2nd and nth Bengal Infantry; and igth Bombay Infantry. Originally it was intended only to issue bars for Mooltan and Goojerat; but a subsequent Order, dated February 2Oth, 1850, sanctioned the issue of one for Chilianwala. Exclusive of those issued to the British regiments, 52,297 medals without bars, 16,067 with bar for Mooltan, 16,153 with bar for Chilianwala, and 26,760 with bar for Goojerat were given to native troops. Lieutenant H. B. Edwardes was presented by the< Lieut. Honourable East India Company with a gold medal EdMaeddaeis for his distinguished services in this campaign. The obverse bears a head of the Queen, superscribed Victoria Regina. On the reverse, Victory and Valour are resting on a lotus-flower crowning the arms of Lieutenant Edwardes; beneath is the infant Hercules AND DECORATIONS. 71 strangling the serpents, in allusion to the youth of the recipient ; and within the border is inscribed : From the East India Co. to Lieutenant and Brevet- Major H. B. Edwardes, C.B., for his services in the Punjab, A.D. MDCCCXLVIII. On March ist, 1869, a medal was authorised to be issued to the army and navy for services against the Maoris in the years 1845-7. The obverse has a 1845-7- diademed head of the Queen, with a veil covering the back of head and neck ; above is the legend, Victoria D.G. Britt. Reg. F.D. Reverse: A laurel-wreath, within which the dates of service of the recipient are inscribed; the words New Zealand above, and Virtutis Honor below. The medal is i.4in. diameter, and has an ornamental silver clasp for suspension. The ribbon is ijin. wide, dark blue with a broad red stripe down the centre. The recipient's name and regiment, or ship, are indented on the edge of the medal. The force was composed of : 58th, 65th, g6th, and ggth Regiments, and the crews of the following ships: H.M.S. " Castor/' "Calliope," "Driver/' " Elphinstone," "Hazard/' "Inflexible/' "North Star/' " Osprey," and " Racehorse/' As previously mentioned, the medal for the Penin- sular War was not sanctioned until June ist, 1847. The General Order states that — servce Her Majesty having been pleased to command that a medal 1806-14. should be struck to record the services of her fleets and armies during the wars commencing 1793, and ending in 1814, and that one should be conferred upon every officer, non-commissioned officer, and soldier, of the army who was in any battle or siege, to commemorate which, medals have been struck by command of Her Majesty's Royal predecessors, and have been distributed to the general or superior officers of the several armies and corps of troops engaged, in conformity with the regulations of the army at that time in force — etc., etc. The Duke of Wellington was much averse to the grant of a medal for the Peninsula War, and he BRITISH WAR MEDALS strongly opposed it in a discussion in the House of Lords on July 2ist, 1845. Five years previously he had refused to present a petition to the King to grant a medal for services in the Peninsula when requested to do so by the surviving officers. The Duke of Rich- mond was mainly responsible for the medal being granted. The following are the actions or sieges mentioned in the Order for which bars were given : 16. Badajoz, March i7th to April 6th, 1812. 17. Salamanca, July 22nd, 1812. 18. Fort Detroit, Aug. i6th, 1812. 19. Chateauguay, Oct. 26th, 1812. 20. Chrystler's Farm, Nov. nth, 1813. 21. Vittoria, June 2ist, 1813. 22. Pyrenees, July 28th to Aug. 2nd, 1813. 23. St. Sebastian, Aug. and Sept. 9th, 1813. 24. Nivelle, Nov. i6th, 1813. 25. Nive, Dec. gth to i3th, 1813. 26. Orthes, Feb. i;th, 1814. 27. Toulouse, April loth, 1814. 28. On Feb. i2th, 1850, a bar was granted for Egypt, 1801, " to those who were still alive." Twenty-eight bars in all were authorised — Nos. 7 and 9 for services in the West Indies; and 18, 19, and 20 for services in North America. It will be noticed that although the Order mentions that the medal is to cover services in 1793, no bars were given for military services before 1801, and none between that date and 1806. The bars are ijin. long and Jin. wide, an 1. Maida, July 4th, 1806. 2. Roleia, Aug. i7th, 1808. 3. Vimiera, Aug. 2ist, 1808. 4. Sahagun, Dec. 2oth, 1808 (15 single bars issued). 5. Benevente, Jan. ist, 1809. 6. Corunna, Jan. i6th, 1809. 7. Martinique, Feb. 24th, 1809. 8. Talavera, July 2yth to 28th, 1809. 9. Guadaloupe, Jan. to Feb. 6th, 1810. 10. Busaco, Sept. 27th, 1810. 11. Barrosa, March 5th, 1811. 12. Fuentes d'Onor, May 5th, 1811. 13. Albuera, May nth, 1811. 14. Java, Aug. to Sept. i8th, 1811. 15. Ciudad Rodrigo, Jan. , 1812. :o 7 1 d AND DECORATIONS. 73 bear the name of the battle in raised letters. They are fixed ^in. apart in most cases, but some medals have them ^in. apart. They are fastened together, in sets of three, by means of small rivets, on medals having six, nine, twelve, &c., bars. No rivets are used on medals having two and three bars. They are attached to the medal by a straight clasp and swivel. The medal was issued in 1848, and there were 19,000 claimants for it. For the Maida bar there were 500 applicants. For the bar for Fort Detroit the following sent in claims : Fifty-two men of the 4ist Foot, five men of the Royal Artillery, one man of the 49th Foot (who also got the bar for Chrystler's Farm), the Canadian Militia, and some Indians. For the Chateauguay bar, only three men of the Royal Artillery are mentioned in the War Office Medal Rolls as having sent in claims. It was also given to the Canadian Fencible Militia, Third Battalion Embodied Militia, the Chateauguay Chas- seurs, and a few Indian warriors. It is recorded in the War Office lists that only four men of the Royal Artillery claimed the bar for Chrystler's Farm, besides forty-four men of the 49th Foot and seventy-nine men of the 89th Foot. Several of the Canadian Militia and a few Indian warriors also received it. Those who were present at both battles received a single bar, inscribed Sahagun & Benevente. The bars were arranged in accordance with the services of the recipient, the first battle being always placed nearest to the medal. The number of bars QB each medal ranges from one to fifteen. No medals were issued without bars, and only two were given with 74 BRITISH WAR MEDALS fifteen. The medal and bars were also given to the survivors of the German troops who served during the war. On the obverse is a diademed head of the Queen, with the date of issue — 1848 — below ; and above the legend, Victoria Regina. Reverse : Upon a dais the Queen, robed and crowned, stands, placing a laurel-wreath upon the head of the Duke of Wellington, who kneels before her. By the side of the dais is the British lion couchant; above is the legend, To The British Army, and in the exergue the date, 1793-1814. The recipient's name and regi- ment are indented on the edge in capital letters. The ribbon is crimson with blue edges, ijin. wide. The medal is silver, i.4in. diameter, and was subsequently known as the " Military General Service Medal." The following troops were present at the various battles, commemorated by bars, in many cases in detachments only : EGYPT. — See page 36. MAIDA.— 2oth, 27th, 35th, 58th, 6ist, 78th, and 8ist Foot; 2oth Light Dragoons. ROLEIA. — 2oth Light Dragoons; 5th, 6th, gth, 29th, 32nd, 36th, 38th, 40th, 45th, 5oth, 6oth, 7ist, 82nd, gist, 95th, and 97th Foot. VIMIERA. — 2nd, 5th, 6th, gth, 2oth, 29th, 32nd, 36th, 38th, 4Oth, 43rd, 45th, 5oth, 52nd, 6oth, 7ist, 82nd, gist, 95th, and 97th Foot ; 2oth Light Dragoons. SAHAGUN. — 7th, loth, i5th, and i8th Hussars; two batteries of Horse Artillery; 3rd Hussars, K.G.L. CORUNNA. — 7th, loth, i5th, and i8th Li,ght Dragoons ; 3rd Dragoons, K.G.L. ; ist, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th, gth, I4th, 2oth, 23rd, 26th, 28th, 32nd, 36th, 38th, 42nd, 43rd, soth, 5ist, 52nd, 59th, 6oth, yist, 76th, 79th, 8ist, 82nd, gist, g2nd, 95th; ist and 3rd Battalions ist Foot Guards ; three batteries Royal Horse Artil- lery; five batteries Royal Artillery; ist and 2nd Light Batta- lions, K.G.L. MARTINIQUE. — 7th, 8th, i3th, i5th, 23rd, 25th, 46th, 6oth, 63rd, and goth Foot; ist West India Regiment, and the Royal York Rangers. PLATE X. >. IH OBVERSE OF THE MILITARY GKSKKAI, SERVICE MKDAL. AND DECORATIONS. 75 SALAMANCA.— sth Dragoon Guards; 3rd, 4th, nth, i2th, i4th, 15th, and i6th Light Dragoons; ist, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 7th, 9th, iith, 23rd, 24th, 27th, 3Oth, 32nd, 36th, 38th, 4oth, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 48th, 5ist, 52nd, 53rd, 58th, 6oth, 6ist, 68th, 74th, 79th, 83rd, 88th, 94th, and 95th Foot, and the following regiments of the K.G.L. : ist Hussars; ist and 2nd Light Batta- lions, ist, 2nd, and 5th Line Battalions, and Artillery; 2nd and 3rd Foot Guards. TALAVERA. — 3rd Dragoon Guards; 4th, i4th, i6th, and 23rd Light Dragoons; ist Light Dragoons, K.G.L. ; 2nd and 3rd Foot Guards ; 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, ;th, 2oth, 24th, 28th, 29th, 3ist, 32nd, 36th, 38th, 4oth, 42nd, 43rd, 45th, 48th, 5oth, 52nd, 53rd, 6oth, 6ist, 66th, 7ist, 79th, 82nd, 83rd, 87th, 88th, gist, 92nd, 95th, and 97th Foot; ist and 2nd Light Battalions, K.G.L.; ist, 2nd, 4th, 5th, and 7th Line Battalions, K.G.L.; ist Hussars; 2nd and 4th Batteries Foot Artillery, K.G.L. GUADALOUPE. — ist, i3th, i5th, 25th, 46th, 6oth, 63rd, 7oth, ooth, and g6th Foot; Marine Artillery and Naval Brigade; the Light Companies of the ist, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 6th West India Regiments; the 8th West India Regiment; York Light Infantry Volunteers ; Royal York Rangers ; Royal Artillery and Military Artificers. BUSACO. — ist, 3rd, 5th, 7th, gth, nth, 24th, 27th, 29th, 3ist, 34th, 38th, 39th, 4oth, 42nd, 43rd, 45th, 48th, soth, 52nd, 53rd, 57th, 6oth, 6ist, 66th, 74th, 79th, 83rd, 88th, 95th, and 97th Foot; three batteries of Royal Artillery; and the ist and 2nd Light Battalions, and the ist, 2nd, 5th, and 7th Line Battalions, K.G.L. ; 4th, i4th, and i6th Light Dragoons; 2nd and 3rd Foot Guards. BARROSA. — ist, 2nd, and 3rd Foot Guards ; gth, 28th, 47th, 67th, 82nd, 87th, and 95th Foot. FUENTES D'ONOR. — ist Dragoons; i4th and i6th Light Dragoons; ist, 4th, 5th, gth, 24th, 3Oth, 38th, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 5oth, 5 ist, 52nd, 6oth, 7ist, 74th, 79th, 83rd, 85th, 88th, 92nd, 94th, and 95th Foot; ist Hussars, K.G.L.; ist and 2nd Light Battalions, K.G.L.; ist, 2nd, 5th, and 7th Line Batta- lions, K.G.L. ; 2nd and 3rd Foot Guards. FORT DETROIT. — 300 men of the 4ist Foot; Newfoundland Regiment; Canadian Militia, and 600 Indians; Royal Artillery (thirty men). VITTORIA. — Two squadrons ist and 2nd Life Guards and Horse Guards; ist Dragoons; 3rd and 5th Dragoon Guards; 3rd, 4th, loth, nth, I2th, i3th, i4th, i6th, and i8th Light Dragoons; i5th Hussars; ist, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, gth, 2oth, 23rd, 24th, 2;th, 28th, 3 ist, 34th, 38th, 39th, 4Oth, 43rd, 45th, 47th, 48th, 5oth, 5 ist, 52nd, 53rd, 57th, s8th, 59th, 6oth, 66th, 68th, 7ist, 74th, 82nd, 83rd, 87th, 88th, g2nd, 94th, and 95th Foot; 2nd and 3rd Foot ^Guards. 76 BRITISH WAR MEDALS PYRENEES. — 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 7th, nth, 2oth, 23rd, 24th, 27th, 28th, 3ist, 32nd, 34th, 36th, 3gth, 4oth, 42nd, 43rd, 45th, 48th, 5oth, 5ist, 52nd, 53rd, 57th, 58th, 6oth, 6ist, 66th, 68th, 7ist, 74th, 79th, 82nd, 83rd, 87th, 88th, gist, g2nd, 94th, and 95th Foot; i3th and i4th Light Dragoons. ALBUERA. — 3rd Dragoon Guards ; 4th and i3th Light Dragoons; 3rd, 7th, 23rd, 27th, 28th, 29th, 3ist, 34th, 39th, 40th, 48th, 57th, 6oth, 66th, and g7th Foot. JAVA. — 22nd Light Dragoons ; i4th, 59th, 69th, 78th, and 8gth Foot; Indian Native Cavalry, Infantry, and Bengal Volunteers. CIUDAD RODRIGO. — 5th, 7th, 23rd, 24th, 3Oth, 4oth, 42nd, 43rd, 45th, 48th, 52nd, 6oth, 74th, 77th, 83rd, 88th, 94th, and 95th Foot; 2nd and 3rd Foot Guards. BADAJOZ. — ist, 4th, 5th, 7th, 23rd, 27th, 3Oth, 38th, 4oth, 43rd, 44th, 45 th, 48th, 52nd, 6oth, 74th, 77th, 83rd, 85 th, 88th, 94th, and 95th Foot ; I3th and i4th Light Dragoons ; 2nd Foot Guards. NIVE. — 7th, I2th, I3th, i4th, i6th, and i8th Light Dragoons ; ist, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 7th, gth, nth, 2oth, 23rd, 27th, 28th, 3ist, 32nd, 34th, 36th, 38th, 39th, 4oth, 42nd, 43rd, 45th, 47th, 48th, 5oth, 52nd, 53rd, 57th, 59th, 6oth, 6ist, 62nd, 66th, 7ist, 74th, 76th, 79th, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 87th, 88th, gist, 92nd, 94th, and 95th Foot; ist, 2nd, and 3rd Foot Guards. ORTHES. — 3rd, 7th, loth, i3th, i4th, i5th, and i8th Light Dragoons; 2nd, 5th, 6th, 7th, nth, 2oth, 23rd, 24th, 27th, 28th, 3 ist, 32nd, 34th, 36th, 37th, 39th, 4oth, 42nd, 45th, 48th, 50th, 5 ist, 52nd, 57th, 58th, 6oth, 6ist, 66th, 68th, 7 ist, 74th, 82nd, 83rd, 87th, 88th, gist, 92nd, 94th, and 95th Foot. TOULOUSE. — Two squadrons ist and 2nd Life Guards and Horse Guards ; ist Dragoons ; 3rd and 5th Dragoon Guards; 3rd, 4th, 7th, loth, i3th, i4th, i5th, and i8th Light Dragoons; ist, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th, nth, 2Oth, 23rd, 27th, 28th, 3 ist, 32nd, 34th, 36th, 39th, 4Oth, 42nd, 43rd, 45th, 48th, 50th, 52nd, 53rd, 57th, 6oth, 6ist, 66th, 7ist, 74th, 79th, 83rd, 87th, 88th, gist, g2nd, 94th, and 95th Foot. SAN SEBASTIAN. — ist, 2nd, 4th, 7th, gth, nth, 2oth, 23rd, 24th, 27th, 36th, 38th, 4oth, 43rd, 47th, 48th, 5 ist, 52nd, 53rd, 59th, 68th, 82nd, 85th, 87th, 88th, and 95th Foot, 200 of the Guards, and a Naval Brigade. CHATEAUGUAY. — Royal Artillery; Indians; Canadian Fen- cibles ; Canadian Militia ; Voltigeurs ; and Chasseurs. NIVELLE. — ist, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, gth, nth, 2oth, 23rd, 24th, 27th, 28th, 3ist, 32nd, 34th, 36th, 38th, 3gth, 4oth, 42nd, 43rd, 45th, 47th, 48th, 5oth, 5 ist, 52nd, 53rd, 57th, 58th, sgth, 6oth, 6ist, 62nd, 66th, 68th, 7ist, 74th, 76th, 79th, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, Ssth, 87th, 88th, gist, g2nd, 94th, and 95th Foot, and the following regiments of the K.G.L. : ist and 2nd Light Battalions; ist, 2nd, and 5th Line Battalions; 'AND DECORATIONS. 77 i2th, i3th, i4th, and i8th Light Dragoons; ist, 2nd, and 3rd Foot Guards. CHRYSTLER'S FARM. — 49th and Sgth Foot; Canadian Fen- cibles ; Canadian Militia ; Indians ; Voltigeurs ; and Royal Artillery. An Admiralty Order, dated June ist, 1847, announced the grant of a corresponding medal to the Navy, which was subsequently known as the " Navy service General Service Medal.** The Order confined the 1793-1840. grant to those services, commencing in 1793 and ending in 1815, for which superior officers had received a gold medal (see page 23), but by an Order issued on June 7th, 1848, it was amended, and the grant was extended to include : 1. Services in ships or boats for which an officer received promotion. 2. Services in co-operation with the Army for which a medal was awarded. 3. Certain distinguished services up to the year 1840 inclusive. A bar for Egypt, 1801, was, as in the case of the Military General Service Medal, added by an Order, dated February nth, 1850. The obverse of this medal is the same as that of the Military Medal ; but the reverse has Britannia seated on a sea-horse, holding a trident in her right hand and an olive-branch in her left. The medal is silver, i.4in. diameter. The ribbon is white with dark blue edges, ijin. wide, and the recipient's, name only is indented on the edge, in capital letters; but in the case of officers and warrant-officers the rank is also given. There were 230 different bars authorised, and, like the foregoing, the first action was on the bar nearest to the medal. The bars bear either the 78 BRITISH WAR MEDALS '• ^name of an action, or the name of the ship capturing < ^defeating an enemy's ship. Bars were also issued >vNlFor boat actions, and bear the words Boat Service, - and the date. They are of exactly the same design, and are fastened together, and to the medal, in the same manner as those on the Military General Service Medal. 20,900 medals and bars were distri- buted, and over 3082 additional bars where the medal was awarded for more than one action. Seven was the greatest number of bars issued with any one medal, and this number was earned by two officers : Captain J. A. Gordon (who also received a gold medal for Lissa) and Lieutenant John Hindmarsh. Four medals had six bars, and fourteen had five. In one case the six bars were all earned in the same ship, H.M.S. " Phoebe." The list commencing page 79 gives the actions for which bars were struck, the names and dates in italics being those on the bars. The figures in brackets give the number of each bar that was issued, as far as can be ascertained. These numbers are not official, but have been compiled with great care. They are based on the claims entered on the Admiralty Roll, from which those disallowed for various causes, or which are repeated, have been deducted ; and others added which are known to have been issued, and which can be verified from authentic sources. The inscriptions on the bars, as given in the list, do not in all cases represent the actual wording, as in most cases the " th " is omitted after the day of the month ; and " ivh " is generally used as a contraction for "with." Four of the bars are wrongly dated: those for " ifth June, 1809," should be " 1 7th April, 1809"; " 2^th April, 1810," should be " 2oth April, 1810"; "Royalist, May and June, AND DECORATIONS. 79 1810," should be " Royalist, May, 1809, to February, 1810"; and "Malaga, 2Qth April, 1812," should read " Malaga, 2gth May, 1812." Lieut. S. Cosby, of the 63rd Regiment, received the medal and bar " Pompee, ifth June, 1809," the only medal issued with this bar alone; and forty other military officers, besides men, who served as marines, received the medal with other bars. (See Appendix.) It is interesting to know that on the roll of awards for "June ist, 1794," of H.M.S. "Tremendous," " Daniel Tremendous McKenzie," rating, " Baby," was awarded the medal and bar! Also that "Jane Toivnshend," of H.M.S. "Defiance," claimed and was awarded the medal and bar for " Trafalgar," as " the Gazette directs that all who were present in this action should have a medal, without any restrictions as to sex," but "upon further consideration this cannot be allowed " (noted in his own handwriting on the Admiralty Rolls by Sir T. B. Martin, one of the Committee). " A passenger " on H.M.S. " Venerable " received the medal and bar for January i6th, 1814. 1. Nymphe, i8th June, 1793 u. Thetis, ifth May, 7795 (3). (4). 12. Hussar, ifth May, 7795 2. Crescent, 2oth Oct., 7793 (i). (12). 13. Mosquito, gth June, 1795 3. Zebra, ifth March, 1794 (o). (2). 14. i^th June, 7795 (38). 4. Carysfort, 2gth May, 1794 15. 2$rd June, 7795 (184). (o). 1 6. Lowestoffe, 24th June, 5. ist June, 1794 (549). 7795 (6). 6. Romney, ifth June, 7794 17. Dido, 24th June, 7795 (i). (2). 18. Spider, 2$th August, 7795 7. Blanche, 4th Jan., 7795 (i). (5). 19. Port Spergui, ijth March, 8. Lively, i$th March, 7795 1796 (4). (3). 20. Indefatigable, 2oth April, 9. i4th March, 7795 (102). 7796 (6). 10. Astraa, loth April, 7795 21. Unicorn, 8th June, 7796 (*)• (4). 8o BRITISH WAR MEDALS 22. Santa Margarita, 8th 51, June, 1796 (3). 23. Southampton, gth June, 1796 (4). 24. Dryad, ijth June, 1796 (7) 25. Terpsichore, i$th Oct., i79t> (3)- 26. Lapwing, 3rd Dec., 1796 (2). 27. Minerva, igth Dec., 1796 (5)- 28. Blanche, igth Dec, 1796. (2). 29. Indefatigable, i$th Jan., 179? (8). 30. Amazon, i^th Jan., 1797 (6). 31. St. Vincent, iqth Feb., 1797 (349). 32. San Fiorenzo, 8th March, 1797 (7)- 33. Nymphe, 8th March, 1797 (6). 34. Camperdown, nth Oct., 1797 (302). 35. Phoebe, 21 Dec., 1797 (7). 36. Mars, 2 1 st April, 1798(27). 37. Isle St. Marcou, 6th May, 1798 (3). 38. Lion 1 5th July, 1798 (24). 39. Nile, ist Aug., 1798 (357). 40. Espoir, 7th Aug., 1798 (i). 41. i2th Oct., 1798 (Si). 42. Fisgard, 2oth Oct., 1798 (9> 43. Sybille, 28th Feb., 1799 (12). 44. Telegraph, i8th March, 1799 (o). 45. Acre, soth May, 1799 (42). 46. Schiermonikoog, 12th Aug., 1799 (9). 47. Arrow, i$th Sept., 1799 (2) 48. Wolverine, ijth Sept., 1799 (o). 49. Surprise with Hermione, 25th Oct., 1799 (7). 50. Speedy, 6th Nov., 1799 (3). 52. 53- 54- 55- 56. 57- 58. 59- 60. 61. 62. 63- 64. 65- 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 7'- 72. 73- 74- 75- 76. 77- 78. 79' Courier, 22nd Nov., 1799 (3). Viper, 26th Dec., 1799 (2). Harpy, ^th Feb., 1800 (4). Fairy, $th Feb., 1800 (4). Peter el, 2ist March, 1800 (2). Penelope, ^oth March, 1800 (12). Vinciego, ^oth March, 1800 (2). Capture of the Desiree, 8th July, 1800 (25). Seine, 2oth August, 1800 (8). Phoebe, igih Feb., 1801 (7) Egypt, 28th March to Sept., 1801 (626). Copenhagen, 2nd April, 1801 (545). Speedy, 6th May, 1801 (7). Gut of Gibraltar, i2th July, i#oi (150). rftT Sylph, 28th Sept., 1801 (2). Pasley, 28th Oct., 1801 (3) Scorpion, gist March, 1804 (i). Beaver, ^ist March, 1804 (o). Centurion, i8th Sept., 1804 (9). Arrow, 3rd Feb., 1805 (8). Acheron, $rd Feb., 1805 (2). San Fiorenzo, i^th Feb., 1805 (12). Phoenix, wth Aug., 1805 (22). Trafalgar, 2ist Oct., 1805 (1643). 4th November, 1805 (296). St. Domingo, 6th Feb., 1806 (401). London, i$th March, 1806 (29). Amazon, i$th March, 1806 (29). Pique, 26th March, 1806 (8). AND DECORATIONS. 81 80. Sirius, 1 7th April, 1806 (10). 81. Blanche, igth July, 1806 (21). 82. Arethusa, 2$rd August, 1806 (6). 83. Anson, 2$rd August, 1806 84. Curacoa, ist Jan., 1807 (66). 85. Pickle, ^rd Jan., 1807 (i).« 86. Hydra, 6th August, 1807 (11). 87. Comus, i$tn August, 1807 (10). 88. Louisa, 28th Oct., 1807 (i). 89. Carrier, 4th Nov., 1807 (0- 90. Ann, 2$th Nov., 1807 (o). 91. Sappho, 2nd March, 1808 92. San Fiorenzo, 8th March, 1808 (16). 93. Emerald, i%th March, 1808(11). 94. Childers, i^th March, 1808 (4). 95. Nassau, 22nd March, 1808 (35). 96. Stately, 22nd March, 1808 (27). 97. Off Rota, 4th April, 1808 (19)- 98. Grasshopper, 2$th April, 1808 (7). 99. Rapid, 24th April, 1808 100. Redwing, 7th May, 1808 (7). 101. Virginie, loth May, 1808 (21). 1 02. Redwing, gist May, 1808 (5). 103. Seahorse with Badere Zaffer, 6th July, 1808 (32). 104. Comet, nth August, 1808 (5). 105. Centaur, 26th August, 1808 (39). 106. Implacable, 26th August, 1808 (45). 107. Cruizer, ist Nov., 1808 (4). 108. Amethyst with Thetis, loth Nov., 1808 (34). k, 109. Off the Pearl Roc Dec., 1808 (14). no. Onyx, ist Jan., 1809 (5). in. Confiance, idth Jan., 1809 (8). 112. Martinique, 2nd Feb. to loth, 1809 (503). 113. Horatio, loth Feb., 1800 (13). 114. Supgrieure, wth Feb., 1809 (i). 115. Amethyst, $th April, 1809 (27). 116. Basque Roads, 1809, i2th April (558). 117. Castor, 1 7th June, 1809 (5)- 118. Pompde, I'jih June, 1809 (21). 119. Recruit, I'jih June, 1809 (5)' 120. Cyane, 2$th and 27th June, 1809 (5). 121. L'Espoir, 2$th and 27th June, 1809 (5). 122. Bonne Citoyenne with Furieuse, 6th July, 1809 (12). 123. Diana, nth Sept., 1809 (5)- 124. Anse-le-Barque, i8th Dec., 1809 (43). 125. Cherokee, joth Jan., 1810 (4). 126. Scorpion, i2th Jan., 1810 (7)- 127. Guadaloupe, Jan. to Feb., 1810 (484). 128. Thistle, wth Feb., 1810 (o). 129. Surly, 2$th April, 1810 (3). G 82 BRITISH WAR MEDALS 130. Firm, 2^th April, 1810 (o). 131. Sylvia, 26th April, 1810 (i)., 132. Spartan, 3rd May, 1810 (SO- 133. Royalist, May and June, 1810 (3). 134. Amanthea, 2$th July, 1810 (24). 135. Banda Neira, oth Aug., 1810 (68). 136. Staunch, i8th Sept., 1810 (2). 137. Otter, i8th Sept., 1810 (8). 138. Boadicea, i8th Sept., 1810 (14). 139. Briseis, iqth Oct., 1810 (2). 140. Lissa, i3th March, 1811 (125). 141. Anholt, 27th March, 1811 (43)- 142. Arrow, 6th April, 1811 (o). 143. Off Tamatave, 2oth May, 1811 (So). 144. Hawke, i8th August, 11 ii (6). 145. Java, August to Sept., 1811 (695). 146. Locust, nth Nov.. 1811 (2). 147. Skylark, nth Nov., 1811 154. Northumberland, 22nd May, 1812 (62). 155. Growler, 22nd May, 1812 (4)- 156. Off Mardoe, 6th July, 1812 (48). 157. Sealark, 2ist July, 1812 (4). 158. Royalist, 2gih Dec., 1812 (4). 159. Weasel, 22nd April, 1813 (5)- 160. Shannon with Chesa- peake, ist June, 1813 (44)- 161. Pelican, iA.th August, 1813 (4). 162. St. Sebastian, Aug. to Sept., 1813 (293). 163. Thunder, gth Oct., 1813 (8). 164. Gluckstadt, $th Jan., 1814 (44). 165. Venerable, i6th Jan., 1814 (42). 166. Cyane, idth Jan., 1814 (61). 167. Eurotas, 2$th Feb., 1814 (31)- 168. Hebrus, with L'Etoile, 27th March, 1814 (40). 169. Cherub, 28th March, 1814 (g). 170. Phoebe, 28th March, 1814 (29). 171. The Potomac, i7th Aug., 1814 (107). 172. Endyniion, with Presi- dent, i5th Jan., 1815 (61). 173. Gaieta, 2^.ih July, 1815 (88). 174. Algiers, 27th Aug., 1815 (1320). 175. Navarino, 2oth Oct., 1827 (1123). 176. Syria, Nov., 1840 (7057). The following are the bars issued for boat services ; all are inscribed Boat Service, with the day and (4). eli Nov., 148. Pelagosa, 2gth 1811 (64). 149. Victorious, with Rivoli 22nd Feb., 1812 (64). 150. Weasel, 22nd Feb., 1812 (6). 151. Rosario, 27th March, 1812 (7). 152. Griffon, 27th March, 1812 (4). 153. Malaga, 2gth April, 1812 AND DECORATIONS. month on the left and the year on the right, engraved : 177. i$th March, 1793 (i). 178. ijth March, 7794 (29). 179. 29th May, 1797 (3). 180. 9th June, 1799 (4). 181. 20th Dec., 1799 (3). 182. 29th July, 1800 (4). 183. 29th Aug., 1800 (2). 184. 27th Oct., 1800 (5). 185. 2ist July, 1801 (8). 186. 27th June, 1803 (6). 187. 4th Nov., 1803 (2). 188. 4th Feb., 1804 (10). 189. 4th June, 1805 (10). 190. i6th July, 1806 (52). 191. 2nd Jan., 1807 (3). 192. 2ist Jan., 1807 (8). 193. igth April, 1807 (o). i3th Feb., 1808 (3). wth July, 1808 (8). 196. nth Aug., 1808 (16). 197. 28th Nov., 1808 (2). 7th July, 1809 (33). I4th July, 1809 (7). 200. 2$th July, 1809 (35). 201. 27th Julv, 1809 (10). 202. 29th July, 1809 (u). 28th Aug., 1809 (15). ist Nov., 1809 (112). 194. '95- 199. 203 204 205- *3th Dec-> l8°9 (8)- 206. i^th Feb., 1810 (18). 207. ist May, 1810 (14). 208. 28th June, 1810 (24). 209. 27th Sept., 1810 (32). 210. 4th Nov., 1810 (i). 211. 23rd Nov., 1810 (44). 212. 24th Dec., 1810 (6). 213. 4th May, 1811 (10). 214. 30th July, 1811 (4). 215. 2nd Aug, 1811 (10). 216. 20th Sept., 1811 (7). 217. 4th Dec., 1811 (17). 218. 4th April, 1812 (5). 219. ist Sept., 1812 (21). 220. I7th Sept., 1812 (n). 221. 29th Sept., 1812 (27). 222. 6th Jan., 1813 (24). 223. 2ist March, 1813 (5). 224. 29th April, 1813 (2). 225. April and May, 1813 (55) 226. 2nd May, 1813 (51). 227. 8th April, 1814 (23). 228. 24th May, 1814 (13). 229. 3rd and 6th Sept., 230. i4th Dec., 1814 (205). The bar for " July 2^th, 1809," was given for two different actions on the same date, for one of which there were no claims. It is doubtful if a bar was issued for " Growler." A medal issued to a man who served in the ship is in Lord Cheylesmore's collection, and has a bar for " Northumberland." The various combinations of the bars are so numerous that it is impossible to specify them here. On April i4th, 1851, the Governor-General of India announced that the Queen had been graciously East India , . . r i ^ * Co-'s Gene' pleased to assent to the proposition of the Court of rai service Directors of the East India Company, that a medal 1799-1826. G 2 84 BRITISH WAR MEDALS be struck and issued to the troops who took part in the following campaigns, battles, and sieges, from 1799-1826. It was also granted to such officers and men of the Royal Navy, and the Company's Marine, as took part in the Burmese War of 1824-6. The sug- gestion that a medal should be issued to the survivors of the old Indian Army for services rendered was un- doubtedly due to the decision to give a medal to the survivors of the troops and sailors who fought in the Peninsula and early naval engagements. It was held as invidious that a distinction should be made in the case of the Indian veterans, and their request was rightly granted. The following are the actions commemorated by bars issued with the medal, which commence in 1803, although the medal was intended to commemorate services from 1799. The British and some of the native regiments which took part in the various actions are also given : Storming of Allighur, September 4th, 1803. British regiments: 27th Light Dragoons and 76th Foot. Battle of Delhi, September nth, 1803. British regiments: 27th and 2gth Dragoons and 76th Foot. Native: 6th Light Cavalry. Battle of Assaye, September 23rd, 1803. British regiments: igth Light Dragoons ; 74th and 78th Foot. Siege of Asseerghur, October 2ist, 1803. British regiment: 94th Foot. Battle of Laswarree, November ist, 1803. British regiments: 8th, 27th, and 2gth Light Dragoons and 76th Foot. Native: 2ist, 3ist and 33rd Bengal Native Infantry, and 6th Light Cavalry. Battle of Argaum, November 26th, 1803. British regiments: igth Light Dragoons ; 74th, 78th, and 94th Foot. Siege and Storm of Gawilghur, December isth, 1803. British regiments: 74th, 78th, and 94th Foot. Defence of Delhi, October, 1804. British regiments : None. Battle of Deig, November i3th, 1804. British regiments : 76th Foot. Native: loist Fusiliers and 2nd Bengal Native Infantry. AND DECORATIONS. 85 Capture of Deig, December 23rd, 1804. British regiments : 8th and 29th Light Dragoons; 22nd and 76th Foot. Native: ist European Regiment, 8th Native Infantry, and 6th Light Cavalry. War in Nepaul, 1816. British regiments: 8th Light Dragoons; i4th, i;th, 24th, 26th, 66th, and 8yth Foot. Native: 2oth and 25th Native Infantry. Battle of Kirkee, November, 1817. British regiments: None. Native: Bombay Fusiliers; 2nd, 6th, 7th, I2th, i3th, and 23rd Bombay Native Infantry. Battle and Capture of Pooncf, November, 1817. British regi- ment: 65th Foot. Native: 2nd Grenadier Regiment Native Infantry. Battles of Kirkee and Poona, November, 1817. Battle of Seetabuldee, November and December, 1817. British regiment: Eight Companies 2nd Battalion ist Foot, but no bar was given to them for this battle. Battle and Capture of Nagpore, November and December, 1817. British regiment: ist Foot. Native: ist, 2nd, i7th, 2 ist, 23rd, 26th, 28th, and 39th Madras Native Infantry, and 6th Light Cavalry. Battles of Seetabuldee and Nagpore, November and December, 1817. British and Native regiments, see above. Battle of Maheidpoor, December 2ist, 1817. British regiments: 22nd Light Dragoons and ist Foot. Native: 3rd and 4th Madras Light Cavalry; ist Madras Fusiliers; 3rd, i4th, 27th, 28th, and 3 ist Madras Infantry. Defence of Cory gaum, January ist, 1818. British regiments: None. Native : 2nd Bombay Native Infantry and 2nd Poona Horse. War in Ava, 1824-6. See First Burmese War, page 56. Siege and Storming of Bhurtpoor, January, 1826. British regi- ments: nth Light Dragoons; i6th Lancers; i4th and 59th Foot. Native: ist Bengal Cavalry; Bengal Fusiliers; ist, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 66th Bengal Infantry; the Sirmoor Rifle Regiment ; and the 6th Light Cavalry. The wars in Nepaul and Ava are the only services for which a medal had been issued previously (see pp. 40 and 56), and those who had received either of the earlier medals did not get this one. The following are some of the combinations of bars issued, whch were arranged to read from the top downwards to the medal, i.e., the most recent action commemorated by a bar is placed nearest the medal : 86 BRITISH WAR MEDALS ONE BAR. Allighur. Battle of Delhi. Assaye (19 issued). Asseerghur. Laswarree (48 issued). Argaum. Gawilghur (13 issued). Defence of Delhi. Battle of Deig. Capture of Deig. Nepaul. Kirkee. Poona. Kirkee and Poona. Seetabuldee. Nagpore. Seetabuldee &*> Nagpore (4 isd.) Maheidpoor (26 issued). Cory gaum (79 issued ; four to Europeans, including two officers). Ava. Bhurtpoor. Two BARS. Asseerghur, Argaum. Asseerghur, Ava. Battle of Delhi, Laswarree. Nepaul, Ava. Nagpore, Ava. Maheidpoor, Ava. Nepaul, Bhurtpoor. Capture of Deig, Laswarree. Allighur, Laswarree. Assaye, Gawilghur. Assaye, Argaum. Allighur, Bhurtpoor. Poona, Ava. Poona, Corygaum. Nepaul, Nagpore. Laswarree, Maheidpoor. Asseerghur, Nagpore. Kirkee 6-* Poona, Corygaum. THREE BARS. Asseerghur, Argaum, Gawil- ghur. Assaye, Argaum, Gawilghur (13 issued). Assaye, Argaum, Bhurtpoor. Assaye, Argaum, Poona. THREE BARS (continued). Laswarree, Capture of Deig, Nepaul. Allighur, Battle of Delhi, Las- warree. Allighur, Laswarree, Capture of Deig. Allighur, Laswarree, Bhurt- poor. Battle of Delhi, Battle of Deig, Capture of Deig (14 issued). Allighur, Battle of Deig, Cap- ture of Deig. Battle of Delhi, Laswarree, Capture of Deig. Nepaul, Nagpore, Ava. Nagpore, Maheidpoor, Ava. Nepaul, Maheidpoor, Bhurt- Poor. Argaum, Gawilghur, Ava. FOUR BARS. Allighur, Battle of Delhi, Laswarree, Battle of Deig. Allighur, Battle of Delhi, Laswarree, Capture of Deig. Asseerghur, Argaum, Gawil- ghur, Ava. Laswarree, Capture of Deig, Nagpore, Bhurtpoor. Assaye, Asseerghur, Argaum, Gawilghur. Assaye, Argaum, Nagpore, Bhurtpoor. Assaye, Argaum, Poona, Bhurtpoor. Battle of Deig, Capture of Deig, Nepaul, Ava. Laswarree, Battle of Deig, Defence of Delhi, Poona. FIVE BARS. Allighur, Battle of Delhi, Laswarree, Battle of Deig, Capture of Deig. SEVEN BARS. Allighur, Battle of Delhi, Capture of Deig, Nepaul, Laswarree, Battle of Deig, Bhurtpoor. AND DECORATIONS. 87 There is a great variety of combinations of these bars ; but the greatest number known to the author on one medal is seven, which was awarded to Sergt. W. Colston, as a drummer in a native regiment. The Duke of Wellington received the medal with three bars — Assaye, Argaum, Gawilghur. No medals were issued without bars. The medal is silver, i.^in. diameter, and has on the obverse the usual diademed head of the Queen, with Victoria Regina above. Reverse : A figure of Victory seated, holding in her right hand an olive- branch and in her left a laurel-wreath ; at her feet a trophy of Indian arms ; a palm-tree in the background. Above is the legend, To the Army of India; and in the exergue the date, 1799-1826. The name and regi- ment of the recipient are indented on the edge of the medal in capital letters in the case of those granted to European regiments; but the medals issued to native regiments are generally engraved in Italian running-hand. The ribbon is light blue, ijin. wide, and the bars and clasp are of the same size and shape as those on the Sutlej medal. Small rivets are used for fastening the bars together. By a General Order dated November 22nd, 1854, Her Majesty granted a medal to commemorate the south wars against the Kaffirs, in South Africa, in the years 1834-5, 1846-7, and from December 24th, 1850, to February 6th, 1853. The medal was the same in all cases, and the only way to distinguish for which campaign it was granted is by the number of the regiment indented on the edge of the medal. The British regiments engaged were : In 1834-5 : 27th, ;2nd, and 75th Foot. In 1846-7 : 7th Dragoon Guards; 6th, 27th, 45th, 73rd, goth, and gist Foot; and the Rifle Brigade. In 1850-3 : i2th Lancers; 2nd, 6th, i2th, 88 BRITISH WAR MEDALS and 43rd Foot; Royal Marines; 2nd Battalion 6oth; 73rd, 74th, and gist Foot; and the ist Battalion Rifle Brigade. The Cape Mounted Rifles and the men of the Naval Brigade also did good service. The crews of the following ships received the medal • H.M.S. "Castor," "Dee," "Hermes," " Rhadamanthus," and "Styx." The medal is silver, i.4in. diameter, and has on the obverse the head of Queen Victoria, with the legend, Victoria Regina, above. On the reverse, the British Lion is stooping to drink under a mimosa bush, the words South Africa above, and the date, i#5j, in the exergue. The recipient's name and regiment or naval rating are indented on the edge in capital letters. The ribbon is orange with two broad and two narrow stripes of dark blue, ijin. wide. No bars were issued with this medal. On January 23rd, 1854, the Queen authorised the Burma, issue of a medal " for the purpose of commemorating )2'3' the services rendered during the operations against the Burmese in 1852-3." This medal has since been India known as the " India General Service Medal, 1854," and was subsequently used as a reward for the in- '. cessant campaigns in India against the native tribes. The suggestion of a General Service Medal to which bars should be added for subsequent campaigns originated with the then Governor-General, Lord Dal- housie, the idea being to limit the issue of medals, which had recently become numerous. Twenty-three different bars were added to it from time to time, as follows : Pegu. Naga, 1879-80. N.E. Frontier, 1891. Persia. Burma, 1885-1. Hunza, 1891. North-West Frontier Sikkim, 1888. Burma, 1889-92. Umbeyla. Hazara, 1888. Lushai, 1889-92. Bhootan. Burma, 1887-9. Waziristan, 1894-5. Looshai. Chin-Lushai, 1889-90. Chin-Hills, 1892-93. Perak. Samana, 1891. Kachin-Hills , Jowaki, 1877-8. Hazara, 1891. 1892-93. AND DECORATIONS. 89 In cases where the medal and bar had already been given, a bar was added for subsequent campaigns, instead of granting another medal. This rule seems to have been broken occasionally, probably through oversight, as, since the issue of the medal and bar for Per ok, instances occur of men having two of the medals, with bars for different campaigns. When fresh bars were added the most recent action com- memorated was placed nearest to the medal, the new bar being furnished with ears for attaching to those on the lower side of that previously issued, except in the case of Pegu, which is retained on the medal. The bars and clasp are similar in design to those issued originally with the Sutlej medal, but the bars are i^in. long, excepting that for Pegu, which is ifin. The following British regiments took part in the action in Burma for which this medal was first Pegu, granted, with a bar inscribed Pegu: i8th, 5ist, and Both; and also the men of the Naval Brigade from the following ships : H.M.S. " Bittern," "Cleopatra," "Contest," "Fox," "Hastings," "Hermes," "Rattler," "Salamander," "Spartan," "Sphinx," "Win- Chester," "Styx," and "Serpent." The medal has on the obverse the diademed head of the Queen ; above is the legend, Victoria Regina. The reverse has a figure of Victory crowning a warrior with a laurel-wreath. The warrior is seated, with a Roman helmet on the ground at his side; in his right hand he holds a short Roman sword and in his left hand the sheath ; in the exergue is a lotus- flower. It is silver, i.4in. diameter. The ribbon is crimson, ijin. wide, with two dark blue stripes -J-in. from the edge. The name and regiment, or ship, of 90 BRITISH WAR MEDALS the recipient are indented in small capital letters on the edge of the medal. From the Perak War down- wards the names, &c., have been engraved, either in capitals or in Italian running-hand. The combinations of these bars are numerous, but they chiefly occur on the medals of the Native Indian troops and their European officers. The greatest number on one medal is seven, and this only in one instance. The combination is as follows : Hunza, 1891; Samana, 1891; Hazara, 1888; Burma, 1885-7; Joivaki, i#77-#; North- West Frontier; Umbeyla. This medal is worn by the Subadar-Major of No. 4 Battery Punjab Frontier Force, and he also has the Afghan and Mutiny medals. Sir Wm. Lockhart, K.C.B., has the medal with six bars. We now come to the medals issued by our own Crimea, and foreign Governments for the Crimean War in 1854-6. The same medal was awarded to the army and navy, and differed only in the bars issued, although most of them were awarded to both Services. The original Order for the issue of the medal was dated December, 1854, and only two bars were authorised, namely, those for the battles of Alma and Inkermann. In February, 1855, a bar for the action at Balaklava was sanctioned, and, in October of the same year, one for Sevastopol, to all those soldiers who had been present at the operations between October ist, 1854, and September Qth, 1855. Two dies were made for the former, one being inscribed " Balaclava " and the other " Balaklava." The medal has on the obverse the same effigy of Her Majesty as was on the Peninsula Medal, with the legend, Victoria Regina above, and the date, 1854, in the exergue. On the reverse, a flying figure of AND DECORATIONS. 91 Victory is crowning a Roman warrior with a wreath; the word Crimea is inscribed vertically on the left of the figure. The warrior carries a sheathed sword in his right hand, and on his left arm is a round shield on which is shown the British Lion. The medal is by W. Wyon, and is of silver, i.4in. diameter. The bars are very ornamental, and are in the form of an oak-leaf, ornamented with acorns, with the name of the victory which they commemorate in raised letters in the centre. The clasp for suspension is designed to match the bars, and is peculiar to this medal. The ribbon is light blue, ijin. wide, with light yellow edges. The name and regiment of the recipient are either indented, or engraved> on the edge of the medal, all having been originally issued with plain edges. All the inscriptions, in small, square, indented capitals, were put on by Messrs. Hunt and Roskell, of London, with the same letters as were used for naming the Military, and Navy General Service medals. It is mentioned in the late Queen's diary that the soldiers to whom she presented the first medals in Hyde Park were unwilling to part with them afterwards to have their names put on, for fear of not having the identical medal returned to them. Four was the greatest number of bars issued with one medal : namely, Alma, Balaklava, Inkermann, and Sevastopol. A special bar for Azoff was issued to the navy. Medals given to light cavalry regiments, with bars for Balaklava, are most prized by collectors on account of the celebrated charge at that battle. The regiments which formed the " Light Brigade " were the iyth Lancers and the I3th Light Dragoons, in the first line; and the nth Hussars, 4th Light Dragoons, and the 8th Hussars, in the second line. BRITISH WAR MEDALS Many medals were issued without the bars attached, so that much confusion exists in their arrangement. It is stated that many men received bars for battles at which they were not present, owing to the lax way in which they were issued. The following is a list of the various combinations of bars, reading upwards from the medal : To THE ARMY. FOUR BARS. Two BARS (continued). Alma, Balaklava, Inkermann, Alma, Sevastopol. Sevastopol. THREE BARS. Alma, Balaklava, Inkermann, Alma, Balaklava, Sebastopol. Alma, Inkermann, Sebas- topol Balaklava, Inkermann, Se- bastopol. Two BARS. Inkermann, Sebastopol. Alma, Balaklava. Alma, Inkermann. Balaklava, Inkermann. Balaklava, Sebastopol. ONE BAR. Alma. Sebastopol. Balaklava. MEDAL WITHOUT BAR, to which everyone who landed in the Crimea was entitled. To THE NAVY. ONE BAR. THREE BARS. Sebastopol. Balaklava, Inkermann, Se- Az°ff' bastopol. Two BARS. Azoff, Inkermann, Sebastopol. Balaklava, Sebastopol. Azoff, Balaklava, Sebastopol. Inkermann, Sebastopol. Azoff, Sebastopol. MEDAL WITHOUT BAR. The Marines received bars for Inkermann, Bala- klava, and Sebastopol. The medal was also given t< some of the French troops engaged in the campaign, and was much prized by them. Every man who was present at Alma and Inkei maun, or at Inkermann or Balaklava, or at both — ii short, everyone who was in the Crimea betweei October ist, 1854, and September Qth, 1855 — granted the bar for Sebastopol, excepting certaii 'LATE XL TURKISH MEDAL FOR THE CRIMEA • TURKISH MEDAL FOR THE CRIMEA (SARDINIAN), 1855 (OBVERSE). (SARDINIAN), 1855 (REVERSE). MEDAI. FOR THE INDIAN MUTINY; AND FOR CHINA, 1857-60 (OBVERSE). MEDAL FOR THE INDIAN MUTINY, 1857-8 (REVERSE). Mi n\i i IK Nr\v ZEALAND, 1844-66 (OBVERSE). MEDAL : NEW ZEALAND, 1861-66 (REVERSE). AND DECORATIONS. 93 non-combatants, who were awarded the medal without bar. Some medals were distributed before the General Order granting the Sevastopol bar was issued, and it was in most cases subsequently added. No doubt many men entitled to the bar, and who had left the Service, and also the relatives of men who had died meanwhile, did not send the medals for alteration, and this may account for many un- doubtedly genuine medals being without the Sebas- topol bar, although the intention was that all the medals with bars for Inkermann and Balaklava should have it. Medals with the bar for Balaklava, or with bars for Alma, Inkermann; Balaklava, Inkermann; Alma, Balaklava, Inkermann, although not in accordance with the intention of the General Order of October 3ist, 1855, are undoubtedly genuine, although im- perfect. They are, nevertheless, in the author's opinion, quite worthy of a place in the collector's cabinet. The naval medals were also issued with plain edges, the names of the recipients and of their ships being engraved on the edge, in most cases at the owner's expense. The following regiments were engaged : ist, 4th, 5th, and 6th Dragoon Guards; ist, 2nd, and 6th Dragoons; 4th and i3th Light Dragoons; 8th, ipth, and nth Hussars; i2th and I7th Lancers; Royal Horse Artillery; Royal Field Artillery; Royal Engineers; Land Transport Corps and Ambulance Corps ; 3rd Battalion Grenadier Guards ; ist Battalion Coldstream Guards ; and Scots Fusilier Guards ; ist and 2nd Battalions ist Foot; ist Battalion 3rd Foot; ist Battalion 4th Foot; 7th, gth, i3th, i4th, lyth, i8th, igth, 2oth, 2 ist, 23rd, 28th, 3oth, 3ist, 33rd, 34th, 38th, 39th, 4ist, 42nd, 44th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 5oth, 55th, 56th, 57th, 62nd, 63rd, 68th, 7ist, 72nd, 77th, 79th, 82nd, 88th, Sgth, 90th, 9^rd, 95th, and 97th Foot; and ist and 2nd Battalions Rifle Brigade. 94 BRITISH WAR MEDALS The following troops were present at the three principal battles : ALMA, September 2oth, 1854. — 4^ ancl I3th Light Dragoons ; 8th and nth Hussars; ijth Lancers; Grenadier, Coldstream, and Scots Fusilier Guards; ist, 4th, yth, i9th, 2oth, 2ist, 23rd, 28th, 3oth, 33rd, 38th, 4ist, 42nd, 44th, 46th, 47th, 49th, 5oth, 55th, 63rd, 68th, 77th, 79th, 88th, 93rd, and 95th Foot. BALAKLAVA, October 25th, 1854. — 4tn and 5th Dragoon Guards; ist, 2nd, and 6th Dragoons; 4th, 8th, nth, and i3th Light Dragoons ; I7th Lancers ; and the 93rd Highlanders. INKERMANN, November 5th, 1854. — 4th, 8th, nth, and i3th Hussars ; i7th Lancers ; the three regiments of Foot Guards ; ist, 4th, 7th, i9th, 2oth, 2 ist, 23rd, 28th, 3Oth, 33rd, 38th, 4ist, 47th, 49th, soth, 55th, 57th, 63rd, 68th, 77th, 88th, and 95th Foot; two batteries Royal Horse Artillery, and two Royal Artillery Field Batteries. Two companies of the 46th Foot were present at Alma and Inkermann ; six officers and 225 men got the bar for Alma, and six officers and 201 men re- ceived in addition that for Inkermann. These medals are consequently rather scarce. A special medal was issued to seamen and marines Baltic who served with the Fleet in the Baltic. On the 1854-5' obverse is a similar head of the Queen to that on the last-described medal, but without the date below. On the reverse is a figure of Britannia seated on a rock, and holding in her right hand a trident ; by her side is a naval cannon and a pile of cannon-balls; she is looking towards the fortress of Bomarsund, and in the distance is Fort Sveaborg; above is the word Baltic; and in the exergue the date, 1854-1855. The ribbon is yellow with blue edges, ijin. wide. No bars were given with the medal, which is silver, i.4in. diameter, with a swivel and scroll clasp for suspen- sion, similar to that instituted for the Sutlej Medal. This medal was intended for the navy only, but two officers and ninety men of the Sappers and Miners, who served on board the flagship, received AND DECORATIONS. 95 it, with their names and regiments indented on the edge. The Sultan of Turkey issued a medal to the English, French, and Sardinian soldiers and sailors Turkish Medal engaged in the war. On the obverse is a field-piece, for the r Crimea. over which is spread a map of the Crimea. The cannon is standing upon the Russian flag, and a mortar and anchor are alorrgside; behind are grouped the English, French, Sardinian, and Turkish flags; and in the exergue of the medal designed for the English troops is the word Crimea, and the date, j#55. The reverse has the Sultan's cypher, inclosed in a laurel-wreath ; the word Crimea, in Turkish characters, is below, and the date of the Hegira, 1271. The obverse of the medals differs in the arrange- ment of the flags, according to the nation for which the medal was intended. On the English medal, the flags of Great Britain and Turkey are in front, with those of France and Sardinia in the rear. The French medal has the flags of France and Turkey in front, with the Sardinian and English behind; in the exergue are the words, La Crimee 1^55. The Sar- dinian medal has the national flag, with that of Turkey, to the fore, with those of France and England in the rear; below, La Crimea 1^55. Owing to the wreck of the ship conveying the majority of the English medals the others were issued indis- criminately to the troops, without regard to nationality, consequently many English soldiers and sailors received the French or Sardinian medal instead of the one originally intended for them. They were issued without names or regiments on them, and were worn with a crimson watered-silk ribbon with bright green edges. The original ribbon was only Jin. wide. 96 BRITISH WAR MEDALS These medals were somewhat roughly executed, and a die was made in England similar in design, but better finished, and medals struck from it were distributed to officers in place of those issued by the Turkish Government. The Turkish General Service Medal (not struck Danube specially for Crimean services) was awarded by the 1855' Sultan to Colonel Simmons and sixteen men of the loth Company Royal Engineers, and also to the officers and thirty men of the crew of a gunboat, for services on the Danube. The obverse has the Sultan's cypher within a circle, on either side of which are flags and laurel-branches, surmounted by a crescent and star. The reverse has a large elliptical star of twelve points, in the centre of which is a smaller one of six points. Below is a scroll, with a small star at each end, and underneath is another star, surrounded by olive-branches. Upon the scroll is the Persian inscription : Mischani Iftikhar (the decoration, or mark of honour, or glory). The ribbon is the same as that for the previous medal. The medals given to the late Colonel (afterwards Field-Marshal Sir John Lintorn) Simmons and to Commander H. Carr-Glyn, R.N., and other officers, were of gold; the others of silver. All were, however, of the same size and design. Very few Turkish officers received the medal in gold, as it was found to be too expensive, and after the issue to the British officers it was stopped. Medals — seven in all — were awarded to British a officers in command of Turkish troops, for the defence 1855' of Silistria. One was given, in gold, to the late Sir J. L. Simmons, the remaining six officers receiving silver medals. On the obverse is the Sultan's cypher, AND DECORATIONS. 97 within a wreath of laurel and oak. On the reverse is a representation of the city of Silistria; and below, the date of the Hegira, 1271 (1854). The ribbon was crimson, with green edges. A silver medal for the Defence of Kars was given to Sir Fenwick Williams, and the officers under him ; also to an artillery soldier-servant. The obverse was l855- exactly the same as that ol the previous medal, but the reverse had a view of the city of Kars, and below, the year of the Hegira, 1272 (1855). The ribbon was the same as for the foregoing medal. Owing to the small number of medals issued, the last three are very rare, if given to British soldiers. The King of Sardinia conferred a medal for services in the Crimea upon 400 selected officers, non-com- missioned officers, and men of the army, and fifty sailors and marines. The obverse has the arms of Savoy, surmounted by the crown of Sardinia and sur- rounded by a wreath of palm, and olive-branches. Above is the legend, Al valor e militare. On the re- verse is a laurel-wreath, within which are engraved the recipient's name and regiment. Around the wreath are the words, Spedizione d'Oriente, i#5J- 1856. The ribbon is dark blue watered-silk, and the medal was fitted with a loop for suspension. A list of the recipients is given in the Appendix. The Decoration of the French Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour was given by the Emperor Legion of Napoleon III. to a number of officers and men of the army and navy who had distinguished themselves during the Crimean War. There were five classes of the cross distributed, according to the rank of the recipients. The majority received the fifth class, which consists of a silver star H g8 BRITISH WAR MEDALS of ten points, covered on both sides with white enamel, fixed upon an enamelled green laurel-wreath, j The centre is silver-gilt, and has a head of the Emperor Napoleon I., surrounded by a blue enamelled band, inscribed, in gold letters, Napoleon \ Emp. des Frangais. The centre of the reverse is also j silver-gilt, and has the French Imperial eagle, sur- rounded by a blue enamelled band, bearing the legend, in gold letters, Honneur et Paine. A large .silver imperial crown and ring are attached for sus- pension. The ribbon is of crimson watered-silk. The other classes are of the same design, but are made of gold instead of silver, and vary in size. Another medal was given by the French Emperor French to 5oo non-commissioned officers and men of the army for distinguished gallantry. Only two officers scipline< received it r namely, H.R.H. the Duke of Cambridge and Sir William Codrington. The latter was pre- sented by Marshal Pelissier with his own medal. A list of the recipients is given in the Appendix. The medal is silver-gilt, and consists of a laurel wreath, in the centre of which is a bust of the Emperor Napoleon III., surrounded by a blue enamelled circle, inscribed, in gilt letters, Louis Napoleon. On the reverse, within a blue enamelled circle, are the words Valeur et discipline; the whole is surmounted by the French imperial eagle, with outspread wings; and a ring is fitted for suspension. The medal is worn with a wide, watered-silk orange ribbon with green edges. The recipient's name was engraved in italics in the exergue of the reverse. The Sultan of Turkey awarded the Order of the order Medjidie to upwards of a thousand officers of tin * British army and navy, for services in the Crime; • AND DECORATIONS. 99 Five classes of this Order were issued, according to the rank of the recipient. It consists of a silver star of seven points, between which are seven small crescents and stars of five points. The fifth class has a silver convex centre, encircled by a gold band enamelled crimson. The band is inscribed, in Turkish, with the words, Zeal, Devotion, Fidelity, 1268* (1852 — the date of the in- stitution of the Order). A gold crescent and star, enamelled crimson, forms the suspender. The reverse is plain, and the ribbon is crimson with green edges. The first, second, third, and fourth classes are of the same design, but are larger, and have gold centres instead of silver. The first, second, and third are worn with a ribbon round the neck instead of on the left breast like the fourth and lowest classes. The first and second classes have in addition a star of similar design, which is worn on the left, and right sides respectively. This decoration was also given to a number of officers above the rank of captain, for services in the Egyptian War of 1882 and the subsequent Soudan expeditions. The next medal issued by our Government was that for the war in Persia in 1856-7. It was authorised Persia, by a General Order, dated April i2th, 1858. The' India Genera] Service Medal of 1854 was used, as instituted for the second war in Burma, but with the word Persia on the bar. It was also given to the crews of the ships of the Indian marine. The following British regiments were present : i-jth Hipht Dragoons; 64th and 78th Foot. INDIAN: 3rd Bombay Cavalry; Poona Horse; ist Scinde Horse; 2nd Bombay Europeans; Bombay Sappers and Miners; 2nd, 3rd, H 2 ioo BRITISH WAR MEDALS 4th, 5th, 8th, nth, i5th, 2oth, 22nd, 23rd, 25th, 26th, 28th, and 29th Bombay Infantry. We now come to the medal given for services Indian during the Indian Mutiny (1857-8). It was granted isSS by a General Order, dated August i8th, 1858. There were five bars issued, namely : i. Delhi, 3oth May to i4th 3. Relief of Lucknow, September, 1857. November, 1857. 2*- Defence of Lucknow, 2Qth 4. Lucknow, 2nd to 2ist \ June to 25th September, March, 1858. 1857. 5. Central India, January to June, 1858. They were ijin. long by fin. wide at the ends, and reduced to Jin. wide in the middle. The ends are 1 "fish-tailed," and the letters are in raised capitals, j The bars are attached to the medal by an ornamental curved clasp and swivel. Four was the greatest number of bars issued on one medal, mainly to the ist Bengal Artillery, and ' three bars were given only to the gth Lancers and Bengal Horse Artillery. The medal is silver, i.4in. diameter, and has on the obverse the diademed head of the Queen, sur- I mounted by Victoria Regina. On the reverse is a figure of Britannia standing, holding a wrreath in her outstretched right hand; on her left arm is an oval shield with the crosses of the Union on it; behind her stands the British lion ; the word India is above, and the date, 1857-1858, in the exergue. The ribbon is scarlet and white in alternate stripes, two of scarlet and three of white, ijin. wide. The name and regiment, or ship, of the recipient, were indented in small capital letters on the edge of the medal. The following is a list of the various combinations of bars issued with the medal, and is arranged witl AND DECORATIONS. 101 the bar for the first action commemorated farthest from the medal : FOUR BARS. Two BARS (continued). Central India, Lucknow, Central India, Defence of Relief of Lucknow, Delhi. Lucknow. Central India, Lucknow. THREE BARS. Central India, Delhi. Lucknow, Relief of Lucknow, Lucknow Delhi. Delhi. • Relief of Lucknow, Defence Central' India, Lucknow, Re- of Lucknow. lief of Lucknow. ONE BAR. Central India. Two BARS. Relief of Lucknow. Relief of Lucknow, Delhi. Defence of Lucknow. Lucknow, Relief of Lucknow. Delhi. Lucknow, Defence of Luck- Lucknow. now. MEDAL WITHOUT BAR. The medal was also granted to the Naval Brigade, consisting of detachments from H.M.S. " Pearl " and "Shannon" and H.E.I.C.V. "Calcutta" and " Sans Pareil," and had the following bars : Two BARS. — Lucknow. Relief of Lucknow. ONE BAR. — Lucknow. Relief of Lucknow. MEDAL WITHOUT BAR. — To the officers and men of the " Pearl " Brigade. The medals for the Defence of Lucknow awarded to the 32nd Foot, under Colonel Inglis, are most prized by collectors, on account of its heroic action. This was the last medal given by the Honourable East India Company, which shortly afterwards ceased to exist. The following British regiments received the medal : 7th Hussars, gth Lancers, 8th Hussars, i2th Lancers, i4th Hussars; 5th, 8th, loth, i3th, 23rd, 32nd, 34th, 38th, 42nd, 52nd, 53rd, 6oth, 6ist, 64th, 7ist, 72nd, 75th, 78th, 79th, 8oth, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 86th, 88th, goth, 93rd, 95th, 97th, loist, I02nd, io4th, and io8th Foot; and the Rifle Brigade. 102 BRITISH WAR MEDALS By a General Order, dated March 6th, 1861, Her china, Majesty granted a medal to the troops engaged in ° the war in China, 1857-60. The obverse of the medal is the same as that used for the first Chinese War (see page 59) ; and the reverse is similar, but with the date, 184.2, left out of the exergue. The ribbon also is the same — crimson with yellow edges, i Jin. wide. When this medal was first issued the ribbon had five stripes ; namely, blue, yellow, red, white, and green. Five bars were issued with this medal to the army and navy — China 184.2, to those who had been in the first war ; Canton i#J7, Taku Forts 1858, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860; and Fatshan 1857, to the navy only. Only one medal was issued with five bars, and that to a gunner in the Royal Marine Artillery. It is now in Lord Cheylesmore's collection, and has bars for Fatshan 1857, Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1858, Taku Forts 1860, and Pekin 1860. The bars and clasp are of the same design as those issued with the Mutiny Medal, and are fastened together by small rivets. The naval mecfals were all issued without the names of the recipients on the edge, but the army received them with the names and regiments indented in small capital letters. The medal with two bars for Pekin 1860 and Taku Forts 1860 given to the ist Dragoon Guards is rare, as only two squadrons of this regiment were present. The following British regiments also took part in the campaigns : Two squadrons ist Dragoon Guards, ist Batt. 3rd Foot, ist, 2nd, 3ist, 44th, sgth, 6oth, 67th, and qgth Foot; Royal Artillery; and Sappers and Miners. There were also present the nth and iqth Bengal Lancers, and the 2oth and 23rd Bengal Infantry. AND DECORATIONS. 103 The combinations of bars issued were as follows, the bar for the earliest action being placed nearest the medal : FIVE BARS. Fatshan 1857, Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1858, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860. China 1842, Fatshan 1857,° Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860. FOUR BARS. China 1842, Fatshan 1857, Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1858. China 1842, Fatshan 1857, Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1860 (naval). China 1842, Fatshan 1857, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860. Fatshan 1857, Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860 (naval). Fatshan 1857, Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1858, Taku Forts 1860. Fatshan 1857, Taku Forts 18 $8, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860. Fatshan 1857, Canton 1857, Taku Forts 18^8, Pekin 1860. Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1858, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860. THREE BARS. Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860 (naval and army). Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1858, Pekin 1860. 1857, 1857, THREE BARS (continued). Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860 (naval). Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1858, Taku Forts 1860. Fatshan 1857, Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1838. Fatshan 1857, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860 (naval). Fatshan 1857, Canton Taku Forts 1860. China 1842, Fatshan Canton 1857. China 1842, Canton Taku Forts 1858 (naval). Taku Forts 1858, Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860. Two BARS. China 1842, Canton 1857 (naval). Taku Forts 1860, Pekin 1860. Fatshan, 1857, Taku Forts 1858. Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1858. Canton 1857, Fatshan 1857. Canton 1857, Taku Forts 1860. Canton 18 tf, Pekin 1860. Taku Forts 1858, Pekin 1860. ONE BAR. Fatshan 1857. Canton 1857. Taku Forts 1858. Pekin 1860. Taku Forts 1860. MEDAL WITHOUT BAR. To the army and navy. 104 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Another medal was designed to commemorate the war in 1842, but it was not issued, as it was thought it might give offence to the Chinese. A few proofs were struck which are occasionally met with. The obverse had the usual head of the Queen, surmounted by the legend, Victoria Regina. On the reverse was the British lion trampling upon the Chinese dragon ; above the legend, Armis expo seer e pacem; and in the exergue, Nanking, 1842. The ribbon was to have been the same as that for the above — crimson with yellow edges. A Royal Warrant, dated July ist, 1869, authorised t^ie ^ssue °^ a third bar with the India General 1849-63. Service Medal of 1854. (described on page 88), in- scribed North-Western Frontier, for services from the year 1849 to 1863. The following is a list of the expeditions for which the medal and bar were given. Vide General Order, No. 71, of 1869 : Expedition to Eusufzye, November 3oth, 1849. British regi- ments : 6oth and 6ist. Expedition to Kohat Pass, February gth, 1850. British regi- ments : 6oth, 6ist, and gSth. Expedition against the potman Kheyl and Ranezai Tribes, May nth, 1852. British regiments : 32nd Foot, and one battery Royal Horse Artillery. Expedition to Punjpoo, Ishakoti, and Deerjai, May i8th, 1852. British regiments : as above, and 53rd Foot. Expedition against the Hussanzaies and the Synds of Khajan, December, 1852 ; January, 1853. 22nd Foot, Guides, and 66th Goorkhas. Expedition against the Kusranees and Shearnees, March, 1853- Expedition against the Boree Afreedies, November 29th, 1853- Expedition to Shah Morseh Keyl against the Mohmund Tribe, August 3ist, 1854. Expedition against the Aka Kheyl and Bussee Kheyl Tribes, March- 27th, 1855. AND DECORATIONS. 105 Expedition against the Meranzie Tribe, April 4th, 1855. Expedition to the Bozdar Hills, March 6th, 1857. British regiments; 8ist and 98th. Expedition to the Sitana, April 22nd, 1858. Expedition against the Cabool Kheyl Wuzzeerees, December i5th, 1859. Expedition against the Mahsood Wuzzeers, April i4th, 1860. Expedition (second) to Eusufzye against the Hussanzaie Tribes in the Black Mountain, October i8th, 1863. (Bar- for Umbeyla). .• Expedition against the Bazotees on the North- West Frontier of India, under General Wilde, 1868. Expeditions against the Mohmund Tribes, December 5th, 1863, to January 2nd, 1864. The European regiments that took part in this expedition, were three troops of the yth Hussars; the 3rd Battalion Rifle Brigade; 79th Highlanders ; and D Battery 5th Brigade Royal Horse Artillery; and various native corps. The issue of a medal for the last expedition was authorised by General Order, No. 98, June i4th, 1884. The medal, described on page 71, was also issued for services, in New Zealand from 1860 to 1866, by New General Order, dated March ist, 1869. It was granted to both Services, and the dates on the reverse correspond with the services of the recipient. Owing to incompleteness in the returns many medals were issued without the dates of the recipients' services on the reverse. The following is a complete list of the dates on the reverse : FOR THE ARJVIY. Medal without date 1860. 1863-1864. on the reverse 1861-1866. 1863. 1845-1847, 1861-1865. 1864-1866. 1860-1861. 1861-1864. 1864-1865. 1860-1863. 1861-1863. 1864. 1860-1864. 1861. 1865-1866. 1860-1865. 1863-1866. 1865. 1860-1866. 1863-1865. 1866. io6 BRITISH WAR MEDALS FOR THE NAVY. 1845-1847. 1847. 1863-1865. 1845-1846. 1860-1861. 1865. 1846. 1 86 1. 1846-1847. 1863-1864. The following British regiments were engaged in the various expeditions from 1860-1866 : i2th, i4th, i8th, 4oth, 43rd, 5oth, 57th, 65th, 68th, and yoth Foot; Royal Engineers; Royal Artillery; and Military Train. The crews of the following ships were engaged : H.M.S. Brisk, Cordelia, Curacoa, Eclipse, Esk, Falcon, Harrier, Himalaya, Iris, Miranda, Niger, Pelorus, and Victoria. A General Order of July ist, 1869, authorised another bar being issued with the India General tan, Service Medal of 1^54, inscribed Umbeyia; and a 6' General Order of April 28th, 1870, granted one for Bhootan, for services in 1864-65-66, and for the Hazara Campaign of 1868. The following troops took part in the campaign in Bhootan : 55th and 8oth British Infantry; 5th and i4th Bengal Cavalry; nth, i2th, i8th, 43rd, and 44th Bengal Infantry; 2nd Goorkhas; and igth, 29th, and 3oth Punjab Infantry. In the Umbeyia Campaign (October to December, 1863), the troops engaged under Major-General Sir Neville Chamberlain were : A squadron of Probyn's Horse; the Guides (infantry and cavalr)') ; half a battery of Royal Artillery ; a mountain mule- battery ; 7th Fusiliers; 7ist and 93rd Highlanders; loist Fusiliers; ist, 3rd, 5th, 6th, and 2oth Punjab Infantry; 4th and 5th Goorkhas ; a company of Native Sappers ; 3rd and i4th Si*khs ; and 23rd and 32nd Punjab Pioneers. In 1860 a medal was granted by Pope Pius IX. to Brigade1 t^lc ^Tls^ Brigade of Volunteers who served under 1860! Major O'Reilly against Garibaldi. Although not, strictly speaking, a medal given to British soldiers, AND DECORATIONS. 107 still, as many of our countrymen received it, it is worthy of a place here. Permission to wear it was neither asked, nor obtained. The medal is of an unusual type, and is made of German silver, plated. Instead of being a solid disc the centre is pierced. Around the outside of the obverse, in the legend : Pro Petri Sede. Pio IX. P. M. A. X. XV. On the reverse, Victoria quae vincit mundum fides nostra. In the centre is an inverted cross, resting upon the head of a serpent. The ribbon is crimson with two white stripes, with narrow yellow edges. The medal was issued without the names of the recipients on the edge, and has a clasp for suspension not unlike that issued with the Crimean Medal. By a General Order, dated December, 1872, another bar, inscribed Looshai, was granted with the India General Service Medal of 1854 for the Looshai Expe- * dition, from December, 1871, to February, 1872, under Generals Nuthall and Bourchier. No British troops were employed, and the medal and bar were only given to native troops and their European officers. The troops engaged were : One battery Peshawar Mountain Artillery; two companies Sappers and Miners; 2nd and 4th Goorkhas; 22nd and 27th Punjab Infantry; 42nd and 44th Assam Infantry; and 100 Police. The next medal is that given for the Abyssinian War, from October 4th, 1867, to April igth, 1868. Abyssinia, It is smaller than, and entirely different in design from, those usually issued, being only ijin. diameter. Another special feature about it is, that instead of the name and regiment or ship of the recipient being engraved or indented on the edge, they are stamped, io8 BRITISH WAR MEDALS in relief, in the centre of the reverse, except on the medals given to the Indian troops, which had the names, &c., engraved. It was awarded to the army and navy. On the obverse is a crowned and veiled bust of Queen Victoria, similar to, though smaller than, that on the New Zealand Medal (see page 71), within a beaded circle. It is surrounded by a star of nine points, the inner angles of which each contain a letter, as follows : A. B. Y. S. S. I. N. I. A. On the reverse is a laurel-wreath, within which are the recipient's name and regiment, or ship, within a beaded circle. An imperial crown and a large silver ring for suspension surmount the medal. The ribbon is i Jin. wide, crimson, with broad white edges. The following regiments received the medal : British: 3rd Dragoon Guards; 4th, 26th, 33rd, and 45th Foot; Royal Artillery and Engineers; besides the Naval Brigade. Native: Scinde Horse; 3rd Bombay Cavalry; loth Bengal Lancers ; I2th Bengal Cavalry ; Bombay and Madras Sappers and Miners; ist, 2nd, 3rd, loth, i8th, 2ist, 25th, and 27th Bombay Native Infantry. Also the crews of the following ships : H.M.S. Argus, Dryad, Daphne, Nymphe, Octavia, Satellite, Star, Spiteful, and Vigilant. On June ist, 1874, a medal was authorised for the Ashantee, war in Ashantee, from June gth, 1873, to February 4' 4th, 1874; and a bar for the Battle of Amoaful, inscribed Coomassie, was given to those present. It is ifin. long by -j^-in. wide, with the word in raised capitals, and is attached to the medal by means of a straight clasp and swivel. On the obverse of the medal, which is silver, 1.4 in diameter, is a head of Her Majesty, with a diadem and veil, surrounded by the legend, Victoria Regina. AND DECORATIONS. 109 The reverse is in high relief, and represents a skirmish in the bush between British infantry and a number of semi-nude Ashantees. This is one of the finest designs amongst our medals, and is the work of E. J. Poynter, P.R.A. The obverse is by Leonard Wyon. The recipient's name and regiment, or ship, and the date, 1^75-74, are engraved on the edge of the medal, and filled in with black colouring matter. The ribbon is ijin. wide, yellow with black edges, and has two narrow black stripes down the centre. The following regiments took part in the cam- paign : 23rd and 42nd Foot; 2nd Battalion Rifle Brigade; 2nd West India Regiment; about 150 men of the Royal Engineers; the Houssa Artillery; and the Naval Brigade of seamen and marines from the following ships : H.M.S. Active, Amethyst, Argus, Barracouta, Beacon, Bittern, Coquette, Decoy, Drome- dary, Druid, Encounter, Himalaya, Merlin, Rattlesnake, Seagull, Simoon, Tamar, and Victor Emmanuel. The number of medals issued to both Services, with and without the bar, was 11,000. Another issue of the India General Service Medal, 1854, was authorised on September ist, 1879, with a perak, bar for Perak, for the campaign in 1875-6 (November l8 2nd to March 2Oth) against the Malays, and by General Order, No. 58, 1881, the grant was extended to the forces engaged against the same tribes from November 27th to December loth, 1874. It was worn with the usual red and blue ribbon, and although the General Order stated that the bar should be Perak i8j$-6, the date was omitted when the bar was issued. The troops taking part in the campaign were : ist Battalion 3rd Foot, and detachments of the loth and 8oth Foot, the Naval Brigade, and Indian troops, with the Royal Artillery and Engineers. no BRITISH WAR MEDALS The crews of H.M.S. Charybdis and Hart received the medal for the operations in 1874, and those of H.M.S. Egeria, Fly, Modeste, Philomel, Ringdove, and Thistle for services in 1876. For the expedition against the Afridis, in 1877-8, an eighth bar was issued with the medal, by an ' Order dated March ist, 1879. The bar was inscribed Joivaki, 1877-78. Only those troops who were engaged between November 9th, 1877, and January i9th, 1878, received the medal and bar. The troops employed in this expedition were : 9th and 5ist Foot; 4th Battalion Rifle Brigade (two com- panies) ; 2oth, 22nd, and 27th Punjab Native Infantry ; i4th Sikhs ; i7th Bengal Cavalry ; two companies Royal Engineers ; one battery each of Field and Horse Artillery. The long series of wars in South Africa, from 1877 south to 1881, was commemorated by medals and bars. 1877-79! The bars are of a novel design, as, instead of bearing the name of a victory, or of an expedition, they merely record the year of service covering all the operations in which the recipient was engaged. They are i^in. long byT5g-in. wide, and are of similar design to those issued with the Sutlej medal, the date being in raised figures. The clasp is also similar. The medal is similar to the South African Medal for 1853 (see page 88); but instead of the date being in the exergue, there are a Zulu shield and four crossed assegais. The ribbon is the same : namely, orange with dark blue broad and narrow stripes, and the names and regiments of the recipients are engraved on the edges of the medal in capital letters. The bars issued were as follows : 1877-8, 1878, 1878-9, 1879, 1877-8-9. The medal was also issued without a bar to the troops who were employed ii Natal from January to September, 1879, but who di< AND DECORATIONS. in not go into Zululand. No one received a medal with more than one bar, and it was awarded to the navy as well as to the army. The troops engaged in the various campaigns were : ist Dragoon Guards (1879) J J7tn Lancers (1879) ; 2nd Battalion 3rd (1879), 4th (1879), i3th (1878-9), 2ist (1879), 24th (1877-8-9), 57th (1879), 58th (1879), 2nd and 3rd Battalions 6oth (1879), 8oth (1878-9), 83rd (1878-9), 88th (1877-8-9), 9Oth (1877-8-9), 9ist (1879), 94th (1877-8-9), 97th (1879), and 99th (1879) Foot; and the crews of H.M.S. Active, Boadicea, Euphrates, Fores- ter, Himalaya, Orontes, Shah, Tamar, and Tenedos. Many memorable incidents occurred in these wars, including the death of the Prince Imperial of France; the annihilation of a portion of the 24th Regiment at Isandlwahna ; the heroic defence of Rorke's Drift ; the capture of Cetewayo, &c. A silver medal, i.4in. diameter, and six bars were issued for actions during the Afghan Wars in 1878-9-80. The obverse has a bust of Her Majesty, with crown, and veiled, and wearing the ribbon of the Garter, surrounded by the legend, Victoria Regina et Imperatrix. The reverse has a British column on the march, accompanied by native cavalry, an officer riding in the foreground; in the centre an elephant, carrying a mountain gun on his back, an infantry soldier marching in front; in the background a mountain, with a fortress on the top; the word Afghanistan above; in the exergue the date 1878-9-80. The ribbon is green with crimson edges, ijin. wide. The name and regiment of the recipient are engraved on the edge in capital letters on medals given to British soldiers, and in running hand on those given to natives. The following were the bars issued : ii2 BRITISH WAR MEDALS 1. All Musjid, 2 ist November, 1878. 2. Peiwar Kotal, 2nd December, 1878. 3. Charasia, 6th October, 1879. 4. Ahmed Khel, igth April, 1880. 5. Kabul, ioth-23rd December, 1879, an^ 9th August, 1880. 6. Kandahar, ist September, 1880. They are if in. long by -^-in. wide, with square ends, and have the name in the centre in raised capitals on a frosted ground, and with a border of two raised burnished lines. They are fastened to- gether by means of large, round-headed rivets, and are attached to the medal by a straight clasp and swivel. The following troops were present at the under- mentioned battles : ALI-MUSJID. — British: loth Hussars; i7th, 5ist, and 8ist Foot; 4th Battalion Rifle Brigade; and four batteries of Artillery. Native: nth Bengal Lancers; 6th, i4th, 2oth, 27th, and 45th Bengal Infantry; ist Sikhs; 4th Goorkhas; and Bengal Sappers and Miners. PEIWAR-KOTAL. — British: 8th and 72ndl Foot; and one squadron loth Hussars. Native: i2th Bengal Cavalry; 23rd and 2gth Bengal Infantry; 5th Goorkhas; 2nd and 5th Punjab Infantry. CHARASIA. — British: gth Lancers; 67th, 72nd, and 92nd Foot; one battery Royal Horse Artillery ; one battery Royal Artillery ; and two mountain batteries. Native: I2th Bengal Cavalry; I4th Bengal Lancers ; 5th Punjab Cavalry ; Bengal Sappers and Miners ; 23rd and 28th Bengal Infantry ; 5th Goorkhas ; and 5th Punjab Infantry. AHMED KHEL. — British: 59th Foot; 2nd Battalion 6oth Rifles; and one battery of Artillery. Native: igth Bengal Lancers; ist Punjab Cavalry; 2nd Sikhs; I5th, igth, and 25th Bengal Infantry. The troops engaged in the various actions before KABUL in December, 1879, were : British: gth Lancers; gth, 67th, 72nd, and 92nd Foot. Native : i2th Bengal Cavalry ; i4th Bengal Lancers ; 5th Punjab Cavalry; 23rd and 28th Bengal Infantry; 2nd, 4th, and 5th AND DECORATIONS. 113 Goorkhas; 5th Punjab Infantry; two batteries of Punjab Artillery; and Bengal Sappers and Miners. KANDAHAR. — British: Qth Lancers; yth, 6oth, 66th, y2nd, and 92nd Foot; and three batteries of Artillery. Native: 3rd Bengal Cavalry; 3rd Bombay Cavalry; 3rd Punjab Cavalry; 3rd Scinde Horse; Central India Horse; Poona Horse; isth, 23rd, 24th, and 25th Bengal Infantry; ist, 4th, igth, 28th, and th Bombay Infantry; 2nd, 4th, and 5th Goorkhas; 2nd and 3rd Sikhs. £ A bronze decoration was issued to all who took part in General Roberts 's memorable march from Kabul to Kandahar, from August gth to 3ist, 1880. It is in the form of a five-pointed star (i.gin. from point to point), with radiations, and in the inner angles a small ball. In the centre is the imperial monogram, V.R.I., and, on a band encircling it, Kabul to Kandahar, 1880. The reverse is plain with a hollow centre, round which the recipient's name and regiment are indented in capital letters, on the medals given to British soldiers ; and are engraved either in capitals or in running hand, on those given to Natives; an imperial crown and ring are attached for suspension. The ribbon worn with this medal is the " rainbow " ribbon of the earlier Indian medals, but unwatered and only ijin. wide. The following is a list of the combinations of the bars, which are arranged to read upwards from the medal : FOUR BARS. THREE BARS. Ali-Mnsjid, Charasia, Kabul, Charasia, Kabul, Kandahar. Kandahar. Peiwar - Kotal, Charasia, , Infantry, and the 23rd Two BARS. Punjab 'Pioneers. Peiwar-Kotal, Kandahar. ii4 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Two BARS (continued). Peiwar-Kotal, Charasia. Ali-Musjid, Peiwar-Kotal. Peiwar-Kotal, Kabul. Ali-Musjid, Kandahar. Charasia, Ahmed-Khel. Ali-Musjid, Kabul. Charasia, Kabul. Ahmed Khel, Kandahar. Charasia, Kandahar. Kabul, Kandahar. ONE BAR. Ali-Musjid. Peiwar-Kotal. Kabul. Ahmed-Khel. Charasia. Kandahar. MEDAL WITHOUT BAR. Given to officers and men not present at any of the actions for which separate bars were given. The following1 regiments received it: 6th Dragoon Guards; 8th and i$th Hussars; i2th, i4th, i5th, lyth, 25th, 3ist, 53rd, and 63rd Foot. Several men of the 65th Foot then serving in Bengal, were sent up to the front as signallers. Five of them received the Afghan medal with bars for Peiwar-Kotal, Charasia, Kabul, and Kandahar, and the Roberts Star. Others received the medal with three bars ; and some who were in the second phase of the campaign received the medal without bar. The following British regiments took part in the campaign : 6th Dragoon Guards; 8th, loth, and i5th Hussars; gth Lancers; 5th, 7th, 8th, gth, nth, i2th, i4th, i5th, i;th, i8th, 25th, 5ist, 53rd, 59th, 6oth, 63rd, 66th, 6;th, 7oth, 72nd, 78th, 8ist, and 92nd Foot; and the Rifle Brigade. After the conclusion of the Egyptian War, in 1882, Egypt and by a General Order issued on October i7th, a silvei S°882a-5! medal, i.4in. diameter, was granted to the troops engaged. On the obverse is a head of the Queen, with diadem, and veiled, somewhat similar to that 01 the Ashantee Medal, and surrounded by the legend, Victoria Regina et Imperatrix. The 'reverse has fine representation of the Sphinx, on an ornament pedestal, with the word Egypt above, and the date AND DECORATIONS. 115 — 1882 — below. The ribbon has alternate stripes of blue and white — three blue and two white — ijin. wide. The name and regiment, or ship, of the recipient are engraved on the edge in capital letters, and some of the medals given to the Royal Marines had the names, &c., indented. Two bars were issued with this medal — Alexandria, nth July, and Tel-el-Kebir (i3th September, 1882), of the same design as those issued with the Afghan medal, and with similar rivets and attachment to the medal. The first bar was given to the seamen and marines who landed in Alexandria after the bombard- ment ; and the latter to all those who were present at Tel-el-Kebir, including a Naval Brigade of 200 sea- men and marines. When additional bars were won from time to time, the recipient returned those already received, and a complete new set was issued. Thus the rivets on all genuine medals are always the same. After the Soudan War, in 1884, a similar medal was issued to the combined Services, but with the Soudan, date left out of the exergue on the reverse. Four bars were issued with it. (i) Suakin, 1884, to all those who landed at Suakin or Trinkitat between February iQth and March 26th, 1884, both dates inclusive, and who had previously received the medal for the 1882 campaign < Those who had not been awarded it received only the medal without date in the exergue. (2) El-Teb — Tamaai, to all those who were present at the above battles on February 29th and March i3th, 1884. (3) El-Teb, to those who were only present at this battle. (4) Tamaai, to those who were only in this action. The ribbon was the same as that for the previous medal. Only those troops who had previously received the I 2 n6 BRITISH WAR MEDALS medal for 1882 were given the bar for Suakin, 1884. It, therefore, only appears, either separately or in conjunction with others, on the medal with the date, 1882, in the exergue. On the conclusion of the second Soudan War, in second 1885, the medal was again issued to the troops and °war" Naval Brigade, with five additional bars. The 5 following is the wording of the General Order : (i.) The Queen has been graciously pleased to signify her pleasure that a medal be granted to all Her Majesty's forces employed in the recent operations in the Soudan, in commemo- ration of their arduous labours in the ascent of the river Nile, and their gallantry in the operations which ensued ; and also for the operations in the Eastern Soudan, in the vicinity of Suakin. (2.) The medal will be similar in pattern to that already granted for service in Egypt and the Soudan. (3) Individuals already in possession of the decoration specified in paragraph 2 will only be eligible to receive such of the clasps specified hereafter as they may be entitled to. (4.) All officers and soldiers who served south of Assouan on or before 7th March, 1885, will be held to be entitled to the medal, except those who are already in possession of it. (5.) All officers and soldiers who were on duty at Suakin between 27th March, 1884, and i4th May, 1885, will also be entitled to the medal, except those already in possession of it. (6.) Her Majesty has further approved of clasps being issued as follow : A clasp, in- scribed The Nile, 1884-5, to those officers and soldiers who served south of Assouan on or before March yth, 1885. A clasp, inscribed Abu Klea, to those officers and soldiers who took part in the action fought there on I7th Jan., 1885, under the late Major-General Sir H. Stewart, K.C.B. A clasp, inscribed Kirbekan, to those officers and soldiers who took part in the action fought there on the loth Feb., 1885, under the late Major-General Earle, C.B., C.S.I. A clasp, inscribed Suakin, 1885, to those officers and soldiers who were engaged in the operations at Suakin between the ist March and i4th May, 1885, both days inclusive. A clasp, inscribed Tofrek, to those officers and men who were actually present at the action fought there on the 22nd March, 1885. The ribbon was blue and white, like that for the two previous medals. No medals were issued wit single bars for Tofrek, Abu Klea, or Kirbekan; in the former case, all recipients were entitled to th< AND DECORATIONS. 117 bar for Suakin, 1885, and in the two latter to that for The Nile, 1884-5. The names and regiments, or ships, of the recipients were engraved on the edge of the medal in capital letters. Medals without bars were given for the three campaigns to those who had not been in action, but who were in any way con- nected with the expeditions. Officers of the hired transports; a few civilians^ European and native, the Australian contingent, and the Canadian boatmen hired to navigate the boats through the Nile rapids, also received the medal and bar. The medal, without bar, and the Khedive's star men- tioned below, were issued to all officers and men who Soudan, served at, and to the south of, Wady Haifa between l8 November^oth, 1885, and January nth, 1886, pro- vided they had not already received them for any of the previous campaigns. This expedition included the Battle of Ginniss, for which no bar was given. A General Order, dated January 2nd, 1890, autho- rised a further issue of the Soudan medal with a bar, soudan, inscribed Gemaizah, 1888, to all troops who l8 were landed at Suaki'n before the action of Gemaizah on December 2Oth, 1888, and were there on that day. It also directed that the same medal should be granted to all troops who were employed on the Nile at and south of Korosko on August 3rd, 1889; and that a bar, inscribed Toski, 1889, be given to all who were present at that action on August 3rd. Those officers and men who had already received the Soudan medal received the new bars only. In addition to the medal issued by our own Govern- ment, the Khedive of Egypt presented a decoration Khedi to every officer and man, naval and military, who was ii8 BRITISH WAR MEDALS entitled to the English medal. It is in the form of a five-pointed bronze star, i.gin. diameter, suspended from a ring between two of the points. A laureated bar, on which are a crescent and five-pointed small star, is attached, for suspension from the ribbon. In the centre of the obverse is a front view of the Sphinx, with the desert and three Pyramids in the rear, sur- rounded by a circle, upon wjhich are the words, Egypt, 1882, above, and below, in Arabic letters, Khedive of Egypt, 1299. On the reverse is a large raised circle, in which is the Khedive's monogram, T. M., surmounted by a crown and crescent and star. The ribbon was navy blue, ijin. wide. The decoration was issued without the name of the recipient on the reverse, but many of them had their name and regiment stamped, or engraved. The stars given for the 1884 and 1885 campaigns were of the same design, except that upon the circle on the obverse the words are Egypt, 1884; or Egypt, 1884-6, with Khedive of Egypt, 1301, and Khedive of Egypt, 1301-4, respectively, in Arabic characters below. The 1884-5 star was not issued until some time after the English medal had been awarded, as originally it was not intended to give the decoration for that campaign. In 1890-91, a further issue of the bronze star was Khedive's made to all troops engaged in the operations near B8"9< Suakin in 1888-9, and on the Nile in 1889. The star is of similar pattern to those previously issued, but bears no date upon it. It was only given to those who had not received any of the stars previously issued, and, fewer having been given, it is conse- quently the rarest of the series. In October, 1893, a further issue of the Khedive's AND DECORATIONS. 119 star took place. It had no date, and was similar to Tokar, the last one issued. A bronze bar was, however, ' added above the usual suspender, on which in Arabic characters are the name and date of the action for which the star was granted, namely, Tokar, 1890. The officers and men of H.M.S. " Dolphin " and " Sandfly," who were engaged on transport duty, received it, and also British officers serving in the Egyptian Army, but the silver medal was not given for this action. Those already in possession of any of the stars previously issued received the bar only. A large number of officers — above the rank of captain — were given the Order of the Medjidie for these campaigns, the class varying with the rank of l882 the recipient. Permission was subsequently granted to receive and wear this decoration, and also the various classes of the Osmanieh, given at the same time. The following are the combination of the bars, as far as known to the author, but as very many of the men were in two, and in some cases three, cam- paigns, the variety of the combinations of the bars is very great. Captain Beech, late 2Oth Hussars, had the medal with seven bars, the only one issued. Six BARS. FIVE BARS. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, El- Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, El- Teb— Tamaai, The Nile 1884- Teb, The Nile 1884-85, Kir- 85, Abu Klea, Suakin 1885. bekan. Given to four men of the Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, El- igth Hussars, who were Teb — Tamaai, The Nile 1884- Lord Wolseley's orderlies, #5, Abu Klea. and after the battles of Abu Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, El- Klea and Kirbekan went Teb — Tamaai, The Nile 1884- \\ith Lord Wolseley to #5, Kirbekan. Suakin, and so got the bar Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, El- for Suakin 1885 in addition Teb, The Nile 1884-85, Abu- to the usual five. Klea. 120 BRITISH WAR MEDALS FIVE BARS (continued). Tel-el-Kebir, The Nile 1884-8$, Abu-Klea, Gemaizah 1888, Toski 1889. FOUR BARS. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, El- Teb—Tamaai, The Nile 1884- 8$. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, Ta- maai, The Nile, 1884-85, Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, El- Teb — Tamaai, Suakin 1885, Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, El- ^ Teb, The Nile 1884-85. Suakin 1 885, T of rek, Gemaizah 1888, Toski 1889. Alexandria nth July, Suakin 1884, Suakin 1885, Tofrek. Alexandria nth July, Suakin 1884, El-Teb— Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85. Alexandria nth July, Suakin 1884, El-Teb, The Nile 1884-85. Alexandria nth July, Suakin 1884, El-Teb— Tamaai, Sua- kin, 1885. Alexandria nth July, Tel-el- Kebir, Suakin 1884, El-Teb — Tamaai (naval medal only) Suakin, 1884, El-Teb — Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85, Abu Klea. Suakin, 1884, El-Teb— Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan. Suakin 1884, El-Teb, The Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan. Suakin, 1884, El-Teb — Tamaai, Suakin 1885, Tofrek. El-Teb— Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85, Abu Klea, Gemaizah 1888. Tofrek, Suakin 1885, Gemaizah 1888, Toski 1889. THREE BARS. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, El- Teb — Tamaai. THREE BARS (continued). Tel-el-Kebir, The Nile 1884-85, Abu Klea. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1885, To- frek. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, El- Teb. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, Tamaai. Tel-el-Kebir, The Nile 1884-85, Suakin 1885. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884, Suakin 1885. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1885, Gemaizah 1888. Tel-el-Kebir, The Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan. Tel-el-Kebir, El-Teb, Suakin 1885. Alexandria nth July, The Nile 1884-85, Abu Klea. Alexandra nth July, Tel-el- Kebir, Suakin 1884. Alexandria nth July, Suakin 1884, El-Teb. Alexandria nth July, Suakin 1884, El Teb — Tamaai. Alexandria nth July, Suakin 1884, Suakin 1885. Alexandria nth July, Tel-el- Kebir, The Nile 1884-85. Alexandria nth July, Suakin 1885, Tofrek. Alexandria nth July, The Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan. El-Teb, The Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan. El-Teb— Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85, Abu Klea. El-Teb— Tamaai, Suakin 1885, Tofrek. El-Teb — Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan. Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85, Abu Klea. Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85, Kirbekan. AND DECORATIONS. 121 THREE BARS (continued). Tamaai, Suakin 188$, Tofrek. Suakin 1885, Tofrek, Gemai- zah, 1888. Suakin 1884, The Nile 1884-85, Abu-Klea. Suakin 1884, El-Teb, The Nile 1884-85. Suakin 1884, El Teb— Tamaai, Suakin 1885. Suakin 1884, El-Teb, Suakin 1885. Suakin 1884, El Tcb— Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85. Suakin 1884, Tofrek, Gemai- zah 1888. Suakin 1885, Gemaizah 1888, Toski 1889. The Nile 1884-85, Gemaizah 1888, Toski 1889. The Nile 1884-85, Suakin 1885, Kirbekan. Two BARS. Alexandria nth July, Tel-el- Kebir. Alexandria nth July, Suakin 1884. Alexandria nth July, Suakin 1885. Tel-el-Kebir. Alexandria nth July. Suakin 1884. El-Teb — Tamaai. El-Teb. Two BARS (continued). Alexandria nth July, The Nile 1884-85. Suakin 1884, El-Teb— Tamaai. Suakin 1884, El-Teb. Suakin 1884, Tamaai. Suakin 1884, Gemaizah 1888. Suakin 1884, Suakin 1885. Suakin 1885, Tofrek. Suakin 1885, Gemaizah 1888. Suakin 1885, Toski 1889. El-Teb, The Nile 1884-85. El-Teb— Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85. El-Teb— Tamaai, Suakin 1885. El-Teb, The Nile 1884-85. El-Teb, Suakin 1885. Tamaai, Suakin 1885. Tamaai, The Nile 1884-85. The Nile 1884-85. Abu Klea. The Nile 1884-85. Kirbekan. The Nile 1884-85. Suakin 1885. The Nile 1884-85, Gemaizah 1888. Tel-el-Kebir, The Nile 1884-85. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1884. Tel-el-Kebir, Suakin 1885. Gemaizah 1888, Toski 1889. ONE BAR. Tamaai. Suakin 1885. The Nile, 1884-85. Gemaizah 1888. Toski 1889. MEDALS WITHOUT BARS, FOR 1882, 1884, 1885, AND 1885-6. The following regiments took part in the various campaigns : Three squadrons of the ist and 2nd Life Guards and Royal Horse Guards ; 2nd Battalion Grenadier Guards, 2nd Battalion Coldstream Guards, ist Battalion Scots Guards ; 5th Lancers ; loth, igth, and 2oth Hussars; 4th and yth Dragoon Guards; 122 BRITISH WAR MEDALS 2nd Battalion Royal Irish, East Surrey, Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry, Royal Sussex, South Staffordshire, Royal Highlanders (Black Watch), Essex, Sherwood Foresters, Royal Berkshire, Royal West Kent, Shropshire Light Infantry, 3rd Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps, Manchester, York and Lancaster, Highland Light Infantry, Seaforth Highlanders, Gordon Highlanders, Cameron Highlanders, and the Royal Irish Fusiliers. In addition to these were 7270 men of the Indian Contingent, the Australian Contingent, the Naval Brigade, the Mounted Infantry, and the Light and Heavy Camel Corps, formed of drafts from most of the cavalry regiments. The following troops took part in the under- mentioned battles : TEL-EL-KEBIR. — Detachments of the ist and 2nd Life Guards and Royal Horse Guards ; 4th and 7th Dragoon Guards ; igth Hussars; one Battalion each of the Grenadier, Coldstream, and Scots Fusilier Guards ; i8th, 42nd, 46th, 6oth, 72nd, 74th, 75th, 79th, 84th, and 87th Foot; a Naval Brigade; a Battalion of Marines, and Marine Artillery. Native : 2nd, 6th, and i3th Bengal Cavalry; 7th Bengal Infantry; 2oth Punjab Infantry; and 29th Belooches. EL-TEB. — 328 men of the loth Hussars; 410 of the igth Hussars; 126 Mounted Infantry; 126 Artillerymen, with twenty-six guns ; 162 men of the Naval Brigade, with eight guns; the King's Royal Rifle Corps, Gordon Highlanders, Irish Rifles, Black Watch; Marine Light Infantry; Marine Artillery; 100 Royal Engineers; and ist Battalion York and Lancaster Regiment. In all 4206 men. TAMAAI. — The Black Watch, York and Lancaster Regiment; Royal Marines ; Naval Brigade ; Royal Irish Fusiliers, Gordon Highlanders, King's Royal Rifle Corps; one squadron of the loth and i9th Hussars ; Artillery ; and 26th Company Royal Engineers. TOFREK. — The Berkshire Regiment; one Battalion of Marines; one squadron of the 5th Lancers and 2oth Hussars; the Naval Brigade, with four guns ; the Indian Brigade ; and a detachment of Royal Engineers. ABU-KLEA. — igth Hussars; Mounted Infantry; Heavy Camel Corps ; Sussex Regiment ; the Naval Brigade, with three guns ; Royal Artillery ; and a detachment of Royal Engineers. NILE EXPEDITION. — Heavy Camel Corps ; igth Hussars ; i8th Royal Irish, Sussex Regiment, Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry, Essex Regiment, Royal West Kent Regiment, Black Watch, Gordon Highlanders, Cameron Highlanders, South Staffordshire Regiment ; and the Naval Brigade. AND DECORATIONS. 123 KIRBEKAN.— South Staffordshire Regiment, ist Battalion Bla.ck Watch; a squadron of the igth Hussars; two guns of the Artillery. In all about 1200 men, including a small Naval detachment with a Maxim gun. GEMAIZAH. — 20th Hussars; Mounted Infantry; the King's Own Scottish Borderers, the Welsh Regiment, Royal Irish Rifles, besides a number of Egyptian Troops; and the Naval Brigade from H.M.S. Starling and Racer; and seventeen officers and men of 24th Company Royal Engineers. TOSKI. — The only British Troops engaged were a detach- ment of the 20th Hussars. One hundred and fifty-four officers, non-commissioned officers, and men of the 2oth Hussars were engaged at the last two battles ; four officers and seventy-seven men received the bars for both battles ; one officer and fifty- five men that for Gemaizah ; and one officer and sixteen men that for Toski. The following men-of-war took part in the Bom- bardment of Alexandria : H.M.S. Alexandra, Inflexible, Invincible, Monarch, Pene- lope, Sultan, Superb, Temeraire, and the gunboats Beacon, Bittern, Condor, Cygnet, and Decoy; and the despatch vessel Helicon. The crews of the following ships received the bar for Suakin, 1884: H.M.S. Arab, Briton, Gary spit, Decoy, Dryad, Euryalus, Hecla, Humber, Sumna, Orontes, Ranger, Serapis, and Sphinx. A silver medal, i.4in. diameter^was issued by the Imperial Government to the Canadian troops who North-west were engaged in suppressing " Kiel's Rebellion," in 1885. North- West Canada, in 1885. The obverse is pre- cisely the same as that for the Egyptian medal just described, and on the reverse are the words, North- West Canada, 1885, surrounded by a wreath of maple- leaves; the ribbon is slate-grey, with two scarlet stripes, ijin. wide. The medal was issued without the names of the recipients, and these were added either by them or by the officers of the regiments. No British troops were engaged in this expedition. »\ $124 BRITISH WAR MEDALS «*".*> - ,. CO I-H 3 •4-1 d ^ 3^> § ** "§ ^ r?S ~ c £ U X O ^> "*"* i-l O jg 3 Jd iO 03 " -t-> C 00 < 4J tg ^ S-. ^ ^ tS O ^ " o -c £ "> o °2 .'on M °° "3J i — • £ ^ *^ S ^ o O (U Q J3 ^ 13 ^ Jr "o O i °~* C ^^ C *£ ^ rt 3 3 ..* | § E £ 3 £ o « O [T 1 i*^ QJ *-i pi q) ^ C H1 C Ou iS M <-H i2 5 1^\ ctf ^^n r\r ^"^ rr^ * *™^ <^ cr* C/3 H < C^ • S S 0) 1 ^1 ^ 5 ^ o oo • ,*""! HH U i i i i I <: ^ a; ^3 oo T3 fW o r$- "S" U Ui ^ U 3 3 3 3 8 CL ^ ^* PM O " ' "o ^ g . ^ j] !? S £*» CQ CQ OQ CQ General Orders. MILITARY DE MEDALS— No. 971. — The Viceroy and Governo: inouncing to the Army that Her Majest; raciously pleased to approve of the grant nscribed Burma, 1889-92, and Lushai, >llowers who were employed in the operatic ates specified in Column 3 of that Appendix His Excellency the Commander-in-Chic diary orders for the submission of meda iven in the War Office Army Order, No. IS °^ c« cfl (A) ^ D rT _c °^ •5 oo « S B C/J C .2 1 I C o C/3 NAME OF EXPEDITION OR COLUMN. oukhau Expedition — Brigadier-General G. B. Wolseley, C.B., Commanding onhon Expedition — Major J. E. Blundell, ist Batta- lion Hampshire Regiment, Commanding hetta Column — Captain P. M. Canergy, 2nd Batta- lion 4th Gurkha Rifles, Commanding hinbok Column— Captain E. S. Hastings, D.S.O., 32nd (4th Burma) Madras Infantry, Commanding lomeik Column— Major R. E. Kelsall, afterwards 5 U)-= £ -o £ bo 1-} Pi H H U i*2 AND DECORATIONS. 129 C ^T rf "a O C i « B G "tfj i I-M "So c< 9s OQ oo .^* ' f *5> 00 ^ .S Q 6\ r * *• f i f 3 *o C CO CO >H _, "\ _rj c ro ,Q "C *^ 0~ 10 o H • CO o *—^ J^ ^^ , 'S i— ~ OH 0 0 < „ Jg o^ C c3 4-> —^ -— p 0 — . ^ f'' ^. *" *• +i OJ Q o -*-J PO •£. c^ ^~ .J 2 ON o ON cJ ^_O Q o £ £ i§ CN c3 3 *<3 J3 ^3 J3 3 •^> S .5 E*3 • .5 • .2 -3 3 *o ^J .S Ji "o u "3 r-; "3 o III 11 1 cx 1 1 I W 0) Ui ^* ^ N N N N N N N ri _ ^ ^ ^J SSI || | 1 CO 1 7 1 & 00 CO CO CO CO CO S CO CO M CO -° X aT 03 C3 C3 C3 C3 *r2 *OJ .« .-T ,-T •r» « 4-J^ J3 cj 6 £ S £ S 5 E C C v- S- M (/} c3 •3 *i C/3 'S C [j •^ 333 333 3 3 3 3 ^s H"«i _-k _2 ^ TJ m aungshe Column— Major R. H. Gunning, 4th Bat- talion King's Royal Rifle Corps, Commanding ravvaddy Column — Major J. H. Yule, 2nd Battalion Devonshire Regiment, Commanding orth-Eastern Column — Captain T. A. H. Davies, 2nd Battalion Devonshire Regiment, Command- hinbok Column — Lieut. Rainey, Commanding ... ushai Expeditionary Force, under Command of Colonel V. W. Tregear, gth Bengal Infantry ... Hack, made by Lushais, on Forts Ayal and Chaugsil — Relieving force under command of Lieutenants Swinton, Cole, and Watson xpedition, under command of Captain F. P. Hut- chinson, against the Village of Jacopa, to avenge the attack on Mr. Murray xpedition, under command of Captain G. H. Lock, in consequence of a general rising of the Eastern Lushais, commencing with the attack on a force under Mr. M. Cabe, at Lalbura perations undertaken to quell a general rising of the Eastern Lushais. Advance of a force under Captain Shakespear in South Lushai Hills ... 0 bjo — c 0) a "tJO 0) UH 'C 0 r-1 L' 3 d C Cl 0) c :A 3 0 r= T^ -a 0) "So C^ I/! C- c c .2 ffl 1- T3 CJ 1 O " n J5 z UJ < UJ W 0 2^ 42 — 130 BRITISH WAR MEDALS In June, 1892, another bar was authorised for the Manjg[» India Medal of 1854, inscribed N.E. Frontier, 1891, and was given to all troops employed in the Manipur Expedition between the dates of the advance of the Columns from Tamu, Silchar, and Kohima (March 28th, April I5th, and April 2Oth, respec- tively), and May yth, 1891. The troops composing the Manipur Field Force, were : British: Four companies of the 4th Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps (about 300 men). Native: 8th Bengal Mountain Battery; ist Battalion 2nd Goorkhas ; i8th Bengal Infantry; 2nd Battalion 4th Goorkhas; Detachments of the 42nd, 43rd, and 44th Goorkhas. In September, 1892, another bar was issued, in- Hunza, scribed Hunza 1891, and was given to all troops x' employed in the Hunza-Nagar expedition between December ist and 22nd, 1891, both dates inclusive. The troops composing the Hunza-Nagar Field Force in 1891 were : British: None. Native: A detachment ist Battalion 5th Goorkhas (about 200 men) and about 660 men of the Cash- mere Imperial Troops. On November ist, 1892, the issue of a medal was East and sanctioned for services on the East and West Coasts Meedli, is^a of Africa. The following are the operations for which it was granted : I. Operations against the Yonnie tribe from November i3th, 1887, to January 2nd, 1888. (H.M.S. Acorn, Icarus, and Rifle- man, and ist West India Regiment.) II. Expedition up the Gambia, December 29th, 1891, to February 5th, 1892. (H.M.S. Sparrow.) III. Expedition against Tambi, March 8th, 1892, to April nth, 1892. (H.M.S. Alecto, Race, Sparrow, Thrush, and Widgeon, and ist West India Regiment.) IV. Expedition against Toniataba, March i2th, 1892, to April 3oth, 1892. V. Expedition against the Jebus, May I2th to 25th, 1892. PLATK XIII. CKNTRAI. AFRICA MKDAI, (REVERSE). AND DECORATIONS. m 131 The bars for the various expeditions to be inscribed as under : I. 1887-8; II., 1891-2; III., IV., and V., 16*92, the principle being that the year, or years, on the bar cover all the operations in which the recipient may have been engaged in such year, or years. The medal and ribbon were the same as those previously issued for the Ashantee War, anfl were subsequently known as the East and West Africa Medal. Soldiers or sailors already in possession of the Ashantee medal were given the new bars only. A further issue was authorised in April, 1895, f°r the following services, but in this case no bars were centra given. The operations were in Eastern and Central Medal. Africa, and the medal was subsequently known as the Central Africa Medal. Mlanje (Chikumba), July and Mlanje (NyasseraandMkanda), August, 1891. August to October, 1893. Makanjira, October and No- Makanjira, November, 1893, to vember, 1891. January, 1894. Kaivinga, November, 1891. Chirodzulu, December, 1893. Zarifi, January and February, Unyora, December, 1893, Feb- 1892. ruary, 1894. The Upper Shire", January and Mruli, April-June, 1894. February, 1893. The medal is mounted with a swivel-ring, and is worn with a ribbon, ijin. wide, with three equal stripes of black, white, and brown, the black stripe being worn to the right. No British regiments received this medal, only native troops being em- ployed. In September, 1895, the East and West Africa Medal and bars were given to those who took part East and ,, r n - , . . West Africa in the following expeditions: Medai,i895. Witu, October, 1890: H.M.S. " Boadicea," "Brisk," "Con- " Cossack," " Humber," " Kingfisher," " Pigeon," Redbreast," and "Turquoise," with Marines. K 2 132 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Chief Liwondi, February and March, 1893 : Two officers, one surgeon, and thirty-four men of H.M.S. " Herald " and " Mosquito." Pumwani and longeni, August, 1893 : Two hundred men of H.M.S. "Blanche," " Sparrow," and "Swallow," with Marines (36). Juba River, August, 1893 : To Capt. Laidley and 40 men of H.M.S. "Blanche." Lake Nyassa, November, 1893 : H.M.S. " Adventurer " and 11 Pioneer," and 101 Sikhs. Gambia, February 22nd to March nth, 1894 : H.M.S. " Alecto," "Magpie," "Raleigh," "Satellite," and "Widgeon," Marines, and 50 men of the ist West India Regiment. Benin River (Chief Nanna), August and September, 1894 : H.M.S. " Alecto," " Philomel," " Phcebe," and " Widgeon." Brass River, February i;th to 26th, 1895 : H.M.S. " Barossa," "St. George," "Thrush," and "Widgeon." Egbon, Bida, and Ilorin, January 6th and February 25th, 1897. The bars are inscribed : Witu 1890; Liivondi 1893; Witu August, 1893; Juba River 1893; Lake Nyassa 1893; Gambia 1894; Benin River 1894; Brass River 1895; and Niger 189?. These bars were the same size as those given with the Ashantee Medal, and the name and ship of the recipient are indented in capital letters on the edge of the medal. In September, 1895, a bar was added to the India , General Service Medal of 1854, inscribed Waziristan 18941 1894-95, and was given to all troops who were on duty beyond Kajuri Koch between October 22nd, 1894, and March I3th, 1895; or beyond Jandola or Mirian between December lyth, 1894, an^ March i3th, 1895. The following troops formed the Waziristan Field Force : British Infantry: 2nd Battalion Border Regiment and the Maxim Gun detachment of the Devonshire Regiment. Native Cavalry: ist Punjab Cavalry (two squadrons), 2nd Punjab Cavalry (one squadron)*, and 3rd Punjab Cavalry. Native PLATE XIV. OBVERSE. KF.VKRSK. THE EAST AND WEST AFRICA MEDAL. AND DECORATIONS. 133 Artillery: No. i (Kohat), No. 3 (Peshawar), and No. 8 (Bengal) Mountain Batteries. Native Sappers and Miners : Nos. 2 and 5 Companies Bengal Sappers and Miners. Native Infantry : ist Battalions of ist, 4th, and 5th Goorkhas ; ist and 3rd Sikh Infantry; 2nd, 4th, and 6th Punjab Infantry; 2oth and 23rd (Punjab) Bengal Infantry; and the 38th (Dogra) Bengal Infantry. Since the issue of the medal for Burma, 1885-1887, the names of the recipiepts have been engraved on the edge of the medals in running-hand. This was the last campaign for which the India General Service Medal of 1854 was used; as having been issued with no fewer than twenty-one different bars (two retrospective bars were subsequently added, see pages 178, 179), it was, after much delibera- tion, decided to issue a medal to be henceforth known as the India Medal, 1895 (see Army Order, No. 71, April, 1896, page 134). For the war in Ashantee in 1895-6 a special medal was issued. It is of novel design, and consists of Ashantee, a four-pointed bronze star, ijin. diameter, with St. x Andrew's Cross between the arms. In the centre is an Imperial crown, surrounded by a band, with Ashantt above, and 1896 below. Reverse : From the Queen, in raised letters. A ring is provided for suspension, and the ribbon is yellow, with a narrow black stripe near the edge, ijin. wide. The British regiments were made up into a " Com- posite Battalion," and consisted of drafts (two non- commissioned officers, one bugler, and seventeen men) from the following regiments : 2nd Coldstream Guards, 2nd Shropshire Light Infantry 2nd Grenadier Guards, ist Northumberland Fusiliers, ist Scots Guards, ist Leinster Regiment, ist Yorkshire Light Infantry, 3rd King's Royal Rifle Corps, 2nd Royal Irish Fusiliers, 2nd Battalion "Rifle Brigade, 2nd Devonshire Regiment, 134 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Also the whole of the 2nd Battalion West Yorkshire Regi- ment, and detachments of the Army Service Corps, Medical and Ordnance Staff Corps, Artillery, and Engineers. An Admiralty order of January 2ist, 1897, , sanctioned a further grant of the West African Medal, 6* without a bar, to the men of H.M.S. " Barrosa," " Phoebe/' " Racoon/' and " St. George " for opera- tions against Mwele. The edge of the medal bore the recipient's name and ship, and " Mwele 1895-6." Those already in possession of the Ashantee medal were entitled to have the word " Mwele " and date engraved on the edge. It was also given to the 24th and 26th Bombay Infantry, and was issued in bronze to authorised camp-followers. By Army Order No. 71, April, 1896, the Queen India authorised the issue of a medal to replace the India s«?v5e General Service Medal of 1^54, " to commemorate Mi895.' military operations in, and on the frontier of, India, and to be in future known as ' The India Medal, /#95-' ' The medal bears on the obverse the bust of the Queen, surrounded by the legend : Victoria Regina et Imperatrix. Reverse : The figures of a European and a Sikh soldier, the former resting on his rifle and the latter on his sword, each grasping the pole of the British flag, with the inscription, India, 1895, on either side. The medal is silver, i^in. diameter. The ribbon is ijin. wide, with three stripes of red and two of green. The medal is thicker than that of 1854, and weighs ijoz. instead of loz. The first bars issued were inscribed Defence of chitrai, Chitral 1^95, and Relief of Chitral 1895, and are 5> of the same design as those of the India Medal of and with a similar attachment. The medal AND DECORATIONS. 135 and bars were issued in bronze to the authorised camp-followers. The following troops took part in the expedition, and received the bar for Relief of Chitral 1895: FIRST BRIGADE. 3rd Mountain Battery, Royal Artillery, 257 men, ist Bedfordshire Regiment, 801 men. ist King's Royal Rifles, 705 men. 37th Bengal Infantry, 734 men. Corps of Guides Cavalry, 125 men. SECOND BRIGADE. 2nd King's Own Borderers, 736 men. ist Gordon Highlanders, 772 men. No. 8 Mountain Battery, Royal Artillery, 260 men. 4th Sikh Infantry, 648 men. i5th Bengal Infantry, 723 men. No. 4 Company Bengal Sappers and Miners, 174 men. Corps of Guides Cavalry, 115 men. Corps of Guides Infantry, 661 men. No. 2 Derajat Mountain Battery, 176 men. nth Bengal Infantry, 497 men. THIRD BRIGADE. ist Battalion East Kent Regiment, 799 men. 2nd Battalion Seaforth Highlanders, 757 men. 25th Bengal Infantry, 731 men. 2nd Battalion 4th Goorkha Regiment, 730 men. LINE OF COMMUNICATIONS. ist Battalion East Lancashire Regiment, 519 men. No. 4 Hazara Mountain Battery, 235 men. 29th Bengal Native Infantry, 369 men. Corps of Guides Cavalry, 108 men. i3th Bengal Infantry, 723 men. 30th Bengal Infantry, 721 men. i5th Field Battery, Royal Artillery, 143 men. 23rd Bengal Infantry, 604 men. No. i Company Bengal Sappers and Miners, 165 men. No. 6 Company Bengal Sappers and Miners, 150 men. Total, 14,764 men. The 2nd Battalion Oxford Light Infantry, 28th and 39th Bengal Infantry, and No. i Mountain Battery Royal Artillery formed part of Brigadier-General Gorst's command. 136 BRITISH WAR MEDALS The Garrison of Chitral, who received the bar, Defence of Chitral, 1^95, consisted of seven British officers, including the British agent, ninety men of the I4th Sikhs, 301 men of the 4th Kashmir Rifles and i6th Punjabis, forty servants and followers, and an English Surgeon-Captain. For the Dongola Expedition, in 1896, the Khedive Souid8a6 °^ ^yP1-' on February i2th, 1897, granted a silver medal, ijin. diameter, without a bar, to all the British and Native troops who were serving at, and to the south of, Sarras, between March 3oth and September 23rd, 1896; and to those under Brigadier- General C. C. Egerton serving at Suakin between the same dates. Two bars were added, one inscribed Hafir to those engaged in the operations south of Fareig, on September i9th, 1896; and the other, in- scribed Firket, to those engaged in the operations south of Akasheh, on June 7th, 1896. The bars, which are if in. long by yVn- wide, bear the names of the actions in Arabic as well as in English characters. Obverse : An oval shield with three crescents, surmounted by three stars. Behind it a military trophy, consisting of flags, arms, cannon, &c. ; and below a label, on which is an Arabic inscrip- tion. Reverse : A Turkish inscription. A straight clasp and swivel are provided for suspension. The ribbon is ijin. wide, with two stripes of yellow and one of blue, of equal width. The medals were issued without the names or regiments of the recipients on the edge. The medal without bars was given in bronze to all camp-followers and civilian servants of officers. Queen Victoria granted permission to the British troops to accept and wear the medal. ATE XV RKVKRSE. OBVERSE. MEDAL FOR MATABKLKLAND. FOR SERVICES RENDERFD DURING THE PLAGUE OF OBVERSE. REVERSE. THE HONG-KONG PLAGUE MEDAL. AND DECORATIONS. 137 The ist Battalion North Staffordshire Regiment was the only English regiment that received it; but it was also given, without bars, to the soldiers of the Indian contingent which garrisoned. Suakin, and to the crews of H.M.S. " Melita " and " Scout." Permission was given to the Chartered Company of South Africa, in 1896, to issue a medal to the troops Matabeie- engaged in Matabeleland'in 1893; and in 1897 to a^ Rhodesia3, those who took part in the operations in Rhodesia in l8g6- 1896. , The design of both medals was the same, with the exception of the name and date of the expedition on the reverse. The medal is silver, i^in. diameter. Obverse : The Queen's head, surrounded by the legend, Victoria Regina. Reverse : The British lion charging with tail erect, wounded in front by an assegai, and trampling upon a native shield and arms ; in the background a bush. Above, Matabeleland 1893, or Rhodesia 1896, as the case might be; and in the exergue, British South Africa Company. An ornamental clasp for suspension; ribbon, ijin. wide, four stripes of yellow and three of blue. Those already in possession of the 1893 medal, and entitled to that for 1896, received a bar, inscribed Rhodesia 1896. The medal for Matabeleland was given to all' those who were engaged between October i6th and December 24th, 1893 ; and only those officers and men who had obtained official sanction to be present were allowed to accept and wear it. Besides the Company's own forces, volunteers from the following regiments received the medal : Cnpe Mounted Rifles and the British Bechuanaland Police, details of the 3rd Dragoon Guards, one company of the 2nd 138 BRITISH WAR MEDALS West Riding Regiment, one officer and eighteen men of the ist Royal Highlanders, and three men of the 2nd York and Lancaster Regiment. The medal for Rhodesia was given to all those who had served between March 24th and December 3ist, 1896. The 7th Hussars was the only British regiment employed, but details of the follow- ing regiments also received the medal : 2nd Royal Irish Fusiliers; 2nd, 3rd, and 4th King's Royal Rifle Corps; 2nd Royal West Kent; 2nd Hampshire; 2nd Nor- folk ; Army Ordnance Corps ; ist Leicestershire ; 24th, 25th, and 26th Western Division, R.A. ; 2nd and 4th Rifle Brigade; ist Derbyshire; 2nd Royal Welsh Fusiliers; ist Royal Irish; ist Royal Dublin Fusiliers; 43rd Co., R.E. ; loth Mountain Battery, R.A. ; 2nd West Riding Regiment ; 2nd Yorks and Lanes Regiment; and Army Service Corps. This was the first issue of a medal by a private company, which has been authorised, since the days of the Honourable East India Company. In April, 1898, two additional bars were given East and with the East Africa Medal; those officers and Africa men who were already in possession of the medal Medal, 1898. . . , , , receiving the new clasps only. The first was inscribed Benin 1897, and was given to the officers and men of H.M.S. "Forte," " Philomel/' " St. George/' " Barrosa," " Phcebe," "Theseus," " Widgeon," "Magpie," and " Alecto," altogether about 1400 men. The second was inscribed Dawkita 1897, and was granted to the force, consisting of men of the Gold Coast Constabulary, employed, under Lieut. F. B. Henderson, R.N., in the defence of Dawkita, in the Gold Coast hinterland. A short time previously (November, 1897) a bar was issued with the same medal, inscribed Niger 1897, AND DECORATIONS. 139 to the forces which took part in the expedition to East Egbon, Bida, and Ilorin, or formed the garrisons of Medal, 1897. Fort Goldie and Lokoja between January 6th and February 25th, 1897. On June 3rd, 1898, it was announced that Queen Victoria had commanded that the India Medal of North-west jSpj, with bars, should be granted to the troops em- f^°8ntier> ployed in the recent operations on the North- West Frontier, as follows : — With bar inscribed Punjab Frontier, 1897-8. — To all troops who proceeded beyond Edwardesbad between June loth, 1897, and January 3Oth, 1898; to all beyond Jalala between July 26th, 1897, an<^ January 23rd, 1898; to all present at the action of Shabkadar on August 9th, 1897 » to all forming part of the Mohmand Field Force; to all forming part of the garrisons of and present at Jamrud, Hari Sing-ka Burj, Bara, and all outposts in the Peshawar Valley south of the line Jamrud-Peshawar, between August 23rd, 1897, and April 6th, 1898; to all form- ing part of the garrisons of and present at the posts on the Samana and posts beyond Kohat, from Kohat to Parachinar, between August 27th and October 2nd, 1897 i to all wno to°k part in the action in the Ublan Pass on August 27th, 1897, and subsequent actions on the Samana and beyond Kohat, up to October 2nd, 1897; to all forming part of the Tirah Expeditionary Force, who proceeded beyond either Kohat or Pesha- war between October 2nd, 1897, a°d April 6th, 1898. Bar inscribed Malakand, 1^97. — To all troops ;yond Jalala who Malakand and August 2nd, 1897. beyond Jalala who took part in the defence and relief of Malakand and Chakdara between July 26th and i4cr BRITISH WAR MEDALS Bar inscribed Samana, 1897. — To all troops form- samagna, ing part of the garrisons of the posts on the Samana ' and posts beyond Kohat, from Kohat to Parachinar, 'i>etween August a;th and October 2nd, 1897; and all who took part in the action in the Ublan Pass on August 2;th, 1897, and subsequent actions on the Samana and beyond Kohat up to October 2nd, 1897. Bar inscribed Tirah, 1897-8. — To all troops form- Tirah, ing part of the Tirah Expeditionary Force who pro- 8> ceeded beyond either Kohat or Peshawar between October 2nd, 1897, and April 6th, 1898; to the troops of the Kurram Movable Column ; and to the Peshawar Column. A bronze medal with bars of similar pattern was given to all authorised Government followers and followers of Imperial Service troops who accompanied the troops in the operations mentioned. The following combinations of bars are met with, though doubtless others exist : ONE BAR. Two BARS (continued). Defence of Chitral 1895. Punjab Frontier 1891-8, Waz- Relief of Chitral 1895. iristan, 1901-2. Punjab Frontier 1897-8. Malakand 1897. THREE BARS. Samana 1897. ReUef oj Chitral 1895, Punjab lirah 1X97-8. Frontier 1897-8, Tirah 1897- o Two BARS. Punjab Frontier 1897-8, Sam- Samana 1897, Punjab Fron- ana 1897, Tirah 1897-8. tier 1897-8. ReUef Of Chitral 1895, Mala- Punjab Frontier 1897-8, Tirah kand 1897, Punjab Frontier 1897-8. 1897-8. Punjab Frontier 1897-8, Mala- Punjab Frontier 1897-8, Sam- kand 1897. ana 1897, Waziristan, 1901-2 Relief of Chitral 1895, Punjab Punjab Frontier 1897-8, Mala- Frontier 1897-8. kand 1897, Tirah 1897-8. AND DECORATIONS. 141 FOUR BARS. Relief of Chitral 1895, Sam- Punjab Frontier 1897-8, Mala- ana 1897, Punjab Frontier hand 1897, Samana 1891, 1897-8, Tirah 1897-8. Tirah 1897-8. Samana 1897, Punjab Frontier 1897-8, Tirah 1897-8, Wazir- istan 1901-2. The following troops formed the Mohmand Field Force, of 10,624 men : FIRST BRIGADE. — 2nd Battalion Argyll and Sutherland High- landers; ist Sikhs; ist Punjab Infantry; 33rd Bengal Infan- try; six guns of the Peshawar Battery; 2nd Company of the Bengal Sappers and Miners ; and the Hospital Staff. SECOND BRIGADE. — 3rd Battalion Rifle Brigade ; i4th Sikhs ; 6th Bengal Infantry; 25th Punjab Infantry; one squadron ist Punjab Cavalry ; four guns of 6th Bombay Mountain Battery ; 5ist Field Battery; i3th Bengal Lancers; Somersetshire Light Infantry. The following troops were in the Malakand Force of 10,421 men : FIRST BRIGADE. — ist Battalion Somersetshire Light Infantry; 2ist Bengal Infantry; 2nd Battalion ist Goorkhas. SECOND BRIGADE. — 2nd Battalion Oxfordshire Light Infan- try ; gth Goorkhas ; 37th Bengal Infantry ; i3th Bengal Lancers ; 3rd Mountain Battery, R.A. ; No. 5 Bombay Moun- tain Battery; 28th Bombay Infantry; No. 5 Company Bengal Sappers and Miners; one Regiment Imperial Service Troops; No. 8 Bengal Mountain Battery; No. 4 Company Bengal Sappers and Miners; and two squadrons nth Bengal Lancers. THIRD BRIGADE. — ist Battalion Royal West Surrey Regi- ment; 22nd Bengal Infantry; 39th Bengal Infantry; No. i Mountain Battery, R.A. ; No. 3 Company Bengal Sappers and Miners; two squadrons nth Bengal Lancers; K Battery, R.H.A. ; and two squadrons nth Hussars and 4th Dragoon Guards. The following troops were in the Samana Force : FIRST BRIGADE.— ist Battalion Royal West Kent Regiment, 24111 and 3ist Punjab Infantry; 45th Sikhs. SECOND BRIGADE.— ist Battalion the "Buffs"; Guides In- fantry; 35th Sikhs; 38th Dogras ; 8th Bengal Mountain Battery ; 5th Company Bengal Sappers and Miners ; and two squadrons nth Bengal Lancers. 142 BRITISH WAR MEDALS THIRD BRIGADE. — ist Battalion the Queen's Regiment; 22nd Punjab Infantry; 38th Bengal Infantry; 39th Gahrwalis ; one battery, R.A. ; 3rd Company Bengal Sappers and Miners ; two squadrons nth Bengal Lancers; one squadron loth Bengal Lancers ; half company Madras Sapper's. The following troops composed the Tirah Field Force of 32,161 men : FIRST DIVISION : First Brigade. — 2nd Battalion Devonshire Regiment; 2nd Battalion ist Goorkhas; 3oth Bengal Infantry. Second Brigade. — 2nd Battalion Yorkshire Regiment; ist Battalion Royal West Surrey Regiment; 2nd Battalion 4th Goorkhas; 3rd Sikh Infantry; No. i Mountain Battery, R.A. ; No. 2 Derajat Mountain Battery; No. i Kohat Mountain Bat- tery; two squadrons i8th Bengal Cavalry; 28th Bombay Infantry; 3rd and 4th Companies Bombay Sappers and Miners; Kapurthala Infantry ; Maler Kotla Sappers ; 2nd Battalion Royal Irish Regiment. SECOND DIVISION : First Brigade. — ist Battalion Gordon Highlanders; ist Battalion Dorset Regiment; ist Battalion 2nd Goorkhas ; i5th Bengal Infantry. Second Brigade. — 2nd Battalion King's Own Borderers ; ist Battalion Northampton Regiment; ist Battalion 3rd Goorkhas; 36th Bengal Infantry; Nos. 8 and 9 Mountain Batteries, R.A. ; No. 5 Bombay Moun- tain Battery; two squadrons i8th Bengal Cavalry; 2 ist Madras Infantry; No. 4 Company Madras Sappers and Miners; Jhin< Infantry; Sirmoor Sappers. COMMUNICATIONS. — 22nd Bengal Infantry^; 2nd Battalion 2nd Goorkhas; 39th Bengal Infantry; 2nd Punjab Infantry; 3rd Bengal Cavalry; Jeypore and Gwalior Transport Corps. PESHAWAR COLUMN. — 2nd Battalion Royal Inniskillen Fusiliers ; 2nd Battalion Oxford Light Infantry ; gth and 45th Bengal Infantry; 57th Field Battery, R.A. ; 3rd Mountain Bat- tery, R.A. ; gth Bengal Cavalry; No. 5 Company Benj Sappers and Miners. KURAM COLUMN. — i2th Bengal Infantry; Nabha Infantry four guns 3rd Field Battery, R.A. ; 6th Bengal Cavalry; Central India Horse. RAWUL PINDI BRIGADE (in reserve; 3776 men). — 2nd Bat- talion Yorkshire Light Infantry; ist Battalion Duke of Corn- wall's Light Infantry; 27th Bombay Infantry; 2nd Hyderaba( Infantry; Jodhphur Lancers. In June, 1898, a bar was issued with the Khedive'i Soudan Medal, inscribed, The Atbara, to all th< AND DECORATIONS. 143 troops who took part in the battle on April 8th, 1898; ^jf^' and all troops who served at, and south of, Abu- Hamed on that date received the medal without the bar. Those already in possession of the medal received the bar only. The following were the British regiments engaged : ist Battalion Royal Warwickshire; ist Battalion Lincoln- shire; ist Battalion Seafortk Highlanders; ist Battalion Cameron Highlanders. By Army Order 96 of 1897 Queen Victoria sanctioned the issue of a third medal by the British Mashona- land, South Africa Company to those employed in the 1897- operations in Mashonaland up to October 3 ist, 1897. The medal and ribbon were similar to those described on p. 137, but the reverse bore the name and date of the expedition for which it was granted, viz., " Mashonaland 1897." The British troops employed were detachments of the 7th Hussars and 2nd Hamp- shire Regiment. Those already in possession of the medal for Rhodesia previously issued by the Com- pany received a bar inscribed " Mashonaland 1897." Towards the end of 1898 the Khedive's Soudan Medal was given to all troops, not already in soudan possession of it, who served at, and south of, x Assouan, between April 8th and September 2nd, 1898. A bar, inscribed " Khartoum," was also conferred on all troops who took part in the battle in the vicinity on September 2nd, 1898, and also a bar, inscribed " Gedaref," on all troops who took part in the capture of that place and in the subsequent engagements in the neighbourhood. The following British troops \vere engaged : 2 ist Lancers, ist Grenadier Guards, ist Northumberland Fusiliers, 2nd Lancashire Fusiliers, 2nd Rifle Brigade, six 144 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Maxim guns, i6th Company Eastern Division Royal Artillery, four Maxim guns of the ist Royal Irish- Fusiliers, a detach- ment No. 2 Company Royal Engineers, 32nd and 37th Field Batteries Royal Artillery, Army Service Corps, Royal Army Medical Corps, Army Ordnance Corps, ist Warwickshire Regi- ment, ist Lincoln Regiment, ist Seaforth Highlanders, and ist Cameron Highlanders. In October, 1898, the surplus medals which had been previously struck for the Dongola Expedition were presented to the following troops, who formed part of the force engaged, at a parade in Cairo : 2 ist Lancers, 32nd Field Battery Royal Artillery, a detach- ment of the i6th Company Eastern Division Royal Artillery, the 2nd Company Royal Engineers, a half battalion of the ist Lincoln Regiment, the ist Seaforth Highlanders, the ist Cameron Highlanders, and the departmental corps. They were issued without the bars, which were sub- sequently added. In December, 1898, Queen Victoria approved of the forces employed in the military operations in Egypt which resulted in the capture of Abu-Hamed, the re-conquest of the province of Berber, the defeat of Emir Mahmud's army on the Atbara, and the final operations resulting in the overthrow of the Khalifa's troops at Khartoum, accepting and wearing a further issue of the Khedive's Soudan Medal. It was given to all troops who served at, and south of, Kerma, on the Nile; and at, and south of, No. VI. Station on the Abu-Hamed Railway, between July 1 5th and November 6th, 1897. Also to all who served at, and south of, Assouan, between April 8th and September 2nd, 1898; and to all who served at, and south of, Abu-Hamed, on April 8th, 1898. A bar inscribed Abu-Hamed was given to all wh< took part in the engagement there on August 7th, AND DECORATIONS. 145 1897; a°d a bar inscribed Sudan 1897, was granted to all those already in possession of the medal who were at, or south of, Kerma, and No. VI. Station, between July i5th and November 6th, 1897. In January, 1900, a bar inscribed Sudan 1899 was issued with the same medal for services in connection Soudan, with the re-conquest of the Dongola province, and to those who took part in th*e operations which resulted in the defeat of Khalifa Abdulla El Taaishi at Gedid on November 24th, 1899. The medal was given to all the troops who served on the Blue or White Nile south of Khartoum during the year 1899; and the bar, to all troops already in possession of the medal, and who became entitled to it as described above. A bar inscribed Gedid was given to all the troops who took part in the actions on November 22nd and 24th, 1899. The medal and bars were also given in bronze to authorised camp followers and servants. The following combinations of bars occur, the earliest date being nearest to the medal : ONE BAR. Hafir. Gedaref. Bahr-el-Ghazel, Firket. Sudan 1897. 1900-02. Abu-Hamed. Sudan 1899. Jerok. The Atbara. Gedid. Nyam-Nyam. Khartoum. Two BARS. THREE BARS. The Atbara, Khartoum. Sudan, 1897, The Atbara, Sudan 1897, Sudan 1899. Khartoum. Sudan 1897, Khartoum. Firket, Hafir, Gedaref. Sudan 1897, The Atbara. Firket, Hafir, Abu-Hamed. Firket, Hafir. Firket, Hafir, Sudan 1897. Gedaref, Sudan 1897. Gedaref, Sudan 1899. *„ „ Abu-Hamed, Sudan 1897. FouR BARS' Khartoum, Sudan 1899. Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Hafir, Khartoum. Khartoum, Sudan 1899. L 146 BRITISH WAR MEDALS FOUR BARS (continued). Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum, Gedaref. Sudan 1897, Abu-Hamed, The Atbara, Khartoum. Firket, Hafir, Abu-Hamed, Sudan 1897. Firket, Hafir, Sudan 189?, The Atbara. Firket, Hafir, Sudan 1897, Khartoum. Hafir, Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum. FIVE BARS. Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum, Sudan 1899, Gedaref. Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum, Sudan 1899, Bahr-el-Ghazel 1900-02. Firket, Abu-Hamed, Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum. Firket, Hafir, Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum. Firket, Hafir, Abu-Hamed, The Atbara, Khartoum. Firket, Hafir, The Atbara, Sudan 1897, Khartoum. Firket, Hafir, The Atbara, Khartoum, Sudan 1899. The Atbara, Khartoum, Ge- daref, Sudan 1897, Sudan 1899. Six BARS. Hafir, Abu - Hamed, Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khar- toum, Sudan 1899. Firket, Hafir, The Atbara, Sudan 1897, Khartoum, Sudan 1899. Firket, Hafir, Abu-Hamed, Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum. Firket, Hafir, Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum Sudan 1899. Firket, Hafir, Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum, Gedid. SEVEN BARS. Firket, Hafir, Sudan 1897, Abu-Hamed, The Atbara, Khartoum, Sudan 1899. Firket, Hafir, Abu Hamed, The Atbara, Khartoum, Gedaref, Sudan 1899. Firket, Hafir, Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum, Sudan 1899, Gedaref. Firket, Hafir, Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Abu-Hamed, Khartoum, Sudan 1899. EIGHT BARS. Firket, Hafir, Abu-Hamed, Sudan 1897, The Atbara, Khartoum, Sudan 1899, Gedid. The majority of these combinations were only obtainable by native troops and their European officers. Major-General Sir A. Hunter has this medal with six bars. In March, 1899, Queen Victoria approved of z soudan medal being struck to commemorate the militar" 8< operations in connection with the re-conquest of the Soudan. It was granted to all officers, warrant- ,4 .YD DECORATIONS. 147 officers, non-commissioned officers, and men of the British, Indian, and Egyptian Forces, and native allies, who were entitled to the medal granted by the Khedive for the same campaigns. Civilian syces, civilian servants of officers, and authorised followers who were granted the Khedive's medal in bronze, received the medal in bronze. No bars were issued with it. The medal given to the troops is silver, i§in. dia- meter, and has a straight clasp for suspension. Obverse : A half-length effigy of Queen Victoria, crowned and veiled, and holding a sceptre. Legend, Victoria Regina et Imperatrix. Reverse : A figure of Victory seated, to the front, having a laurel-branch in her right hand and an olive-wreath in her left : two draped flags behind, on either side. Below on a label the word Sudan is indented, with flowers and foliage in relief in the exergue. Ribbon : Black and yellow in equal stripes fin. wide, with a narrow red stripe -j^in. wide down the centre. The name and regiment of the recipient are usually engraved in small capital letters on the edge of the medal. In January, 1899, a medal was authorised by the Canadian Government, and approved of by our Canada own, " in recognition of services rendered to the service Dominion." It was presented to the members of the Canadian Militia, and of the Imperial Forces who were on active service during the Fenian Raids, and on the Red River Expedition. The medal is silver, ijin. diameter, and has a straight clasp for suspension. Obverse : The bust of Queen Victoria, surrounded by the legend, Victoria Regina et Imperatrix. Re- L 2 i48 BRITISH WAR MEDALS verse : The Canadian flag, surrounded by a wreath of maple leaves, above which is the word Canada. The name and regiment of the recipient are in- dented on the edge in square capitals; the old regi- mental numbers being used, thus: tfth Lan: R. Ribbon : ijin. wide, with two scarlet and one white stripe down the middle of equal width. Bars ifin. by -^-in. inscribed: Fenian Raid 1866. Fenian Raid 1870. Red River 1870. The following are the combinations of bars : Two BARS. THREE BARS. Fenian Raid 1866, Fenian Red River 1870, Fenian Raid Raid 1870. (1420 issued). 1870, Fenian Raid 1866. Red River 1870, Fenian Raid (20 issued). 1866. (150 issued). Red River 1870, Fenian Raid 1870. (30 issued). The total issue amounted to 16,120 medals, of which 14,500 had one bar only, 365 of these being for Red River 1870. By Army Order 135 of August, 1899, Queen Victoria central approved of the medal described on p. 131 being Meda? granted for the following operations in British Central ' Africa between 1894 and 1898 : Operations at and near Fort Johnston, January, 1894; Ex- pedition against Kawinga, March, 1895 ; Expedition against Matipwiri, Zarafi, Mponda, Makanjira, September to Novem- ber, 1895 ; Expedition against Mlozi, Mwazi, December, 1895 ; Expedition against Tambala, January, 1896; Expedition against Chikusi, Odeti, and Mkoma, October, 1896; Expedi- tion against Chilwa, August, 1897 ; Expedition against Mpezeni, January to February, 1898; Southern Augoniland Expedition, April, 1898. A bar ifin. by Jin., inscribed " Central Africa 1894- 1898," was added to the medal, and the swivel and ring originally fitted to it were superseded by a straight clasp similar to that previously issued with the Ashantee Medal. Those officers and men already ; AND DECORATIONS. 149 in possession of the medal received the bar and clasp only. In September, 1899, Queen Victoria approved of a further issue of the West Africa Medal of 1892, with East and a bar inscribed Sierra Leone 1898-99. The bar is Africa, wider than the others issued with this medal, being x ifin. by Jin., the inscription being in two lines. It was granted to the Imperial and Colonial forces who were employed in the military operations in the colony and protectorate of Sierra Leone between February i8th, 1898, and March, 1899. The following operations were included in the award : I. Boat Expedition to Lokko, March 5th, 1898. II. Sherbro' District, May ist to i5th, 1898. (H.M.S. Blonde.) III. Boom Kittam River, May i6th, 1898. (H.M.S. Alecto and Blonde.) IV. Brempe' River, May nth to i4th, 1898. (H.M.S. Fox and Colonial Boat Countess of Derby.) The issue was limited to those officers and men of the British forces (seamen and marines) who were actually landed for military operations, or who took part in the boat expedition up rivers under fire, and to the West India Regiment and native levies. Those already in possession of the medal received the bar only. They were issued in October, 1900; and the recipients' names were engraved on the edge in square capitals. In December, 1900, a further distribution of the medal was authorised, and four new bars were issued, 1896-99. inscribed, respectively: — 1896-98, 1897-98, 1898, and 1899, according to the date of the operations, to the 150 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Imperial and Colonial Forces who were employed in any of the undermentioned military operations : I. In the several expeditions in the northern territories of the Gold Coast between November 27th, 1896, and June i4th, 1898. II. In the expeditions in the Hinterland of Lagos between September, 1897, and June i4th, 1898. III. With the force under Lieut.-Col. J. Willcocks, in Borgu, before June I4th, 1898. IV. In the Lapal Expedition, under Lieut.-Col. Pilcher, from June 8th to 27th, 1898. V. In the expeditions known as Ibouza, Anam, Barna, Bassema, Siama, Angiama, Illah, Dama, all in 1898; and Bula, in 1899. The medal, and bar inscribed 1899, were also given 1899- to the forces employed in the Central Division Expedi- tion in February and March, 1899; and in the Benin Territories Expedition in April and May, 1899. In October, 1901, King Edward VII. authorised 1896-99. the issue of the medal and a bar inscribed i #96-99, to all officers and men employed on military duty between the dates November 27th, 1896, and May, 1899, at any place within the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast, or in the Hinterland of Lagos. This includes all British territory lying between the northern frontier of the Colony of Lagos proper (about twenty miles from the sea coast) and_the River Niger. In July, 1903, the medal, and a bar inscribed 1900, 1900. were granted to the Imperial and Colonial troops employed in the Munshi and Kaduna Expeditions, between January 4th and March I9th, 1900, and February 2Oth and May 9th, 1900, respectively; both dates inclusive. The following combinations are known : ONE BAR. Coomassie. Witu 1890. Witu, August 1893. 1887-8. 1891-2. Juba River 1893. 1892. AND DECORATIONS. ONE BAR (continued). Liivondi 1893. Lake Nyassa 1893. Witu August 1893 (on Mivele 1*95-6). 1893-4. Gambia 1894. Benin River 1894. Brass River 1895. 1896-97. 1896-98. Niger 1897. Benin 1897. Benin 1897 (on Mivele 1895-6). Daivkita 1897. 1897-98. 1898. Sierra Leone 1898-99. 1899. 1900. Two BARS. 1887-8, 1892. 1887-8, 1893-94. 1887-8, 1897-98. 1891-2, Witu August 1893. 1891-2, 1896-98. 1892, 1893-94. 1892, Sierra Leone 1898-99. 1892, Witu August 1893. 1893-94, 1897-98. 1893-4, 5 terra Leone 1898-99. 1897-98, Sierra Leone 1898-99. Coomassie, 1892. Benin 1887, Sierra Leone 1898-99. Witu 1890, Benin 1897 (on Mivele 1895-6). Brass River 1895, Benin 1897. Benin River 1894, Benin 1897. Benin River 1894, Brass River 1895. Brass River 1895, Benin 1897 (on Mwele 1895-6). Witu August 1893, Juba River 1893. Uwondi 1893, Sierra Leone 1898-99. Two BARS (continued). Witu 1890, Brass River 1895. Witu 1890, Benin 1897. 1891-2, Witu August 1893. Gambia 1894, Benin 1897. Gambia 1894, Brass River 1895. THREE BARS. . / 887-8, 1892, 1893-94. 1892, 1893-94, Sierra Leone 1898-99, 1892, 1893-94, 1897-98, Benin 1887, 1898, Sierra Leone 1898-99. Coomassie, Sierra Leone 1898-99, 1891-2. Coomassie, 1893-94, Sierra Leone 1898-99, Benin River 1894, Brass River 1895, Benin 1897. Gambia 1894, Benin River 1894, Brass River 1895. Witu 1890, Brass River 1895, Benin 1897. FOUR BARS. 1887-8, 1892, 1893-94, Sierra Leone 1898-99. 1892, 1893-94, 1896-98, Sierra Leone 1898-99. 1892, 1893-94, 1897-98, Sierra Leone 1898-99. Gambia 1894, Benin River 1894, Brass River 1895, Benin 1897. 1887-8, Lake Nyassa 1895, Niger 1897, Dawkita 1897. FIVE BARS. 1 887-8, 1892, 1893-94, 1896-98, Sierra Leone 1898-99. 1887-8, 1892, 1893-94, 1897-98, Sierra Leone 1898-99. 1891-2, 1892, Witu 1893, 1893-4, Benin 1897. Coomassie, Witu 1890, Li' wondi 1893, Juba River 1893. 152 BRITISH WAR MEDALS In place of the medal described on pages 108, 109, East and and 131, a new "East and Central Africa Medal" Africa, was authorised in February, 1899. It was granted to ' the forces employed in the military operations in the Uganda Protectorate in 1897 an<^ 1898. Two bars Lubwa's. were issued with it, one, inscribed Lubwa's, being granted to all Her Majesty's Forces and Allies who took part in the operations against the Soudanese mutineers, from September 23rd, 1897, to February 24th, 1898. The other bar, inscribed Uganda 1897-8, was given Uganda, to all who took part in Uganda operations, other than ' those against the Soudanese mutineers, from July 2Oth, 1897, to March i9th, 1898; or who reached Uganda within those dates. Only those who had official sanction to be present received the medal and bars. In the same month a further issue of the medal 1898. was made to the forces taking part in the operations against the Ogaden Somalis from April to August, 1898. It was issued with a bar, inscribed 1898, and those already in possession of the medal received the bar only. In December, 1900, the medal with clasp, inscribed Uganda, Uganda 1899, was granted to the Imperial and 9' Colonial forces employed in the operations against Kabarega in the Uganda Protectorate, between March 2ist and May 2nd, 1899. The medal is silver, i-j^in. diameter, with a straight clasp for suspension ; and the bars are ITV n. by^in. It was also issued in bronze to authorised camp- followers. Obverse : A half-length effigy of Queen Victoria, crowned and veiled, similar to that on the Soudan AND DECORATIONS. 153 medal previously described. Legend, Victoria Regina et Imperatrix. Reverse : A figure of Britannia, standing, and holding a trident in her right hand, and a palm-branch in her left hand, and a scroll, which are extended towards the rising sun, just appearing above the horizon. The British lion is standing behind. In the exergue, in capital letters, East and Central Africa. Ribbon,* ijin. wide, half red and half yellow. The recipient's number, name, and regiment are engraved on the edge of the medal in capital letters. Amongst others who received the bar for 1898 were the 4th and 27th Bombay Infantry (the latter also receiving the bar for Uganda 1897-8) and the ist Beluch L.I. ONE BAR. Lubwa's. Uganda 1897-8. 1898. Uganda 1899. Two BARS. Lubwa's, Uganda 1897-98. 1898, Uganda 1897-98. In 1899 the Royal Niger Company gave a silver medal to Europeans and a bronze medal to natives Niger who, forming part of their Constabulary, took part in 1886-1897. fighting expeditions within their territories in which actual casualties occurred from 1886 to 1897. The issue to the native troops was restricted to those actually serving on December 3ist, 1899. Some European civilians of the Company's Executive Staff who took part in those expeditions likewise received the medal. Obverse : Queen Victoria's head, crowned and veiled, and wearing a laurel wreath. Above, the nd, Victoria Regina et Imperatrix. Reverse : A slm-ld, charged with the words, Pax, Jus, Ars, 154 BRITISH WAR MEDALS arranged in the form of the letter Y. Behind the shield are crossed swords and guns; above two flags and a flagstaff, the whole being surrounded by a laurel-wreath. The medal is ijin. diameter, and is fitted with a straight clasp and swivel for suspension. Bar: ifin. by^-in., inscribed, Nigeria, 1886-189^, in two lines. Ribbon : ijin. wide, composed of three equal stripes of yellow, black, and white. In October, 1901, King Edward VII. approved i, of a new medal being struck to commemorate the °' operations in Ashanti, which were undertaken in con- sequence of the rebellion of the native tribes, and of the siege of Kumassi. It was granted to all the Imperial and Colonial forces who were at any time attached in orders to the Ashanti Field Force between March 3ist, 1900, and December 25th, 1900 (both dates inclusive) ; also to the British Gaman detachment of the Gold Coast Con- stabulary, under the command of Captain G. W. Soden, 3rd Battalion Royal Munster Fusiliers, during the period of the above operations. A bar, inscribed Kumassi, was granted to all who Kumassi. took part in the defence of Kumassi between March 3ist, 1900, and June 25th, 1900; or who remained in the fort until July I5th, 1900. Also to all who started with the relieving column from Bekwai on July I3th, and which reached Kumassi on July i5th, 1900; and to all those who started with the column under the command of Colonel A. P. Burroughes from Bekwai, on August 4th, which reached Kumassi on August 5th, 1900. The medal is silver, if in. diameter. Bar : if in. by Suspender : a straight clasp and swivel. AND DECORATIONS. 155 Obverse: The bust of King Edward VII. to the left, in uniform, with medals and orders, surrounded by the legend, Edwardus VII., Rex, Imperator, Reverse : The British lion, standing, and looking to the left towards a rising sun. Below, Ashanti, on a scroll. In the foreground are a shield and two spears, one of which is broken. • On the right a palm-leaf, with the stalk passing under the scroll. Ribbon : i Jin. wide, green, with three black stripes down the edges and centre, -^in. wide. The name, number, and regiment of the recipient are impressed in small square capitals upon the edge of the medal. This was the first medal issued with King Edward VI I. 's head on the obverse. No British regiments took part in these opera- tions, but a number of British officers and non-com- missioned officers attached to native regiments received the medal. The following troops, amongst others, took part in the expedition : 350 men of the 2nd Battalion Central African Regiment, 350 men of the 2nd Battalion West African Frontier Force, 100 men of the West African Regiment, 40 Sierra Leone Police and two guns, all of which formed the Flying Column. On January 3rd, 1902, King Edward VII. con- firmed the authority given by Queen Victoria to china, 1900. the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty for the issue of a medal to commemorate the naval and military operations in North China in 1900. The medal was granted to all officers, warrant officers, non-commissioned officers, and men of the British, Indian, and Colonial Forces who were em- ployed in North China and in the Yangtse Valley from June loth to December 3ist, 1900, and to all who 156 BRITISH WAR MEDALS embarked in India for service in China in the expe- dition under the command of General Sir A. Gaselee. Obverse : The bust of Queen Victoria to the left, crowned and veiled, surrounded by the legend, Victoria Regina et Imperatrix. Reverse : The same as that on the China Medal of 1842 (page 59), but with the date 1900 in the exergue, and with a straight clasp and swivel for suspension. Bar: if in. by ^-in. Ribbon : Crimson, with yellow edges, as for the China medals of 1842 and 1860. The following bars were issued : Taku Forts : To all those who were engaged in the Peiho River, on June lyth, 1900, in the operations which resulted in the capture of the Taku Forts. Defence of Legations : To all those who took part in the defence of the Legations in Pekin, between June loth and August i4th, 1900, both dates inclusive. Relief of Pekin : To all those who were engaged in the opera- tions on shore at, or beyond, Taku, for the Relief of Pekin, between June loth and August i4th, 1900, both dates in- clusive. The medal, and bars, in bronze were also given to all authorised Government followers who accompanied the troops during the operations. The following troops took part in the expedition : English: i2th Field Battery Royal Artillery and the 2nd Battalion Royal Welsh Fusiliers. Indian: No. 4 Company Bengal and No. 2 Company Bombay Sappers, ist Bengal Lancers, ist Madras Pioneers, 22nd Bombay Infantry, 24th Punjab Infantry, ist and I4th Sikhs, 7th Bengal Infantry, No. 3 Company Madras Sappers, 2nd and 26th Bengal Native Infantry, 3rd Madras and 3oth Bombay Native Infantry, and the 4th Goorkhas. The Naval Brigade was composed of officers and men from the following ships : H.M.S. Alacrity, Algerine, Arethusa, Aurora, Barfleur, Bonaventure, Centurion, Daphne, Dido, Endymion, Esk, AND DECORATIONS. 157 Fame, Goliath, Hart, Hermione, Humber, Isis, Linnet, Mara- thon, Orlando, Peacock, Phoenix; (with the New South Wales and Victoria contingents), Pigmy, Pique, Plover, Protector; South Australian cruisers), Redpole, Rosario, Snipe, Terrible, Undaunted, Walleroo, Waterwitch, Whiting, Woodcock, and Woodlark. The majority of the sailors received the medal with- out bars. In April, 1901, by Atmy Order No. 94, King Edward VII. confirmed the order given by Queen Victoria in June, 1900, that a medal be struck to 1899-1900, commemorate the military operations in South Africa. It was granted to all officers, warrant officers, non- commissioned officers, and men of the British, Indian, and Colonial Forces; and to all nurses and nursing sisters, who actually served in South Africa between October nth, 1899, and May 3ist, 1902. Also to all troops stationed in Cape Colony and Natal at the outbreak of hostilities, and to troops stationed in St. Helena, between April i4th, 1900, and May 3ist, 1902. Obverse : The bust of Her Majesty Queen Victoria to the left, crowned and veiled, and wearing the ribbon of the Order of the Garter, surrounded by the legend, Victoria Regina et Impcratrix. Reverse : A figure of Britannia, with a shield, trident, and palm-branch at her feet, holding in her left hand a flag, and extending her right hand and a laurel-wreath towards a company of advancing soldiers. On the left is shown the sea, and a man-of-war, and above it, on the right, is the legend, South Africa. Two dies were cut for the reverse of this medal owing to the unexpected duration of the war. The first had the date, 1899-1900, in two horizontal lines after the words South Africa. 177,000 of these medals were 158 BRITISH WAR MEDALS issued, principally to Colonial and irregular levies. Lord Strathcona's Horse were the first troops to receive the medals, which were presented to them by King Edward VII. on February i5tri, 1901, as they were passing through London on their way home to Canada. No medals with the date on the reverse were issued after February ist, 1901, and 50,000 then in stock were, called in, being re-issued with the date removed. This was subsequently known as The Queen's\ South Africa Medal. It is silver, ifin. diameter, and is fitted with aj straight clasp and swivel for suspension. The bars are if in. by -^-in., and are fixed -^-in. apart, being joined together with cup-headed rivets. The name, rank, number, and regiment of the recipient are indented on the edge in capital letters. It was also given in bronze, and without bars, to non- enlisted men of any nationality who drew military pay. The ribbon is ijin. wide, with two outer red stripes Jin. wide, two blue stripes Jin. wide, and a central stripe of orange Jin. wide. Twenty-six bars were authorised with the medal. The following list gives the names on the bars, with the dates for which they were granted, in the order worn upwards from the medal : Cape Colony (nearest medal), October nth, 1899, to May 3ist, 1902. Natal, October nth, 1899, to June nth, 1900. Rhodesia, October nth, 1899, to May 17*, 1900. Relief of Maf eking, October nth, 1899, to May iyth, 1900. Defence of Kimberley, October i4th, 1899, to February 15th, 1900. Talana, October 2oth, 1899. Elandslaagte, October 2ist, 1899. AND DECORATIONS. 159 Defence of Ladysmith, Nov. 3rd, 1899, to Feb. 28th, 1900. Bclmont, November 23rd, 1899. Modder River, November 28th, 1899. Tugela Heights, February i4th to 27th, 1900. ^Relief of Kimberley, February i5th, 1900. Paardeberg, February i;th to 26th, 1900. Orange Free State, February 28th, 1900, to May 3ist, 1902. Relief of Ladysmith, December isth, 1899, to February 28th, 1900. Dreifontein, March loth, 1900. Wepener, April 9th to 25th, 1900. Defence of Mafeking, October i3th, 1899, to May i7th, 1900. Transvaal, May 24th, 1900, to May 3 ist, 1902. Johannesburg, May 29th, 1900. Laing's Nek, June 29th, 1900. Diamond Hill, June nth to I2th, 1900. Wittebergen, July ist to 29th, 1900. Belfast, August 26th to 27th, 1900. South Africa igoi, January ist to December 3 ist, 1901. South Africa 1902, January ist to May 3 ist, 1902. No one could have both the defence and relief bars for Kimberley, Mafeking, or Ladysmith, nor both the Cape Colony and Natal bars. It was originally in- tended that the Rhodesia bar be only given to troops in Rhodesia who did not get the Relief of Mafeking bar, but this was altered in July, 1902, by Army Order No. 171. The Cape Colony, Natal, Transvaal, and Orange Free State bars were given to troops engaged between the dates named who did not get a bar for an engagement in those places. The I bars, South Africa, 1901, and South Africa, 1902, | were given to those who served between the dates named but were ineligible for the King's Medal. i The majority of the medals issued to the Navy had no [bars. In October, 1902, King Edward VII. approved of The King's la second war medal being granted, in recognition Africa I of the services of the troops in the later phases of 1901-2.' 160 BRITISH WAR MEDALS the campaign, and to be known as The King's South Africa Medal. It was issued to all officers, warrant officers, non- commissioned officers, and men of the British, Indian, and Colonial Forces, doctors, and nursing sisters, provided that they were actually serving in South Africa on or after January ist, 1902, and that on that date they had completed eighteen months' war service, or subsequently completed such service before June ist, 1902. V Obverse : The bust of the King to the left in uniform with medals and order, legend Edivardus VII., Rex Imperator. Reverse : The same as the Queen's medal previously described. Ribbon : Orange, white, and green, in three equal stripes, making up a ribbon ijin. wide. The medal is the same size as the foregoing, and is mounted with a straight clasp and swivel. Bars: if in. by -g-^-in.; fixed -^in. apart, and in- scribed, South Africa, igoi, South Africa, 1902, the first being nearest to the medal. A silver medal, in all respects similar to The Queen's Militia Medal (except that no bars were issued with it, and Medal : Mediter- that on the reverse the word Mediterranean is sub- ranean, 1901-2. stituted for South Africa) was issued to all the em- bodied Militia battalions who served in the Mediter- ranean garrisons during the South African War. It was worn with the same ribbon as the Queen's medal. The following Militia battalions received it : The Loyal North Lancashire, Royal West Kent, North- umberland Fusiliers, Royal Munster Fusiliers, W Yorks, 3rd Yorks Light Infantry, and the Devo shire. est ~ AND DECORATIONS. 161 The following combinations of bars occur, though doubtless there are many others : Two BARS. Cape Colony, Defence of Ladysmith. Cape Colony, Belfast. Cape Colony, Orange Free State. Cape Colony, Paardeberg. • Cape Colony, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Relief of Lady- smith. Cape Colony, Rhodesia. Cape Colony, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Dreifontein. Cape Colony, Laing's Nek. Cape Colony, Elandslaagte. Cape Colony, Wepener. Natal, Belfast. Natal, Orange Free State. Natal, Transvaal. Natal, South Africa 1901. Natal, South Africa 1902. Talana, Belfast. Talana, Transvaal. Talana, Orange Free State. Talana, Relief of Ladysmith. Talana, Defence of Ladysmith Paardeberg, South Africa 1901 Paardeberg, Johannesburg. Paardeberg, Dreifontein. Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith. Defence of Ladysmith, Trans- vaal. Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State. Defence of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek. Defence of Ladysmith, Bel- fast. Defence of Mafeking, Orange Free State. Defence of Kimberley, Trans- vaal. Defence of Kimberley, Orange Free State. Rhodesia, Relief of Mafeking. Rhodesia, Transvaal. Rhodesia, South Africa 1901. Belmont, Modder River. Modder River, Orange Free State. Modder River, Wittebergen. Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith. Tugela Heights, Transvaal. Tugela Heights, Orange Free State. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg. Relief of Kimberley, Orange Free State. Relief of Kimberley, Trans- vaal. Relief of Mafeking, Orange Free State. Relief of Mafeking, Trans- vaal. Orange Free State, Rhodesia. Orange Free State, Belfast. Orange Free State, Trans- vaal. Orange Free State, South Africa 1902. Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek. Relief of Ladysmith, Trans- vaal. Relief of Ladysmith, Belfast. Transvaal, Wittebergen. Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Transvaal, South Africa 1902. Transvaal, Relief of Mafe- king. Laing's Nek, Belfast. Wittebergen, Belfast. M 1 62 BRITISH WAR MEDALS THREE BARS. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Johannesburg. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Transvaal, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Diamond Hill. Cape Colony, Wepener, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Wepener, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Rhodesia, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Rhodesia, Orange Free State. Cape Colony, Rhodesia, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Transvaal, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Relief of Lady smith. Cape Colony, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Cape Colony, Defence of Ladysmith, Belfast. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Wepener. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Dreifontein, Johannesburg. Cape Colony, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Cape Colony, Talana, Orange Free State. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Dreifontein, Belfast. Cape Colony, Wittebergen, Belfast. Cape Colony, Wittebergen, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Relief of Lady- smith, Belfast. Cape Colony, South Africa igoi, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Relief of Lady- smith, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Belfast. Cape Colony, Dreifontein, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Talana, Defence of Ladysmith. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Tugela Heights. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith. Cape Colony, Johannesburg, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill. Cape Colony, Transvaal, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Defence of Lady- smith. Natal, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Natal, Orange Free State, Belfast. Natal, Belfast, South Africa 1901. Natal, Relief of Maf eking, Transvaal. Natal, Transvaal, Witte- bergen. Natal, Transvaal, Defence of Mafeking. Relief of Mafeking, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Defence of Kimberley, Orange Free State, Transvaal. AND DECORATIONS. 163 THREE BARS (continued). Defence of Kimberley, Dreifontein, Wittebergen. Talana, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Talana, Defence of Lady- smith, Laing's Nek. Talana, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal. + Talana, Defence of Lady- smith, Orange Free State. Talana, Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith. Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Belfast. Elandslaagte, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Transvaal. Elandslaagte, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Defence of Ladysmith, Trans- vaal, Laing's Nek. Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Trans- vaal. Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Belfast. Defence of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Belmont, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Belmont, Transvaal, Witte- bergen. Belmont, Modder River, Drei- fontein. Belmont, Modder River, Paardeberg. Belmont, Modder River, Orange Free State. Modder River, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Modder River, Paardeberg, Wittebergen. Modder River, Paardeberg, Dreifontein. Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, Belfast. Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal. Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Transvaal. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Johannesburg. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein. Relief of Kimberley, Orange Free State, Johannesburg. Relief of Kimberley, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Relief of Kimberley, Orange Free State, Belfast. Orange Free State, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Orange Free State, Trans- vaal, Laing's Nek. Orange Free State, Trans- vaal, South Africa 1902. Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal. Orange Free State, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Orange Free State, Laing's Nek, Rhodesia. Orange Free State, Defence of Mafeking, Transvaal. Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Relief of Ladysmith, Trans- vaal, Laing's Nek. Relief of Ladysmith, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein. Relief of Ladysmith, Belfast, South Africa 1902. Transvaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Rhodesia, Relief of Mafeking, Transvaal. M 2 164 BRITISH WAR MEDALS FOUR BARS. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Transvaal, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Rhodesia, Orange Free State, Trans- vaal. Cape Colony, Rhodesia, Orange Free State, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Relief of Lady smith, Bel- fast. Cape Colony, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Wittebergen, Trans- vaal. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Relief of Lady smith, Trans- vaal. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, Bel- fast. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill. Cape Colony, Wepener, Transvaal, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Talana, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Dreifontein, Transvaal, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Belfast. Cape Colony, Transvaal, South Africa igoi, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Transvaal, Wittebergen, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith. Cape Colony, Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Bel- fast. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Defence of Lady- smith, Elandslaagte. Cape Colony, Relief of Lady- smith, Laing's Nek, Bel- fast. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Transvaal, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Wittebergen, Transvaal, South Africa 1902. AND DECORATIONS. 165 FOUR BARS (continued). Natal, Modder River, Paarde- berg, Johannesburg. Natal, Orange Free State, Transvaal, South Africa 1901. Natal, Orange Free State, Transvaal, South Africa 1902. .' i Relief of Mafeking, Tugela Heights, Relief of Lady- smith, Transvaal. Relief of Mafeking, Defence of Kimberley, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Relief of Mafeking, Rhodesia, Orange Free State, Trans- vaal. Talana, Defence of Lady- smith, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Talana, Defence of Lady- smith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Talana, Orange Free State, Transvaal, South Africa 1902. Talana, Defence of Lady- smith, Laing's Nek, Bel- fast. Talana, Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek. Talana, Relief of Ladysmith, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Belfast. Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Elandslaagte, Relief of Lady- smith, Laing's Nek, Bel- fast. Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Trans- vaal, Laing's Nek. Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Belmont, Modder River, Transvaal, Wittebergen. Belmont, Modder River, Dreifontein, Transvaal. Belmont, Modder River, Orange Free State, Trans- vaal. Belmont, Modder River, Orange Free State, Belfast. Belmont, Modder River, Relief of Kimberley, Paar- deberg. Belmont, Modder River, Paardeberg, Dreifontein. Belmont, Modder Riverf Dreifontein, Belfast. Belmont, Modder River, Dreifontein, Johannesburg. Modder River, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Transvaal. Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal. Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, Belfast, South Africa 1901. Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Rhodesia, Transvaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Defence of Kimberley, Paar- deberg, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill. i66 BRITISH WAR MEDALS FOUR BARS (continued). Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Belfast. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Trans- vaal. Relief of Kimberley, Paar de- berg, Dreifontein, Johan- nesburg. Relief of Kimberley, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill. Relief of Kimberley, Paar de- berg, Johannesburg, Witte- b erg en. Relief of Kimberley, Relief of Mafeking, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Witte- bergen. Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Orange Free State, Trans- vaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. FIVE BARS. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill, Belfast. Cape Colony, Belmont, Orange Free State, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Relief of Lady- smith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Relief of Lady- smith, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Relief of Lady- smith, Laing's Nek, Bel- fast. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Relief of Lady- smith, Diamond Hill, Bel- fast. Cape Colony, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Johannesburg, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Cape Colony, Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Trans- vaal. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill. Cape Colony, Talana, Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Talana, Orange Free State, Relief of Lady- smith, Transvaal. AND DECORATIONS. 167 FIVE BARS (continued). Cape Colony, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Transvaal, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Belfast. Cape Colony, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Wittebergen, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Witte- bergen, Belfast. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Transvaal, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Transvaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Belfast, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Wittebergen, Belfast, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Cape Colony, Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Cape Colony, Relief of Lady- smith, Transvaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Caj>e Colony, Orange Free State, Wepener, Defence of Kimberley, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Wepener, Defence of Kimberley, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Transvaal, Wittebergen, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Rhodesia, Orange Free State, Trans- vaal, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Rhodesia, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill. Natal, Talana, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Belfast. Natal, Orange Free State, Transvaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Natal, Transvaal, Rhodesia, Relief of Maf eking, South Africa 1901. Natal, Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Talana, Defence of Lady- smith, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Talana, Defence of Lady- smith, Orange Free State, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Talana, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, Belfast. 1 68 BRITISH WAR MEDALS FIVE BARS (continued). Talana, Relief of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Talana, Relief of Ladysmith, Tugela Heights, Transvaal, Orange Free State. Belmont, Modder River, Orange Free State, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill. Belmont, Modder River, Drei- fontein, Johannesburg, Belfast. Belmont, Modder River, Drei- fontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill. Belmont, Dreifontein, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast. Belmont, Modder River, Orange Free State, Trans- vaal, South Africa, igoi. Belmont, Modder River, Orange Free State, Trans- vaal, South Africa, igo2. Belmont, Modder River, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg. Belmont, Modder River, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Transvaal. Belmont, Modder River, Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal. Belmont, Modder River, Relief of Kimberley, Paar- deberg, Dreifontein. Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Relief of Maf eking, Elands- laagte, Defence of Lady- smith, Wittebergen, Trans- vaal. Relief of Maf eking, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Belfast, South Africa 1901. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill, Belfast. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Johan- nesburg, Wittebergen. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Diamond Hill, Wittebergen. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill, Wittebergen. Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast, South Africa 1901. Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Belfast, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, South Africa 1902. AND DECORATIONS. 169 Six BARS. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Lady smith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Cape Colony, Tugela * Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Wittebergen. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast. Cape Colony, -Talana, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal. Cape Colony, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Talana, De- fence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Cape Colony, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Wittebergen, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Relief of Mafe- king. Cape Colony, Talana, Defence of Ladysmith, Orange Free State, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill, Belfast, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill, Belfast, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Johannesburg, Trans- vaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Wittebergen, Dreifontein, Paardeberg, Transvaal, South Africa 1901. Talana, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Talana, Defence of Lady- smith, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Talana, Defence of Lady- smith, Orange Free State, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, South Africa 1901. Belmont, Modder River, Re- lief of Kimberley, Johannes- burg, Diamond Hill, Witte- bergen. Belmont, Modder River, Orange Free State, Trans- vaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. 170 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Six BARS (continued). Belmont, Modder River, Orange Free State, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill, Bel- fast. Belmont, Modder River, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast. Belmont, Modder River, Re- lief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Trans- vaal. Belmont, Modder River, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Diamond Hill, Belfast. Belmont, Modder River, Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg, Transvaal, Diamond Hill. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Johannes- burg, Diamond Hill, Witte- bergen. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill, Wittebergen, South Africa, 1901. Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, Belfast. Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, South Africa igo2. Natal, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek. Relief of Mafeking, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill, Bel- fast. SEVEN BARS. Cape Colony, Elandslaagte, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Lady- smith, Diamond Hill, B'el- fast (i4th Hussars). Cape Colony, Talana, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Trans- vaal, Laing's Nek. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, South Africa i go i. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Wittebergen, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith. Trans- vaal, Laing's Nek, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Talana, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Trans- vaal, Belfast. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Johannes- burg, Diamond Hill, Bel- fast. AND DECORATIONS. SEVEN BARS (continued). Cape Colony, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Orange Free I State, Transvaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa i go 2. Cape Colony, Orange Free | State, Johannesburg, Dia- mond Hill, Belfast, South | Africa, 1901, South Africa 1902. \Cape Colony, Talana, Tugela ! Heights, Orange Free State, i Relief of Ladysmith, Trans- ! vaal, South Africa 1901. £ape Colony, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond j Hill, Belfast, South Africa I 7901, South Africa 1902. Pape Colony, Paardeberg, , Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast, 11 ittcbergen. Eape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief I of Ladysmith, Transvaal, I South Africa 1901, South i Africa 1902. Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. rugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, Belfast, South Africa 1901. alana, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. alana, Tugela Heights, (^range Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, South Africa 1901. Talana, Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast, Orange Free State, South Africa 1901. Natal, Belmont, Modder River, Relief of Kimberley, , Paardeberg, Transvaal, Wittebergen. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill, Wittebergen, South Africa 1901. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill, Bel- fast, South Africa 1901. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill, Bel- fast, South Africa 1902. Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Wittebergen, Belfast. Relief of Kimberley, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Diamond Hill, Belfast, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Relief of Ladysmith, Paarde- berg, Dreifontein, Diamond Hill, Belfast, South Africa. 1901, South Africa 1902. Elandslaagte, Defence of Ladysmith, Belfast, Cape Colony, Orange Free State, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Belmont, Modder River, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast. 172 BRITISH WAR MEDALS SEVEN BARS (continued). Belmont, Modder River, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast, South Africa 1901. Belmont, Modder River, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast, South Africa 1902. Belmont, Modder Riverf Orange Free State, Johan- nesburg, Diamond Hill, Belfast, South Africa igoi. Belmont, Modder River, Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Wittebergen. EIGHT BARS. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Diamond Hill, Johannesburg, Dreifontein, Modder River, Belmont, South Africa 1901. Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Diamond Hill, Johannesburg, Dreifontein, Modder River, Belmont, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, Laing's Nek, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Talana, Tugela Heights, Orange Free State, Relief of Ladysmith, Transvaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Transvaal, Tugela Heights, Relief of Ladysmith, Laing's Nek, Belfast, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Talana, De- fence of Ladysmith, Orange \ Free State, Laing's Nek, i Belfast, South Africa 1901, \ South Africa 1902. Cape Colony, Paardeberg, \ Dreifontein, Johannesburg, \ Diamond Hill, Belfast, j South Africa 1901, South ! Africa 1902. Relief of Kimberley, j Paardeberg, Dreifontein, j Johannesburg, Diamond \ Hill, Belfast, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, Wittebergen, South j Africa 1901, South Africa > 1902. Belmont, Modder River, Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Hill, South Africa 1901. AND DECORATIONS. 173 EIGHT BARS (continued). NINE BARS. Belmont, Modder River, Cape Colony, Tugela Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Heights, Orange Free Diamond Hill, Belfast, State Relief of Lady smith, South Africa 1901, South Lamg s Nek, Belfast, Africa 1002. Transvaal, South Africa 1901, South Africa 1902. Belmont, Modder, River, Belmont, Modder River, Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Diamond Johannesburg, Diamond • Hill, Belfast, South Africa Hill, Belfast. 1901, South Africa 1902. Modder River, Relief of Belmont, Modder River, Kimberley, Paardeberg, Relief of Kimberley, Dreifontein, Johannesburg, Paardeberg, Dreifontein, Diamond Hill, Belfast, Johannesburg, Diamond South Africa 1901, South Hill, Wittebergen. Africa 1902. The following regiments served in South Africa luring the war, some of the cavalry regiments being •epresented by squadrons only, and some of the nfantry regiments having Militia battalions em- Dodied : CAVALRY : One squadron each of the ist and 2nd Life juards and Horse Guards; ist, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and •th Dragoon Guards; ist Dragoons; Scots Greys; 3rd and ith Hussars; 5th Lancers; 6th Dragoons; yth and 8th Hussars; )th Lancers; loth and nth Hussars; i2th Lancers; I3th, i4th, md i5th Hussars; i6th and iyth Lancers; i8th, igth, and 2oth riussars; and the 2 ist Lancers. I MAN-TRY: Grenadier, Scots, and Coldstream Guards; Bed- ordshire, Berkshire, Border, Cheshire, Cornwall Light Infantry; Derbyshire, Devonshire, Dorsetshire, Durham Light nfantry; Essex; Royal Fusiliers; Gloucestershire, Hampshire, East Kent, West Kent; King's Royal Rifle Corps; Lanca- bhire Fusiliers ; East Lancashire, South Lancashire, Loyal North Lancastrian, Royal Lancaster, Manchester, Liverpool, Leicestershire, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Northumberland Fusiliers; Northampton; Oxford Light Infantry; Rifle Brigade; Shropshire Light Infantry; Somersetshire Light infantry; North, and South Staffordshire, Suffolk, Sussex, East Surrey , West Surrey, Warwickshire, Wiltshire, Worcestershire, Yorkshire; Yorkshire Light Infantry; East Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, York and Lancaster, and West Riding Regiments. Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, Royal Highlanders, 174 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Cameron Highlanders, Seaforth Highlanders, Gordon High- landers ; King's Own Scottish Rifles ; Royal Scots ; Royal Scots Fusiliers; Scottish Rifles; Highland Light Infantry; Royal Irish Fusiliers, Royal Dublin Fusiliers, Inniskilling Fusiliers, Munster Fusiliers; Royal Irish Rifles; Royal Irish; Leinster ; Connaught Rangers ; South Wales Borderers ; Royal Welsh Fusiliers ; Welsh Regiment. Thirty-two Battalions of Imperial Yeomanry; City Imperial Volunteers; English, Scotch, Irish, and Welsh Volunteer Battalions, Companies, and Corps. ROYAL GARRISON ARTILLERY, Eastern Division, 5th, 6th, and loth Companies; Southern Division, i4th, i5th, i6th, and 36th Companies ; Western Division, 2nd, 6th, loth, i4th, i5th, i7th, and 23rd Companies. ROYAL HORSE ARTILLERY, A, G, J, M, O, P, Q, R, T, and V Batteries. ROYAL FIELD ARTILLERY, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 7th, 8th, gth, i3th, i4th, i7th, i8th, igth, 2oth, 2ist, 28th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 53rd, 6ist, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 8ist, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, and 88th Batteries. Royal Engineers ; Army Service Corps, Army Ordnance Corps, Army Veterinary Department; Army Pay Department; and R. A. Medical Corps. Imperial Light Horse ; South African Light Horse ; Cape Mounted Rifles ; Kitchener's Fighting Scouts; Thorn ey croft's Horse; Brabant's Horse; Bethune's Horse; South African Constabulary; National Scouts (Boers); Scottish Horse; Lumsden's Horse; and Strathcona's Horse; New South Wales Military Forces; Im- perial Bushmen ; New Zealand Mounted Rifles ; New Zealand Rough Riders ; Queensland Mounted Infantry ; South Australia Infantry; South Australia Mounted Infantry; South Australia Bushmen's Contingent; Tasmanian Infantry; Tas- manian Artillery; Tasmanian Bushmen; Victorian Infantry; Victorian Mounted Infantry; Victorian Mounted Rifles; Cameron's Scouts; West Australian Contingent; Royal Canadian Dragoons ; Canadian Mounted Rifles ; Royal Cana- dian Artillery; C, D, and E Field Batteries; Canadian j Scouts; Ceylon Mounted Infantry; Bechuanaland Rifles; j Border Horse; Border Mounted Rifles; Border Scouts; j Brabant's Scouts; British South Africa Police; Cape Cavalry Brigade ; Cape Colony Cyclist Corps ; Cape Garrison Artillery ; • Cape Medical Staff Corps; Cape Mounted Rifle Club; Cape i Police ; Cape Town Highlanders ; Cape Volunteer Medical Staff Corps; ist City (Grahamstown) Volunteers; Colonial Defence Force; Commander-in-Chief's Body Guard; Dennison" Scouts; Diamond Field Artillery; District Mounted Rifl Dn's & AND DECORATIONS. 175 JDriscoll's Scouts; Duke of Edinburgh's Own Volunteer Rifles; Durban Light Infantry; East Griqualand Mounted [Kifle Volunteers; Eastern Province Horse; French's Scouts; Frontier Mounted Rifles; Gatacre's Scouts; Griqualand East Mounted Rifle Volunteers; Herbert District Mounted Rifles; Herschell Mounted Volunteers ; Imperial Light Horse ; Im- • perial Light Infantry; Johannesburg Mounted Rifles; Kaff- ifarian Rifles; Kenny's Scouts; Kimberley Mounted Corps; j^imberley Light Horse ; Kimberley Regiment ; Diamond Field fSiorse; Kimberley Rifles; Kitchener's Horse; Kuysna Ran- jfcers; Komgha Mounted Volunteers; Loch's Horse; Maritzani Counted Irregulars; Marshall's Horse; Merre's Scouts; samaqualand Border Scouts; Modder River District Mounted Rifles; Natal Volunteers; Nesbitt's Horse; New England Mounted Rifles; Orpen's Horse; Pioneer Railway - Regiment; Prince Alfred's Own Cape Artillery; Prince Alfred's Volunteer Guard; Prince of Wales's Light Horse; Dueenstown Rifle Volunteers; Rand Rifles; Rimington's Suides; Roberts' Light Horse; Rundle's Colonial Scouts; touth African Mounted Irregular Forces ; South Rhodesian folunteers; Steinaecker's Horse; Stellenbosch Mounted In- •tntry ; Tembuland Mounted Rifle Corps ; East Griqualand Counted Rifle Volunteers ; Transkei Mounted Rifles ; Uiten- age Volunteer Rifles; Umvoti Mounted Rifles; Utrecht ilounted Rifles; Victoria Mounted Rifles; Vryburg Mounted pifles; Warwick's Scouts; Western Province Mounted Rifles. I Llso the following Town Guards : Aliwal North, Barkly East, Sarkly West, Boshof, Burgherdorp, Campbell Town, Coles- iurg, Cradock, Dordrecht District, Douglas, East London, •rahamstown, Griquatown, Hopetown, Hoppesia, Indwe, . Jamestown, Kimberley, King Williamstown, Klipdam, Kok- tad, Kuruman, Lady Grey, Molteno, Naauwpoort, Port lizabeth, Queenstown, Qumbu, Starkstroom, Steynsburg, Ntormberg, T'somo, Uitenhage, Vryburg, and Warrenton. . The crews of the following ships received the ledal : H.M.S. Barracouta, Barrossa, Beagle, Blonde, Doris, war], Fearless, Forte, Gibraltar, Magicienne, Magpie, onarch, Naiad, Niobe, Partridge, Pearl, Pelorus, Philomel, owerful, Racoon, Rambler, Rattler, Redbreast, Sappho, bilu-, Tartar, Terpsichore, Terrible, Thetis, Thrush, and iageon. In June, 1902, King Edward VII. approved of new silver medal being struck to commemorate 176 BRITISH WAR MEDALS naval and military operations in East, Central, and Service West Africa, to be known as The Africa General Service Medal. It replaced the East and West, and Central Africa medals described on pages 130 and 131- Obverse : The effigy of His Majesty King Edward VII., facing the left, in uniform, and wearing medals and orders. Legend, Edwardus VII., Rex Imperator. '%», Reverse: Similar to that of the East and Central African medal of 1899, but with the word Africa added vvin the exergue. Ribbon : Yellow, with black borders, ?^>* and two narrow green stripes. Bars : if in. by -^in. Similar bronze medals were issued to authorised camp- followers. It was issued to the Imperial and Colonial Forces for the following expeditions : — A bar inscribed N. Nigeria, for operations against N.Nigeria, the forces of Bida and Kontagora, July to December, 1900, and January i9th and February, 1901. Tawari, December 6th and 8th, 1900. Yola, August and Sep- tember, 1901. A bar inscribed S. Nigeria, for operations in Ishan s. Nigeria, and Ulia countries, March, April, and May, 1901. This bar was given to the South Nigerian Regiment. A bar inscribed Jubaland, for operations against jubaiand, the Ogaden Somalis, including the military forces at Kismayu, and to such officers and men of the Royal Navy and Royal Marines of H.M.S. " Magicienne," "Terpsichore," and "Scout" as were landed be- tween November i6th, 1900, and April 3Oth, 1901, inclusive. Amongst others, the i6th Bombay Infantry received the medal and bar. Only 465 silver and 26 bronze medals were issued to military recipients. AND DECORATIONS. 177 A bar, inscribed Somaliland, 1901, for operations against the Mullah Muhammid-ben-Abdullah, May somaii- ' land, 1901. 22nd, and July 3Oth, 1901. A bar, inscribed Uganda, 1900, for operations in the Uandi country between July 3rd and October, Uganda 1900. Five British officers, one British non-com- missioned officer, 105 Indian troops, and 268 men of the 4th King's African R'ifles received the bar. A bar, inscribed B. C. A., 1899 — 1900, for opera- tions against Nkwamba, August to October, 1899, Bifttit N.E. Rhodesia, September to November, 1899, and Africa, Central Angoniland, December, 1900. The 24th Punjab Infantry received this medal and bar. A bar, inscribed Gambia, for operations from January to March, 1901, was given to four companies Gambia, of the 3rd West India Regiment, and detachment of I! the 2nd King's African Rifles, and to the crews of H.M.S. " Dwarf," " Forte," and " Thrush." In August, 1902, it was decided that the medals for Ashanti, 1900, and the Gambia, 1901, were not to be awarded to the crews of H.M. ships employed in those expeditions who received the African General Service Medal with the Jubaland bar. In October, 1902, it was officially announced that King Edward VII. had been pleased to approve of the medal with bars being granted to the Imperial and Colonial Forces who were employed in the under- mentioned military operations : A bar, inscribed Aro, 1901 — 1902, to all officers and men who took part in the operations against the Aro Aro, tribe under Lieutenant-Colonel A. F. Montenaro, I90I~ R.G.A., between November i5th, 1901, and March N 178 BRITISH WAR MEDALS 23rd, 1902, both dates inclusive. The Aro Field Force consisted of : Fourteen special service officers, 1150 men of the South Nigeria Regiment, 320 men of the North Nigeria Regiment, and 260 men of the Lagos Battalion, all belonging to the West African Field Force, and the crew of H.M.S. " Thrush/' A bar, inscribed Lango, 1901, to all officers and men w^° to°k Part *n the operations against the Lango people and Soudanese mutineers, under Major C. Delme-Radcliffe, Connaught Rangers, between April 24th, 1901, and August 24th, 1901, both dates inclu- sive. This bar was given to the 4th King's African Rifles only. A bar, inscribed N. Nigeria, 1902, granted in July, N.Nigeria, 1903, to the Imperial and Colonial Forces employed in the Bornu Expedition, between February ist and May i6th, 1902, both dates inclusive, and the Konta- gora Expedition, between February i2th and 2Oth, 1902, both dates inclusive. Twenty officers and 515 men received the medal and bar. A bar, inscribed N. Nigeria, 1903, was granted by 1903- the King on October ist, 1903, to the Imperial and Colonial Forces employed in the Kano-Sokoto Cam- paign, between January 29th and March I5th, 1903, both dates inclusive. In March, 1903, King Edward VII. approved of a* India new medal being struck to commemorate military slrvffe operations in, or on the frontier of India, and to be 1903! the India General Service Medal, 1903. It is similar in design to the India Medal of i&tf, but has on the obverse the bust of King Edward VII., with the legend, Edivardus VII. , Rex Imperator. Reverse, similar, but with the word India only, the date bein omitted. Ribbon, as for the 1895 Medal. AND DECORATIONS. 179 A bar, inscribed Waziristan, 1901-2, was authorised at the same time to be issued to all troops who were engaged in the later, or active, stage of the Mahsud Waziri blockade, between November 23rd, 1901, and February I5th, 1902, both dates inclusive. The medal and bar were, as usual, given in bronze to all authorised Government followers who accom- panied the troops so engaged. Officers, soldiers, and others already in possession of the India Medal, 1895, received the bar only. About 3200 troops were engaged, viz. : Squadrons of the ist, 3rd, and 5th Punjab Cavalry; ten mounted guns; ist, 3rd, and 4th Sikhs; 2nd, 4th, 5th, and 22nd Punjabis; parties of Sappers; and some Kurram and Waziristan Militia. Three men of the ist Cheshire Regiment, acting as signallers, also received it. On January 5th, 1903, King Edward VII. was pleased to command that the India Medal of 1854, India with a bar inscribed either Chin Hills 1892-93, or Kachin Hills 1892-93, be granted to all troops who l854' were engaged in those operations between October i9th, 1892, and March loth, 1893; and December 3rd, 1892, and March 3rd, 1893, respectively, the dates being inclusive. The medal is fully described on page 89, and these two bars bring the total up to twenty-three issued with this medal. A bronze medal and bar was issued to all authorised Government followers who accompanied the troops. Those already in possession of the medal received the new bars only. The troops composing the Kachin force were : A half battalion of the Yorkshire Regiment, half a battalion 25th Madras Native Infantry, half a battalion Military Police, and two companies of the 2 ist Pioneers. N 2 i8o BRITISH WAR MEDALS chin Hiiis, The troops composing the Chin Hills force were : 1892-93. 250 men of the loth Madras Native Infantry, 150 each of the 3Oth and 3ist Madras Native Infantry, 50 men of the 2ist Madras Native Infantry, 30 Madras Sappers, 125 men of the I Gerwahl Rifles, 150 men of the ist Battalion Norfolk Regi- ment, and two guns of the 4th Mountain Battery Royal Artillery. In November, 1904, by Army Order 185, King Africa Edward VII. approved of the Africa General Service service Medal, with bar, being granted to the Naval and somaiifa£dj Military Forces employed between January i8th, jidbaiH. 1902, and May nth, 1904. The medal and bar were also given to those officers who accompanied Colonel A. N. Rochfort with the Abyssinian Forces, and a bronze medal of the same design was given to all authorised Government followers who accompanied the troops. Two bars were issued, one being inscribed Somaliland 1902-04 and the other Jidballi. This bar was given to those who were present in that engage- ment and to those who formed part of the guard left behind during the engagement in charge of the baggage under command of Major W. B.-Mullins of the 27th Punjabis. The ist Hampshire was the only British regiment employed, and it, as well as the crews of the follow- ing ships, received the medal and bar for Somaliland : H.M.S. Cossack, Dryad, Fox, Harrier, Highflyer, Hussar, Hyacinth, Merlin, Mohawk, Naiad, Perseus, Pomone, Por- poise, and Redbreast. Amongst the other troops employed were : A section of the Rifle Brigade and the Norfolk Regiment, two sections of the Yorkshire Regiment, Lahore Mountain Battery, 27th Punjabis, 2nd Sikhs, ist, 2nd, 3rd, and 5th King's African Rifles, Umballa and Poona Mounted Infantry, 5th Indian Mounted Infantry, Tribal Horse, Bombay Sappers and Miners, Bikanir Camel Corps, I3th Rajputs, Gudabursi Horse, Kajawa Corps, and Army Bearer Corps. AND DECORATIONS. 181 On January ist, 1905, King Edward VII. authorised a further issue of bars with the Africa N. Nigeria, General Service Medal. A bar inscribed N. Nigeria, 1902 was granted to all officers and men under the command of Captain G. C. Merrick, R.A., at Argungu, and on French convoy duty between June i5th and November soth, 1902. Officers and men who between July 7th, 1902, and June, 1903, took part in the operations in Southern s. Nigeria, Nigeria under Colonel A. F. Montanaro, C.B., R.A., against the Uris, and the people of Omonoha and Ebima respectively ; and the operations under Lieu- tenant-Colonel W. C. G. Heneker, D.S.O., Con- naught Rangers, against Chief Adukukaiku of Igarra received the medal and bar for S. Nigeria 1902-03. On February ist, 1905, King Edward VII. approved of the grant of a silver medal to the Tibet, members of the Tibet Mission and accompanying 19 force, who served at, or beyond, Siliguri between December I3th, 1903, and September 23rd, 1904. A bar inscribed Gyantse was given to those who were present during the operations at and around Gyantse between May 3rd and July 6th, 1904. The medal was given in bronze to all authorised followers who accom- panied the Mission, or force engaged. Obverse : Bust of King Edward VII. to the left, in uniform, surmounted by the legend Kaiser-i-Hind. Reverse : A fortress ; below : Tibet, 1903-4. Bar and clasp as for the India General Service Medal 1854. Ribbon : Red, with green borders and two white stripes. The expeditionary force consisted of : The Royal Fusiliers, 8th Gurkhas, Q.O. Sappers and Miners, 6th Mule Corps, 4oth Pathans, R.A. Mountain Battery, 32nd Sikh Pioneers, and a detachment of the Norfolk Regiment. i82 BRITISH WAR MEDALS In April, 1905, the Africa General Service Medal was again issued, with a bar inscribed N. Nigeria 1903, to those officers, soldiers, and others of the N. Nigeria, Imperial and Colonial Forces engaged in the Sokato- 3' Burmi operations between April I5th and July 27th, !903, both dates inclusive. It was issued to those who had not received the medal and bar authorised in October, 1903. In January, 1906, the following issue of the medal and bars was authorised : N. Nigeria 1903-4, to all officers and men who JJ; took part in the operations in the Bassa Province against the Okpotos, between December 23rd, 1903, and March i2th, 1904. Three hundred men of the West African Frontier Force, and 400 carriers, were the only troops employed. N.Nigeria, N. Nigeria 1904, for the following expeditions : 1. March, 1904, in the Dakkakerri country. 2. March 25th and April i8th, 1904, in the country north of Wase against the pagan tribes. 3. October, 1904, against the people of Semolika. 4. July, 1904, against the Kilba tribe, north of the Yola. S. Nigeria 1903, for the following expeditions : s- NigJ5jj*f i. September to October ist, 1903, on the Nun River. 2. September i6th and 25th, 1903, in the Eket district. 3. December ist and 5th, 1903, in the Mkpani country. S. Nigeria 1903-4, to all those who took part s. Nigeria, in the expedition against the towns : Osea, Oriri, and ' N'doto between December 24th, 1903, and January I5th, 1904. S. Nigeria 1904, for the under-mentioned expedi- S. Nigeria, tionS I 1904. i. January I2th-March 3 ist, 1904, in the Northern Ibibio District. AND DECORATIONS. 183 2. January lyth-April 25th, 1904, against the natives of Asaba Hinterland. 3. March 2ist-April 24th, 1904, in the Kwale country. 4. March, 1904, in the Owerri district, on the right bank of the Imo river. 5. February 3rd-June 3rd, 1904, at Obokum. In June, 1906, King Edward VII. approved of a clasp being issued with the Africa General Service s. Nigeria, Medal, inscribed 5". Nigeria 1904-5, for operations in the Ibibio and Kwa countries between November i5th, 1904, and February 27th, 1905, both dates inclusive. By Army Order 277 of December, 1906, the King authorised a further distribution of the medal and bars for the following expeditions : — Kissi 1905, to all officers and men who took part in the operations in the Kissi country, under Capt. Kissi, 1905. C. E. Palmer, R.A., between March 27th and June 28th, 1905. S. Nigeria 1905-06, to the columns which con- centrated at Bende and Oka, under the commands of s. Nigeria, Bt.-Major H. M. Trenchard, Royal Scots Fusiliers, I9°5" and Capt. G. T. Mair, R.F.A., and took part in the Bende-Onitsha Hinterland Expedition. Nandi 1905-06, to all who took part in the opera- tions in the Nandi country between October i8th, 1905, and February 27th, 1906, under Lieut.-Colonel *9 E. G. Harrison, D.S.O., &c. By Army Order 92, 1909, the date was extended to July 6th, 1906. 5. Nigeria 1905, to all officers and men employed in the operations in the Kwale district between s. Nigeria, October loth and i8th, 1905. By Army Order 260, of November, 1907, King Edward VII. approved of the medal, with bar, in- N.Nigeria scribed N. Nigeria 1906, being granted to the forces I9 who — 1 84 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (a) Under the command of the late Lieut. F. E. Blackwood, East Surrey Regiment, and Captain R. H. Goodwin, R.G.A., took part in the operations against the Satiru rebels, near Sokoto, from February i4th to March nth, 1906, both dates inclusive. (b) Under the command of Colonel A. W. G. Lowry Cole, D.S.O., Northern Nigeria Regiment, W.A.F.F., took part in the operations against the Emir of Hadeija, from April i6th to 24th, 1906, both dates inclusive. So far twenty-seven different bars have been issued with the Africa General Service Medal. The following bars were added to the Khedive's Khedive's Sudan medal in 1905 and 1906: — Sudan Bahrdef Bahr-el-Ghazel 1900-2, for operations which resulted in the re-occupation of the Bahr-el-Ghazel province of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Jerok, for operations against Wad-el-Mahmud, jerok. under Colonel Goringe, C.M.G., D.S.O., in the Blue Nile Province of Egyptian Sudan in 1904. Nyam-Nyam, for operations against the Nyam- - Nyam tribes in Bahr-el-Ghazel Province of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan in 1905. By an Army Order, dated December nth, 1908, India King Edward VII. approved of a new medal being service struck to commemorate military operations in or on the frontier of India, and to take the place of the medal granted in 1903, and to be in future known as the India General Service Medal, 1908. Obverse, the bust of King Edward VII. facing left. Legend, " Edwardus VII Kaisar-i-Hind." Reverse, a fort with a mountainous background, and the word AND DECORATIONS. 185 " India" on a tablet at the base of the scene, with oak and olive branches on either side. An orna- mental clasp and swivel like that on all the earlier India General Service medals is added for suspen- sion. Ribbon, dark blue edged with green. It was issued in May, 1910. The medal and bar are silver, and they were also issued in bronze to native "camp followers, &c. The medal, with bar inscribed North-West Frontier, 1908, was issued to all troops, and all en- rolled and attested followers: — (i) Who formed part of the Bazar Valley Field Force between February 1 4th and March ist, 1908, both dates inclusive, except those who did not proceed beyond Ali Musjid. (2) Who served north of the Adinazai boat-bridge between April igth and 25th, 1908. (3) Who were at Landi-Kotal between May 2nd and 4th, 1908. (4) Who formed part of the Mohmand Field Force between May I2th and 3ist, 1908. The following troops took part in the operations : British: loth Hussars; Northumberland Fusiliers; Warwick- shire Regiment; West Yorkshire Regiment; Gordon High- landers; Seaforth Highlanders; Royal Irish Rifles; and Royal Munster Fusiliers; 2nd, 3rd, 8th, 2ist, 22nd, 23rd, 28th Mountain Batteries; six guns i8th Batteries R.F.A. ; six guns 8oth Batteries R.F.A. ; 62nd, 75th, Batteries R.F.A. ; yist Company R.G.A. ; Nos. i and 7 British Field Hospital. Native: igth Lancers; 37th Lancers; 2ist Cavalry; Cavalry of Q.O. Corps of Guides; ist, 4th, 5th, 6th Goorkhas ; I5th, 23rd, 34th 45th, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 57th, 5Qth Sikhs; iQth, 2oth, 2ist, 22nd, 25th, 28th, 29th, 3oth, 33rd Punjabis; Q.O. Corps of Guides Infantry: 4oth Pathans ; two columns No. 6 Sappers and Miners; loist, io2nd, iO3rd, ii2th, and H3th Native Field Hospitals. This completes the list of campaign medals issued to the end of the glorious reign of his late Majesty Edward VII. — a good, and great King. MEDALS AWARDED FOR MERITORIOUS SERVICE, &c. Victoria Cross, 1856. NUMBER of medals have been in- stituted from time to time as rewards for valour, long service, good con- duct, etc. The principal one is the " Victoria Cross." It was instituted by Royal Warrant June 2Qth, 1856, and revised April 23rd, 1881. The Warrant begins: — Whereas we take into our Royal consideration that there exists no means of adequately rewarding the individual gallant services, either of officers of the lower grades in our naval and military service, or of warrant and petty officers, seamen, and marines in our navy, and non-commissioned officers and soldiers in our army, it is ordained that the cross shall only be awarded to those officers or men who served us in the presence of the enemy, and shall have then performed some signal act of valour or devotion to their country. The idea originated with the late Prince Consort, and he is said to have designed the medal. Officers and men of the auxiliary and reserve forces are also eligible for the decoration. In the case of warrant officers, seamen, marines, non-commissioned officers, and privates, the Cross carries with it an annuity of £10 per annum, and £$ extra per annum is added for each additional bar. BRITISH WAR MEDALS 187 In July, 1898, it was decided that, at the Secretary Of State's discretion, a sum of ^50 a year may be granted by way of pension in lieu of the £10 which has accompanied the V.C. since its institution. On August 8th, 1902, King Edward VII. sanctioned the Cross being given to the representatives of soldiers who would have been entitled to it had they survived, for services during the Boet War. Hitherto, when a soldier had been recommended for the Cross, but had died before it could be given, his name appeared in jthe Gazette, but the decoration was not given to his relatives. In addition to the Boer War, the rule was made retrospective on the above-mentioned date. The decoration consists of a bronze Maltese cross, i Jin. square, and is made from captured cannon. On the obverse, in the centre, is the British lion and crown ; and below, on a scroll, the words, For Valour. The Cross has a raised edge, -fain, wide, with one of similar width the same distance from the outer one. A small pierced lug is attached to the top limb for suspension. The reverse also has a raised edge, and a raised circle in the centre. A laureated clasp, ijin. wide, is attached for suspension, and a F below is connected to the Cross by a small link. The name and regiment of the recipient are engraved upon the back of the clasp; and the date of the act of bravery is engraved inside the circle on the reverse of the medal. For each additional act of bravery a bar is given, upon which is engraved the date of the action. The Cross is worn with a red ribbon, i Jin. wide, by recipients in the Army, and with a blue ribbon by those in the Navy. Should a recipient of the V.C. at any time be con- victed of crime or cowardice, the Cross is forfeited; 1 88 BRITISH WAR MEDALS and in the case of a non-commissioned officer, or private the pension is withdrawn. The following is an alphabetical list of the winners since the institution, with the date when, and cam- paign in which, the action was performed ; also the rank of the recipient on receipt of the Cross, the ulti- mate rank attained, and whether alive, or still serving. Ablett, A., Sergeant, Grenadier Guards. September 2nd, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Adams, Rev. J. W., Bengal Ecclesiastical Establishment. December nth, 1879, Afghanistan. Deceased. Adams, Robert Bellew, Major and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, Indian Staff Corps. August lyth, 1897, Nawa Kili, Upper Swat Valley. Now Major-General, C.B. Addison, H., Private, 43rd Foot. January 2nd, 1859, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Aikman, F. R., Lieutenant, 4th Bengal Native Infantry. March ist, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel. Deceased. Aitken, R. H. M., Lieutenant, i3th Bengal Native Infantry. June 30th and November 22nd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel. Deceased. Albrecht, H., Trooper, Imperial Light Horse. January 6th, 1900, Waggon Hill, Ladysmith, South Africa. Posthumous award, August 8th, 1902. Alexander, J., Private, goth Foot. June i8th and September 6th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased, n, W., Allen, W., Corporal, 24th Foot. January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Afterwards Colour-Sergeant. Deceased. Anderson, C., Private, '2nd Dragoon Guards. October 8th, 1855, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Anson, The Hon. A. H. A., Captain, 84th Foot. September 28th and November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. After- wards Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel. Deceased. Arthur, T., Gunner and Driver, Royal Artillery. June ;th and i8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Ashford, J., Private, 7th Foot. August i6th, 1880, Afghanistan. Army Reserve. Atkinson, A., Sergeant, Yorkshire Regiment. February i8th, 1900, Paardeberg, South Africa. Posthumous aware' August 8th, 1902. Aylmer, F. J., Captain, Royal Engineers. December 2nd, 1891 Nilt Fort, Hunza-Naga. Now Major-General, C.B. Babtie, William, Major, C.M.G., Royal Army Medical Corj December i5th, 1899, Colenso, South Africa. Now Colon< AND DECORATIONS. 189 aker, C. G., Lieutenant, Bengal Police. September 27th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. ambrick, V., Private, 6oth Foot. May 6th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. anks, W. G. H., Cornet, yth Hussars. March igth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. arry, J., Private, ist Battalion Royal Irish Regiment. Jan- uary 7th-8th, 1901, Monument Hill, South Africa. Posthu- mous award, August 8th, 1902. axter, F. W., Trooper, Bulawayo Field Force. April 22nd, 1896, South Africa. Posthumous award, January 15th, 1907. each, T., Private, 55th Foot. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. ees, W., Private, ist Battalion Derbyshire Regiment. Sep- tember 30th, 1901, Moedwil, South Africa. Discharged. eet, H., Corporal, ist Battalion Derbyshire Regiment, April 22nd, 1900, Wakkerstroom, South Africa. Discharged. ell, F. W., Lieutenant, West Australian Mounted Infantry. May i6th, 1901, Brakpan, South Africa. Reserve of Officers. ell, D., Private, 24th Foot, May 7th, 1867, Andaman Islands. Discharged on pension. ell, E. W. D., Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, 23rd Foot. Sep- tember 2oth, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Jell, M. S., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. February 4th, 1874, Ashantee. Afterwards Colonel, C.B., Queen's Aide-de- Camp. Deceased. Jeresford, Lord W., Captain, gth Lancers. July 3rd, 1879, South Africa. Afterwards Colonel, K.C.I.E. Deceased. Sergin, J., Private, 33rd Foot. April i3th, 1868, Abyssinia. Deceased. 3erryman, J., Troop Sergeant-Major, i7th Lancers. Sep- tember 2oth, October 25th, and November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Special bar given for the Battle of Inkermann. Afterwards Major (retired pay). Deceased. 3isdee, J. H., Private, Tasmanian Imperial Bushmen. Sep- tember ist, 1900, Warmbath, South Africa. Common- wealth Military Forces. 31air, J., Captain, 2nd Bombay Light Cavalry. August I2th and October 23rd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards General, C.B., Indian Army. Deceased. Jlair, R., Lieutenant, 2nd Dragoon Guards. September 28th, '857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Sogle, A. C., Lieutenant, 78th Foot. July 29th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Major, 23rd Foot. Deceased. Soisragon, G. H., Lieutenant, Indian Staff Corps. December 2nd, 1891, Nilt Fort, Hunza-Naga. Now Major. Sooth, A., Colour-Sergeant, 8oth Foot. March i2th, 1879, South Africa. Deceased. i go BRITISH WAR MEDALS Boulger, A., Lance-Corporal, 84th Foot. July i2th and Septem- ber 25th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Quartermaster (Honorary Lieut.-Colonel). Deceased. Bourchier, C. T., Lieutenant, ist Battalion Rifle Brigade. November 2oth, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Colonel. Deceased. Boyes, D. G., Midshipman, R.N. September 6th, 1864, Japan. Deceased. Bradley, F. G., Driver, 6gth Battery Royal Field Artillery. September 26th, 1901, Itala, Zululand, South Africa. Army Reserve. Bradshaw, J., Private, 2nd Battalion Rifle Brigade. April 22nd, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Bradshaw, W., Assistant-Surgeon, Qoth Foot. September 26th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Brennan, J., Bombardier, Royal Artillery. April 3rd, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Brofnhead, G., Lieutenant, 24th Foot. January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Afterwards Major. Deceased. Brown, F. D. M., Lieutenant, ist Ben,gal European Fusiliers. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel, Bengal Staff Corps. Deceased. Brown, E. D., Major, i4th Hussars. October i3th, 1900, Geluk, South Africa. Now Brevet-Colonel Brown-Synge- Hutchinson. Browne, E. S., Lieutenant, 24th Foot. March 29th, 1879, South Africa. Afterwards Colonel. Deceased. Browne, H. G., Captain, 32nd Foot. August 2 ist, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel Gore-Browne. Retired. Browne, P., Trooper, Cape Mounted Rifles. April 8th, 1879, South Africa. Deceased. Browne, S. J., Captain, 46th Bengal Native Infantry. August 3 ist, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards General Sir S. J., G.C.B., K.C.S.I., Indian Staff Corps. Deceased. Buckley, C. W., Commander, R.N. May 29th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Captain. Deceased. Buckley, J., Deputy-Assistant Commissary of Ordnance (Ben- gal). May nth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Buller, R. H., Lieutenant-Colonel, 6oth Foot. March 28th, 1879, South Africa. Afterwards General Right Hon. Sir R. H., G.C.B., K.C.M.G. Deceased. Burgoyne, H. T., Commander, R.N. May 29th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Captain. Deceased. Burslem, T. A., Lieutenant, 67th Foot. August 2 ist, 1860, China. Afterwards Captain. Deceased. Butler, T. A., Lieutenant, ist Bengal European Fusiliers. March gth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Major. Deceased. AND DECORATIONS. 191 Byrne, James, Private, 86th Foot. April 3rd, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Byrne, John, Private, 68th Foot. November 5th, 1854, and May nth, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Byrne, T., Private, 2ist Lancers. September 2nd, 1898, Khartoum. Bythesea, John, Commander, R.N. August gth and i2th, 1854, Baltic (Crimea). Now Rear-Admiral, C.B., C.I.E. Retired. Cadell, T., Lieutenant, 2nd Bengal Fusiliers. June i2th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Now Colonel, Bengal Staff Corps. Cafe, W. M., Captain, 56th Bengal Native Infantry. April i5th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards General, Indian Army. Deceased. Cambridge, D., Sergeant, Royal Artillery. September 8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Cameron, A. S., Lieutenant, 72nd Foot. March 3Oth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel, C.B. Deceased. Carlin, P., Private, I3th Foot. April 6th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Carter, H. A., Lieutenant, Indian Army. December iQth, 1903, Jidballi, Somaliland. Now Captain. Champion, J., Troop Sergeant-Major, 8th Hussars. September 8th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Sergeant-Major. Discharged on pension. Channer, G. N., Captain, Bengal Staff Corps. December 2oth, 1875, Perak. Afterwards Lieutenant-General, C.B. De- ceased. Chaplin, J. W., Ensign, 67th Foot. August 2ist, 1860, China. Now Colonel, C.B. Retired. Chard, J. R. M., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers, January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Afterwards Brevet-Colonel. Deceased. Chase, W. St. L., Lieutenant, Bombay Staff Corps. August i6th, 1880, Afghanistan. Afterwards Colonel. Deceased. Chicken, G. B., Mr., Indian Naval Brigade. September 4th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Clements, J. J., Corporal, Remington Guides, February 24th, 1900, Strijdenburg, South Africa. Discharged. Clifford, The Hon. H. H., Brevet Major, ist Battalion Rifle Brigade. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Major- General. Deceased. Clogstoun, H. M., Captain, i9th Madras Native Infantry. January i5th, 1859, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Cobbe, A. S., Captain, D.S.O., Indian Army (local Lieutenant- Colonel ist [Central Africa] Battalion King's African Rifles), Erego. October 6th, 1902, Somaliland. Now Lieutenant-Colonel, D.S.O. Cochrane, H. S., Lieutenant and Adjutant, 86th Foot. April ist, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel. Deceased. BRITISH WAR MEDALS Cockburn, H. Z. C., Lieutenant, Royal Canadian Dragoons. November 7th, 1900, Komati River, South Africa. Now Major, Canadian Reserve of Officers. Coffey, W., Private, 34th Foot. March 29th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Coghill, N. J. A., Lieutenant, 24th Foot. January 22nd, 1879, South Africa. Posthumous award. January i$th, 1907. Coghlan, C., Sergeant-Major, 75th Foot. June 8th and July i8th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Discharged on pension. Coleman, J., Sergeant, 97th Foot. August joth, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Colliss, J., Gunner, Royal Horse Artillery. July 27th, 1880, Afghanistan. Discharged. Colvin, J. M. C., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. September i6th, 1897, Mamund Valley. Now Major. Commerell, J. E., Commander, R.N. October nth, 1855, Sea of Azof?, Crimea. Afterwards Admiral Sir J. E., G.C.B., Commander-in-Chief at Portsmouth. Deceased. Congreve, W. W., Captain, Rifle Brigade. December i5th, 1899, Colenso, South Africa. Now Colonel. Connolly, W., Gunner, Bengal Horse Artillery. July 7th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Connors, J., Private, 3rd Foot. September 8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Conolly, J. A., Lieutenant, 49th Foot. October 26th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Lieutenant-Colonel, promoted to the Coldstream Guards. Deceased. Cook, J., Captain, Bengal Staff Corps. December 2nd, 1878, Afghanistan.. Afterwards Major. Deceased. Cook, W., Private, 42nd Foot. January i5th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Cooper, H., Boatswain, R.N. June 3rd, 1855, Crimea. De- ceased. Cooper, J., Private, 24th Foot. May 7th, 1867, Andaman Islands. Deceased. Corbett, T., Private, 3rd Battalion King's Royal Rifle Corps. August 5th, 1882, E,gypt. Deceased. Costello, E. W., Lieutenant, Indian Staff Corps. July 26th, 1897, Malakand. Now Captain. Coulson, G. H. B., Lieutenant and Adjutant King's Own Scot- tish Borderers. May i8th, 1901, Lambrechtfontein, South Africa. Posthumous award. August 8th, 1902. Craig, J., Sergeant, Scots Fusilier Guards. September 6th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Crandon, H. G., Private, i8th Hussars. July 4th, 1901, Spring- bok Laagte, South Africa. Army Reserve. Creagh, O'M., Captain, Bombay Staff Corps. April 2ist, 1879, Afghanistan. Now General Sir, K.C.B. Crean, T. J., Surgeon-Captain, ist Imperial Light Horse. December i8th, 1901, Tygerskloof, South Africa. Retired. AND DECORATIONS. 193 Crimmin, J., Surgeon, Bombay Medical Service. January ist, 1889, Burmah. Now Surgeon-Lieutenant-Colonel, C.I.E. Crowe, J. P. H., Lieutenant, y8th Foot. August i2th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Cubitt, W. G., Lieutenant, i3th Bengal Native Infantry. June 30th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel, D.S.O. Deceased. Cuninghame, W. J. M., ist Lieutenant, ist Battalion Rifle Brigade. November 2oth, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Major-General Sir W. J. M., Bart. Deceased. Curtis, H., Boatswain's Mate, R.N. June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Curtis, A. E., Private, 2nd* Battalion East Surrey Regiment. February 23rd, 1900, South Africa. Now Sergeant. Dalton, J. L., Assistant-Commissary, Staff. January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Deceased. Danahar, J., Trooper, Nourse's Light Horse. January i6th, 1881, South Africa. Now Sergeant in the Connaught Rangers. Daniels, E. St. J., Midshipman, R.N. November 5th, 1854, and June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. D'Arcy, C., Captain, Frontier Light Horse. July 3rd, 1879, South Africa. Deceased. Daunt, J. C. C., Lieutenant, nth Bengal Native Infantry. October 2nd and November 2nd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel. Deceased. Davis, G., Captain, Royal Artillery. September 8th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Major-General. Deceased. Davis, J., Private, 42nd Foot. April I5th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Day, G. Fiott, Commander, R.N., October, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Captain. Deceased. De Montmorency, the Honourable R. H. L. J., Lieutenant, 2 ist Lancers. September 2nd, 1898, Khartoum. Deceased. Dempsey, D., Private, loth Foot. August i2th, 1857, and March i4th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Diamond, B., Sergeant, Bengal Horse Artillery. September 28th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Dick-Cunyngham, W. H., Lieutenant, 92nd Regiment. Decem- ber i3th, 1879, Afghanistan. Afterwards Lieutenant- Colonel. Deceased. Dickson, C., C.B., Captain and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, Royal Artillery, October i7th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards General Sir C., G.C.B., Colonel Commandant, Royal Artillery. Deceased. Digby-Jones, R. J. T., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. Janu- ary 6th, 1901, Waggon Hill, Ladysmith, South Africa. Posthumous award, August 8th, 1902. O 194 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Divane, J., Private, 6oth Foot. September loth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Dixon, M. C., Captain and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, Royal Artillery. April i7th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Major- General, C.B., Royal Artillery. Deceased. Donohoe. P., Private, gth Lancers. September 28th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Doogan, J., Private, ist Dragoon Guards. January 28th, 1881, South Africa. Discharged on pension. Douglas, C. M., M.D., Assistant-Surgeon, 24th Foot. May 7th, 1867, Andaman Islands. Afterwards Surgeon-Lieu- tenant-Colonel. Deceased. Douglas, H. E. M., Lieutenant, Royal Army Medical Corps. December nth, 1899, Magersfontein, South Africa. Now Surgeon-Captain, IXS.O. Dowell, G. D., Lieutenant, Royal Marine Artillery. July i3th, 1855, Baltic (Crimea). Now Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel. Retired on half-pay. Dowling, W., Private, 32nd Foot, July 4th and gth, and Sep- tember 27th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Down, J. F., Ensign, 57th Foot. October 2nd, 1863, New Zealand. Deceased. Doxat, A. C., Lieutenant, 3rd Battalion Imperial Yeomanry. October 2oth, 1900, Zeerust, South Africa. Duffy, T., Private, ist Madras Fusiliers. September 26th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Dugdale, F. B., Lieutenant, 5th Lancers. March 3rd, 1901, Derby,, South Africa. Deceased. Dundas, J., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. April 3oth, 1865, Bhootan. Deceased. Dunlay, J., Lance-Corporal, 93rd Foot. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Dunn, A. R., Lieutenant, nth Hussars. October 25th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Durrant, E., Private, 2nd Battalion Rifle Brigade. August 27th, 1900, Bergendal, South Africa. Now Lance-Corporal. Dynon, D., Sergeant, 53rd Foot. October 2nd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Edwards, T., Private, 42nd Foot. March I3th, 1884, Egypt. Army Reserve. Edwards, W. W. M., Lieutenant, 2nd Battalion Highland Light Infantry (74th Foot). September i3th, 1882, Egypt. Now Major, retired. Gentleman-at-Arms. Elphinstone, H. C., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Major-General Sir H. C., K.C.B., C.M.G. Deceased. Elton, F. C., Brevet-Major, 55th Foot. August 4th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Lieutenant-Colonel. Deceased. AND DECORATIONS. 195 Engleheart, H., Sergeant, loth Hussars. March i3th, 1900, Bloemfontein, South Africa. English, W. J., Lieutenant, 2nd Scottish Horse. July 3rd, 1901, Vlakfontein, South Africa. Now Lieutenant Army Service Corps. Esmonde, T., Captain, i8Th Foot. June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel. Deceased. Evans, S., Private, igth Foot. April i3th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Farmer, J. J., Lance-Corporal, Army Hospital Corps. February 2yth, 1881, South Africa. Now Corporal. Discharged on Pension. Farmer, Donald, Sergeant, ^st Battalion Cameron Highlanders. December i3th, 1900, Noitgedacht, South Africa. Now Colour-Sergeant. Farquharson, F. E. H., Lieutenant, 42nd Foot. March gth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Farrell, J., Quartermaster-Sergeant, i7th Lancers. October 25th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Ffrench, A. K., Lieutenant, 53rd Foot. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Captain. Deceased. Fincastle, Viscount, Lieutenant, i6th Lancers. August lyth, 1897, Nawa Kili, Upper Swat Valley. Now Earl of Dun- more, Major. Retired. Findlater, Piper, ist Gordon Highlanders. October 2oth, 1897, Dargai Heights. Discharged. Firth, W., Sergeant, ist Battalion West Riding Regiment. February 24th, 1900, Arundel, Cape Colony, South Africa. Discharged. Fitz-Clarence, Charles, Captain, Royal Fusiliers. October i4th and 27th, 1899, Mafeking, South Africa. Now Lieutenant- Colonel. Fitzgerald, R., Gunner, Bengal Horse Artillery. September 28th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Fitzgibbon, A., Hospital Apprentice, Indian Medical Establish- men. August 2 ist, 1860, China. Deceased. Fitzpatrick, F., Private, 94th Foot. November 28th, 1879, South Africa. Discharged. Flawn, T., Private, 94th Foot. November 28th, 1879, South Africa. Army Reserve. Flinn, T., Drummer, 64th Foot. November 28th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Private. Deceased. Forrest, G., Captain, Bengal Veterinary Establishment. May nth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Fosbery, G. V., Lieutenant, 4th Bengal European Regiment. October 3oth, 1863, Umbeyla. Afterwards Lieutenant- Colonel. Deceased. Fowler, E., Private, goth Foot. March 28th, 1879, South Africa. Afterwards Colour-Sergeant in the Royal Irish Regiment. Discharged. O 2 196 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Eraser, C C., Major, yth Hussars. December 3ist, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Lieutenant-General, C.B. ; Colonel, 8th Hussars. Deceased. Freeman, J., Private, gth Lancers. October loth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Gardiner, G., Colour-Sergeant, 57th Foot. March 22nd, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Gardner, W., Colour-Sergeant, 42nd Foot. May 5th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Quartermaster-Sergeant. De- ceased. Garvin, S., Colour-Sergeant, 6oth Foot. June 23rd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Gifford, Lord E. F., Lieutenant, 24th Foot. February ist, 1874, Ashantee. Now Brevet-Major. Retired. Gill, P., Sergeant-Major, Loodiana Regiment. June 4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Glascock, Henry, Driver, Q Battery Royal Horse Artillery. March 3ist, 1900, Korn Spruitt, South Africa. Discharged. Goate, W., Lance-Corporal, gth Lancers. March 6th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Goodfellow, C. A., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. October 6th, 1859, Indian Mutiny. Now Colonel-Commandant. Goodlake, G. L., Brevet Major, Coldstream Guards. October 26th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Lieutenant-General. De- ceased. Gordon, W. J., Lance-Corporal, ist West India Regiment. March I3th, 1892, West Coast of Africa. Afterwards Ser- geant. (Native.) Discharged. Gordon, William Engleson, Captain, Gordon Highlanders, July nth, 1900, Leehvenook, South Africa. Now Brevet- Lieutenant-Colonel. Gorman, J., Seaman, R.N. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Gough, C. J. S., Captain, 5th Bengal European Cavalry. August i5th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Now General Sir C. J. S., G.C.B., Indian Army. Gough, H. H., Lieutenant, ist Bengal European Light Cavalry. November i2th, 1857, and February 25th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards General Sir H. H., G.C.B. Indian Staff Corps. Deceased. Gough, J. E., Major, Rifle Brigade. April 22nd, 1903, Dara- toleh, Somaliland. Now Colonel, A.D.C. Grady, T., Private, 4th Foot. October i8th and November 22nd, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Sergeant. Deceased. Graham, G., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Lieutenant-General Sir G., G.C.M.G., K.C.B. Deceased. Graham, P., Private, goth Foot. November i7th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. AND DECORATIONS. 197 Grant, C. J. W., Lieutenant, Madras Staff Corps. March 26th, 1891, Manipur. Now Lieutenant-Colonel. Grant, J. D., Lieutenant, 8th Ghurkhas. July 6th, 1904. Gyantse, Thibet. Now Captain. Grant, P., Private, 93rd Foot. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Grant, R., Sergeant, 5th Foot. September 24th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Green, P., Private, 75th Foot. September nth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colour-Sergeant. Deceased. Grieve, J., Sergeant-Major, 2tid Dragoons. October 25th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Griffiths, W., Private, 24th Foot. May 7th, 1867, Andaman Islands. Deceased. Guise, J. C., Major, goth Foot. November i6th and i7th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Lieutenant-General, C.B. Deceased. Guy, Basil John Douglas, Midshipman, H.M.S. "Barfleur." July I3th, 1900, Tientsin, China. Now Lieutenant. Hackett, T. B., Lieutenant, 23rd Foot. November i8th, 1857. Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel. Deceased. Hale, T. E., M.D., Assistant-Surgeon, 7th Foot. September 8th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Surgeon-Major. Deceased. Hall, W., Coloured Seaman, H.M.S. "Shannon." November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Halliday, Lewis Stratford Tollemache, Captain, Royal Marine Light Infantry. June 24th, 1900, Pekin, China. Now Major. Hamilton, T. de C., Captain, 68th Foot. May nth, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Lieutenant-Colonel (Major-General), late 64th Foot. Deceased. Hamilton, W. R. P., Lieutenant, Bengal Staff Corps. April 2nd, 1879, Afghanistan. Deceased. Hammond, A. G., Captain, Bengal Staff Corps. December i4th, 1879, Afghanistan. Now Colonel Sir, D.S.O., A.D.C., K.C.B. Hampton, H., Sergeant, 2nd Battalion Liverpool Regiment. August 2ist, 1900, Van Wyk's Vlei, South Africa. Hancock, T., Private, gth Lancers. June igth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Hardham, W. J., Farrier-Major, 4th New Zealand Contingent. January 28th, 1901, Naauwpoort, South Africa. Now Lieutenant. Harding, I., Gunner, H.M.S. "Alexandra." July nth, 1882, Egypt. Afterwards Chief Gunner. Retired. Harrington, H. E., Lieutenant, Bengal Artillery. November i4th and 22nd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. i g8 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Harrison, J., A.B. Seaman, R.N. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Hart, R. C., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. January 3ist, 1879, Afghanistan. Now Lieutenant-General Sir, K.C.B. Hartigan, H., Sergeant, gth Lancers. June 8th, October loth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Hartley, E. B., Surgeon-Major, Cape Mounted Rifles. June 5th, 1879, South Africa. Now Surgeon-Colonel. Havelock, H. M., Lieutenant, loth Foot. July i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Lieutenant-General Sir H. M. Havelock-Allan, Bart, G.C.B. Deceased. Hawkes, D., Private, Rifle Brigade. March nth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Hawthorne, R., Bugler, 52nd Foot. September i4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Heaphy, C., Major, Auckland Militia. February nth, 1864, New Zealand. Deceased. Heaton, William, Private, ist Battalion Liverpool Regiment. August 23rd, 1900. South Africa. Discharged. Heathcote, A. S., Lieutenant, 6oth Foot. June to September, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Retired. Henderson, H. S., Trooper, Bulawayo Field Force. South Africa. March 3oth, 1896. Heneage, C. W., Captain, 8th Hussars. June i7th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Major. Deceased. Henry, A., Sergeant-Major, Royal Artillery. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Quartermaster and Captain. Deceased. Hewett, W. N. W., Lieutenant, R.N. October 26th and November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Special bar for Inkermann. Afterwards Vice-Admiral Sir W. N. W., K.C.B. Deceased. Hill, A. R., Lieutenant, 2nd Northamptonshire Regiment (s8th Foot). January 28th, 1881, South Africa. Now Major Hill-Walker. Retired. Hill, S., Sergeant, 9oth Foot. November i6th and i7th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Hills, J., Lieutenant, Bengal Artillery. July 9th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Now Lieutenant-General Sir J. Hills-Johnes, G.C.B., Royal Artillery. Retired. Hinckley, G., A.B. Seaman, R.N. October 9th, 1862, China. Deceased. Hitch, F., Private, 24th Foot. January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Discharged on pension. Hodge, S., Private, 4th West India Regiment. Coloured Soldier. June 3oth, 1866, Gambia River, West Africa. Deceased. Holland, E., Sergeant, Royal Canadian Dragoons. November 7th, 1900, Komati River, South Africa. Now Major. AND DECORATIONS. 199 Hollis, G., Farrier, 8th Hussars. June lyth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Hollowell, J., Private, y8th Foot. September 26th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Holmes, J., Private 84th Foot. October i7th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Home, A. D., Surgeon, Qoth Foot. September 26th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Now Surgeon-General Sir A. D., K.C.B. Retired. Home, D. C., Lieutenant, ist Bengal Engineers. September i4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Posthumous award. Hook, H., Private, 24th Foot. January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Deceased. Hope, W., Lieutenant, 7th Foot. June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Hore-Ruthven, the Honourable A. G. A., Captain, 3rd (Militia) Battalion Highland Light Infantry. September 22nd, 1898, Gedaref, Soudan. Now Captain ist Dragoon Guards. House, William, Private, 2nd Battalion Royal Berkshire Regi- ment. August 2nd, 1900, Mosilikatse Nek, South Africa. Now Lance-Corporal. Howse, N. R., Captain, New South Wales Medical Staff oorps. July 24th, 1900, Vredefort, South Africa. Now Major. Hughes, M., Private, 7th Foot. June 7th and i8th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Corporal. Deceased. Humpston, R., Private, 2nd Battalion Rifle Brigade. April 22nd, 1855. Afterwards Sergeant. Deceased. Ind, A. E., Shoeing-Smith, Royal Horse Artillery (XI. Section Pompoms). December 2oth, 1901, Tafelkop, Orange River Colony, South Africa. Ingouville, G., Captain of Mast, R.N. July i3th, 1855, Baltic (Crimea). Deceased. Inkson, E. T., Lieutenant, Royal Army Medical Corps. Feb- ruary 24th, 1900, South Africa. Now Major. Innes, J. J. McL., Lieutenant, ist Bengal Engineers. February 23rd, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Lieutenant-General, Royal Engineers. Deceased. Irwin, C., Private, 53rd Foot. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Jarrett, H. C. T., Lieutenant, 26th Bengal Native Infantry. October i4th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel, late Bengal Staff Corps. Deceased. Jee, J., C.B., Surgeon, 78th Foot. September 25th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Surgeon-Major (Deputy Inspector- General). Deceased. Jennings, E., Rough-rider, Bengal Artillery. November i4th to 22nd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. 200 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Jerome, H. E., Lieutenant, 86th Foot. April 3rd and May 28th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel (Major-General). Deceased. Johnstone, R., Captain, Imperial Light Horse. October 2ist, 1899, Elandslaagte, South Africa. Johnstone, W., Stoker, R.N. August 9th-i2th, 1854, Baltic (Crimea). Deceased. Jones, A. S., Lieutenant, 9th Lancers. June 8th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Lieutenant-Colonel, late I3th Foot. Deceased. Jones, H. M., Lieutenant, ;th Foot. June 7th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Captain. Deceased. Jones, R., Private, 24th Foot. January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Deceased. Jones, W., Private, 24th Foot. January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Discharged on pension. Kavanagh, T. H., Mr., Assistant-Commissioner in Oude, Bengal Civil Service. November 8th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Keatinge, R. H., Captain, Bombay Artillery. March i7th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards General, C.S.I., Indian Staff Corps. Deceased. Kellaway, J., Boatswain, R.N. September, 1855, Azoff (Crimea). Deceased. Kells, R., Lance-Corporal, 9th Lancers. September 28th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Trumpet-Major. Deceased. Kenna, P. A., Captain, 2ist Lancers. September 2nd, 1898, Khartoum. Now Colonel, D.S.O., A.D.C. Kennedy, C., Private, 2nd Battalion Highland Light Infantry. November 22nd, 1900, De Wetsdorp, South Africa. De- ceased. Kenny, J., Private, 53rd Foot. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Kerr, W. A., Lieutenant, 24th Bombay Native Infantry. July loth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Kirby, F., Corporal, Royal Engineers. June 2nd, 1900, South Africa. Now Sergeant-Major. Kirk, J., Private, loth Foot. June 4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Knight, H. J., Corporal, ist Battalion Liverpool Regiment, No. i Co., 4th Division Mounted Infantry. August 2ist, 1900, Van Wyk's Vlei, South Africa. Now Sergeant. Knox, J. S., Sergeant, Scots Fusilier Guards. September 2oth, 1854, and June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards in the Rifle Brigade ; afterwards Brevet-Major. Deceased. Lambert, G., Sergeant-Major, 84th Foot. July 29th, August i6th, and September 25th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. After- wards Lieutenant and Adjutant of his regiment. Deceased. AND DECORATIONS. 201 Lane, T., Private, 67th Regiment. August 2ist, 1860, China. Deceased. Loughnan, T., Gunner, Bengal Artillery. November i4th to 22nd, 1857. Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Lawrence, S. H., Lieutenant, 32nd Foot. July 7th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Brevet-Major, late nth Hussars. Deceased. Lawrence, T., Sergeant, i7th Lancers. August 7th, 1900, Essenbosch Farm, South Africa. Now Riding-Master i8th Hussars, Hon. Lieutenant. Lawson, E., Private, Gordon Highlanders October 2oth, 1897, Dargai Heights. Discharged. Leach, E. P., Captain, Royal Engineers. March 17th, 1879, Afghanistan. Now Lieutenant-General Sir, K.C.V.O. Leet, W. K., Major, i3th Foot. March 28th, 1879, South Africa. Afterwards Major-General, C.B. Deceased. Leitch, P., Colour-Sergeant, Royal Engineers. June i8th, 1855. Crimea. Deceased. Leith, J., Lieutenant, i4th Light Dragoons. April ist, 1858. Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Brevet-Major, late 3rd West Indian Regiment. Deceased. Lennox, W. O., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. November 2oth, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards General Sir W. O., K.C.B. Deceased. Lenon, E. H., Lieutenant, 67th Foot. August 2ist, 1860, China. Afterwards Major. Deceased. Le Quesne, F. S., Surgeon, Army Medical Staff. May 4th, 1889, Upper Burmah. Now Surgeon-Lieutenant-Colonel. Lindrim, W. J., Corporal, Royal Engineers. April nth, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Quartermaster-Sergeant, Staff Col- lege. Deceased. Lloyd, O. E. P., Surgeon, Medical Staff Corps. January 6th, 1893, Siina. Now Surgeon-Colonel. 'd-Lii Lloyd-Lindsay, R. J., Captain and Brevet-Major, Scots Fusilier Guards. September 2oth and November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Lord Wantage, Lieutenant-Colonel, K.C.B. Deceased. Lodge, Isaac, Gunner, Q Battery Royal Horse Artillery. March 3ist, 1900, Korn-Spruitt, South Africa. Discharged. Lucas, C. D., Mate, R.N. June 2ist, 1854, Baltic (Crimea). Afterwards Rear-Admiral. Deceased. This is the first action for which the Cross was given. Lucas, J., Colour-Sergeant, 4oth Foot. March i8th, 1861, New Zealand. Deceased. Lumley, C. H., Brevet-Major, 97th Foot. September 8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Lyons, J., Private, igth Foot. June loth, 1855, Crimea. De- ceased 202 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Lysons, H., Lieutenant, 2nd Battalion Scottish Rifles (goth) March 28th, 1879, South Africa. Afterwards Captain. Deceased. Lyster, H. H., Lieutenant, 72nd Bengal Native Infantry. May 23rd, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Now Lieutenant-General, C.B. McBean, W., Lieutenant and Adjutant, 93rd Foot. March nth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Lieutenant-Colonel. Deceased. McCorrie, C., Private, 57th Foot. June 23rd, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. McCrea, J. F., Surgeon, Cape Mounted Rifles. January i4th, 1881, South Africa. Deceased. McDermond, C., Private 47th Foot. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Macdonald, H., Colour-Sergeant, Royal Engineers. April icjth, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Quartermaster (Hon. Captain). Deceased. McDonell, W. F., Mr., Magistrate of Sarun, Bengal Civil Ser- vice. July 3Oth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. M'Dougall, John, Private, 44th Foot. August 2ist, 1860, China. Deceased. McGauran, John, Private, ist Bengal European Fusiliers. June 23rd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Sergeant. Deceased. M'Gaw, S., Lance-Sergeant, 42nd Foot. January 2ist, 1874, Ashantee. Deceased. McGregor, R., Private, 2nd Battalion Rifle Brigade. April 22nd, 1855, and Juty> J^55> Crimea. Afterwards Sergeant. Deceased. M'Guire, J., Sergeant, ist Bengal European Fusiliers. Sep- tember i4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased, M'Hale, P., Private, 5th Foot. October 2nd and December i2th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. M'Innes, H., Gunner, Bengal Artillery. November i4th to 22nd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Macintyre, D., Major, Bengal Staff Corps. January 4th, 1872, Looshai Expedition. Afterwards Major-General. De- ceased. Mackay, D., Private, 93rd Foot. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Mackay, J. F., Corporal, Gordon Highlanders. May 29th, 1900, Crow's Nest Hill, near Johannesburg, South Africa. Now Captain, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders. McKechnie, J., Sergeant, Scots Fusilier Guards. September 2oth, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. McKenna, E., Colour-Sergeant, 65th Regiment. September 7th, 1863, New Zealand. Afterwards Ensign. Deceased. MacManus, P., Private, 5th Foot. September 26th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Is il B AND DECORATIONS. 203 NT Master, V. M., Assistant-Surgeon, 78th Foot. September 25th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. McNeill, J. C., Lieutenant-Colonel, io7th Regiment. March 30th, 1864, New Zealand. Afterwards Major-General Sir J. C., K.C.B., K.C.M.G. Deceased. Mackenzie, John, Sergeant, Seaforth Highlanders. June 5th, 1900, Dornpoussi, Ashantee. Now Captain, Royal Scots. MacLean, H. L. S., Lieutenant, Indian Staff Corps. August 1 7th, 1897, Nowa Kili, Upper Swat Valley, India. Posthu- mous award, January i5th, 1907. Macpherson, H. T., Lieutenant, 78th Foot. September 25th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Major-General Sir H. T., K.C.B. Deceased. McPherson, S., Colour-Sergeant, 78th Foot. September 26th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. McQuirt, B., Private, 95th Foot. January 6th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Sergeant. Deceased. McWheeney, W., Sergeant, 44th Foot. October 20th and December 5th, 1854, and June i8th, 1855, Crimea. De- ceased. Madden, A., Sergeant-Major, 4ist Foot. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Magner, M., Drummer, 33rd Foot. April i3th, 1868, Ashantee. Deceased. Mahoney, P., Sergeant, ist Madras Fusiliers. September 2ist, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Malcomson, J. G., Lieutenant, 3rd Bombay Light Cavalry. February 8th, 1857, Persia. Afterwards Gentleman-at- Arms. Deceased. Malone, J., Sergeant, i3th Hussars, October 25th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Mangles, R. L., Assistant Magistrate at Patna, Bengal Civil Service. July 3Oth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Manley, W. G. N., Assistant-Surgeon, Royal Artillery. April 29th, 1864, Nevv Zealand. Afterwards Surgeon General. Deceased. Mansel-Jones, C., Captain, West Yorkshire Regiment. Feb- 4 ruary 27th, 1900, Terrace Hill, Tugela, South Africa. Marling, P. S., Lieutenant, King's Royal Rifle Corps. March i3th, 1884, Soudan. Now Colonel, C.B. Retired. Marshall, W., Quartermaster-Sergeant, igth Hussars. Feb- ruary 29th, 1884, Soudan. Now Quartermaster (Hon. Major). Retired. Martineau, H. R., Sergeant, Protectorate Regiment. Decem- ber 26th, 1899, Mafeking, South Africa. Discharged. Martin-Leake, Surgeon-Captain, South African Constabulary. February 8th, 1902, Vlakfontein, South Africa. 204 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Masterton, J. E. T., Lieutenant, ist Battalion Devonshire Regiment. January 6th, 1900, Waggon Hill, South Africa. Now Brevet- Major. Maude, F. C., Captain, C.B., Royal Artillery. July i2th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel. Military Knight of Windsor. Deceased. Maude, F. F., Major and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, C.B., 3rd Foot. September 8th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards General Sir F. F., G.C.B. Deceased. Maxwell, F. A., Lieutenant, D.S.O., Indian Staff Corps, attached to Roberts' Light Horse. March 3ist, 1900, Korn- Spruitt, South Africa. This was the first V.C. granted by King Edward VII. Now Major, D.S.O. Mayger, L. C., Lieutenant, 5th Victorian Mounted Rifles. November 23rd, 1901, Geelhootboom, South Africa. Now Major. Mayo, A., Midshipman, Indian Navy. November 22nd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Meiklejohn, M. F. M., Captain, Gordon Highlanders. Octo- ber 2ist, 1899, Elandslaagte, South Africa. Now Major. Melliss, C. J., Captain, Indian Staff Corps. September 3oth, 1900, Obassa, West Africa. Now Brevet-Colonel. Melville, T., Lieutenant, 24th Foot. January 22nd, 1879, South Africa. Posthumous award. January isth, 1907. Milbanke, Sir John F., Lieutenant, loth Hussars. January 5th, 1900, Colesburg, South Africa. Now Major. Millar, D., Private, 42nd Foot. January I5th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Miller, F., Captain, Royal Artillery. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Lieutenant-Colonel. Deceased. Miller, J., Conductor, Bengal Artillery. November 28th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Mitchell, S., Captain of the Foretop, H.M.S. " Harrier," April 29th, 1864, New Zealand. Deceased. Monaghan, T., Trumpeter, 2nd Dragoon Guards. October 8th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Monger, G., Private, 23rd Foot. November i8th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Moore, A. T., Lieutenant, 3rd Bombay Light Cavalry. Feb- ruary 8th, 1857, Persia. Now Major-General, C.B., Indian Staff Corps. Moore, H. G., Major, 88th Foot. December 29th, 1877, South Africa. Afterwards Colonel. Deceased. Morley, S., Private, Military Train. April I5th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Mouat, J., C.B., Surgeon, 6th Dragoons. October 25th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Surgeon-General Sir J., K.C.B., Hon. Surgeon to the Queen. Deceased. AND DECORATIONS. 205 Moynihan, A., Sergeant, goth Foot. September 8th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Ensign. Deceased. Mullane, P., Sergeant, Royal Horse Artillery. July 27th, 1880, Afghanistan. Discharged on pension. Mullins, C. H., Captain, Imperial Light Horse. October 2ist, 1899, Elandslaagte, South Africa. Afterwards Major. Retired. Munro, J., Colour-Sergeant, 93rd Foot. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Murphy, M., Farrier, Military Train. April i5th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Murphy, T., Private, 24th Foot. May 7th, 1867, Andaman Islands. Deceased. Murray, J., Sergeant, 68th Foot. June 2ist, 1864, New Zealand. Discharged on Pension. Murray, J. Lance-Corporal, 94th Foot. January igth, 1881, Transvaal. Afterwards Sergeant. Discharged on pension. Mylot, P., Private, 84th Foot. July 2ist, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Napier, W., Sergeant, i3th Foot. April 6th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Discharged on pension. Nash, W., Corporal, Rifle Brigade. March nth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Nesbitt, R. C., Mashonaland Mounted Police. June igth, 1896, South Africa. Afterwards Captain. Newell, R., Private, gth Lancers. March igth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Nickerson, W. H. S., Lieutenant, Royal Army Medical Corps, attached to the Mounted Infantry. April 2oth, 1900. Wakkerstroom, South Africa. Now Major. Norman, W., Private, 7th Foot. December igth, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Norwood, John, 2nd Lieutenant, 5th Dragoon Guards. Octo- ber 3oth, 1899, Ladysmith, South Africa. Now Captain. Retired. Nurse, G. E., Corporal, 66th Battery Royal Field Artillery. December i5th, 1899, Colenso, South Africa. Now Ser- geant. O'Connor, L., Sergeant, 23rd Foot. September 2oth, 1854, and September 8th, 1855, Crimea. Now Major-General (retired pay). Od^ers, W., Seaman, H.M.S. "Niger." March 28th, 1860, New Zealand. Deceased. O'Hea, T., Private, Rifle Brigade. June igth, 1866, Canada. Deceased. Olpherts, W., Captain, C.B., Bengal Artillery. September 25th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards General Sir W., K.C.B., Colonel Commandant Royal Artillery. Deceased. 2o6 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Osborne, J., Private, 58th Foot. February 22nd, 1881, Trans- vaal, South Africa. Army Reserve. O'Toole, E., Sergeant, Frontier Light Horse. July 3rd, 1879, South Africa. Deceased. Owens, J., Corporal,. 49th Foot. October 26th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Sergeant. Deceased. Oxenham, W., Corporal, 32nd Foot. June 3oth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Palmer, A., Private, Grenadier Guards. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Park, J., Sergeant, 77th Foot. September 2oth and November 5th, 1854; also April igth, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Park, J., Gunner, Bengal Artillery. November i4th to 22nd, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Parker, Charles, Sergeant, Q Battery, Royal Horse Artillery. March 3ist, 1900, Korn-Spruitt, South Africa. Parkes, S., Private, 4th Light Dragoons. October 25th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Parsons, Francis Newton, Lieutenant, Essex Regiment. Feb- ruary i8th, 1900, Paardeberg, South Africa. Posthumous award. Paton, J., Sergeant, 93rd Foot. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Discharged on pension. Pearson, J., Private, 86th Foot. April 3rd, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Sergeant. Deceased. Pearson, J., Private, 8th Hussars. June i7th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Sergeant. Deceased. Peel, W., Captain, R.N. October i8th and November 5th, 1854, and June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards served in India during the Mutiny, and greatly distinguished himself. Died at Lucknow. Pennell, H. S., Lieutenant, Derbyshire Regiment. October 2oth, 1897, Dargai Heights. Deceased. Percy, The Hon. H. H. M., Captain and Lieutenant-Colonel, Grenadier Guards. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. After- wards Colonel. Deceased. Perie, J., Sapper, Royal Engineers. June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Phillips, E. A. L., Ensign, nth Bengal Native Infantry. Sep- tember, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Did not live to receive the Cross; it was sent to his family, January I5th, 1907. Phipps-Hornby, Edmund John, Major, Q Battery, Royal Horse Artillery. March 3ist, 1900, Korn-Spruitt, South Africa. Now Colonel. Pickard, A. F., Lieutenant, Royal Artillery. November 2oth, 1863, New Zealand. Deceased. AND DECORATIONS. 207 Pitcher, H. W., Lieutenant, 4th Punjab Infantry. October 3Oth and November i6th, 1863, Umbeyla Campaign. After- wards Captain. Deceased. Pitts, J., Private, ist Battalion Manchester Regiment. Janu- ary 6th, 1900, Caesar's Camp, South Africa. Army Reserve. Prendergast, H. D., Lieutenant, Madras Engineers. November 2ist, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Now General Sir H. D., K.C.B., Royal Engineers. Prettyjphn, J., Corporal, Royal Marines. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Price-Davies, L. A. E., Lieutenant, D.S.O., King's Royal Rifle Corps. September i7th,«i9Oi, Blood River Poort, South Africa. Now Captain, D.S.O. Pride, T., Captain of Afterguard, R.N. September 6th, 1864, Japan. Deceased. Probyn, D. M., Captain, 2nd Punjab Cavalry. September, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Now General Sir D. M., K.C.B., K.C.S.I., G.C.V.O., Indian Army. Retired. Prosser, J., Private, ist Foot. June i6th and August nth, 1858, Crimea. Deceased. Purcell, J., Private, gth Lancers. June igth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Pye, C., Sergeant-Major, 53rd Foot. November 17^1,^857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Lieutenant-Colonel. Deceased. Raby, H. J., Lieutenant, R.N. June i8th, 1855, Crimea. After- wards Rear- Admiral, C.B. Deceased. Rear-Admiral Raby was the senior recipient of the Victoria Cross, being the first man upon whose breast the Cross was pinned by Her Majesty Queen Victoria, at the inauguration in Hyde Park, on June 26th, 1857. Ramage, H., Sergeant, 2nd Dragoons. October 25th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Ramsden, H. E., Trooper, Protectorate Regiment. Decem- ber 26th, 1899, Mafeking, South Africa. Afterwards Lieutenant. Ravenhill, C., Private, 2fld Battalion Royal Scots Fusiliers. December 15th, 1899, Colenso, South Africa. Discharged. Raynor, W., Captain, Bengal Veterinary Establishment, May nth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Reade, H. T., Surgeon, 6ist Foot. September i4th and i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Surgeon-General. De- ceased. Reed, H. L., Captain, 7th Battery Royal Field Artillery. December isth, 1899, Colenso, South Africa. Now Major. Reeves, T., Seaman, R.N. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. 208 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Rennie, W., Lieutenant and Adjutant, goth Foot. September 2ist to 25th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Major (Lieutenant-Colonel). Deceased. Renny, G. A., Captain, Bengal Horse Artillery. September i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Major-General. Deceased. Reynolds, J. H., Surgeon, Army Medical Department. January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Afterwards Surgeon- Lieutenant-Colonel. Retired. Reynolds, W., Private, Scots Fusilier Guards. September 2oth, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Richardson, G., Private, 34th Foot. April 27th, 1859, Indian Mutiny. Discharged on pension. Richardson, A. H. L., Sergeant, Lord Strathcona's Corps. July 5th, 1900, Wolve Spruitt, South Africa. Discharged. Rickard, W., Quartermaster, R.N. October nth, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Ridgeway, R. K., Lieutenant, Bengal Staff Corps. November 22nd, 1879. Expedition against the Naga Hill Tribes, India, N.W. Now Colonel. Robarts, John, Chief Gunner, R.N. May 29th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Roberts, F. S., Lieutenant, Bengal Artillery. January 2nd, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Now Field-Marshal Right Hon. F. S. Lord, G.C.S.I., G.C.B., G.C.I.E. Roberts, the Honourable F. H. S., Lieutenant, King's Royal Rifle Corps. December i5th, 1899, Colenso, South Africa. Deceased. Posthumous award. Roberts, J. R., Private, gth Lancers. September 28th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Robertson, William, Sergeant-Major, Gordon Highlanders, October 2ist, 1899, Elandslaagte, South Africa. Afterward Quartermaster and Hon. Lieutenant. Robinson, E., Seaman, R.N. March i3th, 1858, Indi; Mutiny. Deceased. Roddy, P., Ensign, Bengal Army (unattached). Septeml 27th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Major-General. Deceased. Rodgers, G., Private, 7ist Foot. June i6th, 1858, Indiai Mutiny. Deceased. Rogers, R. M., Lieutenant, 44th Foot. August 2ist, China. Afterwards Colonel, C.B. Deceased. Rogers, J. South African Constabulary, Sergeant. June 1901. Thabancha, South Africa. Rolland, G. M., Captain, Indian Army, Intelligence Offic April 22nd, 1903, Berbera-Bohotle Flying Column, Dai toleh, Somaliland. Now Major. AND DECORATIONS. 209 Rosamond, M., Sergeant-Major, 37th Bengal Native Infantry. June 4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Ross, J., Corporal, Royal Engineers. July 2ist, August 23rd, and September 8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Rowlands, H., Captain and Brevet-Major, 4ist Foot. Novem- ber 5th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards General, C.B. Deceased. Rush, D., Troop Sergeant-Major, gth Lancers. March igth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Sergeant-Major. De- ceased. Russell, Sir C., Bart, Brevet-Major, Grenadier Guards. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Lieutenant- Colonel. Deceased. Ryan, John, Lance-Corporal, 65th Foot. September 7th, 1863, New Zealand. Deceased. Ryan, John, Private, ist Madras Fusiliers, September 26th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Ryan, M., Drummer, ist Bengal Fusiliers. September i4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Salkeld, P., Lieutenant, ist Bengal Engineers. September i4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Died of wounds before receiving the Cross. Salmon, N., Lieutenant, R.N. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Now Admiral Sir N., K.C.B., Commander-in- Chief (China). Sartorius, E. H., Captain, 59th Foot. October 24th, 1879, Afghanistan. Now Major-General, C.B. Sartorius, R. W., Captain, 6th Bengal Cavalry. January i7th, 1874, Ashantee. Afterwards Major-General, C.M.G. Deceased. Schiess, J., Corporal, Natal Native Contingent. January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Deceased. Schofield, H. N., Captain, Royal Field Artillery. December i5th, 1899, Colenso, South Africa. Now Major. Scholefield, M., Seaman, R.N. November 5th, 1857, Crimea. Deceased. Scott, A., Major, Bengal Staff Corps. July 26th, 1877, Jowaki War. Deceased. Scott, R. G., Lieutenant, Cape Mounted Rifles. April 8th, 1879, South Africa. Retired. Scott, R., Private, ist Battalion Manchester Regiment. Janu- ary 6th, 1900, Caesar's Camp, South Africa. Now Sergeant. Seely, W., Seaman, R.N. September 6th, 1864, Japan, Deceased. Sellar, G., Lance-Corporal, 72nd Foot. December i4th, 1879, Afghanistan. Afterwards Sergeant. Deceased. Shaul, J., Corporal, Highland Light Infantry. December nth, 1899, Magersfontein, South Africa. Now Sergeant. P 210 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Shaw, H., Captain, i8th Foot. January 24th, 1865, New Zea- land. Afterwards Major-General, C.B. Deceased. Shaw, S., Private, Rifle Brigade. June i3th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Shebbeare, R. H., Brevet-Captain, 6oth Bengal Native Infantry. September i4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Sheppard, J., Boatswain, R.N. July i5th and August i6th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Shields, R., Corporal, 23rd Foot. September 8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Simpson, J., Sergeant, 42nd Foot. April i5th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Sims, J., Private, 34th Foot. June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Sinnott, J., Lance-Corporal, 84th Foot. October 6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Sleavon, M., Corporal, Royal Engineers. April 3rd, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Smith, A., Gunner, Royal Artillery. January i7th, 1885, Soudan. Army Reserve. Smith, F. A., Colonel, 43rd Foot. June 2ist, 1864, New Zealand. Deceased. Smith, H., Lance-Corporal, 52nd Foot. September i4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Smith, James, Corporal, the Buffs (East Kent Regiment). September i6th, I7th, 1897, North West Frontier, India. Tirah Campaign. Now Sergeant. Smith, C. L., Lieutenant, Duke of Cornwall's Light In- fantry. January loth, 1904, Jidballi, Somaliland. Smith, J., Private, ist Madras Fusiliers. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Smith, J., Sergeant, ist Bengal Engineers. September i4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Smith, J. M., Lieutenant, Bengal Staff Corps, Hounza-Naga. December 2oth, 1891. Now Lieutenant-Colonel, C.I.E. Smith, P., Corporal, i7th Foot. June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Smyth, N. M., Captain, 2nd Dragoon Guards. September 2nd, 1898, Khartoum. Now Lieutenant-Colonel, 6th Dragoon Guards. Spence, D., Troop Sergeant-Major, gth Lancers, January I7th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Spence, E., Private, 42nd Foot. April isth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Posthumous award, January i5th, 1907. Stagpoole, D., Drummer, 57th Foot. October 2nd, 1863, New Zealand. Discharged on pension. AND DECORATIONS. 211 Stanlock, W., Private, Coldstream Guards. October, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Stewart, W. G. D., Captain, 93rd Foot November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Major, late 83rd Foot. Deceased. Strong, G., Private, Coldstream Guards. September, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Sullivan, J., Chief Boatswain, R.N. April loth, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Sutton, W., Bugler, 6oth Foot. September i3th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Sylvester, H. T., Assistant-SuYgeon, 23rd Foot. September 8th and i8th, 1855. Now retired on half-pay. Symons, G., Sergeant, Royal Artillery. June 6th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Taylor, J., Captain of the Forecastle, R.N. June i8th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Teesdale, C."C., Lieutenant, C.B., Royal Artillery. September 29th, 1855, Crimea. Afterwards Major-General Sir C. C., K.C.M.G., C.B. Deceased. Temple, W., Assistant-Surgeon, Royal Artillery. November loth, 1863, New Zealand. Afterwards Brigade-Surgeon. Retired. Thackeray, E. T., Lieutenant, ist Bengal Engineers. Septem- ber i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Now Colonel Sir, K.C.B. (retired pay). Thomas, J., Bombardier, Bengal Artillery. September 27th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Thompson, J., Private, 6oth Foot. July gth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Thomson, A., Lance-Corporal, 42nd Foot. April I5th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Tombs, H., Lieutenant-Colonel, C.B., Bengal Artillery. July 9th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Major-General Sir H., K.C.B. Deceased. Towse, Ernest B., Captain, Gordon Highlanders, December nth, 1899, Magersfontein, South Africa. Totally blinded. Gentleman-at-Arms. Travers, J., Colonel, 2nd Bengal Native Infantry. July ist, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards General. "Deceased. Traynor, W. B., Sergeant, 2nd Battalion West Yorkshire Regi- ment. February 6th, 1901, Bothwell Camp, South Africa. Discharged. Trevor, W. S., Captain, Royal Engineers. April 3oth, 1865, War in Bhootan. Afterwards Major-General. Deceased. Trewavas, J., Seaman, R.N. July 3rd, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. P 2 212 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Turner, S., Private, 6oth Foot. June igth, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Turner, R. E. W., Lieutenant, Royal Canadian Dragoons. November yth, 1900, Komati River, South Africa. Now Lieutenant-Colonel. Tytler, J. A., Lieutenant, 66th Bengal Native Infantry. Feb- ruary loth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Lieutenant- Colonel. Deceased. Vickery, S., Private, ist Dorset Regiment. October 2oth, 1897, Dargai Heights. Afterwards Lance-Corporal. Discharged. Vousden, W. J., Captain, Bengal Staff Corps. December i4th, 1879, Afghanistan. Afterwards Brevet-Colonel. Deceased. Wadeson, R., Ensign, 75th Regiment. July i8th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Colonel. Deceased. Walker, M., Lieutenant, 3oth Foot. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards General Sir M., K.C.B. Deceased. Walker, W. G., Captain, Indian Army, Bikanir Camel Corps. April 22nd, 1903, Daratoleh, Somaliland. Now Lieutenant- Colonel. Waller, G., Colour-Sergeant, 6oth Foot. September i4th to i8th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Waller, W. F. F., Lieutenant, 25th Bombay Native Infantry. June 2oth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Lieutenant- Colonel. Deceased. Walters, G., Sergeant, 45th Foot. November 5th, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Ward, C., Private, 2nd Battalion King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry. June 26th, 1900, Lindley, South Africa. Dis- charged. Ward, H. Private, 78th Foot. September 25th and 26th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Ward, J., Sergeant, 8th Hussars. June i7th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Wassail, S., Private, 8oth Foot. January 22nd, 1879, South Africa. Army Reserve. Watson, J., Lieutenant, ist Punjab Cavalry. November i4th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Now General Sir J., K.C.B., late Bombay Staff Corps. Retired. Watson, T. C., Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. September i6th, 1897, Mamund Valley. Now Major. Wheatley, F., Private, Rifle Brigade. November loth, 1854, Crimea. Deceased. Whirlpool, F., Private, 3rd Bombay European Regiment. April 3rd, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Whitchurch, H. F., Indian Medical Service, March 3rd, 1895, Chitral Fort. Afterwards Surgeon-Captain. Deceased. AND DECORATIONS. 213 White, G. S., Major, 92nd Foot. October 6th, 1879, and Sep- tember ist, 1880, Afghanistan. Now Field-Marshal Sir G. S., G.C.B., G.C.I. E. Wilkinson, T., Bombardier, Royal Marine Artillery. June 5th, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Williams, J., Private, 24th Foot. January 22nd and 23rd, 1879, South Africa. Army Reserve. Wilmot, H., Captain, Rifle Brigade. March nth, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Afterwards Brevet-Major Sir H., Bart., K.C.B. Deceased. Wilson, A. K., C.B., Captain, H.M.S. " Hecla." February 29th, 1884, Soudan. Nt>w Admiral Sir A. K., G.C.B., G.C.V.O. Wood, H. E., Lieutenant, i7th Lancers. October i9th, 1858, Indian Mutiny. Now Field-Marshal Sir H. E., G.C.M.G., G.C.B. Wood, J. A., Captain, 26th Bombay Native Infantry. Decem- ber gth, 1856, Persia. Afterwards Colonel. Deceased. Wooden, C., Sergeant-Major, i7th Lancers. October 25th, 1854, Crimea. Afterwards Quartermaster. Deceased. Wright, A., Private, 77th Foot. March 22nd, April igth, and August 3Oth, 1855, Crimea. Deceased. Wright, W. D., Lieutenant, Royal West Surrey Regiment (Northern Nigeria Regiment). March 24th, 1903, Kano- Sokoto Expedition, West Africa. Now Captain. Wylly, Guy G. E., Lieutenant, Tasmanian Imperial Bushmen. September ist, 1900, Warmbad, South Africa. Now Captain. Young, J., Commander, R.N. November i6th, 1857, Indian Mutiny. Deceased. Young, Alexander, Sergeant-Major, Cape Police. August i3th, 1901, Ruiter's Kraal, South Africa. Discharged. Younger, D. R., Captain, Gordon Highlanders. July nth, 1900, Krugersdorp, South Africa. Posthumous award, August 8th, 1902. The V.C. is the most highly-prized decoration a soldier can win, and a list of the recipients still drawing the annuity, and of such officers as are still living, is published quarterly in the Army List. The Cross was purposely made of bronze, so that its intrinsic value should be as small as possible. It is easily copied, and numbers of forged ones are met 214 BRITISH WAR MEDALS with, some of which it is very hard to detect, but as a rule they are rather smaller than the genuine ones. A silver medal, i.4in. diameter, For Meritorious Meritorious Service, was authorised on December iQth. i84">, and Service ~*+' Medai, 1845. a sum not exceeding -^2000 a year was set apart for distribution — in the form of annuities to sergeants recommended by the commander-in-chief — as rewards for distinguished or meritorious service. The annuity was not to exceed ^20 a year in any case. On June 4th, 1853, the total sum to be distributed was increased to ,£4000 per annum, as a limit. By a Warrant dated December 4th, 1854, one sergeant of each cavalry and infantry regiment, and one from each battalion of Foot Guards, was to be selected for the award, for services in the Crimea. The medal may not be worn with the Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, but may be with that for Distinguished Con- duct in the Field. The obverse of the medal has a diademed head of Queen Victoria, with the legend, Victoria Regina, and the date of issue in the exergue. On some of the earlier and later medals the date on the obverse is omitted. The reverse has the inscription, For Meritorious Service, with a crown above, and surrounded by laurel-branches. The ribbon is crimson, and the name and regiment of the recipient are engraved on the edge of the medal. The medal is also issued to sergeants of marines, and is then worn with a blue ribbon, ijin. wide. The medal for Distinguished Conduct in the Field .Dis-was instituted on December 4th, 1854, as a mark of tincgounduec1 the "Sovereign's sense of the distinguished service dal' l854' and gallant conduct in the field of the army then serving in the Crimea." It has been awarded in sub- AND DECORATIONS. 215 sequent campaigns, and is only given to non-com- missioned officers and privates. The commanding officer of each regiment of cavalry had the right to select one sergeant, two corporals, and four privates for the medal ; and the commanding officer of each infantry regiment could select one sergeant, four corporals, and ten privates. A gratuity was also given with the medal — ^15 to sergeants, £10 to corporals, and £5 to privates. The money was put into the regimental savings bank, and remained at interest until the discharge of the soldier, when it became his private property. In September, 1862, the gratuity was withdrawn, and in February, 1881, a bar was sanctioned, to be added in cases where a recipient of the medal further distinguished himself. It is i Jin. long and iVn* wide, and bears the month, day of the month, and year of the action for which it is granted. The medal is silver, i.4in. diameter, and the obverse has the arms of the United Kingdom quartered on a shield, and supported by a military trophy, consisting of cannons, arms, cannon-balls, and helmets, like the Victorian Long Service Medal ; but the reverse is in- scribed, For Distinguished Conduct in the Field. A scroll-clasp is attached to the medal for suspension. The ribbon is crimson, ijin. wide, with a blue stripe down the centre ; and in the earlier issues the re- cipient's name, rank, and regiment are indented round the edge of the medal. In the more recent issues they are engraved, and, in addition, have the date of the action for which the medal was awarded. The medal may be worn with the Meritorious Service, or the Long Service and Good Conduct medals. 216 BRITISH WAR MEDALS The following Royal Warrant, dated June 25th, Indian Dis- ioo7, was published in the London Gazette: — tinguished Medal. Whereas We have taken into our Royal consideration that the means of adequately rewarding the distinguished services of Indian commissioned and non-commissioned officers and men of Our Indian Regular Forces, including the Reserve of the Indian Army, Border Militia and Levies, and Military Police and Imperial Service Troops when employed under the orders of Our Government in India, who have distinguished themselves in peace or on active service are limited : Now, for the purpose of attaining an end so desirable as that of rewarding individual instances of such distinguished service, We have instituted and created, and do by these presents for Us, Our heirs and successors, institute and create a new Indian Military decoration to be distinguished and hereinafter described, which We are desirous should be highly prized by Our Indian commissioned and non-commissioned officers and men, and We are graciously pleased to make, ordain, and establish the following rule and ordinance for the government of the same which shall henceforth be inviolably observed and kept. Firstly. — It is ordained that the decoration shall henceforth be styled and designated the " Indian Distinguished Service Medal." Secondly. — It is ordained that the decoration shall be a silver medal of the same size as a war medal, having thereon Our effigy. On the reverse side a laurel wreath with the words " For distinguished service " in relief thereon. Thirdly. — It is ordained that the medal shall be worn sus- pended from the left breast immediately on the right of all war medals, by a red ribbon i^in. wide, of the colour of the ribbon of the Order of British India, edged with blue, three-eighths of an inch wide, of the colour of the ribbon of the Indian Order of Merit. Fourthly. — It is ordained that the regulations regarding the forfeiture of war medals shall apply to the medal hereby created. Fifthly. — It is ordained that the power of conferring the medal upon an individual, or of depriving an individual to whom the medal has been granted of such medal, as provided in Article 4 shall be exercised on Our behalf by the Governor- General of India with the same force as if exercised by Us ; and the name of an individual so granted the medal or deprived of the medal shall be published in the official Gazette of India. AND DECORATIONS. 217 A medal For Conspicuous Gallantry was authorised for issue to the Navy on August I3th, 1855, for the conspicuous - -, Gallantry Crimean War only. It was given to petty officers, Medai, 1855 * J . ' and 1874- seamen, sergeants, corporals, and privates of marines who distinguished themselves in action. It was given in the proportion of eight to petty officers, sergeants, or corporals of marines, and ten to sailors or privates of marines, for every thousand* men engaged. Gratuities of ^15, £10, and £$ were also given, the total not to exceed ^4000 per annum. By an Order of Council dated July 7th, 1874, the medal was again instituted, and the amounts of the annuities were altered to £20 for chief and first-class petty officers of the Navy and sergeants of the Royal Marines, provided the amount authorised from time to time for such annuities by the Lords Commissioners of His Majesty's Treasury is not exceeded. The medal is now available for any war in which the Navy or Marines may be engaged. The medal is silver, i.4in. diameter, and the obverse has a diademed head of Queen Victoria, with Victoria Regina above. The reverse is inscribed, in raised letters, For Conspicuous Gallantry; a crown above, and the whole surrounded by olive-branches. The ribbon is blue, with a white stripe down the centre, ijin. wide. On the later medals the name and rank of the recipient, and the date of the action are engraved on the edge in capital letters. The earlier medals were made from the Meritorious Service Medal, with the last two words on the reverse erased, and Conspicuous Gallantry engraved instead. These medals have a scroll-clasp for suspension, while those issued since 1874 have a straight one. This medal may be worn with the Victoria Cross, 218 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Colonel Gaskell has in his collection two extra- ordinary and unique groups : one consisting of the Victoria Cross, Conspicuous Gallantry medal (both dated July i5th and August i6th, 1855), Legion of Honour, Sardinian War Medal, Crimean Medal with bar " Sebastopol," Baltic, two bar China (Falshan, i#57, and Canton, i#57), and the Turkish Crimean Medal, eight medals in all, belonging to John Shep- herd, Boatswain, H.M.S. "St. Jean D'Acre"; and the other consisting of TWO Conspicuous Gallantry medals (dated October I4th, 1855, and November 6th, 1855, respectively), three bar Crimea (Inkermann, Sebastopol, and Azoff), Legion af Honour, and the Turkish Crimean Medal, belonging to David Barry, A.B., H.M.S. Cracker. The latter is the only instance known of two of these medals having been given to one man. The silver medal for Long Service and Good Army Long Conduct was first instituted on July 3Oth, 1830, by Medals! King William IV., for non-commissioned officers °' and men who had been discharged in receipt of gratuities. The recipient had to serve twenty-one years in the infantry, or twenty-four years in the cavalry. The obverse has a military trophy, with an oval shield in the centre charged with the royal arms, and a smaller shield in the centre bearing the arms of Hanover. The reverse has the inscription, For Long Service and Good Conduct. It is i.4in. diameter, and the suspender is a small steel clip, to which was attached a steel loop. The ribbon was crimson, ijin. wide, and the name and regiment of the recipient, and the date of issue were indented in large letters on the edge of the medal. AND DECORATIONS. 219 A small silver medal was given by King William IV. to his Hanoverian troops for long ser- wjmam iv. vice. Obverse, the head of King William IV. service Hanoverian Reverse, Fur sechszehn Jdhrige treue dienste. A Medai. steel ring and clip were fitted for suspension. Ribbon, red with blue edges. A gold Maltese cross was issued on March 2nd, 1837, to tne Hanoverian troops for twenty-five years' service. It has on the 'obverse, in the centre on a raised circle, a crown with W. R. IV. below. In the centre of the reverse is the number XX V in Roman characters. The ribbon is red with blue edges, similar to that worn with the English Waterloo medal. In the earlier years of Queen Victoria's reign the Long Service Medal, as above described, was Army Long issued to the troops, but the Hanoverian shield was iSaifiSs;. left out of the centre of the royal arms, Hanover having ceased to be under the control of this country. The suspender, ribbon, and inscriptions on the edge of the medals remained the same. The obverse is the same as that of the Distinguished Conduct Medal described on page 215. About 1851 the steel suspender was replaced by a silver clasp similar to that made for, and issued with, the Sutlej Medals, and the letters of the inscription on the obverse were slightly smaller. The date was omitted on the edge of the medal. On January i6th, 1860, the conditions of issue were revised, and the medal was granted to soldiers who Army Long had fulfilled the necessary conditions ; but no gratui- |g3|if>el860i ties were given. No soldier is now entitled to the medal unless he has specially distinguished himself or has at least three Good Conduct Badges. After 220 BRITISH WAR MEDALS 1874 the letters round the edge were engraved instead of indented. By a Royal Warrant, dated December 27th, 1870, Army Long these medals were granted to non-commissioned Service „. . , . . . . . . , Medal, 1870. officers and soldiers on discharge, with a gratuity not exceeding £$ if they had served eighteen years with an irreproachable character. It is now given, with or without a gratuity, according to the decision of the War Office authorities. A medal for similar services was granted to the Naval Long navy by King William IV., on August 24th, 1831; 6 and was also given to the marines. The recipients were selected by the captains of the ships, and in addition to the medal, gratuities were granted accord- ing to their rating. On the obverse are an anchor and a crown, surrounded by a wreath of oak. On the reverse, the recipienfs name, rating, ship, and number of years' service are engraved, surrounded by a circle, around which are inscribed the words, For Long Service and Good Conduct. It was i -3m. in diameter, and was worn with a dark blue ribbon. After the accession of Queen Victoria this medal Naval Long was superseded by one i.4in. diameter, having a diademed head of Her Majesty on the obverse, sur- rounded by the legend, Victoria Regina. Upon the reverse is a line-of-battle ship at anchor, surrounded by a circle of rope, tied in a reef-knot at the bottom. Around it are the words, For Long Service and Good Conduct. The recipient's name, rating, ship, number of years' service, and the date, are engraved on the edge of the medal. The ribbon is dark blue with white edges, ijin. wide. On the earlier medals the clasp and ribbon are nearly half as wide again AND DECORATIONS. 221 as those on the later medals, and some had the date 1848 below the Queen's head on the obverse. A smaller medal than the foregoing exists, having on the obverse a small bust of Queen Victoria, sur- rounded by Victoria Regina. The reverse has a three- masted ship to the left, surrounded by the legend, I" or Long Service and Good Conduct. The recipient's name is engraved on the edge. It is probably the first issue of the Victorian medal, superseded by that described above. After the accession of King Edward VII., and to- wards the end of 1902, the obverses of the Meritorious Meritorious Service, Distinguished Conduct in the Field, Con- etc™106' spicuous Gallantry, Army Long Service and Good Edwl/cw? Conduct, Navy Long Service and Good Conduct Medals, and the Indian Meritorious Service, and Long Service and Good Conduct Medals of 1890 described on pp. 214 to 220 were altered. The effigy of King Edward VII. was substituted for that of Queen Victoria on the obverse of the Meritorious Ser- vice, Conspicuous Gallantry, and Navy Long Service Medals; or the trophy of arms pre- viously used on the Army Long Service and Dis- tinguished Conduct Medals ; and the inscription was altered to Edward VII. Rex Imperator. On the Indian medals the inscription is Edward VII. Kaisar- i-hind. On the obverse of the Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medals King Edward VII. is shown in naval uniform. No change was made in the suspenders or mounts except that the clip fastening the clasp to the medal is flowered instead of plain. The Governor-General of India instituted a Long East India •* Co. s Medal Service Medal for the East India Company's troops on May 2oth, 1848. The obverse is very similar to 222 BRITISH WAR MEDALS that of the English medal, but instead of an oval shield charged with the royal arms, one bearing those of the East India Company is substituted. On the reverse, the words For Long Service and Good Conduct are inscribed in a circle around the outside ; whilst inside the ring so formed, the name, rank, and regiment of the recipient are engraved. The medal is silver, i.4in. diameter, and the suspender is the same as that issued with the Sutlej, and Punjab Medals. The ribbon is crimson, ijin. wide. At the same time a medal was authorised for meri- East India tonous service. On the obverse is a diademed head "°'for Men- of Queen Victoria, with the legend, Victoria Regina, above, and the date, 1848, below. Upon the reverse ' are the arms of the Honourable East India Company, and surrounding it, in a circle, are the words, For Meritorious Service. The recipient's name, rank, and regiment are engraved on the edge of the medal, in Italian running-hand. The medal is silver, i.4in. diameter. The suspender is of the same type as that of the previous medal, and the ribbon is crimson, i Jin. wide. These medals were issued until 1873, when they were discontinued, and those of the English type substituted. A medal was struck for the H.E.I. Co.'s navy, but 'E?stjn<]i* was not issued, so they never received a reward for Co. s Medal good conduct and ability, deserve some special mark of notice." It is an extremely rare medal, as only six were awarded ; and the issue was discontinued in 1847, when engineers were raised to the rank of warrant-officers. A two-masted paddle-steamer is shown on the obverse, with a trident below, in the exergue. On the reverse are inscribed, in a circle, the words, For Ability and Good Conduct, inside which the name and rank of the recipient are en- graved, with a crown above and an anchor below. The medal is i.4in. diameter, and the ribbon was dark blue with white edges. In 1870, a silver medal and gratuity of £20 were instituted, to be given annually to the best shot in the Best shot in army. The obverse bears the same bust of Queen Vic- toria as the Ashantee Medal, and has the same legend. The reverse, which was designed by E. J. Poynter, A.R.A., has a figure of Victory, standing on a dais, holding a horn in her left hand, and crowning a warrior with a wreath of laurel. He is armed with a bow, and holds a shield in which are three arrows. The medal is silver, i.4in. diameter. The ribbon is red, with two narrow black stripes and a white stripe near each edge, ijin. wide; the suspender is a straight clasp. The medal was originally issued in bronze, and was worn on the right breast. It was discontinued in 1883, and only sixteen were given. A silver medal is also given annually to the best shot among the native soldiers in India. The obverse Best shot, has a head of Queen Victoria similar to that on the medal lastly described, but with the legend, Victoria 224 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Queen; and on the reverse, Victory, holding in her right hand a laurel-wreath, and in her left a Union Jack, at the foot of which is a shield inscribed, Best Shot of the Native Armies of India. Troops are firing in the background, and there are mountains in the distance. It is i.6in. diameter. The ribbon is the same as that for the foregoing medal. Another very rare medal, or badge, given to native troops for shooting, is in the shape of a native soldier kneeling and taking aim. On the reverse is engraved, Given by Lord F. Fitzclarence. It was worn sus- pended by a ring to a dark blue ribbon. In 1888, two medals were issued by the Government Meritorious of India to native troops, one for Meritorious Service India, isss! and the other for Long Service and Good Conduct. Obverse, Queen Victoria's head, crowned and veiled, similar to that on the Egyptian medals, but surrounded by the inscription, Kaizar-i-Hind. Reverse, in the centre, India, surrounded by a palm-wreath. Outside the wreath, For Meritorious Service, the whole being surrounded by a wreath of lotus-flowers. The medal is silver, and is i.4in. diameter. Obverse, similar to the above. Reverse, similar to Long the above, but with the words, For Long Service and Good Good Conduct substituted for Meritorious Service. Conduct, . India, isss. Like the former it is i.4in. diameter. These medals are only given to native Indian troops, and are worn with a crimson ribbon, ijin. wide. The name is engraved on the edge in ordinary running-hand. The Author is indebted to Lieutenant- Colonel A. N. Baird, Royal Engineers, for the description of these medals. On June i8th, 1901, the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty presented a memorial to the Privy AND DECORATIONS. 225 Council, praying that some means of recognising distinguished service before the enemy be granted to spicu Warrant Officers or Subordinate Officers of His cross" Majesty's Fleet who, by reason of not holding a com- mission in the Royal Navy, are not eligible for appointment to any existing Order or Decoration. On June 28th, 1901, King Edward VII. sanctioned the institution of a decoration to be designated the Conspicuous Service Cross, and to carry the right with it for the recipient to have the letters C.S.C. appended to his name. It is awarded for meritorious or distinguished ser- vices before the enemy, performed by Warrant Officers, or by Subordinate Officers, or acting Warrant Officers of His Majesty's Fleet, and no person shall be nominated thereto unless his services shall have been marked by the especial mention of his name in despatches by the Admiral, or senior naval or military officer commanding the squadron, or detached force. The cross is of silver, patee convexed, having on the obverse, in the centre, the royal cypher E.R.I., surrounded by a raised ring, and surmounted by the Imperial Crown, and a ring for suspension. The reverse is plain. Ribbon, blue, with a white stripe down the centre, like that for the Conspicuous Gallantry Medal. REGIMENTAL MEDALS. E now come to a very interesting series of medals, known amongst collectors as " Regimental Medals." They are of much greater antiquity than the majority of those described in the foregoing pages; but for purposes of reference it has been thought better to classify them in regimental order, instead of chronologically. They were not issued by the Government, but were generally presented by the officers of the regiments, at their own expense, to non-commissioned officers and men for bravery, long service, temperance, &c., and were, as a rule, discon- tinued when The Long Service Medal was instituted, in 1830. There may, possibly, be many more than, those described, but the following is a list of those known to the Author. HOUSEHOLD CAVALRY. — Obverse, a cavalryman aiming; below, the legend, Art, not Strength. Reverse, a cavalry bugle, with royal banner pendent, crossed by guns; the whole surrounded by an oak wreath. Silver-gilt, i.6in. diameter. IST LIFE GUARDS. — Obverse, the badge of the regi- ment. Reverse, Waterloo; merit rewarded, Frans. Dalton, 1817. BRITISH WAR MEDALS 227 ROYAL HORSE GUARDS. — The Star of the Garter. R. H. G. Waterloo: A Reward of Merit, 1817, ]. Varley. An oval silver medal. IST DRAGOON GUARDS. — (i) A silver-gilt and enamelled star of four points; in the centre, on red enamel, a crown G. R. and /. D. G., surrounded by a ring of blue enamel with the inscription A Reward for Military Merit, 1817. . The points of the star are filled with red enamel. The name of the recipient, W. Clarkson, is on the reverse. (2) From Lieut. -Colonel Hawleyf 179$. A silver medal. 2ND DRAGOON GUARDS.— (i) Obverse, a mounted dragoon carrying a drawn sword. Legend, Pro Rege et Patria; in the exergue, Queen's Bays. Re- verse, the Barracks at Norwich, with the walls and entrance gates; railing outside the walls; on a scroll, Norwich Barracks, 1*193. Oim- diameter.) Captain Whitaker has one of these medals, in silver, with a raised rim and ring for suspension ; and specimens exist in bronze. There is some doubt, however, whether these are really medals, or merely tokens: possibly they may have served both purposes. (2) Military Merit rewarded. W. Woodman, 1815. 4TH ROYAL IRISH DRAGOON GUARDS. — (i) Obverse, the badge of the regiment. Reverse, A reward of military merit, 1815, given to A. Kirwan by his com- rades. A silver medal, all engraved. (2) Obverse, the badge of the regiment. Reverse, Presented to James Evans by the officers o-f the regi- ment; a reward of military merit, 1816. 5TH DRAGOON GUARDS. — A pair of compasses, resting on a quadrant. Between the legs of the com- Q 2 228 BRITISH WAR MEDALS passes is a sun with nine rays, with a cock above. The quadrant has the following inscription on it: — In front : Presented by the brethren of lodges 570 and 663 to their esteemed and much respected brother, Quarter-Master ]. H. Cochran of the $th Dragoon Guards, as a testimonial tribute of respect to one of the heroes of Llevena, Salamanca, Vittoria, and Tou- louse. On the reverse : — As well as every other field of glory throughout the Peninsula War. Fields on which the character of this Irish hero was so Honour- ably, so frequently and conspicuously distinguished. Silver, and silver-gilt; over-all dimensions, 5iin. by 6in. 6TH DRAGOON GUARDS. — (i) The gift of Lt. Col. Alex. John Goldie i6th. March 1801. (2) James Stewart, 1815, with a bar inscribed Buenos Ayres. (3) An oval silver medal, For Merit and Soldierly Conduct, James Scott, 1815, with a bar inscribed Buenos Ayres 1807. IST DRAGOONS. — Obverse, the Royal Crest, within a garter crowned, on a wreath the regimental motto, Spectamur Agenda, which unites branches of rose, shamrock, and thistle. In the exergue the French flag of the io5th Regiment. Reverse, This badge of merit was awarded by Col. Clifton, the Royal Regt. of Dragoons, to Sergt. Cook, at Cork: ifth Nov. 1827. A silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter, with a chased floral border. 2ND DRAGOONS. — 2nd Royal North British Dragoons, the gift of Lieut. -Col. John Hay dock Bowman, gth. January: 1803; for Merit. A large oval, silver medal. AND DECORATIONS. 229 3RD KING'S OWN LIGHT DRAGOONS (3RD HUSSARS). — (i) The gift of Lt.-Colonel Wm. Wade, ifth July, 1801. (2) An oval medal, Presented to Richard Brunton by the Officers, 1816, Salamanca, Vittoria, Toulouse. 4TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) Reward of military merit, presented to H. Allen, by Major Jas. Hugonin, a token of regard and esteem, 1815, with a bar in- scribed Peninsula. (2) Obverse, a trophy of arms in fine relief, IV L* Drgns. Reverse, The transferable prize for the best swordsman, presented by Lieut.-Col. ]. G. Dalbiac 1808. 5TH DRAGOONS. — Soldierly merit rewarded, 1792, ]. McTaggart. 6TH DRAGOONS.— (i) Obverse, the Castle of Ennis- killen, with flag; above, Inniskilling Dragoons; below, VI., inside a wreath of shamrocks. Reverse, A Reward for 20 years Military Merit. T. McC., 1814. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter. In Mr. Day's collection. (2) Obverse, the badge of the regiment. Reverse, Presented to James Fee by his brothers in arms, a token of their regard for his good qualities as a com- rade and soldier, May, 1816. ;TH LIGHT DRAGOONS.— (i) Obverse, in the centre G.R. crowned, and surrounded by a circle; above fth Rcgt. Light Dragoons, below Reward of Merit. Reverse, Presented to Sergt. Jas. Duncan, by the Officers of the Regt. For a worthy man and a soldier, 1804. A silver medal, all engraved, ijin. diameter, with a beaded border and loop. (2) Reward of merit 1811: J. Jennings. 23o BRITISH WAR MEDALS (3) A silver and blue enamelled cross, of four arms, f L. D. in the centre. MDCCCXVIL: For Mili- tary merit: Peninsula: Waterloo; on the arms respectively. /. Jeffs engraved on the reverse, which is not enamelled. (4) T^ gift of the Officers of the Regiment to Sergt. P. White for merit with the Sword, if July 1808. STH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) Presented by Colonel Sir Robert Laurie in 1803. (2) Obverse, VIII. L. D. Harp and Crown; Pristince Virtutis Memores. Reverse, The King's Royal Irish Regt. L. D. Reward of Merit. W. S. Rickwood, 1819. STH HUSSARS, 1838. — (3) Obverse, a harp, with lion and crown ; above, Laswarree ; below, Hindostan, Pristince Virtutis Memores. Reverse, Presented by the non-commissioned Officers and Privates of Captn R. De Salis' Troop, 8th Hussars; to Troop Sergeant- Major John Landers on his leaving the Regiment as a mark of esteem for his exemplary conduct during the time he served in the above corps. A gold en- graved medal, ijin. diameter, with raised, chased, rim and suspender. In Mr. Day's collection. QTH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) Reverse, Military Merit Rewarded by the Officers of the regiment, awarded to Thos. Rely. 1817. QTH LANCERS. — (2) Obverse, two crossed lances; in the centre, 9; a crown above, and the regimental monogram below ; round outside of the medal, Queen's Royal Lancers. Peninsular. Reverse, Presented to Regimental Sergeant-Major Thomas Godding by the officers of his regiment, as a token of AND DECORATIONS. 231 esteem, and in testimony of his faithful and meri- torious services for upwards of 32 years: March, 1837. Round the outside, Present at the sieges of Buenos Ayres and Flushing; at the battles of Arroyo de Molinos, Vittoria, St. Sebastian, Pyrenees, Orthes, and Toulouse. Silver. (3) A smaller medal. Obverse, the same as the above. Reverse, Edinborough, 2oth March, 1837. Presented to Regimental Sergeant-Major Thomas Godding, by the non-commissioned officers of the Regiment, as a token of esteem, and in testimony of his gallant and meritorious services for upwards of 32 years. Silver, ijin. diameter. The ribbons are crimson with blue edges. Both these medals are in Lord Cheylesmore's collection. IOTH HUSSARS. — (i) Obverse, the Prince of Wales' feathers, surrounded by a band, upon which is inscribed, Prince of Wales' Own, and on a scroll below, Royal Hussars; the whole surrounded by a wreath of roses, shamrocks, and thistles. Reverse, a mounted hussar; in the exergue, 184 3, surrounded by a similar wreath to that on the obverse. Around the edge, Presented to by his brother non- commissioned officers, wth Royal Hussars, as a mark of esteem. The medal is silver, i.6in. diameter, and was worn with a dark blue ribbon. It was issued on various occasions, from 1843 to 1846, when it was discontinued. (2) 1824. — Obverse, in the centre, H., with 10 above; on either side, G.R.; above, the Prince of Wales' plumes and motto, surrounded by laurel-branches. Reverse, inscribed, For Military Merit, 1824. R.T. A thin, silver, engraved medal, BRITISH WAR MEDALS 'with rim i.85in. diameter. In Colonel- Gaskell's .^collection. I2TH LANCERS.— (i) Obverse, the Prince of Wales' plumes, with crown below; above, in engraved capitals, P.W.; below, in raised Italian running :h'and, L.D. Reverse, A Reward for 14 Years' Military Merit. T.G. Small silver medal, with loop for suspension, if in. diameter. (2) Obverse, the Prince of Wales' plumes, with a crown below; on either side, in Italian running hand, L.D.; below, XII. All engraved, within a raised oak-wreath. Reverse, engraved, within a raised laurel-wreath, in capital letters, A Reward for Mili- tary Merit, 1818. A small silver medal, ijin. diameter, with clip for suspension. (3) Obverse, the Prince of Wales' plumes, and motto, between two crossed lances. Below, 12 R.L. and Waterloo. Reverse, Presented to Samuel Chap- man, a token of regard from his brothers in arms, 1817. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with reeded border and loop for suspension. (4) Reverse, The gift of Lt. Colonel George Thomas Thomas to Sergt. White for skill with the sword: i8th June 1804. A large oval silver engraved medal . (5) Obverse, two lances supporting a shield ; 12 L. Prince of Wales' plumes. Reverse, G. Griffiths: Troop Sergt. Major. See also medal from Pope Pius VI., page 27. I3TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) A silver engraved Maltese cross, suspended from a silver bar. Obverse, in the centre, the royal crest; below, on a scroll, For Valour. Reverse, inscribed, No. 528. John R. AND DECORATIONS. 233 Singleton, Private, B. troop ijth Lt. Dragoons. Ribbon, crimson. In the Whitaker collection. (2) For military merit. W. Minchin 1817. I4TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) Obverse, Fortitudine, Blasco Sancho, 26 July, 1812. Peninsula; sur- rounded by a wreath of laurels. Reverse, William Hanley, Corporal, i^th Light Dragoons. Medal, silver; ribbon, crimson. Now in Lord Cheylesmore's col lection. (2) Reverse, For soldierly merit. Obverse, 14 L. D., within a laurel-wreath. A clasp engraved Peninsula. Name on edge, James Rositer. A silver medal, ifin. diameter, struck in relief. Another, to Sergt. H. Ivatts ; another to Robert Waller; another to Wm. Stuart 1816. 234 BRITISH WAR MEDALS I5TH HUSSARS. — (i) See medal for Villiers-en- Crouche, page 20. (2) Obverse, 15. Elliott's Light Horse. Reverse, Emsdoff. i6th July, if 60. Trooper Ryland. A silver medal. (3) Presented by Lieut. Colonel Erskine to Lieu- tenant Grant for gallantry, 1799. (4) Obverse, Regimental device. Reverse, For Military Merit. Presented to Corpl. ]as. Dankins, by the Officers of the Regt. 1817. i6TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) A large, silver, Maltese cross, on the arms of which is engraved : A Gift from Lieut.-Gen. Sir John Vandaleur — Oporto, Talavera, Fuentes d'Onor, Busaco, Salamanca, Vittoria, Nive, Peninsula. The medal was suspended by a ring and clasp, and surmounted by a crown. The ribbon was light blue. (2) Military Merit rewarded. J. W. Jones, idth Q. Lrs: 1819. Silver. (3) Presented to D. Pratt, by his comrades. 1817. I7TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — Obverse, a skull and cross- bones, and two crossed lances; above, ifth Lancers; below, on a scroll, Or Glory. Reverse, Presented as a token of regard to troop Sergt.-Major P. Farley by the N.C. officers and privates of Captn. Willett's troop, ifth Lancers. A small gold medal, with swivel and bar. Engraved. (2) A reward of Military Virtue; India: Buenos Ayres: Monte Video. St. Domingo within a wreath; on edge, /. B. Smith. (3) Obverse, a gold Maltese cross, in the centre, in high relief, a skull and cross-bones, with diamonds AND DECORATIONS. 235 in the eyes. On each arm of the cross is one word of the following inscription, In — hoc — signo — vinces. Reverse, in the centre, ifth, surrounded by a laurel- wreath; on one side L and on the other D. Below, San Domingo 1796-7. One inch square, with loop for suspension. The obverse enamelled scarlet; the reverse plain and engraved. (4) Obverse, the badge of the regiment — a skull and crossbones — with motto, Or Glory, ifth Lt. Dgns. Reverse, within a wreath, India, Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, St. Domingo. On side, A reward for Military Virtue. On rim, /. Cockburn. A silver struck medal. Another to John Lorimer. Another to Ed. Price. IQTH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — Obverse, the regimental crest — an elephant with a castle on his back, from which depend two flags; two crossed swords on the saddle-cloth ; the whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath, which is curled round to form a loop for suspension. Reverse, igth Light Dragoons. Soldierly Merit. Awarded to Pie. Henry Jones by Lieut. Colonel Patrick Maxwell: 2nd Oct. 1801. An oval, silver medal, if in. by 2in.; the obverse cast in high relief, and chased ; the reverse engraved. 20TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) Obverse, a crown, surmounting G. R. XX Jamaica L.D., surrounded by a wreath of pineapples. Reverse, Reward of merit from Lieut. -Colonel Robert Gillespie: 2oth June 1800. An oval, silver engraved medal, 2§in. by ijin., with an ornamental loop, and a raised beaded rim ; inscribed on the edge, Thomas Belts. In the Day collection. (2) Leipsic-Maida, The reward of Military merit 1816: W. Edwards. An oval silver medal. 236 BRITISH WAR MEDALS 2 IST LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) Obverse, in the centre XXI, with crown above, and below LD, surrounded by a laurel-wreath, round which is wound a ribbon, inscribed Cuttack, San Domingo, Monte - Video, Africa. Reverse, Presented to Mr. John Schroeder, Veterinary Surgeon, by Colonel Richard Pigot, as a token of regard on the disbanding of the Regt. 1819. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with reeded edge and -loop. (2) For merit 1799: the gift of Lieut. Colonel John Sullivan Wood. 22ND LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) Obverse, a crown; above, a rose, shamrock, and thistle; below, Reward of Merit and Faithful Service. Reverse, L. XXII. D., 1815 below, surrounded by a wreath of laurel ; in- scribed, Seringapatam, 1799 — Conicul, 1800; Java 1811. A silver medal, struck i-45in. diameter; ribbon, light yellow. (2) Valour Rewarded, Egypt 1801 (William Taylor). A silver medal. 23RD LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) Reverse, Won by Sergt. H. Turner, the gift of Lieut. Col. Hon. Saville H. Lumley, to the best shot in the 2j/ Light Dragoons, for the year 1803. (2) Obverse, a full-faced Sphinx; in exergue, Egypt. Reverse, The Reward of Merit and faithful service: 2jrd. L. D. On edge : /. Graham. Others : /. Burke 1816; J. Crouchley ; W. Jones. A silver oval struck medal. 24TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — (i) Obverse, an elephant; Hindostan. Reverse, Reward of merit, Wm. Andrews 1817 Aleyghur, Delhi. An oval silver medal. (2) For Merit, the gift of Lieut. Col. Lord Bentinck: 1800. AND DECORATIONS. 237 28TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — From Lieut. Col. Hon. Charles William Stewart to Sergt. ]. Cooper for Merit. 1798. (2) Another: To Chas. Roots: 1816. ROYAL ARTILLERY. — (i) Obverse, the star and motto of the Order of the Garter. Reverse, Vittoria 6* Leipsic, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A silver medal, ijin. diameter, with loop and bar for suspen- sion ; ribbon, red with blue edges. Given to the men of the rocket troop of Royal Artillery who were present at the Battles of Vittoria and Leipsic. (2) Obverse, a field-gun ; below, on a scroll, Stand by me. On the raised edge of the medal, Captain Kitchen, Lieutenant Field; below, Sept. 1858. Reverse, Presented by the Officers of the Royal Artillery Divisn X. to the second best shot at the Gun Practice at Woolwich, Sept. 1858. Above, on the raised edge of the medal, Robert Helsham. A silver-gilt medal, ifin. diameter. (3) Obverse, the Royal Arms, without supporters, between sprays of roses, shamrocks, and thistles. Below, a field-gun, and on two scrolls Ubique and Quo -fas et gloria ducunt; the whole surrounded by an ornamental border. Reverse, inscribed, Won by Sergt. James Bruce, Royal Regiment of Artillery: at Woolwich iqth June 1821. A large silver convex medallion, 3.65in. by 34in., having a bold floral border. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (4) Obverse, on a garter, royally crowned, Royal Rcgt. of Artillery, with G.R. in cypher, and various emblems. Reverse, Reward of Merit to Sergt. ]. Cooper from Lieut. -Colonel John Cockburn 27 May 1802. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with loop for suspension. In Mr. Day's collection. 238 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (5) See " Ordnance Medal," pages 285, 286. (6) 2nd Rocket Troop, R.H.A.: Gold Badge. Obverse, garter, inscribed Vittoria, with red enamelled Cross of St. George. Reverse, within a wreath, Leipsic 1 1813. Silver-gilt, with an orna- mental suspender. (7) Obverse, two crossed cannons; in one angle G, in the other R, below ///. Above all, Major Lewis; below, Company of Arty. Reverse, Gunner Hans White: Reward of Merit 1*798. A small silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter, with heavy raised } rim, and loop for suspension. (8) Obverse, the badge of the Royal Artillery, with rays behind. Reverse, Awarded to 2nd. Lieu- tenant John St. ^George: Royal Artillery: Sept. 26th. 1828, within two palm-branches. A silver-gilt en- graved medal, if in. diameter, with loop for sus- pension. (9) Obverse, a Sphinx and Egypt. Reverse, Mili- tary merit rewarded by Colonel V. Lloyd to ]. Kirk- wood. A silver-gilt medallion. This medal, writh the recipient's M.G.S. medal for Egypt, was sold in London, June yth, 1906. By a special General Order, dated October 3ist and November ist, 1803, the officers, non-commissioned officers, and men of the various companies which had served in Egypt were permitted to wear the Sphinx, with the word Egypt, on their regimental caps, but the distinction was a personal one, and not to be perpetuated in the companies. (10) Silver-gilt medal of the Royal Artillery. Obverse, badge of the Royal Artillery, with rays at the back. Reverse, Awarded to 2nd Lieutenant John AND DECORATIONS. 239 • : St. George, Royal Artillery, sept. 2fh, 1828,' within two palm-branches. GRENADIER GUARDS. — A silver medal, presented to Private John Skinner. Obverse, Private Skinner seated on a gun, unspiking it; below, the inscription, John Skinner, Private Soldier, King's Company, ist Foot Guards, drilling a gun, sea battery, Fort de Batz, in the midst of a heavy firing from the enemy's flotilla, Aug. 8, 1809. Above, A Reward of Bravery and Good Conduct. Reverse, a battery of five guns in the foreground, with the attacking fleet. In the background a town. 2^-in. diameter. IST FOOT. — (i) Obverse, Presented by Lt.-Col. Geo. Bell and the officers of the 2nd Battn. Royal Rgt. to Drum-Major George Morgason, for long service and exemplary conduct. On a bar is engraved, 36 years' service — never a defaulter. 1847. A silver medal ; ribbon, red. In the Murray collection. (2) Obverse, the star of the Order of the Thistle, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Below, The Royal Scots, and the letters /. W. R. (the recipient's initials?). Reverse, within a laurel-wreath, Egypt: Corunna : Salamanca : Egmont-op-Zee : St. Sebastian : Vittoria: Busaco : Nive : On the edge, To com- memorate twenty years' meritorious service in the ist. Rl. Regt. of Foot. An engraved medal, with an ornamental suspender of thistles. In Mr. Day's collection. (3) Obverse, the badge of the Regiment, Reward of merit, ist. Royal Regiment. Reverse, Presented to Thomas McKie: 1790. (4) jrd. Battalion The Royal Regiment (ist. Foot), given to John Robertson, a token of Regard from his 24o BRITISH WAR MEDALS Brothers in Arms, 1812. Oval, with ornamental border. 2ND FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a silver Maltese cross (ijin. square), on the centre of which is a Paschal lamb. On the arms of the cross are inscribed the words, Merit — X years, Queen's Royals, surrounded by an edge of laurel. Reverse, engraved, Queen's Royals; for ten years' meritorious service, to . This medal was given in two classes : Silver, with j gilt lamb in the centre, for ten years' service; and bronze, with a silver lamb in the centre, for six years' ] service. Ribbon, dar£ blue. No names were en- graved on the bronze medals. The medals were insti- tuted in 1829, and discontinued in 1839. (2) A silver eight-pointed star, i.6in. diameter. In the centre of the obverse a smaller star, surrounded by a raised band, on which are the words, Queen's Royals, in raised letters. Reverse, plain. A ring is attached for suspension. (3) Obverse, a silver-gilt Paschal lamb; below, on a scroll, Queen's. Reverse, engraved, T.A.S., then the recipient's name, and below, on a scroll, Royals. This is a cast silver badge, the obverse being in high relief. In Captain Stansf eld's collection. (4) Obverse, in the centre a silver-gilt Paschal lamb, embossed. Outside is engraved, 2nd. or Queen's Royal Regt. Reverse, engraved, /. Farrell the best shot at 150 yards. Annual practice iSjj. A round silver medal, with a crown for suspension. (5) A silver Maltese cross, engraved, Queen's T.A. Society. Burmah Campaign, 1886. Reverse, plain. Ribbon, purple and white. (6) Obverse, in the centre the monogram G.R. sur- rounded by a garter, charged Honi soit qui ma] y AND DECORATIONS. 241 pense, surmounted by a crown and a lion. On one side of the crown the Paschal lamb, and on the other a Sphinx, with Egypt; below, two sprays of laurel, on one of which is a label charged with the word Queen's, and on the other a label charged with the word Royal. On either side a scroll bearing the regi- mental mottoes : one, Pristince virtutis memor ; and he other, Vel exuvice triumphant. Reverse, Award of merit to Joseph Bryan. *He being declared the best shot in the Queen's Royal Regt of Foot 1826. A silver engraved medal, with raised rim 2T1¥in. dia- meter, with an ornamental loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (7) Presented to R. Jones by his comrades, 1811. 3RD FOOT. — (i) A ten-pointed silver star, having on the obverse, in the centre, the regimental crest (a dragon) in high relief. Within an ornamental en- graved border is the motto, Veteri Frondescit Honore ; below, The Buffs. On the three top points of the star are the letters A.T.A. Reverse, plain, with the re- cipient's name engraved. A small bar is added for suspension. Ribbon, orange. (2) See Lieutenant Latham's Medal, page 47. 4711 FOOT, 1727. — (i) The Order of Orange and Blue. Obverse, a star; in the centre, the white horse of Hanover; on a garter, Glo. Pri. Aug. Below, an altar, inscribed, Qua. Di. Nov.; on the top, Non Deficit Alter. Reverse, a circular altar, five arrows, and a crown. On a garter, Vis Unita Fortior, within a border inscribed Minor Est Qui Invidet. A gold badge, with loop for suspension. This was a club formed by the officers of the regiment. (2) Obverse, Presented to Private Holden by his R 242 BRITISH WAR MEDALS comrades, for capturing the enemy's flag at Badajoz 1812. A silver medal. (3) A gold medal, surmounted by a finely-chased lion, forming the suspender. Obverse, 4 within a wreath, The King's Own. Reverse, Waterloo, i8th. June 1815, For Distinguished Conduct to Wm. Monoh, Assistant Surgeon, from the Officers of the Regiment. (4) A silver-gilt and enamelled cross, For Military Merit: 1817. (5) fill. King's Own Regiment 1817, James White, presented by his Brothers in Arms. 5TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, St. George and the Dragon (the regimental crest); above, on a scroll, Quo Fata vocant. Reverse, Vth Foot: Merit. March loth, 1767; within a laurel-wreath. (2) Another has a similar obverse; but on the re- verse, V Northumberland Fusiliers. Merit. March loth, 1767; within a wreath. (3) Similar to the above, but with the number V left out on the reverse. (4) A third variety has a similar reverse ; but on the obverse, Revived April 23, 1805, in the exergue. The ribbon is green, and the medals are i-35in. diameter. There are three classes of these medals : (i) Bronze- gilt, for seven years' good conduct; (2) silver, for fourteen years' ; (3) silver, for twenty-one years'. The last-named only have the recipient's name engraved on the edge. They were discontinued in 1855. The recipient of the last medal also received an oval badge of the colour of the regimental facings, which was worn on the right breast, embroidered with gold and silver threads, and in the centre the word Merit ii gold letters. AND DECORATIONS. 243 (5) In Lord Cheylesmore's collection there is a silver engraved medal, having on the obverse St. George and the Dragon, and Vth Ft. Quo Fata vocant. Reverse, Reward of 74 years' military merit, 1 8th January, 1769, within a laurel-wreath. (6) A bronze-gilt medal with a similar obverse, but with the figure of St. George facing the right instead of the left. Reverse, similar to No. i, but the date in the exergue reads March the loth, 1767. This was no doubt one of the first issue. (7) Obverse, the badge and motto of the Regiment. Reverse, Presented to John Watson, by Col Sir C. Pratt: K.C.B. and officers of the Regiment, a Token of Regard. May 1818. A silver medal. (8) Obverse, regimental badge and motto. Re- verse, Reward of 18 years Military Merit 18 January 7769. A silver medal, all engraved. 6TH FOOT. — (i) A silver cross, inscribed with en- gagements, Echelar; Maga; Nivelle ; Orthes ; Drum- Major ]. Keeth. (2) 6th Warwickshire Regiment, for Faithful Ser- vice Rt. Smart, 1818. 7711 FOOT. — (i) Obverse, Pallas and Victory crown- ing a soldier with laurel. In the exergue, Order of Merit. Estab. MDCCLXXXVIII. Reverse, a star with radiations; in the centre a rose, encircled by a garter charged Honi soit qui mal y pense; inscription, Military virtue rewarded. In the exergue, VII. Rgt., or Royal Fusiliers. A silver medal, ijin. diameter. (2) A bronze medal, similar in design, but having on the obverse, in the exergue, VII. Regt., or Royal Fusiliers. Reverse, the same as the first, but with the legend, Order of Merit Established; and in the exergue, MDCCLXXXVIII. ijin. diameter. R 2 244 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (3) A bronze medal. Obverse and reverse the same; and like the reverse of No. i. ijin. diameter. (4) A silver-gilt star of eight points; in the centre a rose, and the letters T.A.S. (Total Abstinence Society), around which are the words, Royal Fusiliers. Reverse, plain. A ring and loop for suspension are attached to one of the points. (5) Obverse, a silver Maltese cross. In the centre a full-blown rose, surrounded by the Royal Garter, and inscription, encircled by a laurel-wreath and sur- mounted by a crown. Reverse, engraved on the arms of the cross (see illustration, page 245) : H. Parkinson, C.S.R.F. Talavera, 28 July, i8og. \ Albuera, 16 May, 1811. Rodrigo, 19 January, 1812. ) Badajoz, 6 April, 1812. \ Vittoria, 21 June, 1813. Salamanca, 22 July, 1813. ) Orthes, 28 February, 1814. j Toulouse, w April, 1814. I Pyrenees, 28 July, 1814. } (6) Obverse, the regimental badge : Martinique, in- scribed, within a laurel-wreath. Reverse, To Francis Smith, a token of regard from his br other s-in-arms, 1816. A silver medal. The ribbons of all these medals are dark blue. QTH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, Britannia seated, holding an olive-branch in the right hand and a trident in the left, a lion couchant at her feet; below, in the exergue, the regimental number — IX. Reverse, en- graved laurel-wreath, with inscription and date. A silver medal, if in. diameter, worn with a yellow ribbon. AND DECORATIONS. 245 (2) Obverse, in the centre, Merit 1815, surrounded by a star, below which is a spray of laurel. Above, From his brothers in arms. Reverse, in the centre the regimental number — IX., surrounded by a laurel- wreath; above, A token of respect; below, and soldierly merit. The medal has a silver bar for sus- pension, on which is engraved, George Parfect, qth Britannia Regiment of Foot. An engraved silver medal. i.6in. diameter. In the Murray collection. (3) Obverse, Britannia, IX Regiment of Foot. Re- verse, inscription and date 1817. A large oval silver medal. IOTH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a soldier firing; inscrip- tion, Auspicio Regis et Senatus Anglicz. Reverse, on a star, the number of the regiment — X.; inscrip- tion, A Reward for my Expertness in Ball-firing. A 246 BRITISH WAR MEDALS bronze medal, with yellow ribbon ; also met with in silver. (2) Obverse, a crowned head of Queen Victoria, sur- rounded by the legend, Victoria Regina. Reverse, a Sphinx; below, Egypt. Underneath, X., the whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Outside, Lincoln Regiment. The best shot in the Battalion. A silver medal ; ribbon, two blue stripes with a red one in the centre. (3) Obverse, a star of eight points, radiating from a circular band, inscribed loth. Regiment of Foot, enclosing the Sphinx, with Egypt on base of pedestal. Reverse, To ]. Moseley from Captain P. Grieve June 1817. A round silver engraved medal, with flat rim and ring. IITH FOOT. — Presented to Timothy Coghlan, Quartermaster, a token of regard on his completion of his i8th. year of service igth. Oct: 1818. I2TH FOOT. — (i) A castle, surrounded by the legend, Minden Branch, C.E.T.S.; below, 1887. Reverse, Endure hardness as a good soldier of Jesus Christ. Ribbon, white with red and blue borders. On the ribbon is- fixed a silver key, the regimental crest. (2) Obverse, the Castle and Key of Gibraltar, to the left a cannon ; on the right a man-of-war rounding a headland; below, on a ribbon, Montis insignia calpe; above, a trophy of flags and arms; and on ar oval shield is the regimental number — 12. Reverse, a laurel-wreath, in which is inscribed, November 2fth, 1781, September ijth, 1782; beneath, the wore Gibraltar. A large silver medal; all engraved. 2in diameter. AND DECORATIONS. 247 (3) Obverse, the Castle and Key of Gibraltar; above, 12, and Gibraltar ; below, the regimental motto, Montis insignia calpe. Reverse, A reward of Military Merit, 1807. A thin, silver, engraved medal (i-55in. diameter), with ring for suspension. In Colonel Gas- kell's collection. I3TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a bugle, Sphinx, and Egypt above; on the bugjle, Ava, Martinique; in the centre, XIII.; inscription, Medal of Merit. For 14. years' good conduct. Reverse, plain. A silver medal, with dark blue ribbon, i.85in. diameter. This medal was also given in gold for twenty years' good conduct, and in silver for fourteen, ten, and seven years'. The obverse and reverse are similar in all classes, but they differ in the number of years on the obverse. They also vary in size, and the recipient's name is usually engraved on the reverse. (2) A bugle-horn, with cords, surrounded by a garter, on which is engraved, Ball firing prize, 100 yards; a crown and ring for suspension. Reverse, W. Webber, in the centre, surrounded by the regimental number — XIII. — and a Sphinx ; below, two olive-branches. A silver badge, ijin. diameter. In the Murray collection. (3) A silver badge, consisting of a Sphinx; below, on a pedestal, Egypt; suspended from it is a bugle- horn, on which are the words, Ava, Martinique; in the centre, in large figures, ij. Reverse, engraved, N. Gillespie. Seven years' efficient. In the Murray collection. (4) A gold medal. Obverse, inscribed, Ulundi, 1^79, within a wreath. Reverse, Presented to George Astell-Purdoe : ijth. Regt. 248 BRITISH WAR MEDALS I4TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, in the centre, the regi- mental number — 14 — inscribed within a circle ; above, Merit; below, Bedfordshire Regiment. Reverse, in- scribed, within a circle, Awarded to Lieut. W. Shea by Colonel Geo. Hotham, 1803. A thin, silver, engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with loop for suspen- sion. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (2) Obverse, in the centre the regimental number — 14 — surmounted by a crown ; beneath, on a ribbon, Nee aspera terrent. Above all, Waterloo; and below two laurel-branches. Reverse, For merit 1816. A circular silver medal. All engraved. (3) Obverse, the regimental badge and motto. Reverse, For Military Merit: awarded to Wm. Harris, 1816. I5TH FOOT. — Obverse, a crown; below, XV; and below it, YE ET RG RT.; above the crown, Gen1 H. W. Powell Comg. Reverse, Cap*. At. Milnes, Prise medal No 2. Officer's best shot 1804. Cap1. ]. Maxwell. A circular silver medal ; all engraved. i6TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, Sobriety, inscribed, sur- rounded by a wreath of roses; legend, Temperance Society, i6th Foot. Reverse, engraved with recipient's - name, and date — 1838. A silver medal, with yellow ribbon. (2) Merit awarded by Lieut. -Col. Q. ]. Freeman, to Sergt. ]. Lyle qth. June 1802. I;TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a soldier firing a cannon ; on the right a drum, with the regimental colours crossed above it; on the left, a tent and a palm-tree. Reverse, H.M. ifth Regimental School, 1816. The reward of merit, encircled in a laurel- wreath. A silver medal, if in. diameter, with blue ribbon. AND DECORATIONS. 249 (2) Obverse, two crossed flags; above, a tiger; below, ist Batt. Leicester Regiment; the whole sur- rounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, a dove flying, with an olive-branch in its beak, surrounded by the legend, For total abstinence and moral conduct. A small embossed silver medal ; ribbon, red. (3) Obverse, a tiger statant, supporting a shield, inscribed 17; below, Hindostan; above, a crown; the whole surrounded by a laftrel-wreath. Reverse, Ball- firing, 100 yards prize Engn. D. Cooper: 1826. A circular silver engraved medal, i-jVn. diameter, with a heavy raised floreated border, and chased ring for suspension. i8TH FOOT. — An oval gold medal. Obverse, a Sphinx, Egypt 1801, surmounted by a harp and iSth. Regiment. Reverse, A Reward for Exemplary Conduct in Action. H. Galley. IQTH FOOT. — For Merit and Faithful Service. T. L. Hey, 1794. A silver medal. 20TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a crown, the regimental number — XX. — and a Sphinx; behind, two crossed flags; inscription, Omnia Audax; the whole sur- rounded by laurel-branches. Reverse, ICL the centre the regimental number — XX. — and the following inscription : For highly meritorious conduct during a period of 18 years — June ijth, 1838. Minden, mont-op-Zcc, Egypt, Maida, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Orthcs, Toulouse, Peninsula, Vimiera, Corunna, encircled by branches of laurel. Around the edge of the medal, Presented by his brethren in arms XXth Rgt. to John Dorrington, Quartermaster- Sergeant. The medal is gold, and has an ornamental bar with military trophies ; it is suspended from a 25Q BRITISH WAR MEDALS yellow ribbon. It is now in Lord Cheylesmore's collection. (2) Obverse, some soldiers fighting; in the exergue, XX. Regiment. Reverse, a crown, below which is a Sphinx, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Double legend, Egypt, Egmont-op-Zee, Maida, Vimicra, Corunna, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula. The medal is suspended by a swivel and bar, inscribed, To the best shot in the Company. A silver medal, with yellow ribbon. (3) Obverse, a Sphinx, Egypt, and G.R. within a wreath. Reverse : Reward of merit. Peninsula. John Dodd 1816. 2 IST FOOT. — Wm. Walsh; a token of regard from his brothers in arms: 1817. An oval, silver, engraved medal. 22ND FOOT. — (i) Obverse, Hercules crowning a soldier with a laurel-wreath; in the background a camp ; in the exergue, Order of Merit, Estab. \ MDCCLXXXV. Reverse, a laurel-wreath, within which is inscribed, Reward for Military Virtue from Lt.-Col. Crosbie. Outside the wreath is the legend, XXII., or Cheshire Regiment. Given in silver-gilt for twenty-one years' good ponduct, in silver for fourteen, 'i and in bronze for seven. The medals are ijin. diameter. Ribbon, blue. (2) Another medal, which replaced the former, had on the obverse a soldier kneeling before the King and receiving a medal, with Windsor Castle in the background. Above, Established under Royal Sanction; and in the exergue, 17^5. Reverse, Ordei of Merit, 22nd Regiment, Re-established by Col. Sii H. Gough, ist January, 1820. The medal was givei AND DECORATIONS. 251 En silver for fourteen years' good conduct, and in bronze for seven years', and was i.4in. diameter. It jwas worn suspended from the neck by a red or yellow ribbon, according to the years of service. (3) A silver star of eight points, 2in. diameter, paving in the centre on a raised centre 22, encircled jby olive-branches. Reverse, plain. 23RD FOOT. — (i) Obverse, the Prince of Wales' Icrest, and motto, Ich dien; above, Wellington; [below, Peninsula; surrounded by olive-branches. Reverse, inscribed within a laurel-wreath, Albuera, \Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nivelle, \Orthcs, Toulouse. The recipient's name and regi- ment are engraved on the edge. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter. Ribbon, red, with blue edges. In the Murray collection. (2) Obverse, the Prince of Wales' plumes in relief; 2j. R. W. F. below. Reverse, engraved, Badajos, \Salamanca, Vittoria, Pampaluna, Nivelle, Orthes, \Sylvatara, Toulouse: Patrick McNulty. (3) Obverse, the Prince of Wales' crest and motto, engraved, surrounded by a raised wreath of oak and laurel; above, R. L.; below, W. F. Reverse, XXIII. OrtJics. Badajos. Vittoria. Salamanca. Martinique. Pyrenees. Toulouse, Nivelle: Alexr. Mackie. A silver medal, ijin. diameter, with large steel ring and clip. 24711 FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a soldier shooting at a mark ; above, M. H. I., H Compy., 2nd Battn., 24-th Regt. Reverse, a Persian inscription, meaning For Shooting from the Shoulder, 1860. A silver engraved medal. (2) 2j.th. Warwickshire Regt: to Sergt. ]. Wright, best shot 252 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (3) 24.111. Foot, 2nd. Battalion, reward for Military Merit I. Buxton 1814. 25TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a lion and crown, with a Sphinx, and Egypt within a wreath. Legend, The King's own Borderers. Egmon-Op-Zee. Reverse, 25, within a wreath : Reward of merit. Presented to John Lock, by the Officers of the 2nd. Battalion, a testimony of their regard 1816. (2) The gift o.f the N. C. officers of the Regt. to James Campbell 181?. 26iH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a figure of Religion, seated on a rock, awarding a medal to a soldier; at her side a cross and anchor, in the background a camp; above, the legend, Thou art worthy ; in the exergue, Be thou faithful unto death. Reverse, the regimental colours, crossed, above a Bible ; above, the Scotch thistle and crown, surrounded by palm- and olive-branches. In the exergue, the date — 1823. A large medal, i.yin. diameter, given in silver and bronze, according to the length of service of the recipient. Ribbon, red, with yellow edges. Instituted in 1823. (2) Obverse, Merit, surrounded by a wreath of thistles; above, Cameronian ; below, Regimental School. A large silver medal, with plain reverse; ribbon, red, with yellow edges. 27TH FOOT. — (i) Suspended from a silver bar, on which is engraved A reward of merit, a skull pierced by a sword ; on the reverse of the bar, Best Swordsman, 1801. Ribbon, crimson, on which is a silver crescent and star, and a pin-bar engraved with the name of the recipient (Owen Reilly). In Captain Whitaker's collection. (2) A wreath of shamrocks, inside which is the AND DECORATIONS. 253 castle of Enniskillen, with flag flying. Below, the regimental motto, Nee aspera terrent; in the exergue, 27. On the ribbon are three gold bars, on which are engraved the following victories : Egypt, Maida, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse. The whole of fine gold, struck in filigree work. i-Sin. diameter. (3) Obverse, in the centfe 27, surrounded by a laurel- wreath ; above, Egypt; below, Maida; surrounded by a garter, inscribed Inniskilling Regiment of Foot 1808. Reverse, To Chas: Hutton, a token of regard, from his comrades. A round silver engraved medal, with a chased floral border and loop, ijin. diameter. (4) Obverse, Busaco ; Albuhera; Badajoz; Sala- manca: Vittoria: San Sebastian, within a laurel wreath. Edge engraved /. Morgan. (5) Obverse, in high relief the Castle of Enniskillen ; above, Twenty - seventh. Below, Inniskilling. Reverse, a raised laurel wreath, within which is engraved Salamanca: Vittoria: Pyrenees; Orthes; Toulouse: On edge, B. Martin. Silver, struck, ijin. diameter, with bar and ring for suspension. 28TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, inscribed, Presented by Captain Bell and the men of No. 5 Company, 28th Regt., to Inkermann Richard Prichett, the Crimean hero. Reverse, the same as the Crimean War Medal. A silver medal, with two bars — Inkermann and Scbastopol. Now in the Whitaker collection. (2) Obverse, in the centre, a royal crown ; over, XXVIII. Two laurel-branches below, and a scroll above, inscribed with the nickname of the regiment, The Slashers ; a narrow ornamental border. Reverse, Presented to Private Shea (No. 8 Comp :) by the non- comnd officers and private soldiers of the regt. in testi- 254 BRITISH WAR MEDALS mony of his noble and meritorious conduct at Nogales: qth June 1809, within a narrow ornamental border. A silver engraved medal, i.Sin. diameter; a loop and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. 2QTH FOOT. — Obverse, a crown; below, XXIX. Regt.; the whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, Total Abstinence. A small gold medal, i Jin. diameter, both sides engraved. 30TH FOOT. — Obverse, the badge of the regiment. Reverse, within a wreath, To John Williamson, late of joth Regiment, a token of regard and esteem from his comrades and friends 1818. An oval engraved medal. 32ND FOOT. — (i) Obverse, crossed rifles and a wreath of laurel. Reverse, Won by Private W. Laughen; on the edge, Presented by Colonel the Hon. B. M. Ward, Com. $2nd Lt. Infantry. (2) Obverse, the arms and motto of the county of Cornwall, surmounted by the Prince of Wales' plumes; below, on a scroll, One and All; a Van- dyke border surrounding the whole. Reverse, $2nd Foot, for soldierly merit, 1816, surrounded by a wreath. A thin silver engraved medal, i.yin. diameter, with rim, and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (3) Obverse, a Maltese cross, crowned, in the centre 32, surrounded by a circle, inscribed Cornwall Regiment, below G. R. Reverse, Presented by Captain John Priestly to Sergt. Wm. Allen, best shot of the Light Company for 1803. A silver oval shield- shaped medal, all engraved, 2in. by ijin., with pierced aperture for ribbon. AND DECORATIONS. 255 34TH FOOT.— (i) Obverse, a head of the Duke of Wellington ; above, Wellington. Reverse, Presented by Lieut.-Col. Airey and the officers of the jqth Rgt. to Bar rack-Serge ant-Major Moses Simpson of the 2nd Batt., j^th Rgt., in commemoration of his gallant conduct as Sergeant of Grenadiers at the action of Arroya de Molinosf in Spain, on the 28th Oct., 1811, when he took from the Drum-Major of the French ^th Rgt. of the line the Regimental Staff, which has ever since been carried at the head of the British jqth Regiment. June, 1843. A silver medal. Ribbon, crimson with blue edges. (2) Obverse, in the centre 34, and on the arms of the cross Cumberland, soldierly, merit, rewarded. Re- verse, in the centre 34, and oh each arm of the cross two battles, viz., Albuhera, Busaco, Pyrenees, Vit- toria, Nivelle-Nive, Orthes-Toulouse. Silver Maltese cross, if in. square, all engraved, with ring. Sergt. B. Drabble. 35TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, the regimental number 35, surmounted by a crown, and surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, For soldierly merit and good conduct, 1819. A silver medal, struck. (2) Obverse, a shield charged 35; below, a scroll, inscribed Sussex, and between it and the regimental number 77; a crown above the shield, and the whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, Presented to Sergeant Thorn, 3$th Regiment, by Capt. Arthur, for gallant conduct. Flushing, 1809. A silver en- graved medal, 2in. diameter, with loop. 36711 Foo7. — Obverse, in the centre, within a small circle, 36^/1 Firm; around, in radiating lines, the names of nine victories : Vimcira, Corunna, Barba del Porteo, Salamanca, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, 256 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Orthes, Toulouse; above, Peninsula, 2oth July, 1836. Reverse, Presented by his Br. N.-C. Offrs. of the depot, as a token of respect for his long services of 30 years. A silver engraved medal, with a bar for suspension. On the front of the bar is engraved Cr. Sergt. Saml. Richardson; and on the back, $6th Regt. Firm. In Dr. Payne's collection. 37TH FOOT.— (i) Obverse, Presented by Sir Alexander Duff, Colonel of the 3fth Rgt., to John Howard, bugler, in testimony of long and meritorious service for upwards of jo years in the Corps. Reverse, the arms of the Duff family — Deus juvit, Deo juvante — on a scroll. Ribbon, crimson with blue edge. (2) Obverse, a garter and North Hampshire, a crown above; inside the circle the regimental number — XXXVII. — surrounded by a wreath of roses, sham- rocks, and thistles. In the exergue, July i2th, 1843. Reverse, inscribed, The best Marksman, Light Com- pany, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A silver medal, i|in. diameter. Ribbon, red with blue edge. (3) A gold medal with obverse similar to No. 2, inscribed on the reverse, To the Best Marksman. (4) Obverse, a star containing a garter, on which is inscribed, Deus juvit, Deo juvante; within the garter, Prize XXXVII. Shot. Reverse, plain. An oval, silver medal, 2.4in. by i.7in., engraved. In the Murray collection. (5) Obverse, a military trophy of arms, armour, flags, &c., on a pedestal. Above, Auderates Fortuna Juvat; below, MDCCLXXIV. Sir Eyre Coote K.B. Colonel. Reverse, The Distinguished order of the advanced. Sequitur quos coetera pubes, surrounded by a laurel-wreath tied with a ribbon below. In the AND DECORATIONS. 257 exergue the regimental number — 37. A silver-gilt struck medal, i-{-fin. diameter. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (6) Obverse, in the centre, in gold filigree work, a drum, with crossed flags above, and surrounded by a bugle and cords, the whole surrounded by a lozenge-shaped border. On the medal a broad ribbon is engraved, having on one side of the central device North Hampshire, and on the other side Regiment of Foot. Behind, two crossed rifles, with fixed bayonets ; in the upper angle a rose, and in the lower 37, and below 1801. The whole surrounded by a wreath composed of 6 crowns and floral emblems. Reverse, ist. Merit at Shooting, awarded by Lieut. Colonel John Hope, to Quartermaster Samuel Wood- ford, surrounded by a similar border to that on the obverse. Silver, 2 in. diameter, all engraved except the centre : a ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (7) Obverse, the regimental number, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, Best Marksman, Captain Herrick's Company, 1^35. A circular silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter, with raised rim, and ring for suspension. 38711 FOOT. — Obverse, the royal monogram — G. R. III. — in the centre; above is a crown; below, XXXVIII. Regt. Reverse, 38 Regt. To a deserving soldier, as a Token of faithful and meritorious service. A bronze engraved medal, i.5in. diameter (also issued in silver and silver-gilt), with loop for suspension. 4OTH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, inscribed qoth Regiment, German Town, Oct. 4, 1777, surrounded by a laurel- wreath. Reverse, the American troops investing the s 258 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Store-house; above, Reward of Merit. A silver, and also a bronze, medal, ijin. diameter, worn with a narrow dark blue ribbon. (2) Obverse, For seven years' fidelity, surmounted by the Prince of Wales' plumes; below, a Sphinx, and surrounded by the legend, ist. Battn. Prince of Wales' Volunteers: South Lancashire Regt. Total Abstinence Society. Reverse, Reward of Merit, surrounded by a wreath of roses and laurels. A silver struck medal, 1.510. diameter. (3) A gold Maltese cross. Obverse, in the centre, Stedfast and true for ten years; and on each of the four limbs, XL. T. A. S. Reverse, the recipient's name, and date of presentation. (4) A silver Maltese cross. On the arms, engraved, B. H. of X. L. (5) A silver eight-pointed star. Obverse, in the centre, a raised Maltese cross, with T. A. S. on the arms. In the centre of the cross a raised shield, inscribed XL. Reverse, plain, with recipient's name engraved. (6) Obverse, in the centre, a Sphinx, with Egypt below, surrounded by laurel-branches, outside which, on a scroll, is engraved qoth Somersetshire Regt. Foot. Reverse, For soldierly merit, 1815; and below, on a scroll, Will. Wooley. A silver engraved medal, if in. diameter, with raised rim and loop for suspension. This, and the same man's Waterloo medal, are in Colonel Gaskell's collection. (7) For gallant conduct before Ciudad Roderigo, awarded by Lieut.-Col. Horcout. Edward Porter, ist. Battn. 4oth. Sold, with his six-clasp Peninsula at Sotheby's, June 29th, 1904. AND DECORATIONS. 259 41 ST FOOT. — Detroit, Queenstown, Miami, Reward of Merit, John Davids, 1817. Hall-marked. 42ND FOOT. — (i) Obverse, troops marching through a mountainous country; below, Pyrenees; a figure of Saint Andrew, and the regimental motto, Nemo me impune lacessit above ; a thistle on each side. Reverse, inscribed, Corunna, Fuentes d'Onor, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse, Peninsula; above, a flying figure of Victory ; below, within a wreath, 42nd R. H. Rt. A silver medal, struck, i-3in. diameter, worn with dark blue ribbon. Instituted in 1819. (2) Obverse, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse, Waterloo. Reverse, XL//., within a laurel-wreath. Suspended from a bar engraved Victoria. Ribbon, crimson with blue edges. This medal is in Lord Cheylesmore's collection. (3) Similar to No. i, the only difference being in the reverse, where a Sphinx and Egypt are substituted for the number of the regiment. It was given to six or eight survivors of the Battle of Alexandria. Ribbon, red with blue edges. (4) A large silver medal, 2in. diameter. Obverse, the head of Sir Ralph Abercromby; legend, Aber- crombius dux in E gyp to, Cecidit Victor. 28 Mar., 1801. Reverse, a Highlander (Major Stirling) capturing a French standard, with the Gaelic in- scription, Na Fir a choisin bvaidh' san ephait, 21 Mar., 1801 (" These are the heroes who won victory in Fgypt "). Engraved on the edge of the medal, in Gaelic, O'n Chomun ghaelcach d'on fhreiceadan dubh na XLII Rt. (" From the London Highland Society, to the Black Watch, or 42nd Regiment "). (5) Obverse, a shield, on which is a figure of St. Andrew crucified, with the letters R. H. R. in the s 2 26o BRITISH WAR MEDALS left, right, and bottom divisions of the shield; above the shield, XLII; below, Nemo me impune Lacessit, surrounded by a beaded circle. Reverse, engraved, Egypt, Corunna, Fuentes d'Onor, Salamanca, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse, sur- rounded by a beaded circle. On the edge, A token of respect from the non-commissioned officers of the 42nd Regt. to Corporal ]. Mackenzie, 1817. A large silver engraved medal, 2 Jin. diameter. It has a raised border, and elaborate suspender composed of thistles, with ring for the ribbon to pass through. In the Murray collection. (6) Obverse, a circular badge; in the centre, St. Andrew's Cross; in the centre of the cross, P. H.; and on the two upper arms, Palma Virtuti; engraved on the circle, Nemo me impune lacessit. Reverse, engraved, XLII. Defence, Defiance, 100 yards distant Best marksman. A silver badge, with crown and ring for suspension; below, two thistles, ijin. diameter. In the Murray collection. (7) Obverse, troops marching through a moun- tainous country; below, Pyrenees; a figure of Saint Andrew, and the regimental motto, Nemo me impune lacessit above; a thistle on each side. Reverse, emblematic figure of Fame, Peninsula honours, &c. Sold at Debenham's, May ist, 1903, with y-bar Penin- sula medal : Corunna, Salamanca, Pyrenees, Nile, Nive, Orthes, Toulouse, both to James Mclntosh. (8) A large silver cross, inscribed, For Merit, Corunna, 1809. Sold at Debenham's on November 24th, 1899, together with the same man's 4-bar M.G.S. medal : Corunna, Salamanca, Orthes, Toulouse. (9) A large silver medal, inscribed 42nd Waterloo AND DECORATIONS. 261 1815, the gift of the Sergeants, Corporals, and privates to Donald Davidson. (10) The gift of the Officers to D. Macpherson. Merit rewarded, 1818. (11) Obverse, For military merit, within a wreath; 42 on a shield below. Reverse, Royal Highland Regiment. John PI owe, 1809. 43RD FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a royal crown, beneath which is suspended a bugle ; the regimental number — 43; Presented by the officers of the Regiment to Private Henry Wharton, 4$rd Lt. Infantry, for long service and good conduct. Reverse, inscribed, Served seven campaigns in Spain and France. Present at the battles of Vimicra, Douro, Talavera, Cos, Busaco, Sabugal, Fuentes d'Onor, Ciudad Roderigo, Badajoz, Salamanca, Vittoria, Nivelle, Nive, Tou- louse. (2) Obverse, a bugle and cords, between which is the regimental number — 43 — surrounded by a garter, with the inscription, Monmouthshire Light Infantry, and surrounded by a crown. The whole is mounted on a silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter, with richly chased background. Reverse, engraved, Dis- tinguished conduct in action, surrounded by two olive-branches, the whole of the field engraved with lines; around the edge, Colour-Sergeant R. Jermy. Ribbon, crimson with white edges, on which are loose bars, engraved Bayonne, 2$rd Nov. 1813; France, Pyrenees, Peninsula, Spain, Portugal, Flanders, America. This rare decoration is in Colonel Gaskell's collection. (3) Obverse, a bugle, with the regimental number — 4? — between the cords, surmounted by a crown and surrounded bv a laurel-wreath. Reverse, For 262 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Military Merit. Corporal ]. McCaivley. From his Comrades: 1815. A large silver engraved medal, with raised border and loop for suspension. (4) Obverse, 43. Monmouthshire, with wreath and crown. Reverse, To the best shot, 1800. Won by Capt. ]. Earle. The gift of Lt. Colonel Rd. Stuart. A silver engraved medal. (5) Obverse, 43 within a wreath. Valour and merit rewarded. On a scroll, Given to Wm. Thomson for assisting a wounded officer out of action at Bunker's Hill, 1775. Reverse, Given by the Officers of His Majesty's 4$rd. Regiment, in the year //#5, to ]. Loftus, to perpetuate the memory of his distingiiished Conduct at the Battle of Bunker's Hill: June ifth, 1775. A gold medal. . (6) A silver Maltese cross. Obverse, on each of the arms is engraved one of the following names : Vimiera, Corunna, Busaco, Peninsula, and the figures 43 in the centre; if in. square, with slightly raised border all round. The reverse is plain, with the recipient's name, John Cook, engraved in running hand; ring and bar for suspension. Another to C. Nugent. Another to C. McGouvan. 44TH FOOT. — Obverse, a bugle, within a double laurel-wreath; above, 6th April, 1812. Reverse, C. Little, 44th Rgt. of Foot. A volunteer in the leading column of attack at the assault of Badajoz. A silver medal. In the Whitaker collection. 45TH FOOT. — (i) A large silver Maltese cross (similar to the first-class cross of the 88th). In the centre 45^/1 Regt., and on each of the arms of the cross three battles : Talavera, Busaco, Nive ; Fuentes, d'Onor, Pyrenees, Nivelle ; Salamanca, Vittoria, Badajoz; Ciudad Rodrigo, Toulouse, Qrthes, AND DECORATIONS. 263 (2) Obverse, the Arms of the town of Nottingham. Reverse, To the best shot, 1803; the gift of Lt.-Col. Wm. Guard. 46TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a bugle, and the regi- mental number — 46 — within a laurel-wreath. Reverse, Presented to Color-Sergeant John Marsh by the Light Company of the q6th Rgt., previous to his discharge, as a Testimonial of their respect and esteem. Belfast, 22nd of October, 1852. (2) Obverse, After 25 years' service in the qdth. Dominica. Reverse, Presented by the Hon. Commd. Officers, and Privates of the Light Company to C. S. (Colour-Sergt.) S. Scottock as a token of their respect and esteem. (3) 4.6th. South Devonshire Regt. 1812. A re- ward for conspicuous military merit to A. Clark. Silver, oval. 48TH FOOT.— Obverse, the regimental number — 48 —with crown above ; the recipient's name engraved on a scroll ; below, Northamptonshire, 1819. Reverse inscription, the names of Peninsula battles in which the recipient was engaged ; they vary in number from one to eleven, the whole surrounded by a laurel- wreath. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter. Ribbon, red with blue edges. Instituted in 1819. 4QTH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, the regimental number — 49 — within a wreath of roses, shamrocks, and thistles; a crown above, and P. Charlotte of Wales. Reverse, April if, /5j7, within a wreath; legend, Temperance Society Established. A silver medal, i.6in. diameter. (2) Obverse, Princess Charlotte of Wales, ist Royal Berkshire Regt. In the centre, a Dragon and China between a wreath, with crown above. 264 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Reverse, A. T. A. Battalion. Branch established 6th. Feby., 1894. A small silver medal. (3) Obverse, Vittoria, Talavera, Busaco, Sala- manca, in six lines. Reverse, in the centre, Penin- sula, surrounded by To Corpl. Thomas Quin: qyth. Regiment. A silver medal, ifin. diameter, all engraved, with raised rim, and loop for suspension. The medal is hall-marked for 1826, and, as the 49th were not in the Peninsula War, this man probably served in some other regiment, and was amongst the many who were either discharged or transferred after Toulouse. The medal is evidently one of those frequently given to an old and deserving comrade on his retiring from service. Quin evidently retired in 1826, when the medal was given. It was probably presented by his comrades. (4) Obverse, 49. Lake Ontario, 1813, within a wreath ; Hertfordshire Regt. under. Reverse, Pre- sented to James Fits Gibbon, Lieut, by his brother subalterns in recognition of his daring exploit on the 2^th. June, itfhen he caused the surrender of upwards of 500 of the enemy. An oval gold medal. 50TH FOOT. — Obverse, In relief, a lion and crown, with motto on a scroll : Quo fas et gloria ducunt. Reverse, Best shot of the ^oth Regiment. A silver medal if in. diameter, with steel clip for suspension. 5iST FOOT. — Obverse, a bust of George III., in armour. Reverse, Sergeant Landry, a faithful Soldier of the Fifty-first Regiment. A silver medal. 52ND FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a bugle, and LIL, within a laurel-wreath; above, 6th April, 1812. Re- verse, a volunteer in the leading column of attack at the assault of Badajoz. The officers of the $2nd Regiment to $2nd Regiment. (i|in. diameter.) AND DECORATIONS. 265 (2) A similar medal, having on the reverse, At the assault of St. Sebastian; and on the obverse, the date — jist Aug., 1813. The letters are embossed, with the exception of the name of the battle and that of the recipient, which are engraved. Both these medals are silver; the ribbon is crimson with blue edges. 53RD FOOT. — Silver bars attached to a blue and red ribbon, 2 Jin. wide, in two equal stripes. Obverse, a silver plate, with 2nd Bait, jjrd Rgt., or Shrop- shire, surrounded by a laurel-wreath, with one or more bars inscribed with the name of a battle. Re- verse, the recipient's name. Only fifteen sergeants got this rare decoration. According to Colonel Rogerson's " Records of the Sjrd Regiment," the following were the sergeants who received the decoration : Six BARS. ?' SiMSSLA ....................... ) Talavera. Salamanca, ] Whitehead ..................... \Vittoria, Pyrenees, FIVE BARS. Geo. Bannister .................. ^Salamanca, Vittoria, W. Hartley ........................ ^Pyrenees, Nivelle, W. West ........................... ) Toulouse. THREE BARS. (Talavera, Salamanca. John Whiteley .................. (tonkin*. THREE BARS. J. Robertshaw . (Talavera, Vittoria, (. Pyrenees. Two BARS. John Wilton ..................... "i Abm. Peel ........................ r Talavera, Salamanca, Henry Coc.kroft .................. 3 266 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Two BARS. W. Brookshank Salamanca, Toulouse. ONE BAR. Thos. Cox . John Smith ^Salamanca. 55TH FOOT. — Obverse, LV. on the centre. Reverse, inscribed, First Shot, or Second Shot. A small silver Maltese cross, with loop and ring. 56x11 FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a castle and key, within a laurel-wreath. Reverse, Total Abstinence Society: $6th Rgt. A silver medal, i.4in. diameter, with laureated bar, similar to that of the New Zealand Medal. On the light blue ribbon is fastened a six-pointed silver star, with an anchor in the centre. (2) Obverse, 56, surmounted by a crown, and sur- rounded by a laurel-wreath; on the left G., and on the right R.; above, on a scroll, Pompadours; below, on an inverse scroll, R. Mulligan. 1813. Reverse, in capital letters, arranged in a circle round the outside, A reward for Military Merit. A round silver medal, with raised edge, i£ diameter, with ring for sus- pension. 57TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, within a shield, tfih Rgt., three swords and a crown ; Friendship above. Reverse, inscribed, Trinidad, May ist, 1*98. Social Club. A silver medal for officers. (2) Obverse, the regimental number, with a crown above, and below, on a scroll, Albuhera, the whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, James Walter. A tribute of regard from his comrades in arms. November, 1818. A silver medal, all engraved, if in. diameter, and suspended by a ring AND DECORATIONS. 267 from a silver bar, inscribed, Albuhera, Vittoria, Toulouse. *, (3) A reward for Military Merit, 'given to Wm. Johnston, 2nd Battn., 1812. 58TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, the arms of Gibraltar; above, Montis insignia Calpe LVIII. Regt. Reverse, Gibraltar MDCCLXXXII., surrounded by a laurel- wreath, with crown above. A gilt medal, ijin. diameter. * (2) Obverse, a castle; above, Gibraltar; below, Maida; in the exergue, on a scroll, LVIII. Regt. Foot. Reverse, Presented to William Condon by his comrades in arms, 1809. A thin silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter, with loop and raised rim. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (3) Obverse, in the centre, a castle; above, 58; below, a horseshoe and key. Above, Regiment of Foot; and below all, on a scroll, Gibraltar. Re- verse, Marksman's Prize, B Company, J^JJ. A silver engraved medal, i§in. diameter, with raised rim and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (4) Obverse, ist. Class, $8th Regt. School. First premium: Colombo: Dec: 1836. Reverse, This medal was awarded to Edwin King for ability and good conduct. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter. 6oTH FOOT. — (i) A silver eight-pointed star. Obverse, a raised Maltese cross, in the centre of which, on a raised shield, 4/60. On the second, third, and fourth arms of the cross, T. A. S. The points of the star are all ornamented with engraved leaves, &c. Reverse, plain ; recipient's name engraved. 268 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (2) Obverse, LX, surmounted by a crown, and sur- rounded by a laurel-wreath. Below Royal American Regiment. Reverse, Merit. Awarded 26th. June, 1800, by Lieut.-Col. Wm. Macleod. On edge, Edward Thorpe. A circular silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with raised rim and loop. 6isx FOOT. — (i) Obverse, in the centre, a Sphinx over Egypt, a crown above, and below, 61, sur- rounded by two laurel-branches. Reverse, For Military Merit, 1816, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A thin silver engraved medal, i.65in. diameter, with a thick rim. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (2) Obverse, Sergt. Robt. Hogg: 6ist. Foot. Re- verse, within a wreath, Maida, Talavera; Busaco ; Tarbes; Burgos; Nivelle; Nive. A small gold medal, all engraved. (3) 1814, Military Merit rewarded by the Officers of the Regiment, given to W. Hall. AND DECORATIONS. 269 (4) Obverse, a lion couchant above on an oval shield, 61, with two flags and bayonets on either side. In the exergue, S. Gloucester Regiment. 1814. Reverse, Military merit rewarded by the officers of the regiment (in capital letters) given to William Hall. A silver engraved medal, 2 Jin. by ifin., with a corded border. (5) 1814, Military Merit rewarded by the Officers of the Regiment, given to W. Hall. 62x0 FOOT. — (i) Obverse, H.M. 62nd Regiment, No. 292, within a beaded border, and above two laurel-branches. Reverse, Wm. O'Brien. For good conduct. A silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter. (2) A similar medal. See wood-cut, page 268. 64™ FOOT. — (i) The gift of Lieutenant-Colonel Geo : Crawstone to Sergeant H. Stacey : the best shot for 1803. (2) 2nd. Battn. 6^th. South Staffordshire Regt.: Wm: Crymble, 1816, for Military Virtue. 65TH FOOT. — North Riding Regt. 1800, given to John Macdonald for merit. An oval silver medal. 66TH FOOT. — Obverse, a star of sixteen points; in the centre, 66, surrounded by a band ; above, Berk- shire ; below, Regiment. A loop for suspension. Reverse, plain. Of Indian manufacture. In the Payne collection. 68TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a crown, from which is suspended a bugle; within the cords, 68; the whole encircled by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, Total Absti- nence Society, 68 D.L.I. V. years. A silver struck medal, ijin. diameter, with iron clip and ring. (2) N. Ross, a tribute of regard from fellow soldiers, 1815. An oval silver medal. 270 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (3) 68th Regiment (Light Infantry), for Merit and Faithful Service, 1817. R. Williams. Silver. 6gTH FOOT.— A shooting medal : From Lieut. Col Brisbane for merit. 1801. 70TH FOOT. — Obverse, a soldier kneeling, and firing in a hilly country. Reverse, a wreath of laurel enclosing a garter, crowned. On it, Surrey; within, LXX. A silver medal. 7iST FOOT.— (i) Obverse, fist H. L. I., for good conduct and faithful services, 10 yrs.' service. Re- verse, a figure of St. Andrew, and Nemo me impune lacessit, surrounded by Peninsula, Roleia, Vimiera, Almarez. A silver engraved medal. (2) Obverse, a bugle, and the regimental number —71. Reverse, plain. A bar for suspension is inscribed, Prize Shot, 1840. A silver star, with yellow ribbon. (3) Obverse, the regimental number — 71 — and a crown ; For courage, loyalty, and good conduct, above; below, 10 years' service. Reverse, Tria juncta in uno ; a rose, thistle, and shamrock entwined. A silver engraved medal, i.6in. diameter, with light blue ribbon. (4) A copper medal, similar to the above, but with the words, For five years' service, engraved. (5) Obverse, a scroll, and fist Highland Light infantry in the centre; Hindostan and a crown above; For courage, good conduct, and faithful service; a bugle, jo years' service, and thistles below. Reverse, St. Andrew, Nemo me impune lacessit, and Peninsula. Roleia, Vimiera, Almarez, Vittoria, Nive, Pyrenees, Orthes, Waterloo, Fuentes d'Onor. A silver engraved medal. Ribbon, crimson, with blue edges. (6) Obverse, on a wreath, For courage, loyalty, and AND DECORATIONS. 271 good conduct; in the centre, a crown; beneath, fist; 22\ years' service. Reverse, a rose, shamrock, and thistle entwined, with motto, Tria juncta in uno. A silver engraved medal. Ribbon, crimson with blue edge. In the Murray collection. (7) A similar medal to No. 6, in Lord Cheylesmore's collection, is engraved, 21 years' service. (8) Obverse, a Reward^ for Attention. Reverse, a crown; below, 77, and the motto, Tria juncta in uno. A small silver medal, all engraved. (9) A similar medal to No. 3, but struck instead of being engraved. Bronze-gilt, for 10 years' service. Most probably a later issue. (10) Obverse, a thistle, crowned, G.R LXXI. Re- verse, Merit rewarded by Lt. Colonel Denis Pack, to Sergt. John Campbell: No. 5 Company, Best Shot for 1801: in the fist. Highland Regt: (u) Obverse, the head of Queen Victoria. Reverse, a wreath, enclosing a crown, and the regimental number — 71. On edge, Presented to Robert Miller, a token of regard, from his Comrades. This medal, and also the recipient's L.S. and G.C. medal, dated 1841, were sold in London July 3ist, 1902. 72\D FOOT. — (i) Obverse, emblems, a crown, thistle, and elephant ; Hindostan. LXXII. Reverse, Given by Lt. Col. Hugh Eraser to the best shot in the ?2nd. Highlanders, for the year 1800 Won by Sergt. G. Me. Kenzie at Perth. (2) 72nd. Foot, 2nd. Battalion Reward of Merit, adjudged to Wm. Benton, 1808. 73RD FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a wreath of thistles and roses, with the regimental number — 73 — in the centre. Reverse, inscribed, Prize for the best marksman. A silver, engraved medal, ijin. diameter. 272 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (2) Obverse, G.R. crowned, above 73, below on a ribbon Second Battn., with Highlanders underneath. On either side of the crown is a thistle stalk. Reverse, A reward for military merit. Given by the Officers to John Williams, 1816, Mangalore. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with loop for suspension. (3) A gold medal. Obverse, 73 within a wreath, Merit. Reverse, Ceylon, fth. July, 1818 (Lance-Cor- poral McLaughlan). See also pp. 54-5. 74TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, inscribed, Busaco, Fuentes d'Onor, C. Roderigo, Badajoz, and the regimental number — 74 — within a wreath of laurel. Reverse, inscribed, Salamanca, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Orthez, Toulouse, and 74, within a wreath of laurel. A silver medal, with yellow ribbon. This medal was awarded in three classes : the first had eight battles and upwards ; the second, six or seven ; the third, four or five — the design in all cases being the same. It was worn with a crimson ribbon with blue edges. A large ring was attached for suspension. Instituted in 1814. The medals vary in size, the wreath and number being raised, and the names of the battles engraved on either side. (2) A bronze medal was also issued, with obverse similar to the above, but with a plain reverse. (3) Obverse, a soldier taking aim. Reverse, Pre- sented by Bt. Major Campbell, jqth Regt., to L. Corpl. Dale, as the best shot in the light company, on the jrd Nov., 1845. A silver medal, engraved. (4) Reward of Merit. Presented to D. Fraser 1809. 75TH FOOT. — (i) The gift of the Officers, 'won by James Bruce at Edinboro, July 2ist. 1815. (2) Obverse, a crown ; above, a thistle ; below, 75. Reverse, The reward of Merit. Inscribed on a shield, AND DECORATIONS. 273 The gift of Lieut. Col. Alex. Cumine, and the officers of His Majesty's 75! Highland Regt: to Sergt. A. Steivat, for his superior skill in the firings of his Com- pany 1 80 1. An oval silver medal. (3) Obverse, the regimental badge. Reverse, Military Merit rewarded, M. Murray: from his com- rades, 1815. A silver medal. 76TH FOOT. — (i) Obvefse, Prize medal for best shot in E Company ^6th Regiment; a crown and wreath below. Reverse, Presented by the officers of the fdth regiment. 1837. A silver medal, ijin. diameter. (2) Obverse, elephant, crown above ; below, India LXXVI. within two laurel-branches and G.R. on either side. Reverse, The Gift of Lieut. Col. Max- well commanding His Majesty's ?6th Regt. of Foot. To Serjt. ]. Blow, best shot in the Corps. Had also two-bar M.G.S. medal — Corunna, Nive. 77TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, the regimental number — 77 — surmounted by the Prince of Wales' plumes and motto, Ich dien; below, on a scroll, Peninsula; a branch of laurel on either side. Reverse, Elbodon, Ciudad-Roderigo, Badajoz, inscribed, with the re- cipient's name on the edge. Struck in silver and bronze, i.4in. diameter; ribbon, red with blue edges. This medal was instituted in January, 1818. It was also given to the survivors of the battle of Seringa- patam, in gold and silver; and is also found with the word Peninsula engraved on the reverse. (2) Obverse, same as the above. Reverse, a figure of Minerva placing a laurel-wreath upon the head of a young man, attired in classical costume. In the back- ground a hill, on the top of which is a Roman temple. Legend, in the exergue, Discite hinc Juvenes. Most T 274 BRITISH WAR MEDALS probably a regimental-school medal. Struck in white metal. (3) ffth- East Middlesex, Military merit rewarded: W. Jones 1809. (4) Obverse, The regimental number 77, with a crown above, over which, on a scroll, East Middlesex Regt. Below two olive branches joined by a scroll, on which is engraved the recipient's name /. Powell. In the exergue 1812. Reverse, Military merit Re- warded. An oval silver engraved medal, ajin. b; i|in., with raised rim and loop for suspension. 78™ FOOT. — (i) Obverse, an elephant; above, ?8th below, Ross-shire Buffs; at the head of the elephant, 18; at his tail, 22. Reverse, in a circle, Angus Camp- bell, 25 yrs: Good Service; in the centre, India, May da, Java. An engraved silver medal, i.4in diameter, with clip and loop for suspension. (2) Obverse, The badge of the regiment and Assay e, AND DECORATIONS. 275 Reverse, Reward of Military Virtue. Rosshire Buffs 1819: India: Java: A. Grant. 2nd. Battn. f8th. Rosshire Buffs. (3) Reverse, Reward of Merit 6* Military Virtue, 1809. J. Ross. A silver-gilt medal. 79TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a shield, inscribed 79, and surrounded by a military trophy. Reverse, a radiated star; in the centre a Sphinx; below, Egypt, Waterloo, and Peninsula. Round the outside of the medal a scroll, inscribed Egmont-op-Zee, Fuentes d'Onor, Salamanca, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Tou- louse. The medal was instituted in 1819, and was given in two classes : silver for twelve years' good conduct, and bronze for seven years'. It was dis- continued in 1838. The design of both classes was exactly the same. It is a small medal, ijin. diameter, with dark green ribbon. (2) Obverse, a Sphinx; on the pedestal, LXXIX Regt. Reverse, four skulls, surrounded by For Gal- hint Conduct. 1801. ]. McLaren. A triangular badge (ijin. long), silver, with loop for suspension. In the Murray collection. (3) Obverse, a Highland soldier in full uniform, leaning on a drawn sword. Above, the legend, Camerons. Reverse, a laurel-wreath surrounding the inscription, Best shot at 120 yards. A bronze medal. 82ND FOOT. — Obverse, in the centre, the Prince of Wales' plumes and motto, Ich Dien ; below, 82, surrounded by the legend, Prince of Wales' Volun- teers. Reverse, Military Merit. W. Aldridge, 1815; below, on a scroll, Barossa; Pyrenees; Orthes. A silver engraved medal. In the Murray collection. 83RD FOOT. — (i) A reward for military merit, pre- sented to Wm. Hall by his comrades: 1815. T 2 276 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (2) A gold medal. Award of Merit, in a wreath in relief. Reverse, Given to Samuel Holt, Quarter- master 8jrd. Foot, for Meritorious Service 1815. (3) Oval gold medal, inscribed Ciudad-Roderigo, 8jrd. Regiment of Foot within a wreath. Reverse, A reward for Distinguished Conduct, 19 January, 1812, ]. Wiley, Serjt. 8/j.TH FOOT. — Obverse, in the centre a rose, sur- mounted by a crown ; below, on a ribbon, 8 4th. Foot, surrounded by the inscription, York and Lancaster. Reverse, The reward of Merit, 1810; awarded to John Crossley. A silver engraved medal, if in. diameter, with raised rim and loop for suspension. 85TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a bugle horn. Above, in raised letters, 8$th Light Infantry; below, engraved, Fuentes d'Onor. Reverse, The reward of ; below, a space for engraving the recipient's name, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A struck medal, i^in. diameter, with T-shaped loop for suspension. (2) A silver and enamel star, Reward of Merit, S$th. King's Light Infantry. 86TH FOOT. — (i) To the best shot for 1803: from Lieutenant-Colonel Crawford and the Officers. (2) Obverse, G.R., a crown above; below, 86, sur- rounded by a wreath. Reverse, The gift of Lieut. Col. Js. Phillips Lloyd, Commanding His Majesty' 86th. Regt. of Foot: To Quartermaster James Can as a token of his high regard for him as a soldier. 2oth. May 1801. A silver medal, all engraved, with loop for suspension. SyTH FOOT.— (i) At the Battle of Barossa a sergeant (P. Masterson) of this regiment captured a French eagle of the 8th Regiment, being the first taken from AND DECORATIONS. 277 the French during the Peninsula War. The officers, in commemoration of this had gold eagles struck, which they wore on anniversaries, and social occasions. On the breast of the eagle was a silver wreath, from which is suspended a label bearing the word Barossa, and on the reverse Graham, the name of the com- manding officer, afterwards Lord Lynedoch. The non-commissioned officer^ and men adopted a some- what similar device in silver, and which is sometimes found attached to the ribbons of their Peninsula medals. On the gold eagle a small diamond forms the eye. Lord Cough's eagle had the Prince of Wales' plumes above, and an Irish harp below. (2) Obverse, in the centre, an eagle; on a grenade below, 87, surrounded by a wreath of shamrocks. Above, a crown ; on either side an Irish harp and the Prince of Wales' plumes; below, on a scroll, Faugh a ballagh. Reverse, The Reward of Merit. For Gallantry. Given by Colonel Hugh Gough to Sergt. Patrick Donnelly: i8th June, 1813. A silver medal with an ornamental border, all engraved. (3) A silver medal. Obverse, The 2nd. Bn. 8fth Prince of Wales' Own Irish Regt., eagle and harp. Reverse, within a wreath, Tarifa, John Walters, 1814, Reward for Merit and Military Virtue. (4) Reverse, The Gift of the officers of the ist. Battn. 8fth. Prince of Wales' Regt. to Ensign Peter Benson Husband, in consequence of his very gallant conduct before Buenos Ayres, 5 July 1807, whilst serving as a Volunteer. A gold, oval engraved medal, 2in. by ijin. Weight, loz. lodwt. (5) A circular engraved medal, presented for gal- lantry at Buenos Ayres, 1807. BRITISH WAR MEDALS (6) Reverse, Presented to Qr-Master Sergt. Wm. $ttidy for conspicuous bravery at Buenos Ayres, by . Colonel Sir Edward Butler, on his appointment as Qr-Master to the 2nd. Battn. of the Regiment. A gold medal. 88TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, in the centre is the regi- mental number — 88 — and on the limbs of the cross twelve Peninsular victories are inscribed. This is the first-class medal ; it is a large silver Maltese cross, ifin. square, with the recipient's name engraved. Reverse, a Sphinx and Egypt. Some medals have the reverse plain, the recipient's name alone being engraved. (2) The second-class medal. Obverse, a figure of Hibernia, holding in her right hand a wreath, and in her left a harp. Reverse, 88, within a laurel-wreath, and inscribed with from seven to eleven Peninsular victories. A silver medal, i.35in. diameter, the re- cipient's name indented on the edge. (3) The third class medal. Obverse, similar to the second-class medal. Reverse, Peninsular victories, inscribed, from one to six. A small silver medal, lin. diameter, with the recipient's name engraved on the edge. All the medals have a bar for suspension, inscribed Peninsula. Ribbon, red with blue edges. The medals were instituted in 1818, and 70 first-class, 145 second-class, and 217 third-class were issued. (4) Obverse, a crown, below which is the regimental number — 88 — with rows of bullets, encircled by a wreath. Reverse, Prize medal adjudged to John Walsh 1816 for the best Marksman. A small silver medal, with an ornamental buckle of oak-leaves. In the Murray collection. 'AND DECORATIONS. 279 (5) Obverse, a soldier firing, inside a circle ; outside, above, Connaught Rangers ; below, a spray of sham- rocks. Reverse, in the centre, a figure 8, surrounded by a garter, on which is inscribed, Quis Separabit; above, a crown; below, an Irish harp; surrounding the whole a wreath of shamrocks. A silver medal, i.4in. diameter. The figure on the reverse probably has reference to the company of the regiment. In Colonel Gaskell's collection there is one with 5 within the garter. (6) Obverse inscribed Badajos, April $th, 1812, with harp and 88th within wreath. Reverse, For Valour (]. Murphy}. A gold medal. QOTH FOOT. — (i) A gold medal to Lieut: W. C. Browne for services, Aug. 18: 1804. (2) Obverse, the Regimental device. Reverse, Presented to P. Maitland, goth. Perthshire Volun- teers, by his brethren in arms, for conspicuous military merit: 1815. 9 IST FOOT. — (i) Obverse, Wm. Wood, Light In- fantry, gist Regiment: Dublin, loth Nov., 1819. Reverse, Battles in Spain and France, gist Rgt: Vit- toria 7 June 1812, Nivelle 28-30 July 1812, Pyrenees 10 Nov. 1812, Nive 9 Dec. 1812, Bayonne 13 Dec. 1812, Orthes 27 March 1813, Aire 2 March 1813, Toulouse 10 April 1813; Waterloo 16 ]une 1815; Paris 31 st July 1815. Awarded for distinction in the fields named. A copper engraved medal. Ribbon, crimson with blue edges. In the Murray collection. Many of the battles inscribed on the medal have wrong dates attached, notably Orthes, Waterloo, &c. (2) gist. Highlanders, for Merit, awarded to Dugl. Campbell 1816. An oval medal. 28o BRITISH WAR MEDALS 92ND FOOT. — (i) Obverse, 92 in a wreath, below Pass of Maya 1813. Reverse, Presented by the officers of the Regt. to ]. A. Dame in recognition of his distinguished conduct in action. A small gold medal. (2) Obverse, 92 within a wreath. Reverse, Egypt within a wreath. On edge Alexandria 1801 and the recipient's name. A silver, struck medal, i|in. diameter. 93RD FOOT. — Obverse, 93, surmounted by the regi- mental badge, within a wreath. Reverse, Presented to G. Mackay, by his brethren in arms, a token of regard: 1817. An oval silver medal. 94TH FOOT. — (i) Obverse, a crown and elephant, above which are the words, Scotch Brigade; below, the regimental number — XCIV. — and a wreath of thistles. Reverse, Fuentes d'Onor 5 May 1812, Ciudad Roderigo 19 Jan. 1812, Badajoz 6 April 1812, Salamanca 22 July 1812, Vittoria 21 June Pyrenees 28 July 1813, Nivelle 10 Nov. Nive 13 Dec. 1813, Orthes 27 Feb. 1814, Toulouse 10 April 1814; surrounded by a laurel-wreath, a crown above. A silver medal, if in. diameter, suspended from a bar inscribed Peninsula. Ribbon, crimson with blue edges. (2) Obverse, an elephant, Ninety-fourth, Scotch Brigade. Reverse, Seringapatam : Presented to Wm. Chalmers, a token of regard from the Private Soldiers of the Scotch Brigade, to a worthy Comrade: i8ij. A silver engraved medal. 95TH FOOT (RIFLE BRIGADE).— (i) Obverse, a bugle, suspended from a crown, 95 in the centre; above, on a scroll, Rifle Corps; below, a laurel-wreath. Re- AND DECORATIONS. 281 verse, St. Sebastian, Peninsula 31 de Agosto de 1813, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A clasp is inscribed, Forlorn hope on the front, and /. H. Sergt. on the back. A silver engraved medal, if in. diameter, with dark green ribbon. In the Murray collection. (2) Obverse, a small Maltese cross, with lions rampant between the arms ; in the centre, a crown and garter, with Rifle Brigade inscribed. Reverse, a bugle in the centre, Marksman on the garter. A silver medal. Ribbon, dark green with black edges. (3) A silver-gilt cross, inscribed, Best Shot in the Battalion. (4) A silver cross, inscribed, Best Shot in each Company. (5) A bronze-gilt badge with loop for suspension. Obverse, an oval shield with a bust of Lord Nelson ; above, Admiral Lord Nelson of the Nile; below, April 2, 1801 ; on either side of the shield are trophies of flags, cannons, anchors, &c. Reverse, plain. This badge is most likely one of those given to a few soldiers of this regiment who served as marines at the battle of Copenhagen, and mentioned in Sir William Cope's History of the Rifle Brigade, but its connec- tion with the regiment cannot be proved. (6) Obverse, a bugle-horn, with a crown above, sur- rounded by a garter, on which is inscribed, Rifle Battalion. Reverse, a trophy of flags and arms, with a shield bearing an anchor, and inscribed, Victory off Copenhagen; a ship above the shield. A silver en- graved medal, ijin. diameter. (7) Obverse, a bugle-horn, with a crown above ; below, 95, surrounded by a garter, on which is in- scribed, Rifle Regiment. Reverse, Monte Video. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter. 282 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (8) Obverse, Forlorn Hope; below, Ciudad Rod- rigo Badajoz, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Re- verse, Edward Costello ist Battn t)$ih Rifles. A small, silver medal, with raised edge and letters, and loop for suspension. (9) Obverse, a bugle and crown, g$th. Rifle Regt. Reverse, Presented to James Me Donald, Captain, by his Brother Officers in recognition of his most gallant conduct at the capture of Monte Video, i8oj. An oval gold medal. (10) A small Maltese gold-cross, centre of obverse inscribed 95^. Rifle Regt. Bugle and crown. Re- verse, Vimiera. P. Brown: Sergt. (n) A silver and enamelled cross given to Sergeant Staples For valour at Monte Video 1807. (12) A gold and enamel cross, with Corunna: Bar- rosa: Vittoria: Pyrenees on the arms; 95 within a wreath in the centre. AND DECORATIONS. 283 (13) Obverse, Rifle Brigade: Serg. John Reaks: soldier firing from the knee, laurel branches below. Reverse, Marksman on the regimental badge, laurel- branches at sides. A plated copper medal. (14) A badge for Gwalior awarded to Lieut. H. R. Williams, 95th Regiment, 1859. Sold at Deben- ham's, March 29th, 1900. (15) To /. Baldwin, for services at Barossa, 1811. (16) A silver regimental transferable badge of the 95th Rffle Regiment, a bugle-horn suspended, in- scribed ist. and 2nd. Battalion, a clasp for Copen- hagen. A crown, on either side, and below, Prise 95 medal, 120 yards. On the suspender, Sergeant ]. Ault. The Hall-mark is 1801. (17) Obverse, J/R Edge: Sevastopol. Reverse, 346 Days siege 1^55 and 1856. A gold engraved cross. 96TH FOOT. — (i) A silver star, inscribed, To the Best Marksman. (2) Obverse, a six-pointed star; in the centre, 96, surrounded by a circle on which is inscribed, T. A. S. above, and Regt. below. Outside is another circle, inscribed, Veni, vidi, vici. Black enamel is fitted in between the letters. A ring for suspension. Ribbon, red. Reverse, plain. 97TH FOOT. — Obverse, a Sphinx, holding a Union Jack and French Tricolour on the same staff, sloping over the right shoulder, the English flag above the French; Egypt above; in the exergue, xxi. March M.D.C.C.C.I. Reverse, Queen's German Regiment, within a wreath of palms. A silver medal, ifin. diameter. Instituted by Colonel Sir John Stuart in 1 80 1, after the Battle of Alexandria, and in com- 284 BRITISH WAR MEDALS memoration of the capture by a man of the regiment of a French standard. 99TH FOOT.— Obverse, School of Her Majesty's ygth Regiment, Hobarton, Deer., 1853. Reverse, Third-class reward of merit and good conduct, &c., John Jas. Baskerville. A silver engraved medal, with ornamental border of laurel-wreath. Ribbon, red. In Dr. Payne's collection. IOIST FOOT. — Honourable East India Company's European Regiment. Obverse, a female figure, seated on a rock, with an open book in her lap, and presenting a medal to a soldier. A cross and an anchor at her side ; in the background a camp, the sun's rays above ; in the exergue, Be thou faithful unto death. Reverse, the regimental colours crossed over a Bible; above, a disc, on which is inscribed, H. C. European Regiment; the whole surrounded by a wreath of palm and laurel ; in the exergue, 1837. A silver medal, i.yin. diameter. On the transfer of the old troops of the Honourable East India Company to the Crown, this regiment became the " loist Royal Bengal Fusiliers," arid is now the " ist Battalion of the Royal Munster Fusiliers." In 1837, the European Infantry of the Honourable East India Company consisted of one regiment only, and was named " The European Regiment." In 1840, a second regiment having been raised, it was known as the " First European Regiment." In 1841, it was made a " Light Infantry Corps," but in 1846 its title was again changed to that of " The First European Fusiliers." I05TH FOOT. — Obverse, an Irish harp, between laurel-branches ; below, on two scrolls, Concitat ad 'Arma, Volunteers of Ireland. Reverse, inscribed, AND DECORATIONS. 285 Conferr'd by Colonel Lord Rawdon upon Sergeant Hudson for bravery in the Battle fought near Camden, on the i6th of August, 1780. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter, with loop for sus- pension. Ribbon, blue. In the Murray collection. I07TH REGIMENT. — Obverse, a Maltese cross, in the centre, 107, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. On the upper arm of the cross, Bengal; on the lower, Infantry ; the whole surrounded by a band, on which is inscribed Total Abstinence Society. Reverse, in the centre are the words, Watch and be sober ; on a band encircling the whole, Established 1871. A silver medal, i.3in. diameter. In Dr. Payne's collection. 2ND WEST INDIA REGIMENT. — Obverse, a radiated star; in the centre, the regimental number — 2 — sur- rounded by a garter bearing the title, West India Reg.; a crown above. Reverse, Merit i class; a crown above, surrounded by a wreath of oak and laurel. A bronze silvered medal, ijin. diameter, with red ribbon. ROYAL MARINES. — Obverse, in the centre, G. R., with crown above ; legend, A Testimony of Public regard. Reverse, inscribed, By Order of the King, •with joo Pound for the wound Captain Ewing received the ifth of June, 1775 (Bunker's Hill). A silver four-pointed medal, with flames issuing between the points. Ribbon, blue with white edges. ORDNANCE CORPS (i). — Obverse, a shield on which are three cannons, surmounted by an Irish harp, over which is the word Ordnance; behind the shield, a trophy of arms and flags. Reverse, the royal arms. A silver medal, i.6in. diameter, with the recipient's name engraved on the edge. 286 BRITISH WAR MEDALS. (2) A bronze medal, with the same obverse, but with a plain reverse, on which is stamped the recipient's regimental number. These medals were given by the Irish Ordnance Department, formed in 1756, and which was incorporated with the Royal Artillery on March ist, 1801. MILITIA, YEOMANRY, AND VOLUNTEER MEDALS. T the time that this country was threatened with a French invasion a large number of Volunteer regi- ments started into existence; and were mostly disbanded at the time of Napoleon's banishment to St. Helena. In addition to the Militia which was re-organised by King George III. in 1786, Lord Chatham had established, in 1761, a force of Yeomanry, which became an integral part in national defence. In 1778, Ireland being threatened with invasion by France and Spain, a levy of 40,000 Protestants was made by the gentry in the North. At a later date when invasion by Napoleon I. seemed imminent, patriotic men throughout the whole country were enrolled en masse into the ranks of the Volunteers. Corps of various arms were formed in almost every town and district, more particularly for the protection of their own immediate neighbourhood. Members were generally armed, equipped, and accoutred at their personal expense. Between 1794 and 1804 successive Acts of Parlia- ment were passed, providing for the administration and discipline of the Volunteer force, which, in 1805, amounted to 429,165 men, 70,000 of whom were 288 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Irish. Many of the Yeomanry, or Volunteer Cavalry Corps, remain to this day, though under different designations. Medals were bestowed by the officers upon certain individuals in each regiment, as rewards for merit, good conduct, good shooting, &c., and the dates of issue mostly range from 1779 to 1815. Many of the medals are engraved, and the shapes and designs vary. It is almost impossible to give a complete list of all that were issued, as of many no details can be found. They form a very interesting and valuable series, and mark an important epoch in the history of our country, and are almost the only relics now remaining of these old corps. For convenience of reference they will be arranged in alphabetical order instead of chronologi- cally. The Author is greatly indebted to Mr. R. Day, F.S.A., for the use of his valuable collection of notes respecting the Irish Volunteers. It must not be overlooked that owing to the rarity of these medals many spurious specimens have been put upon the market. They are so well manufactured that they might " deceive even the elect." The fact of medals being described here is, therefore, no guarantee that they are genuine. The same remarks apply equally to " Regimental medals " in the pre- vious section. ABERDARE LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Mr. Henry Ellis, best shot. An oval silver medal. ABERGAVENNY VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, a crown and plumes, inscribed, For the best shot in the Abergavenny Volunteers. Reverse, The Reward of Merit won by Sergt: John Thomas at a competition with ball at 200 yards, 18 August 1804. A silver medal, with chased border. AND DECORATIONS. 289 ABERYSTWYTH VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Awarded for shooting. ADARE VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Obverse, a field-gun and pile of round shot ; above the gun are two banners crossed and connected in the centre by a wreath of shamrocks. Above, Tyranny Defied, and on a scroll, The Volunteers of Ireland. In the exergue, Adare Regt. Reverse, Presented to Colonel Sir Valentine Quin as a mark of devotion by a grateful Company, 1780. A gold engraved medal 2 Jin. diameter, loz. SJdwts., enclosed by a chased border and loop. In the Day collection. AGHAVRE LOYALS (ASSOCIATED), 1782. — Fine soldierly merit rewarded and encouraged, awarded to Robert Nisbett. AIRDRIE VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, a double- headed eagle, crescent and stars. Motto, Vigilanti- bus. Reverse, Presented to Sergt. R. A. Stewart by the officers. The best shot medal : 1804, an<^ a target. An oval silver, engraved medal. ANCIENT BRITONS LIGHT DRAGOONS. — Reward of Merit, to ]. A. Sparkes, 1798. An oval silver medal. ANGLESEA (ROYAL) FUSILEERS, 1801. — An oval silver medal : Best shot. ANGLESEA VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Prize shooting medal of the Holyhead Volunteers, won by Sergeant Daniel Evans, 1801. ANTRIM MILITIA, 1798. — Obverse, Protectors of Hacketstown, May 25, 179$, in the centre. Reverse, in the centre, King and Country. Above and below, on ribbons, Suppressors of Rebellion. Silver, all engraved, ijin. diameter, with loop. u 290 BRITISH WAR MEDALS ARBROATH VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — i Company 1804: Prize medal : 'won by Angus Mackey, at the Quarterly Shooting Match. ARDS VOLUNTEERS, 1781. — Obverse, a harp, in the centre; rays of an eight-pointed star behind. Below, 17$!, and Ards Volunteers. Reverse, Thos. Mooney, The gift of Coin. P. Savage: Commdg Battalion. A silver medal, with loop, all engraved, i^-in. diameter, with rayed and dotted border. In the Day collection. ARGYLESHIRE INFANTRY, 1800. — Obverse, i Bat: 'Argyleshire Fencible Infantry: Reward of Merit 1800. Reverse, Prize for Ball-firing: Duncan Camp- bell. An oval, silver, engraved medal. ARGYLESHIRE FENCIBLE INFANTRY, 1806. — Obverse, a Scotch thistle, surmounted by a royal crown ; above, "Argyleshire; below, Fencible Infantry. Reverse, Pre- sented by Capn. W. M. Henderson, to be adjudged to the Best Shot at the annual firings, 1806. An oval, silver, engraved medal, 2.3in. by i.Sin., with ringed border; a scroll loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. ARGYLESHIRE REGIMENT, 1789. — Obverse, Given by Col. Lord John Campbell, First Prize for Shooting, Won by Mr. J. E. Gordon. Reverse, a Royal crown, G.R., thistle, and Argyleshire Regiment, 1789. An oval medal. ATHY UNITED RANGERS AND INDEPENDENT VOLUN- TEERS, 1780. — Obverse, a castle on bridge, &c. Motto, Utrius Auctus Auxilio. Above, on a riband, 'Athy United Rangers, and Independent Volunteers. Reverse, The reward of merit, James Whelan, best shot: 1780, on a shield suspended from a nail. Silver, AND DECORATIONS. 291 all engraved, with raised rim and ring; 2-^- in. by ifin. In the Day collection. AUGHNACLOY BATTALION, 1783. — An Irish cross, within a circle. The four spaces between the limbs of the cross are open, and thus leave the bands that form the cross and circle fin. wide. Obverse, engraved on the circle, a wreath of laurel, and Aughnacloy Bat- talion, and upon the perpendicular limb of the cross a harp and banner, inscribed with the word Liberty. Reverse, The gift of Colonel P. Alexander, A.D. 1*783, and the initials of the recipient, T.K. A silver decoration. In the Day collection. AUCHNACLOY VOLUNTEERS, 1782. — Obverse, in the centre, an Irish harp, crowned, surrounded by a circle, in which is engraved Auchnacloy Volunteers, above; and below, MDCCLXXXII. The whole sur- rounded by shamrock-leaves, on an engraved ground. Reverse, Merit rewarded and encouraged by Capt. Thos. Forsyth, adjudged to P. W. McDermott. A large silver medal, 2§in. diameter, all engraved, with an ornamental, chased border, and ring for sus- pension. AUCHTERMUCHTY VOLUNTEERS, i8oi. — Reverse, Reward of Merit, presented to Sergt. John Urquart by the members of the Company, a token of regard and esteem for his many services extending over a Period of 14 years, 1801-1815. AUGHRIM LIGHT HORSE, 1779. — Obverse, an Irish harp, surmounted by a crown ; below, a scroll, inscribed, Light Aughrim Horse; a ringed border surrounding the whole. Reverse, To Peter O'Brien from Col. W. Lambert, for skill at arms: September, 7779, surrounded by a ringed border. An U 2 292 BRITISH WAR MEDALS oval, silver, engraved medal, 2.^'m. by i.Sin.; a ring loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. AYRSHIRE BATTALION, RIFLE LOCAL MILITIA, 1812. — Captn. Wyllie's Company. Thos. McClelland, Best shot ^th April. AYRSHIRE CAVALRY, 1811. — Reverse, Presented to Mr. P. Whiteside by Captain John Taylor, with the sword given by his comrades, qth July, 1811. BALLINA AND ARDNAREE VOLUNTEERS, 1779. — Obverse, in the centre, issuing from a mural crown, a Volunteer, in uniform, holding in his right hand a banner, charged with a harp and the word United, and in the left hand a dagger. In the exergue, two laurel-branches, crossed. On a raised rim, Ballina and Ardnaree loyal and true Volunteers. Reverse, in the centre, T. H . Daly, 1*779, surrounded by a laurel wreath. Outside, Honor Fidelitatis Praemium ; below, Colonel H. King. 2in. diameter; silver, engraved. BALLYLEEK RANGERS, 1779. — Obverse, a wreath surrounding the inscription, To Rd. Harragon for best shot with Ball; above, Ballyleek; below, Rangers. Reverse, engraved, Sivis Pacem Para Bellum, John Montgomery, Colonel, 1779. A silver engraved medal, with loop for suspension. In the Day collection. BALLYMASCANLON RANGERS, 1779. — (i) Obverse, two swords crossed and a shamrock; legend, Loyal Louth: Defiance to foreign and other foes. Bally- mascanlon Rangers. Reverse, This token of esteem, presented to Sergt. A. Gavan for zealous services and skill in firing. On the edge, March 17, ij8o, and on the suspender, Captain R. McNeale. A silver en graved medal, 2in. diameter. In the Day collection AND DECORATIONS. 293 (2) A large oval silver engraved medal, i§in. by ijin., with ring for suspension. Obverse, a harp, crowned, between two stars ; above the crown a wreath, inscribed, Liberty; below the harp on another wreath, or death. Above all, Bally mas canlon ; below all, Rangers, 222. Reverse, above, on a wreath, We struggle for liberty; below, The Volunteers of Ire- land. In the field, nine, infantry soldiers in groups of three each, differently accoutred, viz., line, grenadiers, and infantry. Name, John Thompson, and underneath, a hill with herbage. Above, the bayonets of the men are three masonic emblems. In the Day collection. BANBRIDGE VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Reverse, The Re- ward of Merit adjudged to John Donohoe, Capt. Jas. Law's Company Volunteers of Ireland 1780. Obverse, the harp in a laurel-wreath, resting upon two crossed trumpets ; below, on a wreath, Banbridge Volunteers on a background of rays; 2 Jin. diameter; silver, all engraved ; raised rim and loop. In the Day collection. BANDON BOYNE INFANTRY, 1778. — Obverse, the harp, crowned, within a garter, inscribed, Bandon Boyne Infantry. Reverse, Given by Ensign Loane to Edward Kelly, Esq., for a shooting tryal with ball. July 17 177$. A silver engraved medal (2in. diameter), with a raised protecting rim. In the Day collection. BANGOR VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — The best shot at ball firing at 100 yards. Wm. Jones made 5 hits out of 10 shots at the June Firings. An oval silver engraved medal. BANK OF ENGLAND VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — (i) Obverse, on a damask field, Britannia seated, holding a laurel-wreath in her right hand, a cornu- copia at her side, and a beehive on the right ; 294 BRITISH WAR MEDALS legend, Bank of England Volunteers ; in the exergue, Embodied MDCCXCVIII. Reverse, Best Marksman, 1800, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A gold, and a silver-gilt, engraved medal, i-fg-in. diameter, with crimson ribbon. In the Whitaker collection. 1805. — (2) Obverse, the same. Reverse, see engraving. BANTRY GARRISON, 1797. — (i) Obverse, ships of war in a gale; legend, Afflavit Deus et Dissipantur; in the exergue, January MDCCXCVII. Reverse, a crown ; legend, Friendly Association, Bantry Garrison resented b Captain to MR JOSEPH WBIOHT toest Shot of Cr ren a die r Co injb a. ny (Brinsley Pure joy, Ensigne, Galivay Regiment). i^-in. diameter. In the Murray collection. (2) Obverse, the same as the reverse of the fore- going medal. Reverse, engraved, A Token of Regard to the best Marksman: 1797. On the edge, B. Com- pany. A silver medal, i^-in. diameter. (3) Obverse, same as the foregoing medal. Reverse engraved, A Volunteer defender of his country 1797 John Dillon. A silver medal, i-^in. diameter. the Whitaker collection. AND DECORATIONS. 295 BARHAM DOWNS YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1811. — Cornet Edward Stater, best man at arms: June, 1811. A circular silver engraved medal. BARNSTAPLE LIGHT HORSE, 1805.— Obverse, in the centre, a crown and crossed swords ; above, Barn- staple Light Horse. Reverse, Awarded to Corporal H. Dunsford for his proficiency at sword exercise: May 2$th, 1805. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter. In the Murray collection. BARONY OF FORTH VOLUNTEERS, 1779. — Given to Fergus O' Byrne, Major Hughes, commanding Corps. BARRACK LIGHT COMPANY, 1803. — Obverse, an angel on clouds, holding in the right hand a shield with bust of King George III., and in the left a shield transfixed with arrows; on a scroll above, God save the King. Reverse, inscribed, This medal has been presented by the members of the Barrack Light Com- pany to Sergeant John Alcock, of said Company, as a token of their high opinion of his spirited conduct in heading the party who took the Rebels' depot on the 2$rd July, 1803. The me^al is silver, oval, 2fin. 296 BRITISH WAR MEDALS long by 2in. wide, and has a red ribbon. It was given for services during the Robert Emmett riots in Dublin, in 1803. BATH ASSOCIATION, 1798. — Obverse, a trophy of arms and colours; above, Pro Rege et Patria; below, i79#: Bath Association. Reverse, the arms of the city, with' the inscription, The Reward of Merit. A silver struck medal, iTVn. diameter. In the Murray collection. BATH VOLUNTEER ASSOCIATION, 1780. — The reward of soldierly merit Saml. Wilson. BEAUMARIS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 1804. — Obverse, an armorial design. Reverse, Best Shot of the Com- pany 1804: Wm. Vaughan. BELFAST RIFLE CLUB, 1843. — A large silver medal, with raised ornamental border. Obverse, engraved, Belfast Rifle Club Prize Medal 1843. Reverse, engraved, Awarded to John Quin 6th June 1843. BELFAST VOLUNTEERS, 1781. — Obverse, a harp above two crossed flags charged each with a harp; below, on two scrolls, Belfast Volunteers. Reverse, ij8i. Given by Lieut. -Colonel Stewart Banks, ad- judged to R. Gilroy : merit badge. A silver medal, all engraved, if in. by 2 Jin., with ornamental raised rim, and loop for suspension. BENWELL AND WEYMOUTH VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, in a laurel-wreath, G.R. crowned. Target prize, 2 Company. Reverse, The award of merit and skill in firing, from Capt. Weymouth Won by Pte E. Baker. A silver struck, and engraved, medal. BERKSHIRE (FIRST) CAVALRY, 1810. — Obverse, a stag facing left, under a tree; below, on a scroll, First Berkshire Cavalry. Reverse, A reward for military virtue ; from Colonel Stead, 1810, sur- AND DECORATIONS. 297 mounted by a crown and surrounded by a laurel- wreath. A large, silver, engraved medal, 2 Jin. diameter, with raised rim and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. BERMONDSEY VOLUNTEERS. — (i) Obverse, in the centre, G. R., with a crown between the letters; the motto, Pro aris et focis, is also divided by a crown, two words above and two below; round the whole, Bermondsey Volunteers. Reverse, Awarded for Zeal and Skill, to Corporal Burrows. A silver medal, engraved, 2.2in. diameter. A thick twisted cord border, and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (2) 1785. — Obverse, a lion couchant, with a cannon-ball in his front paws, behind him a circular target enamelled white, with a black bull's-eye; above, on a scroll, South London Rifle-Club. The whole surrounded by a laurel- wreath : a raised rim, with a ball at each point of the cross. Reverse, G. III. R. Bermondsey I.L.L.V.R.C. first formed 1785. Won by Sergt. Boyd Sept. igth. 7799 at 120 yards. A silver-gilt Maltese cross, ijin. square, with ring. The obverse in relief, the reverse engraved. (3) Obverse, a figure of a Volunteer : Reward of Merit. Pro aris et focis. Reverse, Gift from the Officers of the Bermondsey Volunteers. An oak and acorn wreath, with device in centre. BERMONDSEY INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 1799.— (i) Obverse, on a scroll, For the defence of our King and country; below, G. R. crowned, above two crossed flags, a drum and arms below; outside all, Loyal Bermondsey Independent Volunteers. Reverse, 298 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Given by the commissioned officers of the Loyal Bermondsey Volunteers to Sergeant Boyd, one of their members, for the best shot upon the first essay of the Corps, with ball cartridge 1799 on Thursday September iqth. A silver-gilt, engraved medal, ijin. diameter, with raised rim and loop for suspension. (2) Obverse, Royal Coat of Arms, and Prize medal, 1801, Best Shot. Reverse, Loyal Bermondsey Volun- teers, independent; trophies of Flags, Drums, and Weapons, G. R. and Royal Crown, For the Defence of our King and Country. BETHNAL GREEN VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Obverse, Britannia trampling upon a dragon, an olive-branch in her left hand; legend, England's perseverance dethroned Buonaparte. Reverse, a laurel- and oak- wreath entwined, inside which is the legend, Enrolled ijth August, 1803, and disbanded at the General Peace of Europe 2^.th June 1814; outside the wreath, Bethnal Green Volunteer Infantry, Lt.-Col. Carrick. A silver medal, by P. Wyon, struck, 2in. diameter. BIDEFORD VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — Obverse, a man in armour; legend, Armed for Defence, not De- fiance. Reverse, Meritorious shooting rewarded, M.D.C.C.C. Mr. Byers. A silver medal. BILLINGSGATE VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — A figure of a Rifleman, with a dolphin on either side, and Billings- gate Association, 1798. Reverse, Presented to Captain John Roebuck, for merit, Fishmongers' Hall, 1798. An oval, silver, engraved medal. BIRMINGHAM LIGHT HORSE, 1798. — Obverse, a figure of Peace seated by a pedestal, inscribed, L.B.L.H.V.B.L.A., a fasces and cornucopia crossed, with her left hand presenting an olive-branch to a boy; above, Ducit amor Patrice; in the exergue, AND DECORATIONS. 299 Instituted June w, 1797. Reverse, a pedestal, with crown above, inscribed, Struck to commemorate the presentation of colours to the Birmingham Loyal Associations, June qth, 1798; a Union Jack and pennon behind. A bronze medal, i.6in. diameter; also met with in white metal. BIRMINGHAM VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Obverse, a figure of Victory presenting a .medal to a Roman soldier, a pedestal between, and the town of Birmingham in the distance ; on her left a wheel, bust, &c. ; above, For true patriotism; in the exergue, Peace, MDCCCII. Reverse, Presented to th Company, Birming- ham Loyal Association, by the town of Birmingham, May xxviii., MDCCCII. A silver medal, i.9in. diameter. BIRR VOLUNTEERS, 1776. — Obverse, a mounted Cavalry Volunteer, with uplifted sabre, surrounded by a garter, inscribed, Dulce pro patria periculum. Outside the garter the inscription, between two harps, Sir William Parsons, Birr Volunteers 1776. Re- verse, Given by Sir William Parsons, to Mr. Wm. John Mahoney for services in the Birr Volunteers: 7776. A gold engraved medal, ifin. by ifin., with ornamental border. In the Day collection. BISHOPSGATE VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — Obverse, a Volunteer between laurel-wreath ; Bishopsgate Volun- teers, 1*98. Reverse, Presented by Major-Comman- dant Colonel Richard Carr Glynn, M.P., to Mr. Thomas Mitchell, for merit. ijin. by 2jin., silver, engraved. BLACKBURN VOLUNTEERS, HIGHER DIVISION, 1810. —Best shot medal, won by John Longfield. BLAIRGOWRIE VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Obverse, St. Andrew, G. R. and crown, and a thistle wreath. Re- 300 BRITISH WAR MEDALS verse, Presented to Pte. A. Me Bride. Best shot of the Company 1803. BLACKWATER RANGERS, 1784. — Obverse, two branches of laurel upon a raised flat circular vine, and between two loops for suspension, Merit. In the centre, a harp crowned; above, Blackwater; below, Rangers. Reverse, Peter May, best shot at a target, from Colonel Richard Aldworth. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter. In the Day collec- tion. BLOFIELD AND WALSH AM CAVALRY, 1803. — Mr. ]. B. Burr owes, a token of regard and esteem, subscribed for by the members of the troop : ist. September 1803. BOSTON VOLUNTEERS, 1807. — Reverse, Presented to Mr. Jos. Moss. The best shot of the Corps: 1807. BREADALBANE HIGHLANDERS, 1798. — Obverse, a soldier in Highland costume; above, on a scroll, Pro Rege et P atria dulce periculum. Reverse, Presented to the Volunteers of the 2nd Battn. by their Colonel, the Earl of Breadalbane, in testimony of their gallant conduct in having volunteered their services to Ireland to suppress rebellion, and to aid in repelling a French force which had invaded the Kingdom, 179$. A silver oval medal, ifin. by ifin. BRECON (ROYAL) MILITIA, 1872. — Obverse, Awarded to L. Corp. W. Pearce, Best Shot in the Royal Brecon Militia, May 1872. Reverse, Presented by Col. Bridgwater. A silver engraved medal, ijin. dia- meter. BRENTFORD ARMED ASSOCIATION, 1798. — Reverse, The gift of Thos. Harrington, Esq., Captain Com- mandant, to Saml. Parkes, July 2ist 179$: a reward of merit, at Ball firing. Obverse, a soldier, with AND DECORATIONS. 301 Union Jack behind, battlements above; Brentford Armed Association; below, God Save the King. A large oval, silver, engraved medal, 2§in. by 2§in., with raised rim and loop. BRENTFORD VOLUNTEERS. — (i) 1798. — Obverse, a soldier in uniform, surrounded by a laurel-wreath ; outside, Brentford Volunteers; below, 1798. Reverse, Presented by Lieut. -Colqnel Drinkwater to T. Harri- son, for merit. An oval, silver, engraved medal, igin. by 2 Jin., with raised rim, and loop for suspen- sion. (2) 1804. — Obverse, a soldier firing; in the centre, Aim Steady. Above, Marksman's Prize; below, Brentford Volunteers, on either side of a grenade. Reverse, Presented by Thomas Harrington, Esq: Captain, to Corpl. F. Simmons. Isleworth: July 1804.. A silver engraved medal, 2jin. diameter, with raised rim. A ring and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. BRIGG AND CAISTOR VOLUNTEERS, 1812. — Chas. Parry, Best Shot of the Company : 1812. BRIGHOUSE VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Reverse, Pre- sented to Mr. Wm. Walker by the members of the Company, a token of regard. August 1804. BRISTOL VOLUNTEERS, 1814. — (i) Obverse, arms, crest, and motto of the City of Bristol ; above, Royal Bristol Volunteers; below, in danger ready. Reverse, Embodied for the maintenance of public order and protection of their fellow-citizens, on the threat of invasion by France, MDCCXCVII ; revived at the renewal of hostilities, MDCCCIII; disbanded when the deliverance of Europe was accomplished by the perseverance and magnanimity of Great Britain and her allies, MDCCCXIV. G.R. 302 BRITISH WAR MEDALS above; pro patria below. A silver medal, i.45in. diameter, with loop for suspension. (2) Obverse, the arms of the City of Bristol ; two crossed rifles above; below, on a scroll, In danger ready. Reverse, City of Bristol Rifle Volunteers, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Silver, struck, ijin. diameter. BROADSTAIRS INDEPENDENT GUNNERS, 1802. — Ob- verse, a shield charged with three lions, and three bows of ships. Reverse, Awarded to Mr. Samuel Lambe for his skill at arms: $th May 1802. An oval, silver medal, 2jin by ifin. In the Murray collection. BROAD STREET WARD VOLUNTEERS, 1799. — Ob- verse, a volunteer in uniform presenting arms; above, on a ribbon, Pro aris et focis; below, on a scroll, B.S.W.A., on either side a branch of laurel. Reverse, From Major Thomas Drury to the Volunteer adjudged the most skilful with the firelock : I2th June 1799, surrounded by a wreath of laurel. A large, oval, silver, engraved medal, 3in. by 2§in. BROMLEY VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Obverse, a female figure holding a sword in her right hand, and a pair of scales in her left ; surrounded by the legend, Bromley Volunteer Infantry Corps; below, 1801. Reverse, To Mr. John Evans from Nathaniel Stonard, Major Commandant, a reward for his very excellent conduct during the period of his membership of the Corps. Silver, all engraved, 2jin. diameter, with raised rim, and loop for suspension. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1821. — (i) Obverse, head of George IV., crowned with laurel; inscription, Georgius IIII. D.G. Britan- AND DECORATIONS. __\___ niarum Rex F.D. Reverse, Fame crowning' the King; on the left, three goddesses at an altar; legend, Proprio Jam Jure Animo Paterno ; in the exergue, Inauguratus Die Julii xix. Anno MDCCCXXI. A silver medal, i.4in. diameter. This medal was given to the royal escort on the Coronation Day, with name and regiment engraved on the edge; it is generally known as " George IV.'s Coronation Medal," and was not struck specially for military purposes, but as a commemorative medal. (2) Obverse, the royal arms, within a circle ; below, Presented by King George IV. Reverse, the royal arms, encircled by Maj. John Baughan of the 2nd Hussar Cavalry under the Duke of Bucking- ham. A silver medal, all engraved. In the Whitaker collection. BUCKLAND MONACKORUM VOLUNTEERS, l8O2. — Obverse, a volunteer standing at "the shoulder"; above, Buckland Monackorum; below, Volunteers; on either side two crossed sabres. Reverse, Presented by Captain H. Woolcombe to his Company as a prize for skill at arms: August 1802. A silver engraved medal, 2jin. diameter, with a raised rim and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. BURLINGTON VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — Obverse, Reward of Merit. Presented to D. Taylor Esq: Captain. BuRROS-iN-OssoRY RANGERS, 1 779. — Obverse, a harp, crowned, within a garter, with the legend in- scribed, Quinquajinta milia juncti perati pro patria mori, the whole surrounded by a raised border of shamrocks. Reverse, A reward of merit to Ensign Walter Stephens; Burros in Ossory Rangers; Captain Commandant James Stephens, formed 304 BRITISH WAR MEDALS August 17*19, tne whole encircled by a raised border j of shamrocks. A gold medal; all engraved, if in. 3 diameter. In the Day collection. BURY (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Obverse, in the centre, L. B. V., surrounded by a laurel-wreath j and surmounted by a crown; above, Pro Rege et Patria; below, Prize Medal. Reverse, The Reward \ of Merit is adjudged to Mr. James Pickering, he being the best Markesman of the First Company, ifth August 1801. An oval, silver engraved medal, 2.iin. by i.6in., with ring for suspension. BURY VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — A silver engraved Maltese cross, if in. square, with an ornamental loop for suspension. Obverse, in the centre a crown, sur- rounded by Bury Volunteers; on each of the arms one of the following words : Prize, Medal, Best, Shot, surrounded by a floral border. Reverse, Sir Robert Peel, Bart., Lieut. Col. Commandant; below, John Scholes, 1803. 1° Colonel Gaskell's collection. BURY (ROYAL) CORPS. — Obverse, Bust of George III. ; on the upper part of the rim of the medal, Royal Bury Corps. Reverse, Prize for the best shot at 100 yards with ball; beneath, on a scroll, a target marked with winning spots ; below, Won by J. Thorp. An oval silver medal, set in a broad rim. BUTE AND ARGYLE VOLUNTEERS, 1813. — Obverse, Reward of Merit: Bute and Argyle Volunteers. Reverse, Presented to Mr. Dougal Campbell for skill at Ball Practice: Aug : 1813. An oval, silver, engraved medal, with ornamental border. BUTE VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1812. — Obverse, Re- ward of Merit. A mounted volunteer, enclosed in ai AND DECORATIONS. 305 ornamental border of arms, foliage, &c. Reverse, Within a wreath, Presented to ]. McAllister by the officers of the troop : a reward for his skill with the carbine and sword, before the Inspecting Officer: 1812. A large oval, silver, engraved medal. CAHIR UNION, 1781. — To D. McManus, merit rewarded by his Brethren in Arms. CAITHNESS FENCIBLE * HIGHLANDERS, 1799. — Ad- judged to K. Mackenzie, the reward of Military Merit, and skill at arms: 7799. CAITHNESS LEGION, 1799. — Obverse, Caithness Legion No. i. Company 1799, a crown above, all surrounded by a wreath of thistles. Reverse, This medal is adjudged to the best shot at 100 yards, with ball, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A large, oval, silver engraved medal, 21^in. by i-ffin. In the Murray collection. CALEDON VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Awarded to Thos. Maguire. CALLAN (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1789. — Reverse, a wasp, surrounded by two branches joined below by a spray of trefoils; in the exergue, A sting for invaders. Obverse, The Reward of Merit, adjudged to Mr. Sam. Dobbin for being the best Marksman in the Callan Volunteers at a tryal, the 2ist day of March i?8g. A copper-gilt engraved medal, 2in. diameter. In the Day collection. CAMBERWELL (NORTH) VOLUNTEERS, 1808. — Obverse, a tree, against the trunk of which an oval shield is leaning, bearing the crown over G.R. — N.C. above; Vols. below. A target, with nine shots upon it, hangs from one of the branches. In the exergue, x 306 BRITISH WAR MEDALS The target hit nine times in ten shots. Reverse, To Mr. Peter Curtis for his excellent shooting at 100 yards: i2th Aug : 1808; encircled by a garter in- scribed, Presented by the Lieut: Colonel and Officers of the Regt. An oval, silver engraved medal, 2. 2in. by i. gin., composed of two thin convex plates fixed in a thick rim, with loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. CAMBERWELL VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, a bust of King George III. in armour and cloak to the left in high relief, surrounded by the legend, Georgius HI D.G. Britanniarum Rex. Fid. Def. etc. Reverse engraved, in the centre two crossed muskets, two crossed flags, a drum, and cannon balls ; above, a crown and LCV, Oct. 22 1804, surrounded by a laurel-wreath ; outside all is the description, United for our King and Country. Around the rim, Pre- sented by Mrs. Henry Smith to Mr. , the best shot in the Target of the 2nd Company. A large, silver-gilt medal, i.gin. diameter. The obverse is precisely similar to the medal struck to commemorate the Union with Ireland in 1801, and is no doubt made from one of them. (2) In the Murray collection there is a similar medal, but with Camberwell Volunteers engraved on a scroll on the reverse instead of LCV. i§in. dia- meter. jgoS. — (3) Obverse, a trophy of arms, flags, motto, &c. Reverse, Given by Col. H. Smith for first prize, ball practice, at Grove Park, August 1808, won by John Dolbe. A gold medal. CAMBRIAN RANGERS, 1800. — Ball firing, 1800. Pre- sented by Lt. Col: J. Mellor, to Duncan Forbes. AND DECORATIONS. 307 CAMBRIDGE LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1799. — An oval silver medal. Reward of Merit, and skill at arms. CAMPBELTOWN VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Obverse, Arms of the town. Reverse, A reward of merit, given to Corporal J. Ross, the best shot. CARDIFF TROOP LIGHT HORSE. — George III., Best swordsman, Corporal Morris, 1805. Oval silver medal. CARDIFF VOLUNTEER ARTILLERY, 1804. — Medal for merit; awarded to Thos: Jones by the Officers of the Battery, 1804. CARDIGANSHIRE LOCAL MILITIA, 1812.— Royal Clar- ence Regiment: The best shot John Williams: September fth, 1812. An oval engraved silver medal. CARDIGAN REGIMENT, 1802. — Shot for, and won by Volunteer F. L. Cole, firing at 100 yards, with ball. An oval silver medal. CARDIGAN VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, in the centre a castle, two towers, and a ship ; below, a crown and G.R. Anchora Spei Ceret Inae Est Ente Domine ; the whole surrounded by Cardigan Volunteers, 2nd. Company, Reward of merit. Reverse, John Vaughan, Best Shot, September 1804. A silver medal, 2in. diameter, raised rim and ring. CARLISLE LOCAL REGIMENT, 1812. — Obverse, a Volunteer, and a target G. R. Reverse, Jas. Hall having been declared the Best Shot of the Regiment with ball was awarded the prise-medal 1812. CARLISLE VOLUNTEERS, 1808. — Given by the members to Simon Park, their best shot: 1808. A silver-gilt engraved medal. CARLOW LEGION, 1780. — Obverse, an Irish harp, crowned, within a wreath; motto, Non Nobis Solum. X 2 308 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Carlow Legion 1780. Reverse, Presented to Sergt. Keegan by the members of the Legion as a token of regard for his many virtues and for the great sacrifice he has made on their behalf. CARMARTHEN MILITIA, 1798. — Obverse, the royal arms, King and Constitution. Reverse, a harp, with plumes above ; inscription, Royal Carmarthen Militia, 1*798. A silver medal, ijin. diameter; also met with in pewter. CARMARTHEN (ROYAL) FUSILIERS, 1810. — Obverse, a trophy of flags, arms, &c., and Best Shot. Reverse, The gift of the Officers to John Boiven: 1800. An oval silver medal, engraved. CARMARTHEN TROOP OF LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1810.— Prize for Good Horsemanship : adjudged to Mr. E. P. Lloyd, by the vote of the troop. An oval silver medal. CARMARTHEN YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1827.- Obverse, The Prince of Wales' plumes on a flag; below, Ich dien; inscription, Dros ein Brenhin a'n gwlad. Reverse, Carmarthenshire Yeomanry Cavalry; raised 1794; disbanded 182?; surrounded by an oak- wreath. A silver medal, i.6in. diameter, with ring for suspension. CARNARVON VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 1800. — The gift of the Company Officers adjudged by the vote of the members of " A " Company to Sergt. John William- son for his good shooting. CARTON UNION VOLUNTEERS, 1779. — Given by the Officers of the Carton Union Volunteers Regt: to the best shot in the Regiment. 1779. An oval silver medal. AND DECORATIONS. 309 CASTLE-DURROW LIGHT HORSE, 1779.— Obverse, an Irish harp .between two laurel-branches, connected below by a wreath ; above, Castle Durrow Light Horse. Reverse, For Merit, Captn. R. Laurenson Commanding 17/9. A silver engraved medal, i|in. diameter. In the Day collection. CASTLE LYONS VOLUNTEERS, 1783. — Obverse, Castle Lyons 1783 Volunteers. Reverse, For skill at arms. A silver engraved medal, with milled edge. In the Day collection. CASTLE MOUNT GARRETT VOLUNTEERS, 1779. — Ob- verse, a castle, with embattled wall; behind it a sun rising from the clouds, with its rays illuming and forming a background to the word Liberty. In the exergue, a skull and crossbones, and or upon a ribbon below. Upon a banner that floats from the tower, Mount-Garrett. Reverse, Given to Denis Mahony by Colonel D. G. Browne for skill at arms, 1779. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with raised rim and loop for suspension. In the Day collection. CHARLEVILLE INFANTRY, 1779. — Obverse, the harp, crowned; legend, Charleville Infantry. Reverse, Given by Colonel Coote. A prize for the best shot with ball. June 1779. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter. In the Day collection. CHATHAM VOLUNTEERS, 1807. — Obverse, the mono- gram C.V., with a crown above, and surrounded by a laurel-wreath, outside which is the word Loyalty and two scrolls. Reverse, Merit. Thos Saunders 1807 Best shot; above, a floral festoon, and below, two sprays of laurel. An oval silver engraved medal, 21\in. by 2in., with a beaded border and loop for sus- pension. 310 BRITISH WAR MEDALS CHATHAM AND GILLINGHAM ARTILLERY VOLUNTEERS, 1813. — A large oval silver medal, to the Best Shot of the Regiment, September 1813. CHATS WORTH VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 1811. — Ball firing prize-medal. CHELSEA ARMED ASSOCIATION, PARISH OF ST. LUKE, 1799. — A Reward of Merit, and Superior Skill at the annual target practice at Batter sea, on June i2th. 1799, adjudged by Major M. Yatman, to Mr. ]. Denyer. CHERTSEY VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Obverse, a volun- teer standing " at the shoulder"; legend, Chertsey Volunteers ; in exergue, Reward of Merit 1803. ^e" verse, the words, The best shot wears this medal, interspersed with scroll-work, and surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A thin oval silver engraved medal, 2«3in. by i.8in., a thick rim, and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. CHESHIRE (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1797. — Obverse, a shield, inscribed, Pro Patria Mori, surmounted by a crown, and supported by two soldiers in the uniform of the corps, holding rifles. Below, on a scroll, Loyal Cheshire Volunrs. Reverse, Adjudged to Mr. Daniel Bennet: The best shot of the Corps: 1797. An oval silver medal, all engraved, with an ornamental rim and loop for suspension, 2|in. by if in.; worn sus- pended from the minor axis. CHESTERFIELD VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — To Mr. Edward Thrupp, Best Shot in the corp, for 1801. A large oval silver engraved medal. CHRISTCHURCH ASSOCIATION, 1800. — (i) Obverse, a lion rampant, supporting an oval shield, on which are the letters C.C.A., surmounted by a crown. Behind the lion is a Union Jack; above, Union; below, Pro- AND DECORATIONS. 311 lection; the whole surrounded by a wreath of laurel. Reverse, Presented by Capt W . Toulmin to the Christ Church Association to be shot for at Target Practice July 1800. A thin silver medal, all engraved, with raised rim, 213crin. diameter, and loop for suspension. (2) Obverse, a volunteer in the uniform of the period, with G. R. on either side, and engraved around Christchurch Association Volunteers, 1801. Reverse, The gift of Captain William Toulmin to Mr. Robert Sharpe for Soldierly Conduct in the Corps. CHRISTCHURCH INFANTRY, 1800.— Obverse, Christ- church Surrey; above, Union; below, Protection. Reverse, Dulwich fired at target: July ^oth 1800: ist Prize, Mr. Gotleib. An octagonal silver-gilt plate ifin. by 2in. long, with two rings for suspen- sion. In the Day collection. CINQUE PORTS VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — (i) Obverse, Best shot of the Folkestone Cinque Ports Volunteers. October 1800. An oval silver engraved medal. 1803. — (2) Obverse, 2nd Bn. G.R. 1803, Merit Badge won by P. Frost, presented by Colonel Lord Carrington. An oval silver engraved medal. CLARE VOLUNTEERS, 1812. — Awarded to Robert Donkin for his skill as a Marksman at the shooting matches held at York, May 1812. An oval engraved silver medal. COUNTY CLARE HORSE, 1779. — Obverse, rising sun and harp. Sub sole Viresco. Reverse, 2nd. Troop, Patrick Keefe, Best Shot with carbine, the gift of Colonel Edward Fitzgerald. An oval silver medal. CLARENCE (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1812. — Obverse, the arms of the Duke of Clarence. Reverse, H.R.H. 3i2 BRITISH WAR MEDALS the Duke of Clarence's transferable medal, for skill at Ball Practice. Capt. R. Dicken's Company. 1802. CLERKENWELL VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1799.— Obverse, on a central plate, surrounded by an ornamental border, a mounted dragoon at sword exercise; below, C.W.L.C. Reverse, engraved, within a similar border, Loyal Clerkenwell Volunteer Cavalry 1799, surrounded by the inscription, From Capt. Sellon, to Sergt. W. Moore. A silver engraved medal. In the Whitaker collection. COLCHESTER LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Obverse, a volunteer, surrounded by an ornamental ring; above which are the words, Loyal Colchester; and below, Volunteers, an oak-spray on either side. Reverse, Given by Capt Saml. Bawtree first prize target practice 1805. An oval, silver engraved medal, 3in. by 2 Jin. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. COLEORTON VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — Reverse, The Officer's prize for ball-firing at 100 yards target, won by Captn. W. W. Bailey: June 1806. A gold en- graved medal, with chased border, pear-shaped. COOLOCK AND UPPER CROSS INDEPENDENT VOLUN- TEERS, 1780. — Obverse, upon a cross of four equal limbs, resting upon a star of eight rayed points, the word and. The four angles have in each a crown, harp, sword, and skull respectively, and encircling them the abbreviated title of the regiment; making the cross in the centre to symbolise the written word, Upper + and Coolock Ind. Vols. Reverse, John Scanlon: merit rewarded 1780. Silver, engraved, ifin. diameter, with ring and raised rim. In the Day collection. CLACKMANNAN VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, a trophy of arms, flags, &c. Reverse, The gift of the AND DECORATIONS. 3*3 Officers of the Corps, to Jas. McDonald in recogni- tion of his soldierly merit and skill as a marksman 1804.. CLAPTON (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — Obverse, an oval shield, inscribed, Loyal Clapton Volrs., sur- mounted by a crown, and supported by two lions. In the exergue, Reward of Merit. Reverse, Easter shooting-match: 100 yards prize: won by Capt. ]. Howard. A circular silver medal, 2jin. diameter, all engraved, with raised border, and ring for sus- pension. CLOGAN AND CARRY CASTLE VOLUNTEERS, 1789.— Reverse, Merit awarded by Colonel T. Coghlan To Thomas North: ifth. March ij8q. Obverse, a trophy of arms, and cannon ; above, on a scroll, Pro bellorel pace; below, on another, Clogan and Carry Castle Vols. Above, a harp, and surrounding the whole, shamrock branches. 2§in. diameter; silver, engraved, with rope border and ring. In the Day collection. CLONMEL INDEPENDENTS. — A silver, circular, en- graved medal, hall-marked date letter 1782, with loop. The centre sunk within a raised border and flat flanged rim, 2jin. in diameter. Obverse, in the field a volunteer, in uniform, holding a grenade in the right and a musket in the left hand; below, Para Bellum (Be prepared for war) ; on the flange, Clonmel Independent. Colonel R. Moore. Reverse, Awarded to M. Kelly, the Best Shot for two years. 13 July, CORK (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1776 (CORK, BOYNE, four companies, under Colonel John Bagwell). — (r) Obverse, bust of King William III.; legend, Guliel- mus Tertius, MDCXC. Reverse, a laurel-wreath; outside it, in large letters, Cork Boyne ; within the BRITISH WAR MEDALS wreath, Manet post Funera virtus. An oval, silver medal, 2|in. by ijin. In the Day collection. (2) 1811. — Obverse, two muskets in saltire; a hilly country, and target between, surrounded by a laurel- and-oak wreath; engraved upon a garter, Presented by Sergeant Austen. Reverse, This prize medal was obtained by Mr. T. Collins, of the 6th Company R.C.V., Oct. 14, 1811. A silver medal, 2in. dia- meter. In the Day collection. (3) 1782. — Obverse, on a garter, King and Con- stitution; below, a royal crown, and underneath the date, 1690. Reverse, R.C.V., a harp, and the date, 1782, on a fillet, Oliver Boyd, Best shot, 1797. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter. (4) (CORK TRUE BLUES). — Obverse, a Roman warrior attacking three men armed with clubs, whom he has overthrown, surrounded by the legend, Quid contra sonantem Palladis aegida possunt ruentes. AND DECORATIONS. Reverse, an inspection of the regiment; above, Pro Caesare pro aris et focis ; in the exergue, Nov. IV. MDCCXLV. A struck medal, ijin. diameter. (5) 1783. — Obverse, the harp; on one side, 17; and on the other, #3; above, Culloden ; below, Cork. Reverse, a wreath of bay and laurel, surrounding A Reward for merit and skill. Loyal, though indepen- dent. A silver engraved /nedal, if in. diameter. In the Day collection. BEST SHOT ITHJALL (6) 1798. — Obverse, an Irish harp; on either side, G. R.; above, on a scroll, For Our King; below, on a similar scroll, And Country; above the harp, a crown; below, 1/96. Reverse, Loyal Cork Volun- teers, Mr. John Stacey Best Shot with Ball. March qth, 1798. A silver medal, ifin. diameter, with an ornamental rim, and ring for suspension. All engraved. In the Day collection. CORK (BOYNE) VOLUNTEERS, 1777. — (i) Obverse, Hora et Semper, and a volunteer. Reverse, yrd. 316 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Company Cork Boyne Volunteers, Best Shot at wo yards Thomas Miles, 1777. An oval silver medal. 1780. — (2) Obverse, an equestrian figure of King William III., with the date 1690 in the exergue, and with a trophy of arms, flag, and cannon above. Re- verse, From the Boyne Society of Cork to their Chaplain, the Revd. Henry Sandiford, A.D. i?8o. A fine gold, oval, engraved medal, ijin. by ifin., with a bright cut border, and loop for suspension. CORK ARTILLERY VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, arms of Cork, Statio Bene Fide Carinis. Reverse, Great Gun Practice, Aug. 7779, Gunner O'Byrne, Best Shot. A silver medal. CORK CAVALRY, 1781, inscribed, 2nd. Troop Cork Volunteer Cavalry, Col. W. Chetwynd awarded this prize to P. Walsh for Pistol Practice. CORK CITY MILITIA, 1795. — Obverse, arms of Cork. Reverse, Best Shots, transferable medal the gift of the Mayor: 1795. CORK (ROYAL) CITY MILITIA, 1799. — (i) Obverse, in the centre, the harp, crowned; and 27. Upon a ribbon above the harp, Royal Cork City Militia; and below, Lieut. -Colonel Mountifort Longfield comding. Reverse, The gift of Colonel Lord Longueville to Captain Lieut. John Corker, for Merit. 26 June 1799. A gold medal, if in. diameter, all engraved. 1789. — (2) Obverse, the arms of Cork and motto, enclosed by a garter, inscribed Royal Cork City Militia; and in the exergue, 27 (the number of the regiment). Reverse, From Colonel Lord Longueville and the Officers of the Cork Militia to their Chaplain the Rev. John Sealy, $rd. July 1789. A gold medal, loz. 8dwts., all engraved, oval, 2jin. by ijin., with AND DECORATIONS. 317 bright cut border, and with loop for suspension. Ribbon, green watered silk. In the Day collection. CORNHILL VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — Obverse, a volun- teer at attention, within a wreath, inscribed, Cornhill Volunteers; below, 179$. Reverse, Awarded by Major Commandant Robert Williams to Mr. James Bates, for skill in firing 1*798. A silver struck and engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with raised rim and loop. CORNISH SEA-FENCIBLES, 1804. — Obverse, a globe, crowned, and surmounted by a laurel-wreath, to the bottom of which is attached an anchor, and a small shield, on which is the monogram, G.R.; below, on scroll, Cornish Sea-fencibles. Reverse, Robert July an, North Cornwall Company: July 1804. A silver medal, all engraved, 2 Jin. diameter, with a raised border of rope, and loop for suspension. CORNISH (ROYAL) MINERS VOLUNTEERS, 1804.— Presented to Sergt. Moore: Best Shot. COUNAGH RANGERS, 1780. — Obverse, The Counagh Rangers 1780. Reverse, Mr. Regan for skill at arms; a harp and shamrocks. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter, with loop. In the Day collec- tion. CRADLEY VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Reverse, Reward of Merit: The gift of the Officers to R. Hill for his skill at ball-practice: October 1804. An oval, silver, engraved medal. CRAIGILACHIE VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Best Shot: John McKellar 1803. CRAVEN LEGION, 1808.— The Craven Legion, Ball- firing prize Adjudged to Henry Whittam, distance shot at 100 yds: ist. July 1808. All engraved, with ornamental border. 318 BRITISH WAR MEDALS CREDITON LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Obverse, a crown ; below, a suspended bugle, surrounded by the legend, Loyal Crediton Volunteers. Reverse, Ad- judged to Mr. Thos. Hartwell for the best shot with ball; 100 yards distance; iqth. Aug: 1802. A silver, engraved medal, i.yin. diameter, with ring loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. CROMER LOYAL ARTILLERY, 1801. — Obverse, a cannon, surmounded by a crown, and surrounded by a circle, inscribed, Cromer Loyal Artillery. Reverse, Awarded to Gunner S. Butt for his proficiency at Gun Practise. June wth 1801. A silver medal, if in. diameter, with loop for suspension, all engraved. CROSS-MOLINA ARTILLERY, 1780. — Obverse, a gun and gunner, Superba frango. Reverse, Merit rewarded by the Officers, given to John O'Hea. CUINGLASS VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Obverse, Volun- teers of Ireland. Reverse, Adjudged to Thos. Egan of the Cuinglass Volunteers: Reward of Merit: 1780. An oval silver medal, with ornamental rim. CULLODEN VOLUNTEERS, CORK. — Obverse, arms and motto, His Serevitas. Reverse, Prize for skill at arms and musquetry. Thos. McGuire 1778, Colonel Benj. Bousfield. An engraved silver medal. CULROSS VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. — Obverse, Monas- tery Gate, S. Servanus. Reverse, inscribed, Given to Sandy McNab for straight shooting at 100 yds. 1805. Silver medal. DALKEITH VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — For target shoot- ing: James McKillop. DALWAY CARRICKFERGUS VOLUNTEERS, 1780.— Obverse, To John Mansel, of the Carrickfergus Company, for Skill at Arms, from Capt. Dalway, 1780. Reverse, in the field a cross-hiked sword in AND DECORATIONS. 319 pale, point down, and passing through a royal crown ^ above, Volunteers of Ireland; below, Manus haec inimica tyrannis (This hand is hostile to tyrants). Silver, oval, 2in. by ijin., with loop, and made of two convex plates, protected at the edge by a plain rim. DARLINGTON COMPANY, 1807. — For Merit. DEAL VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Obverse, the badge of Kent. Reverse, Won by Mr. Ed. Thorne at a shoot- ing competition, 19 May, 1801, the gift of the officers of the Deal Volunteers. DEDHAM VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Obverse, a shield, on which are three sabres surmounted by a crown, and encircled by two oak-branches. Reverse, Target practice: To the best shot Dedham Volunteers: Pre- sented by the Officers, 15 Sept., 1802. A thin, silver, engraved medal, i.65in. diameter, with thick rim and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. DENBIGH VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Best Shot's medal, won by John Evans. DEPTFORD VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Obverse, in the centre, G. R., surrounded by a crowned garter, inscribed, Deptford Volunteers, the whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath, surmounted by the word Defence. Reverse, Adjudged to Mr. A. Stevens: Best Shot: May i$th, 1803: at 100 yards. A round, thin, silver, engraved medal, ifin. diameter, with raised rim. In the Murray collection. DERBY VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, a crown on St. George's Cross, surrounded by a garter, inscribed, Reward for skill at arms; above, Derby Volunteers; below, MDCCCIV. Reverse, Adjudged to Serjt. W. Whiston: May ist, 1804.. A. silver engraved medal, 320 BRITISH WAR MEDALS • — • — - — ____ i Jin. diameter, with raised rim, and loop for sus- ; pension. DEVIZES LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1808. — Obverse, D.L.V. in raised floral letters, surrounded by a floral wreath. Reverse, Jas. Blackman, best shot. I Captain Vincis's Company, 1808. A round, silver medal ; the obverse struck, the reversed engraved. DEVIZES VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — To Mr. Edward Ainsiie for his superior Skill in the Devizes Volun- teers, June 1801. DEVONPORT YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1826. — Obverse, a wreath of laurel, within which is engraved an anchor, with a crown above; on either side, G. IV. R. Reverse, To perpetuate the presentation of colours of the Royal Marines at Plymouth. 2ist. Dec. 1826. Devonport Yeomanry. God Save the King. A silver medal, with ring for suspension. The Yeomanry formed the guard of honour on that occasion. DEVONSHIRE MILITIA. — From the Marquis of Devonshire 1800. DEWSBURY LIGHT HORSE VOLUNTEERS, 1801.— Reverse, Presented to James Knowles by the mem- bers of the Troops, a reward for his skill as a swords- man and proficiency at Military exercises. DODDER RANGERS, 1803. — (i) Obverse, Dodder Rangers, commanded by Samuel Ashworth, Esq.: embodied in July, 1803. In defence of everything dear to mankind. Reverse, This medal was presented to Mr. John Logan on the 22nd. day of June 1804, for his loyalty and superior skill in arms, by his sincere friend, J. Crosthwaite Esq. first Lieutenant. A large, oval medal, with loop for suspension, both sides engraved. In the Whitaker collection. AND DECORATIONS. 321 (2) 1798. — Obverse, The Dooder Rangers, 179$, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, in the centre, In token of merit; above, Pro Rege, Lege Grege, below, First Lieut. Crosthwaite. A large, silver, en- graved medal, 2T3^in. diameter, with raised edge and loop for suspension. In the Murray collection. DODDINGTON AND MARCH CAVALRY, 1809. — Reward of Merit. An oval medal. DONCASTER LIGHT CAVALRY, 1804. — Obverse, badge and motto, Confort et Hesse. Presented to Robt. Walton: Sergt. Reverse, For skill at arms and car- bine practise of the Doncaster Light Cavalry Troop 1804. DONCASTER VOLUNTEERS, 1 80 1.— Obverse, a castle- gate and crown, and motto, Confort et Hesse. Re- verse, Merit; awarded by the Officers, won by Geo : Stevens Esq: best shot in the corps at ball-practise, 750 yards, July 8th. 1801. DONEGAL VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — First Regt. of Vols: reward of merit to Dennis O'Neil i?8o. A hollow medal, all engraved. DORNOCH VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Reward of good shooting, presented to Corporal John Tulloch 1804. DORSETSHIRE YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1812. — Ad- judged to Richard Adams, the gift of the Officers of the ist. Squadron 1812. DOWN VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Awarded to Joseph Richardson for skill at Ball-practice. DROGHEDA ASSOCIATION, 1783.— Obverse, an oval shield charged with St. Patrick's cross, and a sham- rock in the centre, surrounded by the motto, Quis Separabit, MDCCLXXXIII. Behind, a trophy of swords, banners, laurel, and shamrock. Reverse, a spray of shamrock, and, on a scroll, Drogheda. A Y 322 BRITISH WAR MEDALS triangular brass plate, 2in. by 2jin., with hole for suspension. In the Day collection. DROGHEDA ASSOCIATION VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — (i) Obverse, a castle, Deus praesidium. Reverse, A reward for skill shooting with ball cartridge at 50 yds: won by Corpl. ]. Davey 179$. (2) 1778. — Obverse, Badge of the City, and motto, Deus Praesidium Mercantura Deus. Reverse, A Re- ward for Skill, Shooting wh Ball Cartridge from the Shoulder without a rest for the Firelock at fifty yards. The Gift of Lt.-Col. H. M. Lyons, won by Corpl. Joseph Darcy, 177$. DRUMBRIDGE VOLUNTEERS, 1782. — Obverse, a phoenix rising from the flames, with a harp in his beak; above, on a scroll, Crom aboo ; and below, Resurgam. Reverse, A reward of merit: Thos. Kelly : October 1*782 ; above, Drumbridge Volunteers; below, Major A. G. Stewart. Silver, all engraved, 2fin. diameter, with reeded rim and loop. In the Day collection. DRUMKEEN INFANTRY, 1797. — (i) Obverse, a harp, surmounted by a royal crown; on each side, G.R.; inscription, Drumkeen Infantry, 1797. Reverse en- graved, Pro aris et focis, attached to Cork, within a wreath of oak- and laurel-leaves. A silver-gilt medal, if in. diameter. (2) 1798. — Obverse, similar to the previous medal. Reverse, in the centre, The Reward of Merit, ifg8; below, two oak-branches; above, on a scroll, Pro Rege. Lege. Grege. An oval, silver-gilt medal, all engraved. In the Whitaker collection. DUBLIN RIFLE CLUB, 1841. — Reverse, a man with a rifle; on the right a clump of trees, and a rock; ii the background a river, on which is a steamei AND DECORATIONS. 323 Reverse, Dublin Rifle Club; A D 1841, surrounded by an oak- and laurel-wreath. A round silver medal, with a loop and ring for suspension. DUBLIN VOLUNTEERS, 1792. — (i) Obverse, a figure of Hibernia seated, holding a palm-branch ; above, R.D.V.; below, best shot 1792. Reverse, two guns with fixed bayonets in saltire in the centre; below, two branches, and on a wreath, Given by the officers, below, the recipient's initials, /. B. A silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter. In the Day collection. (2) 1806. — Obverse, an Irish harp, crowned, sur- rounded by the legend, First Regt. Royal Dublin Vols. Reverse, For skill in arms, 2nd Prize 1806. A silver engraved medal, if in. diameter, pierced for suspension. In the Murray collection. (3) 1780. — Obverse, figure standing with cap of Liberty, and holding a wreath, For the Worthyest, a bust on scroll, behind W. I. D. L.; legend, Unshaken, Unseduced, Unterrified. Reverse, The Dublin Volunteers associated under the command of the most noble W. I. Duke of Leinster, For the defence of their Country; have presented this Medal to John Findlay, Junr., he having on the i$th day of Septembr, 1780, manifested Superior Skill in Arms. The whole engraved, with loop for suspension. (4) 1805. — Obverse, Britannia seated on three books, with a trident in her left hand, on which is a cap of Liberty ; in her right hand a shield, on which is the Irish harp, crowned. On a scroll above, First Regiment; below, on a similar scroll, Royal Dublin Volunteers. Reverse engraved, Presented by the permanent staff of the Vlllth. Company, and adjudged to James Ponkerton, for his superior skill Y 2 324 BRITISH WAR MEDALS in arms, August qth 1805. An oval silver medal. In the Whitaker' collection. DUBLIN INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 2ND COMPANY.— Merit rewarded by Major Samuel Canier, adjudged to Michael O'Grady, 1*741. An oval silver medal. DUBLIN (COUNTY) LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1780. — Ob- verse, a Dragoon; in exergue, ifSo. Reverse, Merit Reward, given to M. O'Neil, by Captain Everard, for Skill at Arms. An oval silver medal. DUBLIN (COUNTY OF) LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1789.— From Major Browne, to Capt. John Latouche. 1*789. DUBLIN ROYAL LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1796. — For Merit. DUBLIN (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1779.— (i) Obverse, on a field of shamrocks, two muskets in saltire, be- tween a royal crown and harp; below, the date 1779, and on a ribbon, Royal Dublin Volunteers. Reverse, The gift of the Duke of Leinster, the best shot to wear this medal. For skill at shooting at the target. On the rim, Won by Mr. William McKenny. Silver, all engraved, with loop, 2§in. diameter. In the Day collection. (2) Obverse, a harp and crown, G. R. For King and constitution. Reverse, Presented by Captn. Fergusson, $rd. Compy ist. Regt. R.D.V. to Mr. Geo: Richd: Lodge, for superior firing at the target. A large, oval, silver, engraved medal. DUDLEY LOYAL ASSOCIATION, 1796. — Obverse, in the centre, a bugle; above, Dudley Loyal Associa- tion; below, L.C. Reverse, Presented to William Wills for his superior skill in firing with ball at wo yards: May wth, 1796. A thin silver engraved medal, i.7in. diameter, with ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. AND DECORATIONS. 325 DUHALLOW VOLUNTEERS, 1782.— Obverse, a harp, crowned; legend, Duhallow Loyal Volunteers. Trifle not with loyalty. Reverse, Awarded to the best shot, won by Corpl. A. Riley from Colonel Chinnery. A silver engraved medal, 2jin. diameter. In the Day collection. DUKE OF CUMBERLAND'S SHARPSHOOTERS, 1803. — (i) Obverse, the bust of Colonel Beaumont; in the exergue, Barber Beaumont. Reverse, The Duke of Cumberland's Sharpshooters. The first Volunteer Rifle Corps in Great Britain was raised in 1803. Bronze, struck, if in. diameter. (2) 1811. — Obverse, a circular target, with undu- lating country in the background; below, two crossed rifles; the whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Outside all the legend, Duke of Cumberland's Sharpshooters. Reverse, Presented to Adjutant De Berruger for his skill in firing at the target at 200 yards distance without a rest, and, hitting the bull's-eye six times in seven shots. August i$th, 1811. A silver engraved medal 2-^-in. diameter, with raised rim and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. DUKE OF GLOUCESTER'S LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — (i) Obverse, a female seated, with a lion couchant at her feet, presenting a palm-branch to a soldier holding his rifle in his right hand. Reverse, The Duke of Gloucester's Loyal Volunteers. Prize Medal: the gift of Sir Wm. Poulteney, Bart., won by Cor- poral Henry Eidis, qth Compy: April ijth. 1804. The obverse struck; the reverse engraved. A silver medal: i^ in. diameter. (2)— 1805. Obverse, same as No. i. Reverse, en- graved, 2nd Company: Prize medal. Presented for 326 BRITISH WAR MEDALS skill at arms. 2nd May 1805. Duke of Gloucester's Loyal Volunteers. A silver medal. In the Whitaker collection. DUKE OF GLOUCESTER'S VOLUNTEERS, 1805.— Obverse, bust of the King to the left; legend, Geor- gius HI: D.G., etc. Reverse, Triumphis potior; Peace holding a laurel-branch, and burning arms. In exergue is engraved Duke of Gloucester's Loyal Volunteers. Around the edge, Prise medal given by Geo. Farrant, Capt. L.C. 27 May 1805. for the best shot, won by Private Hen. Jas. Amey. DUKE OF LANCASTER'S OWN YEOMANRY.— Obverse, a crossed sword and carbine with bayonet fixed, sur- rounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, Skill at Arms, surrounded by Duke of Lancaster's own Yeomanry A silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter, \vith rai rim and swivel-loop for suspension. On edge, Wo by John Ainsworth. DUKE OF LANCASTER'S YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 183 —Obverse, on a shield the arms of Lancaster, a crow above; on either side of the shield a rose; legen on a raised border, Duke of Lancaster's Own Ye manry Cavalry. Reverse, two crossed carbines, wit a helmet in the centre, surrounded by a wreath of laurel; above, Carbine Prize. A large silver medal. Ribbon, yellow with green edges. It was also issued in bronze. (2) Made from a crown-piece of 1845, with the obverse intact. Reverse, engraved, a crossed sword and carbine, with the inscription, Presented 1854, to William Hilton, for 33 years' service in the Bolton troop. D.L.O.Y.C. A silver loop for suspension ijin. diameter. AND DECORATIONS. 327 DUKINFIELD INDEPENDENT RIFLEMEN, 1804. — Obverse, a soldier kneeling and firing, surrounded by the legend, Dukinfield Independent Riflemen; in the exergue, Embodied July i8th. 1804. Reverse, an oak-wreath, inside which is engraved, To Saml. Bruickshaw, Nov., 1808, surrounded by the words, Presented by Captain Francis Dukinfield Astley. A large silver medal, i.yin. diameter. DUMFRIES LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1792. — Obverse, a thistle; above, L.D.V.; below, 1792. Reverse, Merit. William McCulloch. An oval, silver en- graved medal. 2jin. by ifin. In the Murray collection. DUNBAR INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — Obverse, a castle, a thistle above. Inscription, Dunbar In- fantry Volunteers. Reverse, the gift of the members of the Company to their best shot, Duncan McKellar, 1806. All engraved, 2§in. diameter, with raised rim and ring for suspension. DUNBLANE VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — To Sergeant Steward, Best Shot 1805. An ova^ silver medal, in ornamental border. DUNDALK VOLUNTEER LIGHT DRAGOONS. — Obverse, in the centre, a harp; on the top arm, Dundalk ; above, a crown; on the right arm, Dragoons; above, a shamrock; on the lower arm, a skull and cross- bones; and on the left arm, Light; above, a sham- rock. Reverse, in the centre, Chas. O'Mara; and on the arms, Reward of Merit, 1780. A silver Maltese cross, 2in. square. In the Day collection. DUNDEE VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Obverse, St. Andrew with cross, Dundee Volunteers. Reverse, Reward of merit. A silver medal, if in. diameter; all in relief; name of recipient and date, 1805, on edge. 328 BRITISH WAR MEDALS DUNFERMLINE VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Reverse, Mr. Mclntosh won this medal, 1804. A best shot's silver medal. DUNLAVIN LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1777. — Obverse, two sabres in saltire; in the spaces, L. D., a harp and crown ; above, Dunlavin, below, P. Bourke. Reverse, Coin. M. Saunders comnd. Merit, 1777. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter. In the Day collection. BALING AND BRENTFORD VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 1803. — Obverse engraved, Ealing and Brentford Corps of Volunteer Infantry, Embodied 1803. Reverse, First Battn .• Company, a rifle target, and below, Our Country's secure — // all aim thus sure; hall-marked. EARL OF CHESTER'S VOLUNTEER LEGION. — A silver circular medal For Merit to Mr. Peter Brooke. EAST BUDLEIGH REGIMENT, 1809. — Obverse, in the centre the royal cypher, G.R., enclosed within a garter, inscribed East Budleigh Regiment, with ornamental border. Reverse, Prize Medal, inscribed above; and below a wreath, enclosing the words, Company No. i, platoon firing: May ist 1809, inter- spersed with scroll work. A thin, silver engraved medal, 2jin. diameter, with ring-loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. EAST CORNWALL VOLUNTEERS, 1808. — Won by Sergt. J. Doidge at Saltash iqth. May 1808: the gift of Lord Mount Edgcumbe. EAST INDIA VOLUNTEERS (LONDON), 1798.— (i) A large silver medal of George III. and Queen Charlotte for Loyalty. Reverse, three figures repre- senting England, Ireland, and Scotland, inscribed, With God and the People the Throne is Immortal, and Concord is the Security of Nations; edge, in- scribed, George Smith, Colonel, jrd Regiment, Royal AND DECORATIONS. 329 East India Volunteers, September ijth. 1798. The medal was granted to Colonel Smith for his services in the London East India Volunteers. (2) Obverse, cast and chased in high relief, an elephant with howdah and flags; on the former, G.R., the whole within a wreath of laurels. Reverse, en- graved L.E.I.L.V., ist Prize Medal ball firing adjudged to be won a\ Lords Cricket Ground, April ist, 1803. An oval medal, hall-marked. EAST-INDIA (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1802.— Obverse, an elephant carrying a howdah, on which is engraved G.R. Reverse, Fortitudine. 2nd R.E.I.V. Prize No. 2. ist Firings. Presented at Lord's Cricket- Ground, 1802. An oval silver medal ijin. by ifin., the obverse struck, the reverse engraved. In the Murray collection. EAST KENT VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — A prize for the best score made at ball-practise, held at the Fort, Margate, i8th. Oct: 1803: won by Mr. Warren. EAST NORFOLK MILITIA, 1804. — Obverse, in the centre a shield with the arms of the City of Norwich, surrounded by a garter, on which is engraved, East Norfolk Militia. Reverse, Medal of merit for shooting from the shoulder, distance 100 yards, 2nd. Company, 1804, surrounded by the legend, Nee Rege, nee Populo, sed utroque. An oval gilt badge, 2jin. by i Jin., with loop for suspension. Obverse struck, reverse engraved. In the Murray collection. EAST RIDING OF YORKS VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — The Guiseborough Company E.R.Y. Volunteers: the gift of the Company Officers to Mr. Hevy-Parish, a reward of his soldierly conduct and good shooting. 1805. An oval silver medal. 330 BRITISH WAR MEDALS ECHLIN VALE VOLUNTEERS, 1778. — (i) Obverse, a shield, on which is a -harp. Above, a crown ; below, on a scroll, Echlin Volunteers, Vale. Reverse, above, Merit; below, Rewarded; in the centre, By Captn. Charles Echlin, 177$. A silver engraved medal, with raised rim, i§in. diameter, and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (2) 1779. — Obverse, a dojable wreath; above, Pro patria; below, Echlin Vale Volunteers; in the centre a harp, crowned. Reverse, A Reward of Merit from Captain C. Echlin, June 7, 1779, to Mr. James Hogan. An oval, silver engraved medal, ijin. by ijin., with a raised flat border, engraved on both sides with shamrocks and laurel-leaves. In the Day collection. EDENSIDE (LOYAL) RANGERS, 1802. — Obverse, a garter inscribed, Loyal Edenside Rangers, sur- mounted by a royal crown and lambrequins; within the garter a suspended bugle, with the motto Fortiter et Recte inscribed on a scroll above. Reverse inscrip- tion, To George Moss, A token of regard from Colnl. Henry Howard July 1802, interspersed with scroll- work, and surrounded by two laurel-branches, tied below. A thin, oval, silver medal, engraved, 2.4in. by 2.iin., having a thick rim, and loop for suspen- sion, both engraved with floral decorations. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. EDINBURGH MILITIA. — Best marksman's badge; shield shape, with coat of arms on obverse, in relief. EDINBORO* (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — (i) Ob- verse, a castle on a shield, surmounted by an anchor : ist Regt. Royal Edinboro' Volunteers, surrounded by a wreath of thistles. Reverse inscribed, Primam Merui qui laude coronam. Prize medal for the best shot in the firings of Captain Bonnar's Company, AND DECORATIONS. 331 1803. Won by Richard Hotchkis, 6th April, 1804. An oval, silver-gilt medal, engraved. 2§in. by ijin. (2) 1803. — Obverse, arms of the City : ist Regt. above; Royal Edinburgh Volunteers below. Reverse, Primam. Merui. qui. Laude. Coronam, on label ; be- neath it David Tough, Prize Medal for the Best Shot in the firings of Captain Spens's Compy., 1803. An engraved, silver-gilt badge. These badges were given to the best shot in each company. (3) 1804. — Obverse, a trophy, surmounted by Royal Edinburgh Volunteers. Reverse, Presented by Lieut. Col. Hope for exemplary attendance during the season of 1804, Ensign James Anderson, within a laurel- wreath. A silver-gilt medal, engraved. (4) 1805. — Obverse, a trophy, consisting of a shield, with arms, flags, &c.; legend, Pro Rege et populo. Reverse, ist Royal Edinburgh Volunteer Infantry, Lt.-Colonel Right Honble. Charles Hope, 1805, Ensign Jas. Anderson. An oval, silver-gilt medal, engraved. 2|in. by ijin. (5) 1805. — Obverse, a castle on a shield, sur- mounted by an anchor on a trophy of arms and colours. Reverse, ist Royal Edinburgh Volunteer Infantry, Lt.-Colonel Right Honble. Charles Hope, 1805; surrounded by a wreath of oak-leaves. A silver oval medal, 2.35in. by i.Sin., with the recipient's name engraved on the edge. (6) 1820. — Obverse, To Andrew Carrick, S.S.R.E.V. Reverse, For his meritorious and exemplary conduct as a soldier, 1820. An engraved medal, ijin. diameter. (7) 1807. — Obverse, a soldier in the act of shooting ; above, on a scroll, L. E. V.; below, on a scroll, best 332 BRITISH WAR MEDALS shot. Reverse, Alexr. McPherson Captn. Neivtons Company, 2d July 1807. An oval, silver-gilt medal, with raised border, and an ornamental loop for sus- pension. All engraved, 2|in. by ijin. (8) 1 80 1. — Obverse, a royal crown, with garter beneath, inscribed, ist. Battalion, 2nd. Regiment R.E.V. Reverse, a figure of a rifleman, and inscribed Best Marksman, to Alex. Lawson, July nth. 1801. An oval silver medal, with embossed border, and scroll loop for suspension. ELY VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, in the centre G. R., surmounted by a crown, and surrounded by the legend, Reward of Merit, the whole surrounded by a laurel wreath. Reverse, Won by Mr. E. Scott, Ely Voluntrs. A skilful fy steady marksman April AND DECORATIONS. 333 A thin silver engraved plate, if in. diameter, with an engraved border on either side. A ring for suspension. EMSWORTH VOLUNTEERS, 1811. — Given by Captn. John Gibbs to Mr. George Young: April 1811. ENDENDERY UNION VOLUNTEERS, 1789. — The gift of Colonel John Lucas, iffy. A gold medal. ENNISCORTHY VOLUNTEERS, 1782.— (i) Obverse, a volunteer at attention between the crown and harp, that rest upon branches of shamrock ; below, on a ribbon of three folds, Hinc Spes Effulget (Hence Hope shines upon us); above, Enniscorthy Volun- teers. Reverse, Obtained by John O'Flannagan, 1782, for his Patriotic Services to our Glorious Cause. Gold engraved medal, with ornamental suspender, and bright cut edge; 2in. in diameter, weight i6dwt. In the Day collection. (2) Obverse, wreath of laurel and shamrock enclos- ing harp crowned, &c. Reverse, For Skill in Firing at a Target, Adjudged by the Officers to Mr. R. Fagan, 1*782. A silver medal. ESSEX FIRST LEGION, 1806. — Obverse, in the centre, a volunteer standing at attention ; above, on a scroll, First Essex Legion; in the exergue, two olive- branches. Reverse, Presented by Lieut.-Col. John R. Stotherd. For Skill at Arms: ifth August, 1806. An oval, silver, engraved medal, 2.2in. by i.95in., composed of two convex plates, fixed in a thick rim. A loop and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. ESSEX LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1820. — Obverse, a crown and garter inscribed, Honi soit qui mal y pense, sur- rounding three scimitars, edges upwards; below, on a scroll, Tuebor. Reverse, Reward for military virtue 334 BRITISH WAR MEDALS from Col. Montague Burgoyne ; legend, Essex Light Dragoons, surrounded by a palm-wreath. A bronze medal, with loop for suspension, i-5in. diameter. This medal was also issued in silver. The design is the same, but it was all engraved, instead of struck, 2jin. diameter. ESSEX VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1804. — Obverse, within a wreath, G. R. III., a shield charged with three swords, and surmounted by a crown. Reverse, ist East Essex Volunteer Cavalry, for skill at arms, from Captain Gill, May 1804. A silver medal. EVESHAM VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1800. — Obverse, in the centre, a lion rampant, supporting a double- tongued pennon, on which are the letters, E. V. C. Above the motto, Defence not Defiance. Below, a shield, on which are G. R. HI., and on either side an olive-branch.. Reverse, Adjudged to Corpl. Wm. Cole for Proficiency at the Military Exercises, and for regular attendance at drill, 1800, surrounded by an olive-wreath. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with a thick, beaded rim, and ring loop for suspen- sion. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. EXETER LOYAL ASSOCIATION, 1809. — Obverse, a castle, the crest of the City of Exeter. Above, on a scroll, Semper Fidelis; below, Loyal Association. Reverse, Prize for Skill at Ball-firing : August, 1809. On either side of the date a pile of shot ; on a scroll below, The Gift of the Mayor of Exeter. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with thin raised rim, and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. FALKIRK VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, figure of a High- lander; legend, Touch ane touch a. Reverse, Given to Alexander Fraser for skill at ball firing. AND DECORATIONS. 335 FALKLAND (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — The gift of the Privates of the Company to John Ross 1*798. FALMOUTH VOLUNTEERS, 1797. — Obverse inscribed, Falmouth Independent Volunteers, 1797. Reverse, B all-fir eing, No. 2: woyds. A bronze-gilt medal, ijin. diameter. In the Whitaker collection. FARRINGDON-WARD ASSOCIATION, 1801. — Obverse, a volunteer firing, a camp in the background; above, F. W. V.; in the exergue, A Reward of Merit. Reverse, Adjudged to Mr. Arthur Morris for the best essay at ball-practice of the ist Company. 17 July 1801 ; on the edge, The gift of Major Charles Price. A silver engraved medal, 2jin. diameter. In the Murray collection. FARWAY VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Obverse, A prize for the best shot. Reverse, Mr. Wheadon, winner of the Shooting Match held at Farway, June, 1803. An oval silver medal. FAVERSHAM LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1795. — Obverse, the White Horse of Kent, rampant, with the motto, Invicta, inscribed on a scroll below; above, F. L. V.; around all a narrow ornamental border. Reverse, To Mr. Robt. Symes, for his Superior Shooting at the Target: 75 April 1795, surrounded by an ornamental border. A thin oval silver engraved medal, 2.2in. by i.8in.; a ring-loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. FERMOY CAVALRY, 1798.— (i) Obverse, a harp, with crown above; inscription Fermoy Cavalry. Reverse, Pro Rege . Lege . Grege: 1798. A silver-gilt medal, engraved, 2in. diameter, with ring for suspension. (2) 1799. Obverse, G.III. R.: 1799, surrounded by a garter, inscribed, Fermoy Cavalry. Reverse, a 336 BRITISH WAR MEDALS wreath ; above, No. I. Merit. A silver engraved medal, 2^in. diameter. In the Murray collection. FERTULLAGH CAVALRY, 1796. — Obverse, the Royal Arms, with the lion and unicorn ; below, on a ribbon, Dieu et mon droit. The Hanoverian scutcheon of pretence in the centre of the shield. Reverse, Presented by Captn. Berry to Hubert Kelly as best Marksman in the Fertullagh Cavalry. An oval silver medal, 2 Jin. by 2in., all engraved. In the collection of Colonel Knox. FIFESHIRE VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — Reverse, Badge of Merit 1798 awarded to W. A. Culf, Royal Regiment, Fifeshire Volunteers. An oval silver medal. FIFESHIRE (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Reverse, The gift of the Officers of the Regt: to Peter Currie, a token of Regard and esteem. FLINT LOYAL LIGHT INFANTRY, 1805. — Won by Thomas Williams, May Firings, 1805. FLINT ROYAL REGIMENT, 1807. — To James Wilkie: best shot with ball, at 100 yds. FORT ROSE VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Best Shot with ball: Duncan Me Rae 1801. An oval silver medal. FORT WILLIAM VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Obverse, a volunteer firing; three tents to the right; above, F.W.V.; in exergue, A reward for Merit. Reverse, Adjudged to Mr. Arthur Morris for the best essay at the Ball practise of the ist. Company ifth. July 1801. On edge, The gift of Major Chas: Price. Silver, engraved, 2in. diameter. FRANKFORT AND BALLIBOG VOLUNTEERS, 1781. — For merit. FRASERBURGH VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — The best shot, awarded to P. McTavish, for praiseworthy shooting AND DECORATIONS. 337 and regular attendance at the drills of the Company December 1800. An oval medal. FRAZIER'S FENCIBLES, 1800. — Obverse, in the centre, a raised garter, inscribed Frazier's Fencibles ; in the middle a Scotch thistle, surmounted by a crown. Behind the garter is an engraved star of six points. Reverse, within a laurel-wreath, Given by the Colonel- Commandant. A Reward for Skill at the Target, ii September 1800. A large silver medal, 2 Jin. diameter ; both sides convex, with raised rim, and ring for suspension. FRENCH-PARK LIGHT HORSE, 1789. — Obverse, a curious allegorical design. Reverse, Merit rewarded by Lieutenant Colonel Me Dermot. Patrick Doyle, 1*789. A silver medal. FROME AND EAST MENDIP CAVALRY, 1805. — Ob- verse, in the centre two clasped hands; above, Unity ; below, and Concord; the whole surmounted by a crown. Below, a wreath of roses, shamrocks, and thistles. Reverse, From Coln- T. S. Homer, The Reward of Merit, 1805. Frome and East Mendip Cavalry. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with ornamental border, and loop for suspension. In Colonel GaskelPs collection. GALASHIELS VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, a volunteer shooting. A Reward of Merit. Reverse, Adjudged to John McCullum for the most shots on the target at wo yards. An oval silver medal. GALWAY VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Obverse, coat-of- arms, &c. Reverse, Colonel R. Martin's reward for Skill-at-Arms adjudged to Michael Rigby. An oval silver medal. GATESHEAD VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — Obverse, Reward of Merit. Reverse, Presented to Serjt. W. 'Affleck of z 338 BRITISH WAR MEDALS the Gateshead Volns. for his superior shooting at the target: 10 Oct: 1800. A silver medal, all engraved, 2in. diameter, with a broad raised ornamental border, and ring for suspension. GEDSHALL VOLUNTEERS, 1791. — Given by Major Rane Cooke to John Ward: Sept. 1791. GLAMORGAN CENTRAL REGIMENT VOLUNTEERS, 1811. — Best shot with ball, won by George Roberts of Captn. Howell's Compy : ifth April 1811. GLAMORGAN (EASTERN) VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 1807. — Thos. Lewis, best shot of the Regiment: 1807. GLAMORGAN LOCAL MILITIA, 1810. — Obverse, the Prince of Wales' plumes and crown, surrounded by a raised laurel-wreath. Outside, engraved in running hand, Reward of Merit. Central Regt. Glamorgan Local Militia. Reverse engraved, Won by Henry Thomas; Captn. Morgan Davies' Compy.: 22nd. July 1810. A small silver medal, i-3in. diameter, with loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. GLAMORGAN (ROYAL) MILITIA, 1827. — Obverse, a crown and bugle-horn ; legend, Royal Glamorgan Militia. Reverse, Presented by the Marquis of Bute. The Reward of Merit. 1827. A silver engraved medal, i fin. diameter, with ring for suspension. In the Day collection. GLENDERMOT VOLUNTEERS. — Colonel George Ask's reward to Thomas Margraves, for his superior con- duct. GODLEY VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1804. — Obverse, an ancient warrior mounted on horseback, with shield and spear. Reverse, within an ornamental border, By Perseverance, By Skill, 1804; on a garter, Hundred of Godley Volunteer Cavalry. An oval silver medal, AND DECORATIONS. 339 with engraved inscription, &c., 2jin. by 2in., sus- pended by the minor axis. GOLDSMITH'S CORPS (DUBLIN), 1780. — Obverse, a sword in pale between two bombshells, and branches of shamrocks. Above, upon a wreath, Vox populi suprema lex est. Below, Invincible Goldsmiths. Re- verse, A token of esteerrt to Captain B. O'Brien given by his grateful Company, March ifth. 1780. A gold engraved medal, loz. 8dwt., with a rope-border and loop. In the Day collection. GOSPORT FUSILIER VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — Oval silver medal. Best Shot, presented to A. Stewart: 1800. GRAIGUE VOLUNTEERS, 1779. — Obverse, a serpent striking at the Irish harp; motto, Fidei corticula crux. Reverse, Reward of merit, established 1779, Ed. Brennan. GRAVESEND VOLUNTEERS, 1804.— (i) Obverse, This medal, given by Lieut. Beaumont, is adjudged to be worn by Joseph Lukes, surrounded by an oak-wreath. Reverse, Prize medal, shot for i6th. Sep. 1804 by the Gravesend Loyal Light Infantry Volunteers, sur- rounded by a laurel-wreath. A silver engraved medal. In the Whitaker collection. (2) Obverse, Prize medal shot for jrd Sept. 1804, by the Gravesend Loyal Light Infantry Volunteers, sur- rounded by a wreath. Reverse, This medal, given by Captain Walsh, is adjudged to be worn by Thomas Foreman. A silver engraved medal, iy|in. diameter. In the Murray collection. GRAVESEND VOLUNTEER ARTILLERY, 1798. — Obverse, a royal crown, below which is the inscription, The Gravesend Volunteer Artillery. May 1798, encircled by two floral sprays, tied together. Reverse, The gift of General Fox. A reward for skill shown in his Z 2 340 BRITISH WAR MEDALS presence in striking a floating target thrice with cannon-shot at a distance of a mile from the Fort. An oval silver engraved medal, 2.2in. by i.8in., with a thick rim. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. GREENWICH LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1804.— Obverse, a volunteer firing. Reverse, a target; above, Loyal Greenwich Volunteers; below, While all aim thus sure, our country is secure; on the edge, Prize won by G. Bennet, of the 8th Company, June $th 1804. A silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter. In the Murray collection. GREENWICH (LOYAL) WATER FENCIBLES. — For pro- ficiency at cutlass exercise ]. J. Bell. GRIMSBY VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Reverse, The reward of Merit for shooting won by Mr. Edward Jones: best shot in the Grimsby Volunteers: 28th. May 1803. An oval silver engraved medal. GUERNSEY ROYAL MILITIA, 1850. — Obverse, three soldiers, one kneeling and firing, the other standing, and the third loading; above, Royal Guernsey Militia. Reverse, a laurel-wreath; above, Challenge Medal; below, Established MDCCCL. A silver medal, struck, i Jin. diameter. GUILDFORD VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — Obverse, the arms of Guildford, in relief. Reverse, inscription. Silver shooting badge. GUILDHALL INFANTRY ASSOCIATION, 1798. — Ad- judged by Major Commandant Jasper Atkinson to John Parker for Skill at Target. An oval silver medal. GUISBOROUGH VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Obverse, inside a circle, surmounted by a crown and supported by two cupids, Guisborough: E.R.V. Volunteers Com- pany; in exergue, Reward of Merit. Reverse, The AND DECORATIONS. 341 gift of the Company Officers to Mr. Henry Parish, a reward for his soldierly conduct, $ good shooting j#oj. Oval, 2in. by 2jin., raised rim, and ring. GUNSBOROUGH UNION VOLUNTEERS, 1782.— Ob- verse, two guns in saltire, and a sword in fess. At either side a shamrock, and in the centre a shell with fuse. Below, Gunsbor'ough Union Volunteers, and above, Unity is invincible. Reverse, Adjudged to Private F. Eno by Colonel George Gun, for skill at arms 1782. The medal is ifin. diameter, silver, and engraved. It is suspended from a pierced quatre- foil, heart and chain, and pendant from three of its six rings are two silver acorns and a second heart of gold, with a double festooned chain. In the Day collection. HADDENHAM VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — Reverse, This re- ward of skillful Shooting was adjudged to Mr. John Clay April 1806; with ornamental border. HADDINGTON VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Best-Shot's medal, 100 yards prise. HALIFAX LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1811. — Reverse. The gift of Captn. James Cartledge to Thos. Boothroyd for his skill at Ball practise, 14. March 1811. A silver medal. HAMPSHIRE YEOMANRY. — Obverse, similar to the regimental medal of the Household Cavalry, but with the addition of the words, Hampshire Yeomanry. Re- verse, similar, but with the arms of the City of Win- chester upon the bugle-banner. In the Day collection. HANS TOWN ASSOCIATION, 1799. — Obverse, in the centre, G.R., surrounded by a wreath, and sur- mounted by a crown ; above, Hans Town Associa- tion. Reverse, Presented by Captain Penny to Mr. Thomas Price, adjudged best shot wo yards, 2jrd 342 BRITISH WAR MEDALS July 1799. A silver engraved medal, 2-^in. diameter. In the Murray collection. HANS TOWN VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, a garter, in- scribed, Pro Rege et Patria, and surmounted by a crown. Inside the garter a monogram, consisting of the letters H.T.V. Reverse, in the centre, a Star of the Garter; above, Merit; below, Rewarded. The whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. An oval silver engraved medal, with raised rim. HASTINGS SEA FENCIBLES, 1801. — A reward of merit, Captain E. H. Columbine: Commander. HAVERING CAVALRY, 1800. — Obverse, The Medal of Merit, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, John Mason. Havering Cavalry; 1800, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A silver engraved medal. ly^in. diameter. In the Murray collection. HAWKE UNION OF COVE. — A foul anchor ; sur- rounded by a circle inscribed on both sides, Pro gloria regis et patrice. Bronze, with loop for suspen- sion. In the Day collection. HELENSBURGH VOLUNTEERS, 1799. — Obverse, arms and motto, Cnoc Elachan. Reverse, Shooting prize medal, won by James Scott: Corpl. given by the Officers, Sept. 1799. An oval silver medal. HENFIELD VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — A Best Shot medal. HENLEY LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Obverse, the regimental crest, H, crown and Sun. Reverse, Mr. Wm. Masters: the best shot of the Company 1805. HEREFORD YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1814. — Awarded to Mr. Francis Edwards for Carbine Shooting. HIBERNIA LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1787. — Obverse, Hibernia seated with harp and palm - branch, Hibernia Light Dragoons on a scroll, and below on .' AND DECORATIONS. 343 another scroll, Juncta virtuti fides. On one side of the figure 17 and on the other 87. Reverse, For fidelity to his corps and country, this badge is awarded by Colonel Joseph Deane to Mr. T. Smart. Silver, engraved, 2 Jin. diameter. HIGHLAND ARMED ASSOCIATION, 1805. — Obverse, G. R., surmounted by. a crown; below ///., and surrounded by a wreath of thistles; and outside, Highland Armed Association. Reverse, The Gift of Lt. Col. R. Macfarlane is adjudged to Sergt. Donald Stuart for the best shot at wo yards. June 26th. 1805. A silver engraved medal, with raised rim 2.1 in. diameter, and with an ornamental loop and ring for suspension. HONITON LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1796. — For quarterly ball-firing competition, won by Captain J. Towns- end: Sept. 1796. HONOURABLE ARTILLERY COMPANY, 1803. — (i) Obverse, the arms of the H.A.C. ; below is the motto, Arma Pads Fulcra. Reverse, a trophy of arms, sur- mounted by the Prince of Wales' plumes and motto. The centre is inscribed, Honourable Artillery Co., South-East Division. Adjudged to Mr. Thomas Irwin, for the best shot with ball, 100 yards distance, at Highgate, ifth Sep., 1803. A large, oval silver medal, 2fin. by 2jin. (2) Obverse, the arms of the H.A.C. Reverse, within a laurel-wreath the recipient's name is en- graved. On the bar for suspension are the crest and motto of the H.A.C. A silver-gilt medal. (3) Obverse, a shield inscribed, Adjudged to J. Kidston, Esq:; the crest of the H.A.C. above, and on a scroll above all the motto, Arma Pads Fulcra. A cannon, drum, &c., below the shield, and behind 344 BRITISH WAR MEDALS it a military trophy consisting of flags, swords, guns, &c. The field is covered with closely engraved hori- zontal lines, and the whole is surrounded by a beaded rim in high relief. Reverse, within an ornamental border, the inscription, Hon. Artillery (Grenadier) Company, For the jrd best 'shot with ball, 100 yards distance, on Highgate Common iqth Sept. 1799, t^ie whole surrounded by a beaded rim in high relief. An oval, silver engraved medal, 2.6in. by i.gin., with an ornamental scroll and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. HORNCASTLE AND SPILSBURY CAVALRY, 1798. — A silver medal for skill at arms. HUDDERSFIELD VOLUNTEERS, i8oi. — Presented to Joshue Grassland by Capt. Scott: Merit rewarded. An oval silver engraved medal. IMOKILLY BLUE ARTILLERY. — (i) A cross patee, i.35in. square. Obverse, centre, on raised boss with wreath around, in defence above flags, cannon, &c. Reverse, engraved, For merit, James Mahony, Imokilly Blue Arty., 1779. (2) Obverse, a gunner firing gun. Reverse, in- scribed, Colonel R. A. Fitzgerald commanding the Corps, adjudged this Badge of Merit to R. MacCarthy, 1779. A silver medal. IMOKILLY BLUE HORSE, 1799. — Obverse, two swords in saltire, tied in the middle by a bow (the whole in gold) ; above, an Irish harp, and in each of the angles formed by the crossed swords the letters " I. B. H." Reverse, Best Swordsman, Imokilly Blue Horse, given to Edward Leach, by Colonel. R. W. Fitzgerald, igth. day of Sept. 1779. A silver medal, i. 65in. diameter, the reverse engraved, a crown and ring for suspension. In the Day collection. AND DECORATIONS. 345 INCHIGEELAH INFANTRY, 1784. — Obverse, in the centre, an oblong target between two rosettes ; above, Inchigeelah Infantry; below, Awarded for Tar gate practice. Reverse, 2nd Prize won by Sergeant Mr. Mayer: June ist. 1784. An oval, silver engraved medal, 2.5in. by i.Qin., with twisted cord border and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. INVERNESS VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Best shot, won by D. McPherson 1804. IPSWICH VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Reverse, From the Officers of the Ipswich Volunteers, won by Geo. Stiles. IRVINE VOLUNTEERS, 1820. — (i) Obverse, the Scot- tish Lion sejant do face, holding a dagger in his right paw and in his left a sceptre ; below, on a scroll, Irvine Volunteers. Reverse, To James McBride, ist Shot, yoth Oct., 1820. A silver medal, ifin. diameter. In the Murray collection. 1799. — (2) Best shot. An oval silver medal. ISLINGTON INFANTRY COMPANY, 1804. — A shield within a garter : Presented by Mrs. Anderdon to the best shot at 125 yards: F. Perkins 1804. IVERK VOLUNTEERS, 1782. — Obverse, Iverk Volun- teers; Major optima ferat. A draped figure, holding in the right hand a crown and in the left a flag with harp. Reverse, Merit rewarded by Major Osborne, given to Mark Cullen 1782. KANTURK VOLUNTEERS. — Timothy O'Shea, best shot with ball, 1*80, inscribed with motto, Per Augusta ad Augusta. KENDAL VOLUNTEERS, 1807. — Obverse, an oval four-pointed radiated star; in the centre, in an oval 346 BRITISH WAR MEDALS border, two crossed rifles with fixed bayonets ; above, a crown; below ///., and on either side G. and R. Above, on a ribbon, Merit; below, on another, Best shot. Reverse, Won by Robert Hodgson of the Kendal 6- Lonsdale Volunteers at Kendal: Septem- ber 180?. An oval silver medal, 2jin. by ijin., all engraved, with raised rim and loop for suspension. KERROCH COMPANY, 1780. — Obverse, allegorical design. Reverse, Thos. Roberts, Colonel, rewards the military zeal of James Roche, 1780. An oval silver medal. KERRY LEGION, 1782. — Obverse, a lion, passant guardant, supporting a harp ; and issuing from the clouds a naked arm, with dagger, that strikes at the lion's head. Above, Ducit amor patrice. In the exergue, Strike hard and true, men of Kerry Legion. Reverse, This prize-medal was won by Michl. Fitz- gerald: of the Kerry Legion October 1782. 2in. diameter, with loop ; all engraved, silver. In the Day collection. KERRY LEGION CAVALRY. — Obverse, P atria car a carier Fides. Reverse, Major Rowland Bateman gave this medal to Thos. Boyle, a reward for Mili- tary Merit and Skill at Arms. An oval silver medal. KIDWELLY LOYAL VOLUNTEER GUNNERS, 1803.- Best Shot's medal, adjudged to Volunteer John Evans 1803. KILCULLEN RANGERS, 1779. — Obverse, within a border of shamrocks a wasp, with a target on its back; below, A sting for invaders. Reverse, This medal was awarded to Mr. John Royle by Captn. Keating for a tryal at shooting of the Kilcullen Rangers qth. Nov. 1779. A silver engraved medal. 2in. diameter. In the Day collection. AND DECORATIONS. 347 KILFINNAN FOOT, I77Q. — Obverse, in the centre, Kilfinnan Foot; above, a crowned skull, surrounded by two laurel-branches; below, Mortem aut trium- phant. Reverse, To ]h. Murphy, the gift of Colnl. S. Oliver. Merit rewarded and perpetuated: 1779. An oval, silver, engraved medal, 2§in. by i£in., with a chased floral rim, and ring for suspension. KILFINNAN FOOT VOLUNTEERS, 1778. — A silver medal given to Jas. McManus, for Merit, 1778, en- graved with a trophy of arms and motto, Nil Timer e. KILFINNAN VOLUNTEERS, 1789. — Obverse, Three soldiers standing at attention ; motto, United we are ready. Kilfinnan Volunteers, Colonel S. Oliver, commanding. Reverse, A reward of merit, adjudged to Mr. Thos. Boyle for being best marksman in the Kilfinnan Volunteers, at a Tryal 2$rd. April 1789. A gold medal. KILKOURSEY UNION, 1780. — Obverse, a crown, harp, and motto, Ad mortem fidelis. Reverse, Reward for skill at arms, the gift of Colonel John Judge won by Edward Leary, ifth. May 1780. An oval, silver, engraved medal. KILLALA RANGERS, 1779.— Obverse, in the centre the harp, crowned; above, Killala Rangers; below, two branches of shamrock. Reverse, Timothy O'Neal for best target, 100 yards, 17 June 1779. A silver medal, with loop for suspension; all engraved, if in. diameter. In the Day collection. KILLCOOLY VOLUNTEERS, 1779. — Obverse, a shield charged with a harp suspended from a nail that partly supports a crown and rests upon a trophy of arms and banners; on one of these is G. R.; upon the other, Pro Rege, over a half-concealed harp; below, 348 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Killcooly and the letter V (Volunteers). Reverse, Transferable medal for Skill at Arms, given by Colnl. Sir W. Barker, Bart. 1779. A silver, hall-marked, oval medal, 3 Jin. by 2|in., with a raised and chased rim forming a border work of shamrocks and roses, with a ring of the same. KILLIMAT INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 1779. — Ob- verse, an ancient warrior standing on a prostrate foe ; above, Obsequio non viribus 1779; in the exergue, The Killimat Indepnt- Volunteers. Reverse, Given to James Roche by his fellow Volunteers, a token of their regard. Silver engraved, 2 Jin. diameter, with raised border, and loop for suspension. In the Day collection. KILLIMOON ARTILLERY, 1779. — Obverse, a field- piece, with sponge-rod and pile of shot ; below, Killimoon Artillery, and, below, on a raised border, Nunc aut nunquam. Reverse, Awarded to Charles Mally, on border; Reward of Merit in the centre. A silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter, with sunk centre, all engraved, having above and below a decorated flange, pierced above for suspension. In the Day collection. KILLIVAN VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Reward of Merit. KILWORTH LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1780. — Merit at sword exercise, awarded to Michael Murphy best Swordsman 1780. An oval silver medal. KING'S BODYGUARD, 1798. — Obverse, the Prince of Wales' plumes and motto ; in the centre a crossed bow and arrow and a bugle ; underneath which is the date, /79#; and below all, two laurel-branches. Outside is the inscription, The King's Bodyguard of Scotland: Prise medal. Reverse, Prest pro Rege et mon pais. AND DECORATIONS. .W) 340 an A thin, oval, silver, engraved medal, 2in. by if in., with loop. KING'S ROYAL BODYGUARD COMPANY, 1822. — Ob- verse, Royal King's Bodyguard Compy. with a hunting-horn, bow and arrow, and with the Prince of Wales' plumes and motto in the centre. Reverse, within a beaded circle, Bull firing Target wo yards., and radiating from it are four spaces in which are the competing scores, Wm. Egerton 2ist June 1822: XI: W. W. Drake $ih July 1822: XX: Wm. Egerton joth August 1822: VIII: W. W. Drake 2ist Deer. 1822: XXI, the whole design on both sides enclosed in a pearl border. A silver engraved medal, i|in. diameter, with loop for suspension. In the Day collection. KlNGSTON-UPON-HULL VOLUNTEERS, l8l2. — ThoS. Austin, best shot (ist.) First Company 1812. KIRKCUDBRIGHT VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1810. — For the best swordsmanship. KIRKWALL VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Awarded to D. Nichol. KNIGHT-MARSHAL'S VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Reverse, Sir J. Bland Burgess, Bart: Major Commandant: to Mr. Ed. Saville for merit. LAMBETH VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — Obverse, in the centre the monogram G.R., surmounted by a crown; above, the motto, Ex uno disce omnes, the whole interspersed with scrolls; below, Won by Arthur Bass. Reverse, Annual prise for skill at arms. Awarded to the Lambeth Volunteers by Lady Burnett. Vauxhall, 1800. An oval, silver engraved medal, ij^in. by 2 Jin., with raised flat rim for pro- tection, and loop for suspension. 350 BRITISH WAR MEDALS LAMBETH (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1800.— Obverse, G.R. crowned within a laurel wreath, surrounded by a band, inscribed Loyal Lambeth Volunteers, 1800. Reverse, crossed swords and horse-shoe ; below two laurel branches, Cavalry Troop Reward of Merit from Sir Robert Barnett. Engraved medal, hall-marked. LANARK AND DUMBARTON FENCIBLE CAVALRY, 1798. — For skill at arms given to John Milner. LANARK ROYAL MILITIA, 1813. — (i) Obverse, en- graved with Morpeth Castle. Reverse, Presented to Chas. Stewart, Private in the Royal Lanark Militia, by the Non-Com. Officers and Privates of the qth Battalion Company Southern Regt. North Local Militia, for his strict attention to the Company during their training, Morpeth, i6th Oct., 1813. 1844. — (2) Obverse, in the centre, V.R., sur- mounted by a crown and surrounded by a wreath o£- thistles; above, Royal Lanark Militia. Reverse, A Reward for soldierly merit, 1844. A large, silver engraved medal, i.8in. diameter, with raised rim, and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. LANARK (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1811. — Best Shot's medal 1811 : awarded to Mr. Renton, May firings. LANCASTER VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — For Merit. LANGBOURNE WARD VOLUNTEERS, 1799.— Obverse, a radiated star of eight points; a garter in the centre, inscribed, God save the King, enclosing the letters G. R., surmounted by a royal crown. Legend, Langbourne Volunteers. The motto, Spectamur agendo, inscribed on a scroll below the star. Reverse, at the top, an ornamental plaque, inscribed, Merit; and, below it, the words, From Major W. Powell. September, 1799, interspersed with scroll-work, two AND DECORATIONS. 351 laurel-branches tied below, partly enclosing the in- scription. A thin, silver, engraved medal, 2.iin. diameter, a thick rim, and ornamented loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. LANGPORT VOLUNTEERS, 1807.— Obverse, G.R. III. within a garter, inscribed, Langport; below, Volun- teers, the whole on a royal ermine mantle with a crown above. Reverse, Reward for Military Merit, the gift of T. B. Tyndal Esq. Adjutant: July 1807. LANIVET VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Reverse, Reward of Merit: presented to Roger Henwood, of Captain Nicolas Grose's Company: March 1802. LEEK TROOP OF VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1808. — To Henry Hollams. LEICESTER INFANTRY, 1800. — Obverse, Prince of Wales' plumes; above, Military merit awarded; below, / #00. Reverse, W. H. Brabason, P.W.O. Leicester Infantry. Circular, engraved, silver medal. LEICESTER YEOMANRY, 1798. — Obverse, a crown, surrounded by a laurel-wreath ; above, Leicester Yeomanry Cavalry; and below, Reward of merit. Reverse, This medal was won by Thos. Emerson of Capt. Farnham's troop, being the First Prize at the quarterly firings, September 1798. A large silver medal, 2 Jin. diameter, all engraved, with /a raised ornamental rim, and loop for suspension. LEITH VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — Obverse, Loyal Leith Ward Volunteers; Reward of Merit: 1806. Reverse, Adjudged to Douglas Grieve. An oval silver en- graved medal, with an ornamental border. LEWES VOLUNTEERS, 1795. — Obverse, in relief, the bust of George III., with legend. Reverse, Lewes Volunteers; ist. Prize: Ball firing 1795. Name on edge. 352 BRITISH WAR MEDALS LIBERTY ARTILLERY, 1782.— Obverse, two cannons in saltire, forming four spaces, in which are, re- spectively, a crown above, a pile of shot below; on one side, 17, and on the other 82. Reverse, For merit from Captain Tandy. A silver engraved medal, with loop, and flat raised rim. In the Day collection. LIBERTY RANGERS, 1797.— (i) Obverse, a harp crowned; above, Liberty Rangers; below, a wreath of laurel. Reverse, To Mr. Edward Thornton as best Marksman. Presented by the ist Company of the Liberty Rangers joth. July 1797. A silver en- graved medal, ifin. diameter. In the Murray collection. (2) 1798. — Obverse, a soldier bayonetting a rebel; above, Rebellion defeated, a harp crowned, between two laurel-branches. Reverse, To the Gentlemen of the Liberty Rangers Light Company who composed the escort to Monastereven Aug. joth. '98. This token of Affection, Regard, and Esteem is presented by Lt. Williams, who commanded the same, and ad- judged Mr. Jno. Osbrey for his skill in shooting Oct. 1*798. An engraved, oval, silver medal, with gilt frame, and ring for suspension. In the Whitaker collection. (3) 1814. — Obverse, an equestrian figure of King William III.; legend, King and Constitution. Re- verse, a soldier aiming at a target. Presented by Sergt. Cutler on the 2nd Oct: 1814 to Mr. Robert Renton Holmes of the Liberty Rangers, for his superior skill in fireing. An oval, silver, engraved medal. In the Day collection. LIBERTY (DUBLIN) VOLUNTEERS, 1780.— Obverse, an altar, having on the front a serpent in a circle, and AND DECORATIONS. 353 upon it a harp of seven strings on a hemisphere. At each side a Volunteer in uniform kneeling on the left knee and holding erect a musket, on the bayonet point of one a cap of liberty, and on the other a caduceus ; in exergue, Unite or Die. Reverse, L. V. 2nd Bat- talion Company. Thus shall tergevoise members suffer. 1780. A silver, engraved, oval medal, with loop, i§in. by ijin. LIETRIM MILITIA, 1799. — Obverse, Lietrim Militia, X Battalion, surrounding a crowned harp and sham- rocks. Reverse, For soldierly merit, awarded by Colonel Walter Jones, fth. August 1799. LIMERICK MILITIA, 1798. — Obverse, a laurel-wreath, surrounding a royal crown ; legend, To the heroes of Colooney, $th Sept., 1798. Reverse, arms of the City of Limerick, surrounded by branches of laurel and palm ; inscription, Corporation and Citizens of Limerick. A silver, struck medal, i-j^in. diameter, given to the Limerick Militia for defeating the French near Sligo. LIMERICK VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, engraved on the border, Omne liber metu and Promptus ad certamen, the centre inscribed with a harp, shamrock, and Limerick Fensible Volunteers. Reverse, engraved, This Medal of Merit is awarded to a zealous Com- rade for skill in firing at Target, ]. Ryan. Oval, 2|in. by 2in. LIMERICK INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 1776.— Obverse, The arms of the City of Limerick; above, Limerick Independent Volunteers; below, Formed Sept. 1776. Reverse, Reward of Merit. Given to Patrick O'Leary, flautist, by Colonel John Prender- gast, of the Limerick Independent Volunteers. June AA 354 BRITISH WAR MEDALS 4th. 1777. A large, silver, engraved medal, i.Sin. diameter. LIMERICK (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1776. — Obverse, a castle, with a flag flying on the central tower; above, on a scroll, Limerick Union; and in the exergue, 1776. Reverse, two hands clasped, sur- rounded by an ornamental border ; above, on a scroll, Amicitia Juncta. A silver medal, with loop for suspension. In the Day collection. LIMERICK LIGHT HORSE VOLUNTEERS, 1782. — Ob- verse, The Volunteers of Ireland, our hope, 1782. Reverse, To Micheal Boyd, the Gift of Major Edward Croker, Commanding the County of Limerick Light Horse Volunteers. LIMVADY VOLUNTEERS, 1779. — Obverse, two crossed swords, behind two crossed flags, below two drums, and in the middle a flag, with the word Meritorious engraved on it. Above, a crown, beneath two sprays of shamrock. In the exergue, Limvady Bin. of Volunteers. Reverse, The award of excellence in skill at arms, the gift of Colonel ]. Boyle to Corpl. Mea: 1779. A silver medal, 2§in. by ijin., all engraved, AND DECORATIONS. 355 with an ornamental chased rim, and loop for sus- pension. LINLITHGOW VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — A reward of merit to the best shot with ball-cartridge won by Neil Sinclair, September 1805. LISBURNE VOLUNTEERS, 1782. — Obverse, an Irish harp, crowned, on crossed flags. The reward of Merit. John Dillon. MDCCLXXXII. A circular engraved silver medal. LISDRUMHURE VOLUNTEERS, 1789. — Obverse, a chariot, horsed. Volabo ut Requiescam. Reverse, Capt. John In gram's Reward of Merit given to Vol. Jas. Callanan, if 80. An oval, silver, engraved medal, with suspender. LISLUNEY VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Obverse, Victory trampling on a man with a torch. In exergue, Vic- toria vel Mors. Patriotic conduct rewarded: James Rogers 1780. LISMORE INDEPENDENT BLUES, 1779. — Obverse, a castle, &c. 1779. God's Providence is our inheritance. Reverse, the harp. For Merit Volr. Stephen Cava- nagh was adjudged this medal by his comrades. LISNAVEIN INDEPENDENT RANGERS, 1780. — Obverse, a harp, crowned, and motto, Arma Parata Fero. Re- verse, To Robert Waddel, as an acknowledgment of his services. Given by the officers of the Company, 75 June 1780. LIVERPOOL SEA-FENCIBLES, 1808. — Obverse, Figure of Mercury, chased in relief. Reverse, Reward of Merit, 1808. A silver oval badge. LIVERPOOL VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — (i) Obverse, the arms of Colonel Bolton ; beneath, on a scroll, Royal Liverpool Volunteers. Reverse, inscribed, below a crown, Lieutenant Colonel Bolton, to Sergeant AA 2 356 BRITISH WAR MEDALS T eager, for his faithful services, August 25, 1806. A silver medal, i.6in. diameter. (2) Another to Serg1. Longivorth. LLANDAFF VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Obverse, coat of arms. Reverse, The Best Shot at Ball Practice, Cor- poral John Dames, May Firings, 1805. A silver medal. LLANDUDNO VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — A gold medal. LLANGOLLEN LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Obverse, a trophy of flags, Roman arms, &c. Above, Llan- gollen; in the centre, Loyal Volunteers, 1803. Re- verse, Presented to Evan Davis by the Officers a re- ward for his good shooting at the target. 2 Jin. diameter, with raised rim. LOCHABER VOLUNTEERS, 1799. — Obverse, a trophy of arms. Reverse, The reward of merit, and skill at arms, given to Mr. John Lacey. LODDON COMPANY VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Obverse, in the centre. G.R.; below, III.; and above, a royal crown ; a rose-branch on either side of the royal cypher, tied below; legend, Loddon Company Volunteers. Reverse, Prize-medal; on a scroll, For military merits, presented by Lieutenant Cook. Oct. 1805. below. A thin oval silver engraved medal, 2.5in. by i.8in.; a ring loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. LONDON (CITY OF) ARMED ASSOCIATION, 1795-— (i) Best shot. (2) Obverse, Westminster coat-of-arms, encircled by a laurel wreath. Reverse, Loyal Britons of West- minster, 1804, presented by Alexander Damson, to Mr. Fox, for his Great Services in raising the Regi- ment to 240. LONDON (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS (IST), 1803. — Obverse, a trophy of arms, above which is a crown, AND DECORATIONS. 357 and surrounding which is a garter inscribed, First Regiment, L.L.V. Reverse, To perpetuate the Memory of Jeremiah Toppin, as a volunteer defender of his Country, 1803. A silver medal. if in. diameter. In the Murray collection. (2ND), (i) 1804 — Obverse, the arms of the City of London, surrounded «by a garter on which is inscribed, Domine dirige nos; a royal crown above, the whole surrounded by branches of oak-leaves and acorns. Reverse, Presented to Corporal James Roy for shooting at 200 yards with ball; by the officers of the 2nd. Loyal London Volunteers. May 1804. A large, silver, engraved medal, with loop for sus- pension. In the collection of Mr. H. Gaskell. (2) 1803. — Obverse, similar to the above. Reverse, 2nd Loyal London Volunteers for exemplary merit; and skill at Arms August 1803. A silver-gilt, engraved medal, i.Sin. diameter, with thick rim. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (3RD), 1803. — Obverse, a grenade; above, Fear none; below, The London Volunteers. Outside, on a raised rim, jrd Regt. Reverse, Prize for merit and skill in firing. Won by Pr. F. Nunn, Rother- hithe, 1803. A large silver, engraved medal, 2^in. diameter, with loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (4TH), (i) 1804. — Obverse, the arms of the City of London. Reverse, qth. Regiment: London Volun- teers; Reward of merit to Mr. Abraham Carter being the best shot in the fth. Company, 2^th. July 1804, at Montpelier. A gold, engraved medal. (2) 1808. — Obverse, the arms of the City of London ; above, Fourth Regiment; below, L.L.V. Reverse, a trophy of arms and flags ; in the centre a shield, on 358 BRITISH WAR MEDALS which is engraved, Presented by Major Hodgkinson to Mr. Richd. Douglas Light Infantry Compy. being the best Shot on the qth Novr. 1808. A large silver- gilt, engraved medalj with raised rim, and ring for suspension. 2in. diameter. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (5TH), 1805. — Obverse, a trophy of flags and arms, supporting the arms of the City of London, sur- rounded by a garter engraved, F. Reg. Loyal London Volunteers. Reverse, engraved. Presented by the officers of the regiment to Thomas Upjohn of the $th. Battn. Company for the best shot. May 2nd. 1805. A gold medal, if in. diameter. In the Murray col- lection. (6TH), 1805. — Obverse, laureated head of George III. ; below, G. III. R. Reverse, within a wreath of oak, a drum, inscribed, VI. Regt. L.L. V '.; behind are the flags of England and the City of London, crossed ; below, a fasces; above is engraved, From Sir Robert AND DECORATIONS. 359 Wigram, Bart., M.P., Lieut. -Col. -Commandant. Adjudged to James Summersett. On the edge of the medal is engraved, Best shot of the $rd Com- pany, jist July, 1805. A large silver medal, with loop and ring for suspension, i.gin. diameter. (7TH), (i) 1804. — Obverse, a trophy of flags and arms ; above, fth Regiment L.L. V.I. ; on the centre of the trophy is engraved, Adjudged to Ralph Peacock. Reverse, Fifth Company. Presented by Captain Goldsmith for the best shot of that Company at the distance of 100 yards, November $th, 1804. A silver medal, oval. 2|in. by ijin. In the Murray collection-. (2) 1804. — Obverse, engraved within a border of circles, VII. RT. L.L.V.I. 2nd. Best Shot. Nov. Vth. 1804. Reverse, 2nd. Company, 2nd. Section, Won by G H Brown. A silver-gilt medal, with an ornamental loop, and ring for suspension. In the Whitaker collection. (8TH). — Obverse, in a garter the arms of London ; above, a crown. Domine dirige nos. Reverse, Pre- sented to Mr. George Dewey for shooting at 150 yards, with ball, by the Officers of the 8th. Regiment L.L.V.: 1803. A raised ornamental rim. LONDON (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS (RIVER FENCIBLES), 1804. — Obverse, in the centre, a female figure holding a wreath in her right hand, her left hand resting on an anchor at her side; above, L.L.V.; below, River Fencibles, surrounded by an ornamental scroll border. Reverse, From Commodore Lucas, awarded to Amos Peveril 16 May, 1804: For Merit. A silver, engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with an ornamental loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. LONDON (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, bust of King to left; below, G. Ill R. Reverse, a drum and 360 BRITISH WAR MEDALS flags, &c.; above, From Sir Robert Wigram, Bart., M.P., Lieut.-Col. Commandant Adjudged to Henry Le Keux of the Light Company, the whole within a wreath of oak. LOYAL LONDON (NEWINGTON) VOLUNTEERS, 1804.— Obverse, a target. Above, For skill in firing with ball; below, Annual prize medal, surrounded by a circle. Outside, above, Loyal London Volunteers; below, Newington. Reverse, Won by Pte. Charles Milne, First Company, 1804. A silver, engraved medal, 2^-in. diameter. In Colonel Gaskell's collec- tion. LONDON AND WESTMINSTER (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1813. — Obverse, a monogram composed of K.Ls. Cs. 22 May 1813. Reverse, Prize medal, surrounded by a wreath; outside, Pro Lege, Grege, Rege. R.L.W.V. if in. diameter. In the Murray collection. LONDON UNION LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1816. — Obverse, L.U.L.Vls: H. Parr, 1816. Disbanded. Reverse, A reward of emulation and soldierly conduct. A silver-gilt, engraved medal. ijin. diameter. In the Murray collection. LONDONDERRY ARTILLERY, 1782. — Obverse, a royal crown and The Volunteers of Derry Artillery Co.; on a mound, a cannon, with sponge, and pile of shot; above, a harp and shamrocks, encircled by a garter, in- scribed, Artillery Compy. Reverse, Presented to Mr. Rd. Dempsey, in gun-drill and firing at the annual practise 1*782. A pear-shaped gold medal, 2in. by i Jin., enclosed in a struck and chased floral border, with loop; loz. In the Day collection. LONDONDERRY FUSILIERS, 1778. — Third Company: the gift of Captain William Lukey : For Merit. AND DECORATIONS. 361 LONDONDERRY MILITIA, 1800. — The gift of Lt. Col: Robt: Viscount Castlereagh to Quartermaster W. Brown as a token for his services in the regiment, i8th. July, 1800. LONGFORDTOWN VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Obverse, on a background of rays, a harp, and shield of arms; below, a ribbon, Scio cut confide o ; above, Longford Town Volunteers. Reverse, For merit adjudged to Arthur Loughton: 1780. Silver, engraved, ajin. by 2in., with a raised and chased border of shamrocks. In the Day collection. LORD GALWAY'S DRAGOONS. — Obverse, Awarded to Quarter-Master ]. W. Gilroy, for Skill with the Sword. Reverse, a crown and wreath, Lord Galway's Regt. of Dragoons. A silver medal. LORHA RANGERS, 1779. — Obverse, a cutlass sus- pended from a shamrock; legend, Lorha Rangers. Loyalty. Reverse, Reward of merit to H. O'Connell, ist Company. Independence. A silver, pear-shaped medal, 2in. long, all engraved, with bright cut border. In the Day collection. LOUTH INDEPENDENT CAVALRY, 1797 .—Obverse, a Roman warrior on a winged horse; in exergue, Reward of Merit Louth Independent Volunteer Cavalry. Reverse, The gift of the Honorable Colonel Malison Mr. John Johnson for skill shewn by him at sword-exercise, at the inspection held at Theddle- thorpe, 18. May 7797. 2jin. diameter, raised rim and loop for suspension. LOWER IVEAGH LEGION, 1789. — Obverse, a mounted Volunteer in uniform, surrounded by the legend, Lower Iveagh Legion, Light Dragoons. Re- verse, Obtained by John Burn, from John Knox Esq. of Dromore, for his superior merit in the corps: iqth. 362 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Aug: 1789. A silver, engraved medal, with raised rim and loop; 2-^-in. diameter. In the Day collection. LOWESTOFT SEA FENCIBLES, 1797. — Obverse, an anchor surmounted by a crown, and surrounded by laurel-branches; above, Lowestoft; below, on a scroll, Sea Fencibles. Reverse, For skill with the great guns at the South Battery. April, 1797. A large, silver, oval medal, all engraved, with ring for suspension. MAGHERAFELT INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 1781. — (i) Obverse, two cavalry swords in saltire, over the letters M.LV.Y. for skill with broad-sword, sur- rounded by the legend, Magherafelt Independent Volunteers: 1781. Reverse, a harp, crowned; above, Pro Rege et patria; below, two sprays of shamrock. An oval, engraved, silver medal, 2jin. by ifin., with raised rim, and ring for suspension. In the Day col- lection. (2) Obverse, in the centre, Pat Fagan, for best target, 100 yards, surrounded by Magherafelt Inde- pendent Volunteers, 1781. Reverse, same as the preceding medal. An oval, engraved medal. In the Day collection. MAGUIRESBRIDGE VOLUNTEERS, 1787. — Obverse, a bridge; under it a crowned harp; in the exergue, Liberty, Fortitude, Firmness. if 79. M.G.B. Reverse, the crest of the Arbuthnot family, a pea- cock's head, and the motto, Laus Deo; above, Gabl. Toole; below, /7#7. A small, silver, engraved medal. MALLOW CAVALRY, 1783. — Obverse, in the upper angle, formed by two banners in saltire, a harp, with a wreath of shamrocks; in the lower angle, Unity; and upon the pennons the words, all. by; above, Mallow Cavalry; in the exergue, Awarded for Skill at Arms. Reverse, Won by Corporal Denis Leary. AND DECORATIONS. 363 /7#j. A silver, engraved medal, with reeded border, and loop; 2in. diameter. In the Day collection. MALLOW INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 1779.— Obverse, Mallow Independent Volunteers, a wreath of shamrock encircling a harp. Reverse, To Thomaz Cullem 7779 as best shot, surrounded by a wreath of laurel. An oval, silver, eftgraved medal, with raised border. In the Day collection. MALMESBURY VOLUNTEERS, 1799. — Won by John Peters: May igth. 1799. A large, oval medal. MANCHESTER RIFLE REGIMENT, 1804. — Obverse, a bugle ; above, Reward of Merit ; below, the recipient's name — Mr. ]. Horsfall. Reverse, Manchester Rifle Regiment, 1804. A gold medal, with red ribbon. MANCHESTER AND SALFORD VOLUNTEERS (LIGHT HORSE), 1802. — (i) Obverse, bust of George III., with letters G.R. on either side, surrounded by a circle formed of hands and hearts alternately. Reverse, A Testimony of Gratitude from his fellow-townsmen for spirited and patriotic service, 1802 ; above, on a scroll, Captain John Douglas ; below, on a scroll, Royal, and underneath, Light Horse, Manchester and Salford Volunteers. A gold medal, i.5in. diameter; also struck in white metal, and bronze. (2) Obverse, same as above. Reverse, similar, but with the words Light Horse omitted. (3) Obverse, a laureated head of King George III., The King defended, The constitution preserved. Man- chester and Salford Volunteers, embodied 1*98. Re- verse, Presented by the Officers of the Grenadier Company, 2nd Battn. Manchester and Salford Volun- teers, for uniform good conduct, 1802, surrounded by an oak-wreath. This medal was given in gold, silver, and bronze: i.35in. diameter. 364 BRITISH WAR MEDALS MANX FENCIBLES, 1801. — Obverse, in the centre, the three Legs of Man, surrounded by the legend, Manx Fencible Infantry. Reverse, Mr. Homer, best shot 1801. A small silver engraved medal with raised rim, ifin. diameter, and loop for suspension. In Dr. Payne's collection. MANX (ROYAL) FENCIBLES (2ND), 1799. — John Christian, best shot, for ball-firing. A circular silver medal. MANX VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — Obverse, the badge of the regiment, with motto, Quocunque jaceris stabit. Reverse, The Officers of the Douglas Artillery pre- sented this prise-medal to James Stocks, best shot 1800. A silver engraved medal. MANX (SOUTHERN) VOLUNTEERS, 1812. — Reverse, a soldier kneeling, and shooting at a target. Obverse, Ball-firing, 150 yards, Mr. Robert Stewart, Southern Manx Volunteers. A silver engraved medal. MARTOCK VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — An oval silver best shot medal. MARYBOROUGH VOLUNTEERS, 1789. — Obverse, the arms of Maryborough, a castle, with gateway and portcullis, with a flag flying on the battlements. Underneath, Colonel Sir ]. Parnell, Bart. En- circling the whole are two scrolls bearing the words, Maryborough Volunteers. Reverse, Reward of merit, to Mr. Sam. Tracy; being adjudged entitled thereto at a tryal match. The jrd. day of July 1789. A large silver medal, all engraved, 2.i5in. diameter, with loop for suspension. In Colonel GaskelPs collection. MARYLEBONE VOLUNTEERS, 1799. — (i) Obverse, ii the centre, a figure of the Madonna and child, ei circled by the words Mary-le-bone Volunteers, the AND DECORATIONS. 365 whole surrounded by two oak-branches, tied together. Reverse, Oct: ^799. Reward of Merit to P. A. Puzey For his service as Drill-Master, surrounded by two sprays of corn, tied together. A thin, silver en- graved medal, with thick ringed border, 2.ain. diameter, with a ring loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (2) 1803. — Obverse, in the centre, a soldier, with rifle; above, Mary-le-bone Volunteers; below, i#oj. Reverse, Presented by Colonel Lord Duncannon to Mr. Arnold for his services. A silver medal, all engraved, 2in. diameter, with raised rim, and orna- mental ring for suspension. MEATH VOLUNTEERS, 1782. — Obverse, on a shield, a castle of one tower, above it a crown, and below a wreath of shamrocks. Above the crown, Meath Volunteers. Reverse, Amos Clarke, for skill at arms. Awarded jo September, 1*782. A silver, oval engraved medal, with flat raised rim, 2 Jin. by ifin., with loop for suspension. In the Day collec- tion. MENEAGE (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Reverse, Presented to James Pascoe, trumpeter, by the Officers, sergeants, and Troopers of the Meneage a token of esteem and regard: Sept: 1804. An oval engraved silver medal. MIDLOTHIAN (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — Obverse, a volunteer firing, a camp in the background, thistles in the foreground. Reverse, George Oxley : Captn. Abbot's Compy : 6th June 1806. An oval, silver engraved medal, 2-^in. long. In the Murray collection. MIDLOTHIAN (ROYAL LOYAL) YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1808. — Obverse, a figure of Justice, surrounded by a 366 BRITISH WAR MEDALS laurel-wreath. Reverse, A reward in justice to the best Marksman in the mounted firings of the second troop of the Royal Loyal Midlothian Yeomanry Cavalry Volunteers; above, Nemo me impune lacessit; below, 1808. A silver, oval, engraved medal, 2T9g-in. by i Jin. In the Murray collection. MIDLOTHIAN VOLUNTEERS (3RD), 1803. — Obverse, in the centre, a shield, with two clasped hands; above, the sun ; below, a thistle ; motto round shield, Armis amicitiaque conjuncti; behind, a trophy of flags, pikes, cannons, and drums. Inscription round outside of medal, The Westerns; below, 2jrd November, 1803. Reverse, a view of Edinboro' ; below, in exergue, Hd. Qrs. $rd. Md. Lothian. A pewter medal; also issued in silver, if in. diameter. Ribbon, blue with red edges. MIDLOTHIAN VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1798. — Obverse, a trophy of arms, &c. Reverse, Military merit and skill at arms encouraged and rewarded. Won by Robert Walker. MILLTOWN FUZILEERS, I77Q. — Obverse, Milltown Fuzileers. Unity with reform. Reverse, The reward of merit, from Captain W. Godfrey. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter. In the Day collection, MITCHAM VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Obverse, in th< centre, a shield, on which are the letters G.R., sur- mounted by a crown. On one side of the shield, Mitcham, and on the other, Volunteers; below, tw< crossed rifles, and in the four angles, For, Skill, at the, Target. Reverse, The Gift of James Moore Esq, Major, March 1805, interspersed with scrolls ; above, The reward of; below. Merit. A silver engrave* medal, with thick raised rim, i-f|^n- diameter, with ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. AND DECORATIONS. 367 MITCHELSTOWN LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1 780. — Given by Col. H. C. Bowen to Corporal Ryan. An oval, silver engraved medal. MONOGHAN VOLUNTEERS. — An oval, silver, en- graved medal. MONTGOMERY VOLUNTEERS, 1807. — Presented by the members of the corps to Mr. Wm. Simpson 1807. Reward of Merit. MONTGOMERYSHIRE YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1820. — Obverse, a griffin; below, Anorchfygol; legend, Montgomeryshire Yeomanry Cavalry. Reverse, a wreath of oak-leaves. A silver medal, struck, ijin. diameter. MOTE LIGHT INFANTRY, 1779. — Obverse, a harp, crowned; legend, Quis separabit. Mote Light Infantry. God Save the King. Reverse, The Gift of Colonel Sir H. Lynch-Blosse, Bart. Adjudged to Patrick O' Kelly for skill at the target, August 1779. An oval, silver engraved medal, 3in. by 2jin. dia- meter, enclosed in a raised, chased, border of roses, shamrocks, and thistles, with a loop to correspond. In the Day collection. MOUNT KENNEDY (ROYAL) CORPS, 1815. — Obverse, Royal Mt. Kennedy Corps 1815. Reverse, For (General Good Conduct, 1815, surrounded by a wreath of shamrocks. A silver engraved medal, with a raised rim, and ring for suspension. MOUNTS BAY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 1810. — Chas. Hicks: Best Shot of the Regiment 1810. An oval silver medal. MUSKERRY BLUE LIGHT DRAGOONS. — Obverse, Irish Harp and Eagle. Reverse, Merit rewarded, by Colonel Robert Warren to T. More, 7779. An oval silver medal. 368 BRITISH WAR MEDALS NAAS RANGERS VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1784.— A serpent entwining the harp; motto, Prudens ut Serpens. Captain R. Neville's reward for skill at arms, adjudged to Peter Gahan 1784. NEATH VOLUNTEERS. — For ball firing, awarded to E. Jones, July 1803. A silver medal. NENAGH INFANTRY, 1780.— Obverse, a clouded sky, a gallows with rope and attached to the shaft by a dagger, a scroll, inscribed, Perinius licitis. Below the gallows a snake crowned, a skull, a thigh-bone, and an eagle; in the exergue, Nenagh Volunteers. Colonel Peter Holmes. Reverse, To James O'Brien, indefatigable champion in the cause of Irish Liberty : i?8o. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, witl rope border and rope for suspension. In the collection. NEWBERRY (LOYAL) MUSQUETEERS. — Obverse, gibbet from which is suspended an Irish harp ; at the foot of the gibbet is a female figure, and a Romai warrior on the left; legend, Loyal Newberry Musque- teers; in exergue, Vincam Vel Moriar. Reverse, reward for Zeal in the cause of Freedom adjudged t( Thos. Boyle by Adam Newman, Colonel, 17*8. 2 Jin, by ifin. NEWCASTLE VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — (i) Obverse, tower, with a lion rampant holding a flag; N.V., surrounded by a wreath ; inscription, Fortiter defendit triumphans. Reverse, a laurel-wreath, in the centi of which is inscribed, E. Smith, Right Battalion, Company No. i; and around the outside, Newcasth Volunteers, prize medal, 1801. A silver medal, engraved, 2in. diameter. (2) 1803.— Obverse, similar to the above. Reverse, G. Elliot Left Battn Company No. i; between tw< AND DECORATIONS. 369 laurel-branches, Newcastle Volunteer prize medal, 1803. A thin, oval, engraved, silver medal, 2.4in. by i-75in. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (3) 1806. — Obverse, a figure in Roman costume presenting a volunteer to Britannia; legend, Thomas Johnson, Left Batt. N.V. Dec: 24 — 1806. Reverse, Presented by Col. Clennell. England expects every man to do his duty. An engraved silver medal. NEWHAVEN SEA FENCIBLES, 1806.— Obverse, For the very handsome answer given by him for the whole corps when requested to volunteer a cruise in His Majesty's ship "Texel"; around the outside, To James Logan, Petty Officer, Sea Fencibles, Town of Newhaven, Firth of Forth. Reverse, around the outside, in a circle, Presented by Captain Jos. Brodie, R.N., to whom the answer was given; inside the circle, We will not only go, said Logan for all his townsmen, but we will go cheerfully to a man, which they did; on the 2ist. July 1806. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with loop for sus- pension. NEWRY INFANTRY REGIMENT, 1786. — Obverse, on a sunk centre, a rifleman at attention ; in the back- ground, on a hill, four tents; on the left, a hill with a square target; above, G.R.; below, a scroll, in- scribed, Newry Infry Regt.; legend, Volunteers of Ireland. Reverse, Presented to Ensign G. Foy for merit in the annual trial, C. F. Platoon firing, August 1786. Silver, oval, struck, and engraved, floral border and loop. NEWRY RANGERS, 1779. — Obverse, a crown; below, 1779; above, Newry Rangers. Reverse, Awarded to P. Hanlon Esq : Merit. From Captain Benson. A silver engraved medal, if in. diameter, BB 370 BRITISH WAR MEDALS with grained edge, and large oval loop for suspension, grained to match the medal. In the Day collection. NEWRY TROOP OF RANGERS, 1781. — Awarded by Captn. Thos : Benson to James Driscoll; in exergue, Ut tibi sic Alteri. NEWRY VOLUNTEERS (3RD COMPANY), 1780. — Ob- verse, St. Patrick seated, holding a harp and a crook, on the left a tree; in the exergue the word, Mourne; above, Newry third Volunteer Company 1780. Re- verse, Captain David Bell commanding jrd. Co : Newry Vols : Bestowed this medal upon Thos. Carson, a reward of merit. Silver medal, all engraved, 2 Jin. diameter. NEWRY (LOCAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1784. — Obverse, upon a mound, a lion rampant holding a spear and garter, surrounding a shamrock, and inscribed, Audentes fortuna juvat ; and close to the hind feet of the lion a live shell and pile of shot. In the back- ground are two banners in saltire, having in the space between the flags a harp, and above, Loyal Newry Volunteers; below 2nd. Compy. Reverse, The gift of the Officers to Sergt. A Michel as a reward for his efforts in drilling and instructing the Company March 1784. An oval, gold engraved medal, loz. 6dwt., having a chased rim and loop, 2|in. by ifin. In the Day collection. NEWTON AND WALLACETOWN (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Won by Hugh Ackers. NEWTONARDS YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1805. — Obverse, a harp and crown, and G.R., surrounded by a garter, inscribed, Newtonards Yeomanry Cavalry. Reverse, Presented to Mr. John Porlock, March 15. 1805. NITHSDALE BATTALION, 1808. — Obverse, a soldier firing. Reverse, James Gunzion, best shot, Nithsdale AND DECORATIONS. 371 Battalion, 1808. An oval, silver medal, with both sides engraved, ijin. by i^in. NORFOLK (LOYAL) YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1796. — Obverse, a mounted trooper; above, Loyal Norfolk Yeomanry ; in the exergue, MDCCXCVI. Reverse, a trophy of arms and a drum ; inscription, Blofield Cavalry, fifth troop. A small, silver medal, i.iin. diameter; also met with in bronze. Possibly tokens. NORTH BRITISH VOLUNTEERS (2ND), 1799. — The gift of the Officers to R. McKenzie a reward for skill at arms 1*99. NORTH BRITON (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1812. — Pre- sented to Andrew Robertson, reward of merit, May 2?th. 1812. NORTH LINCOLN LEGION, 1803. — An oval, engraved silver medal. Best Shot. NORTH SOMERSET YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1814. — (i) Obverse, G.R., in the centre; on the arms of the cross, Arma, Pads, Fulcra. Reverse, in the centre, /#/4; on the arms, N.S.Y.C. Sword practice prize. A silver engraved cross. (2) 1815. — Obverse, a lion rampant, supporting a garter surrounding the royal cypher, G.R.; below, Forward; in the exergue, N.S.Y.C. Reverse, on a wreath, North Somerset. Awarded to ]. Cooper, Esq. i8th December, 1815. A silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter, with hinged loop. In the Day collection. (3) 1817. — Obverse, in the centre, Sword Practice, and on the four arms of a Maltese cross, Pro; Rege; Lege; Grege. Reverse, in centre, 1817, with N.S.Y.C.; Arma, Pads, Fulcra, on the arms. A silver, engraved cross, i^-in. square. In»the Murray collection. BB 2 372 BRITISH WAR MEDALS NORTH RIDING REGIMENT OF VOLUNTEERS 1811. — For Military Merit, awarded to John Taylor. NORTH RIDING VOLUNTEERS, 1811. — Obverse, a soldier firing. Reverse, First Shot of Capt. Frank- land's Compy : of North Riding Volunteer Infantry 1811. Silver, and engraved, very thin, ijin. diameter, ring for suspension, engraved border on both sides. NORTHFLEET VOLUNTEERS, 1796. — Obverse, a shield on which is St. Andrew's cross; above, a crown, with laurel wreath surrounding the whole; above, on a scroll, Badge of Honor; below, on a similar scroll, Northfleet Volunteers. Reverse, Presented by Major W. H. Birch to be won by the best marksman of the corps: 1796. A silver oval medal, 2jin. by if in., all engraved, with a twisted cord border, and loop for suspension. NORTHUMBERLAND LOYAL ARMED ASSOCIATION, 1800. — Obverse, The North Regiment: Ball firing at wo yds. Reverse, Awarded to Capt. S. Fenwickf winner of the Officer's Shooting Match : 1800. An oval medal, suspended from the minor axis. NORTHUMBERLAND YEOMANRY, 1838. — Obverse, Crest of the Bell family. Reverse, Presented by Lt. Col. Bell M.P. of the N.N.Y.C.: to John Cummings, for the best shot at a Target: 6 Oct. 1838. Silver-gilt medal, with chased border and buckle, if in. diameter. NORTHUMBERLAND VOLUNTEERS (IST REGIMENT), 1811. — Obverse, a shield, crowned, and inscribed, G.R., supported by Britannia and a Volunteer. Re- verse, Presented by Major R. Cluterbrick to George Reed a reward of Skill at arms : August 1811. NORTHWK:H CAVALRY, 1799. — The gift of the Officers of the Regiment to Mr. William Twemlow, AND DECORATIONS. 373 for his services to the Regiment, October 1799. Hall- marked silver medal. NORWICH (LOYAL) MILITARY ASSOCIATION, 1797. — Obverse, a soldier standing at attention, a camp in the background, and beyond Norwich Cathedral and Castle; below, 1797; around the outside, 'Norwich Loyal Military Association. Reverse, a castle on which are four flags; below, a lion. Legend, Patriae et decus et tutemen. A silver-gilt medal, ijin. diameter. It is doubtful whether this is a medal, or a token of the period. NORWICH VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Obverse, Volunteer firing to the right; Norwich Battalion Volunteer Infantry; in the exergue, Ball-practise. Reverse, Presented by Captain Coke to the best shot of the Battalion within a laurel-wreath. A thin, oval, silver engraved medal. NOTTINGHAMSHIRE RIFLEMEN, 1810. — Reverse, a soldier kneeling and taking aim ; above, Nottingham- shire Riflemen; in the exergue, MDCCCX. Obverse, a target, rifle, bugle, and military cap, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A silver medal, 2jin. diameter; also met with in pewter. NOTTINGHAMSHIRE YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1802. — (i) Obverse, a bust of George III.; legend, Georgius III. Rex.; below, MDCCCII. Reverse, an oak- tree, The Greendale Oak; on the trunk, Foi, Lot, Roi; above, Notts Yeomanry. A silver medal, i.4in. diameter, given in 1802 ; also given in gold to the officers. (2) 1800. — A silver cross, ijin. square. Obverse, N.Y.C.; in the centre, a trophy of arms. Reverse, Foi, Lot, Roi; on the arms, in the centre, 1800. In the Murrav collection. 374 BRITISH WAR MEDALS NUNEATON VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1800. — Reward of merit: established 1800 Nuneaton troop of Volunteer Cavalry to trooper William Perkins, a mark of esteem. OAKFIELD VOLUNTEER COMPANY, 1798. — Obverse, a Scotch thistle, surmounted by a royal crown ; legend, Oakfield Volunteer Company. Reverse, The reward of attention to duty, presented by Captn John McNeil to Daniel Rankin, 1798; on a scroll above, Prize-medal; below, two palm-branches. A thin, oval, silver, engraved medal, 2.3in. by i.6in., with ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. OFFERLANE BLUES, 1776. — Obverse, in the field, a ribbon, so twisted as to represent the letter " S," with the motto inscribed upon it, In utroque fidelis Anno Dmi. 1776 (in either issue faithful); and between the curves of the letter a crown and harp. Reverse, on the rim, Commanded by Colonel Luke Flood; and, in the centre, P.M., 1*776; upon a banner a laurel-wreath, inscribed, Reward of Merit. Silver engraved medal, 2in. in diameter, with the centre sunk, and protected by a flat, hall-marked, raised rim, with Offerlane Blues, engraved thereon. OLNEY TROOP OF CAVALRY, 1797. — Reward of merit : adjudged to Mr. M. Home. ORION GRENADIERS. — R. Dempsey, Merit Re- warded. An oval medal. OSWESTRY VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Reward of Merit 1802. OUSE AND DERWENT VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — Obverse, in the centre, a shield, on which is inscribed, Ouse and Derwent, 1806, surmounted by a crown, and surrounded by laurel-branches; behind, six flags; and below, on a scroll, Volunteers. Reverse, Presented to Mr. Pearson, best shot by Major Wycliffe. A silver AND DECORATIONS. 375 engraved medal, 2 Jin. diameter, with raised, flat rim, and loop for suspension. OUZEL GALLEY VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, a ship in full sail, with motto, Steady. Reverse, a figure of Justice, Cuique Suum. A gold medal. OXFORD LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1796. — Obverse, a soldier in the uniform *f the period, holding in his left hand a bugle, on the banner of which are the letters G.R., with a crown above; above, the legend, Oxford Light Dragoons; in the exergue, two crossed swords, hilts upwards; and below, the word Practice. Reverse, Prize: First troop. The gift of Coin. Hon. Thos. Parker. May ist. 1796. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter, with a raised rim, and loop for suspension. OXFORD LOYAL CAVALRY, 1805. — Reward of Merit 1805: adjudged to George Ray. An oval silver medal, with an ornamental border. OXFORDSHIRE YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1798. — Obverse, Oxfordshire Yeomanry Cavalry around, in old Eng- lish characters, For our King, our Laws, our Land, the whole within a corn-wreath. Reverse, Watlington Division Troop ; around, in old English characters, Raised 1798, dissolved 1824.. A struck medal, if in. diameter. PASSAGE UNION, 1781. — Obverse, a soldier holding a rifle in his left hand, and pointing with his right to an altar, on which is a scroll, inscribed, Ne tentes aut perfice, and transfixed by a dagger; above, Passage Union; and, in the exergue, /7#j. Reverse, Passage Union: Major M. Parker merit, to P. Kenny. With loop and raised rim, ijin. diameter, all engraved. PEEBLESSHIRE VOLUNTEERS, 1810. — Reverse, Ad- judged to Jas. Aitchieson Best Shot: ist. Company. 376 BRITISH WAR MEDALS PEMBROKE LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1809. — Won by Thomas Lewis, igth July 1809, for skill at arms. PEMBROKESHIRE LOCAL REGIMENT, 1812. — Best Shot, presented to Wm. Dams, 1812. All engraved. PENRITH VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1811. — An oval medal, given to Henry Tickler. PENRYN VOLUNTEERS, 1794. — (i) Obverse, a trophy of arms ; in the centre, a warrior's head ; above, Penryn Volunteers; in the exergue, First inroled April j, 1794. Reverse, a coat of arms; above, Pro rege et populo; in exergue, Lord Dunstanville, Colonel. A bronze medal, or token, i.iin. diameter; also met with in silver. (2) Obverse, the arms of Lord de Dunstanville, with supporters; above, on a garter, Pro rege et populo. Reverse, Penryn Volunteers. Reward of Merit, from Colonel Lord de Dunstanville. A silver medal, cast and chased, ijin. diameter. PERCY TENANTRY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 1808. — Obverse, Ball-firing prize. Reverse, Mr. M. Morri- son, Best Shot of Regiment. AND DECORATIONS. % 377 PERTH PIKEMEN, 1804. — Obverse, engraved with a Rifleman in plaid, with thistles in a wreath, and Perth Pikemen. Reverse, Presented by Colonel Duke of Atholl to Mr. McLeod for Merit, 1804. With rope pattern border. PERTH (ROYAL) REGIMENT OF VOLUNTEERS, 1812. — For good shooting and soldierly merit D. Gardiner: 1812. PETERBORO' VOLUNTEERS, 1810. — Obverse, the Prince of Wales' feathers and motto. Below, Peter- borough Volunteers, 1810, the whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, Presented to Mr. William Johnson, the best shot, by Major Walcot Squire, 15 September. A silver engraved medal, i-f$in. diameter, with loop for suspension. PETERHEAD VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Allan McLean. PIMLICO, or QUEEN'S ROYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — Obverse, the royal arms, surrounded by Queen's Royal Volunteers; below, ist Battn. Reverse, Given by Captain Granville to I. Simpson; above, Prize Medal; below, 6th. April 1804. A large, silver engraved medal. In the Whitaker collection. PLYMOUTH ARTILLERY VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Obverse, an artilleryman standing behind a gun. Reverse, Prize for skilful gunnery, won by Mr. Ross, 1805. An oval silver medal, all engraved, 2^in. by ifin., with suspender from the minor axis. PLYMOUTH INDEPENDENT RANGERS, 1799. — Reverse, the arms of Plymouth, with motto, Turris fortissima est nomen Jehovae. Plymouth Independt. Rangers; on a scroll, above, Victory or death. Reverse, Reward of merit, awarded to Mr. Thomas Partridge for his skill at arms, Plymouth ]une i$th 1799, within an oak- wreath. An oval, engraved, silver medal. 378 BRITISH WAR MEDALS PONTEFRACT VOLUNTEERS, i8oo. — Obverse, a soldier supporting a shield, on which is the monogram G.R., surmounted by a crown. On either side, Pontefract Volunteers, and below, on a scroll, Hora E. Sempre. Reverse, in the centre, The Reward of Merit, 1800, surrounded by a laurel-wreath ; outside, a circle, on which is engraved, The Gift of the Officers of the Regiment : i2th September. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with a loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. POPLAR AND BLACKWALL (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1799. — Obverse, G.IILR.; a crown above; Merit, below. Reverse, L.P.B.V. 1*799; above, Pro Patria.; on the edge, A reward for the best shot; distance 100 yds. A large, silver engraved medal, 2.i5in. diameter, with raised rim, and an ornamental loop and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. PORTSOKEN WARD VOLUNTEERS, 1799. — Obverse, a wreath enclosing a garter, on which is inscribed, Pro Rege et Patria; in the centre, P.W.V. ; above, a crown. Reverse, Awarded to Henry Brymer : best shot. 8 May 1799; around, Prize medal for skill at Ball-practice. A silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter. In the Murray collection. PRESTON VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, a flag sup- ported by a lion and a volunteer. Inscription, Sub hoc signo vinces. Reverse, Prize medal given by Colonel Grimshaw to be shot for at the monthly firings instituted Sep. 1804. PRINCE OF WALES' LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1804.— (i) Obverse, the Star of the Garter, surrounded by a garter, inscribed, Prince of Wales' Loyal Volun- teers; above, the Prince of Wales' plumes and AND DECORATIONS. 379 motto, and surrounded by flags and arms. Reverse, Presented by Captn. Blagrave to Richard Lewis of the third company, for the best shot at a target on the 2nd day of May 1804. A silver medal, the obverse in relief, the reverse engraved. (2) 1804. — Obverse, the Star of the Order of the Garter, surrounded by a 'garter and Prince of Wales' Loyal Volunteers, upon a trophy ; a crown, plumes, two bugles, and motto, Ich dien, above. Reverse, Presented by Captn. Groves to Sergt. Alexr. Brown, of the Light Company, for the best shot at a target, on the qth day of May, 1804. A large, silver-gilt engraved medal. (3) 1809. — Obverse, the Star of the Garter, behind a Union Jack and a red ensign; above, the Prince of Wales' plumes and motto; below, on a scroll, P.W.L.V. Reverse, Prize medal given by the officers of the Regt. August 1809. A silver medal, ifin. diameter, all engraved, with raised rim, and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. PRINCE OF WALES' VOLUNTEERS, 1799. — Obverse, in the centre P.W.V. within a garter inscribed Pro Rege et Patria. Crowned and surrounded by a laurel- wreath. Reverse, Prize medal for skill at Ball Prac- tice: Awarded to Henry Brymer : best shot 8th. May 7799. A silver medal, all engraved. PRINCESS CHARLOTTE'S VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, the Prince of Wales' crest; above, Princess Char- lotte's; below, Regiment of Volunteers. Reverse, The gift of Captain P. D. Hunt to Mr. Wm. Houlder, best shot of the regiment: May 1814. A large silver medal, all engraved, 2 Jin. diameter, with raised ornamental rim. 38o BRITISH WAR MEDALS PURFLEET RIFLE COMPANY. — (i) Obverse, three riflemen, target, etc. Reverse, Best shot at rifle-prac- tice, Pur fleet, 2jrd. July 1850. On edge, Presented by W. C. Jay Captain of the rifle Company to E. Reilly. A silver-gilt, engraved medal. (2) Obverse, arms : To E. M. Reilly, gold medal shot for by 23 gentlemen of Erith, June 1852. Re- verse, Presented by the Officers of the Yager C Com- pany. QUEEN'S COUNTY MILITIA. — From Colonel Coote, for Merit. QUEEN'S ROYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — (i) Obverse, 2nd Battn. Queen's Royal Volunteers, surrounded by two laurel-branches. Reverse, Given by Lt.-Coln. Wilson to Corporal Thos. Wise, for the best shot from Captn. Losack's Compy : on the 24 day of Sept. 1804. A thin, silver-gilt engraved medal, i.6in. diameter, with thick rim, and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (2) 1804. Obverse, the royal arms, surrounded by the legend, Queen's Royal Volunteers ist Battn. Reverse, Prize medal given by Captn. Granville : 6th April 1804. On the edge, Second prize, adjudged to be won by (name erased). A silver engraved medal, 2jin. diameter. In the Murray collection. RADNORSHIRE VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — For prise- firing. RALPH'S DALE VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Obverse, the rising sun, above the harp ; motto Lumen Accipe et imperiti; on a scroll below Ralph's Dale Grenadiers. Reverse, Won by Maurice Mahon, Volunteer and patriot a reward of merit, 1780. Silver, oval, 2fin. by 21is-in., with protecting rim of leaf work. In the Day collection. AND DECORATIONS. 381 RATHAGAN VOLUNTEERS, 1782. — True Merit re- warded; C. Walsh. An oval silver medal, all en- graved. RATHDOWN CAVALRY, 1796. — Obverse, a crown, 1796; above, Rathdown; below, Cavalry. Reverse, Skill at Arms, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A silver engraved medal,* ijin. diameter. In the Murray collection. RATHDOWN VOLUNTEERS, 1776. — Obverse, an Irish harp, crowned, and surrounded by the legend, Rath- down Volunteers. Reverse, in the centre, Colonel ]. Palmer. Above, a shamrock; below, 1776. Out- side all, Merit Rewarded. A silver engraved medal i|in. diameter, with raised rim and ring for suspen- sion. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. RATHFRILAND VOLUNTEERS, 1781. — Obverse, an allegorical subject with motto Mortens sed invictus. Given to John Banim by Capt. Samuel Barber a reward for patriotism and military ardour , 1781. RATHKEALL VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Obverse, figures of an Officer and private of the Corps. Reverse, an Irish harp, Col. Leake's reward of Merit, given to James Moore. An oval, silver, engraved medal, with an ornamental border, 3§in. by 2fin. READING VOLUNTEERS (IST BATTALION), 1804.— Best Marksman ball practice, i2th. June 1804.: James Sutton. RENFREWSHIRE INFANTRY, 1804. — Obverse, the Prince of Wales' plumes surrounded by a garter, on which is engraved Renfrewshire Yeomanry Infantry. Reverse, qth. Company; Abr. Auchinloss, Best Marksman, 1804. A silver engraved medal. In Captain Stansfeld's collection. 382 BRITISH WAR MEDALS RICHMOND VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — (i) Obverse, within a wreath of laurel, The Reward of Merit. Reverse, The gift of Lt.-Coln. Hardy, Inspg. Field-officer, to Rd. Harris. Richmond Vols. i^th. May 1804. A silver medal, both sides engraved, i.gin. diameter. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (2) A similar medal, having the obverse and reverse the same as the above, but presented to Thomas Campbell, and smaller in diameter, 4 June, 1811. (3) In the Whitaker collection there is a similar medal, given to Sergt. Wm. Freeland; 4 June, 1811. RIDDELSTOWN HUSSARS, 1783. — Obverse, on an oval escutcheon, supported by two banners in saltire the word merit; below, The Riddelstown Hussars. Above, a harp, with shamrocks, and over all, on a ribbon, United so fearless. Below, on a flat raised rim, Presented by Colonel G. B. Blennerhasset. Reverse, within a Chippendale border, The award for skill at arms won by Mr. Th. McKinny 1783. 3^g-in. diameter, silver, all engraved, with square loop for suspension. In the Day collection. RINGWOOD (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Obverse, a crown; below, in gold letters, Pro Rege et con- stitutione. Reverse, Awarded to Capt. W. Baldwin Loyal Ringwood Volunteers. 1802. 2in. diameter, with loop for suspension. The front is opal glass with crown and inscription painted on. Behind it is a radiated plate to give an iridescent appearance as the light strikes it. The reverse is engraved in running hand on a convex gold-plate, which is bent over the glass to form a rim for the obverse. RIPON LIGHT INFANTRY, 1800. — Mr. Thos. Walker: Best Shot of the Company 1800. AND DECORATIONS. 383 ROCHDALE (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1795. — Obverse, a crown, surmounted by a lion ; above the inscription, Royal Rochdale Volunteers, and below on a scroll, To the best shot. Reverse, Won by Captn. James Taylor. September 1795. A- small silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter, with raised rim, and loop and ring for suspension. ROCHDALE VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — Obverse, a coat of arms with two soldiers as supporters, and a crest, a hand with a heart in the centre; above, /. H.; in the exergue, P L M. Reverse, A reward of merit, regi- mental lodge: Rochdale Volunteers, 1798. A silver engraved medal, with two convex sides, and raised rim if in. diameter, with ring for suspension. ROSANALLIS VOLUNTEERS, 1776. — Obverse, Alle- gorical design, Fortis est veritas. Reverse, Capt. Sabotier's Reward of merit, presented to Stephen Roche 1776. ROSCOMMON MILITIA. — (i) Obverse, an Irish harp surmounted by a crown. Above, on a scroll, Ros- common; below, on a similar scroll, Militia. Reverse, on an entwined scroll, Reward of merit. Above, By Colonel; below, Earl of Kingstown. A large, round, silver medal, both sides engraved. (2) Obverse, The Roscommon Militia: A Reward of Merit, No. 2., surrounded by a wreath. Reverse, Colonel the Earl of Kingston, within a wreath. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter. In the Murray collection. Ross CARBERRY VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, Volunteer and female figure; Pace et Bella Paratus in exergue, Reverse, Prize medal for Skill at Arms given by Colonel Hungerford to Thos. Redmond ij8o. In original red leather case; very fine. A silver medal. 384 BRITISH WAR MEDALS ROXBOROUGH FENCIBLES, 1798. — Obverse, a trophy of arms, flags, &c. : G.R. in centre. Reverse, Rox- burgh Fencibles, Merit rewarded 179$: M. N. Hillier. An oval, silver, engraved medal. ROYAL GUARDS (THE). — Obverse, a figure of Minerva, facing left, in chain armour, in her1 right hand an open book, and in her left a shield charged with the head of Medusa, and beside her an owl. On a tree to the left are three shields, on one of which is a lion ; on another the Royal Arms ; and on the third two crossed keys. Reverse, Marten Bray: Royal Guards, surrounded by a wreath, half of ivy and half of olive leaves. A silver medal, 2in. diameter, pierced for suspension. Obverse struck, name, &c., engraved. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. ROYAL OAK INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 1781.— Obtained by John Smith Esq. from Colonel Cornelius Bolton, for merit in the Light Company of the Royal Oak Independent Volunteers, 2fth. March ij8i. ROYAL YORK MARY-LE-BONE VOLUNTEERS, 1803.— Obverse, the arms of the Duke of York. Reverse, The best shot of the Light Company: R.Y.M.V. Mr. R. Bloivfeld made the best score at the shooting match held at Highgate, on Wednesday iqth. Oct: 1803. RUTLAND LEGION, 1817. — Obverse, two crosse< swords, surmounted by a crown ; on either side R.L.; below, the Prince of Wales' plumes, 1817 Pro Rege et Populo. Reverse, Pegasus, and scrol inscribed, To the most worthy; above, Nile Conscin Sibi. An oval, gilt medal, engraved, i.65in. On the medals given in 1819, the words pro rege, AND DECORATIONS. 385 &c., are omitted on the obverse, and the motto on the reverse. RUTLAND LEGION RIFLEMEN, 1796. — (i) Obverse, a* head of George III., Georgius III., del gratia. Reverse, a circular target, surrounded by the words, Rutland Legion Riflemen. A silver medal ijin. diameter, suspended frem a bar inscribed, Good Conduct. Ribbon red. (2) In the Day collection there is a medal with the words Good Conduct engraved on the reverse. RYE LOYAL ASSOCIATION, 1803. — Obverse, the arms of Rye; above, Rye Loyal; below, Association. Reverse, The Reward of Merit is adjudged to Mr. S. Nutter, for his skill at arms ; i2th. July, 1803. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter. SADBORROW YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1823.— Obverse, a mounted trooper; legend, Pro lege, Rege. grege ; in the exergue, 182 3. Reverse inscribed, Presented to for twenty years' service in the Sadborrow Yeomanry, raised at their own expense, Anno domini, 1803. A silver medal, if in. diameter. SADLER'S SHARPSHOOTERS, 1802. — Obverse, a soldier firing, in the background tents and hills; above, Sadlers Sharpshooters; below, Best shot at ball practice. Reverse, Awarded to Corp. Wm. Staples for the Best Target at 100 yards. September 3oth. 1802. A large, silver engraved medal (2in. diameter), with raised rim, and ornamental loop and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's col- lection. ST. ANDREW'S VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — The saint on a cross, and motto Dum spiro spero. reward (f merit, Target practice won by David Graham 1806. cc 386 BRITISH WAR MEDALS ST. GEORGE'S, HANOVER SQUARE, LIGHT INFANTRY, 1798. — Obverse, an eight-pointed star, with crown above. In the centre, on a garter, Pro Rege, Lege et Patria, surrounding St.G.V. Reverse, Presented to Mr. Thos. Walshe for his skill at Ball practice 25th August 1798, surrounded by 'St. George's Hanover Square Light Infantry. A silver engraved medal ly^in. diameter. In the Murray collection. ST. JAMES'S VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Obverse, a port- cullis and chains, surmounted by a crown and sur- rounded by laurel-branches. Above, St. James's Volunteers. Reverse, The Reward of Merit: Ball Practice: 1801 : adjudged to Corpl. W. Lock, May 21 st. A large, silver engraved medal, with raised rim, and ornamental loop for suspension. AND DECORATIONS. 387 ST. JOHN'S (SOUTHWARK) VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Obverse, G.R. crowned, in the centre of an inscribed band, A reward of merit and skill, within a four- pointed star with flames issuing from the angles. Reverse, The gift of Captain David King, com- manding a Corps of Loyal Volunteers of St. John's, Southwark, to Peter Barnes, June 2nd, 1803. ST. OLAVE'S VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — (i) Obverse, a crown, surrounded by a garter inscribed, St. Olave's Volunteers, around which is the legend, Pro Rege et Patria, and a wreath. Reverse, Henry Strange: Captain Green commanding: May 179$ ; surrounded by Best Shot at Ball Practice: The Light Company. A silver-gilt engraved medal, ifin. diameter. In the Murray collection. (2) 1810. Obverse, Prize Medal. Pro Rege et Patria, surrounded by St. O.L.V. Southwark Divi- sion G.III.R. Reverse, Awarded to Mr. William Porter, the best marksman. No. 2. Company Nov: 1810. A silver- engraved medal, if in. diameter. In the Murray collection. ST. PANCRAS VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — (i) Obverse, in the centre the monogram, G.R., surmounted by a crown and surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Outside, in a circle, St. Pancras Volunteers. Reverse, The gift of Captn. Le Jeune to Sergt. ]. Hart of the first company ; being the best shot. i2th. Sept. 1800. A silver engraved medal, i.75in. diameter, with raised rim, and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (2) 1811. — Obverse, a wreath of oak-leaves and acorns, in the centre of which is inscribed, S. P. V. ; above is a royal crown ; below, Our country. Reverse, Presented by the Society of Non-commissioned CC 2 388 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Officers, S.P.V., to W. V. Barenger, of the jrd Company, being the best shot not entitled to the commissioned officers' prizes, October 2nd, 1811. A silver medal, engraved, 2§in. diameter. ST. SEPULCHRE'S VOLUNTEERS, 1799. — (i) Reverse, The gift of Captain Hodgkinson to James Wells Esq: for merit in the corps 19 June 1799. (2) Another, To the best shot for the year 1805. SERGTJ.HART SALTASH COMPANY OF CORNISH VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — Military Merit rewarded: Wm. Shapcott, Cor- poral. SANQUHAR VOLUNTEERS, 1806. — Best Shot. SCARBOROUGH CAVALRY, 1809. — Reward of Merit. Mr. Wm. Moorsom, of the Scarborough Troop of Cavalry, was awarded this prize medal, for correct shooting with the carbine July 1809. An oval, silver, engraved medal. SELKIRKSHIRE VOLUNTEERS, 1807. — Obverse, Leal to the Border. Reverse, The Light Company's re- ward of merit Allan Graham, best shot 1807. I AND DECORATIONS. 389 SHANNON SEA-FENCIBLES, 1796. — Obverse, a mer- maid on a ducal coronet, holding a mirror in the left and a comb in the right hand, surrounded by a garter charged, Certari et vici. Reverse, Given by General Smith to the Shannon Sea-Fen cibles : a reward for skill at gun practice 1*796. An oval, silver, engraved medal, with loop for* suspension, formed of two convex plates, 3Jin. by 2jin., united at the edge by a protecting flange, fin. wide. In the Day collection. SHEERNESS VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1801. — Obverse, a soldier supporting a shield, dated 1801, within a wreath. Reverse, Sheerness Volunteer Cavalry: Merit rewarded. An oval silver medal. SHEERNESS VOLUNTEERS, 1807. — Obverse, a royal crown, encircled by two laurel-branches, tied below; legend, Sheerness Volunteers, an ornamental border 390 BRITISH WAR MEDALS surrounding the whole. Reverse, Prize 'medal for skill at Arms. The gift of Captn. ]. Williams, i2th Sept 1807, within an ornamental border. A thin, silver, engraved medal, i.yin. diameter; ring loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. SHEFFIELD (LOYAL) INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 1797. — (i) Obverse, a figure of Britannia seated, and handing a rifle to a young warrior, a ship in the distance. Reverse, To ]. Hallot, the first shot in the Company, L.I.S. V. A large, silver medal : the obverse embossed, the reverse engraved. 2§in. diameter. In the Murray collection. (2) A variety of this medal, in Dr. Payne's collec- tion, is shown on page 389. (3) Obverse, a soldier in the act of firing, in the distance an encampment ; above, Best shot at Ball- practice. Reverse, a crown above a garter, charged with Honi soit qui mal y pense, in relief. In the centre engraved, Won by Wm. Darivent of Captn. AND DECORATIONS. 391 Read's Company, June qth 1804. Outside the circle is engraved, Sheffield Volunteer Infantry. A silver medal. In Dr. Richard's collection. SHEFFIELD VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — (i) Obverse, in relief, Reward for Good Conduct, within a wreath; below, 1803. Reverse, Sheffield Volunteers. The recipient's name and company engraved on the edge. (2) 1813. — Obverse, S. L. Volunteer Infantry 1813. Reverse, Reward of Merit. SHERWOOD RANGERS, 1821. — (i) Obverse, a mounted soldier; in a garter above, Sherwood Rangers' Yeomanry. Reverse, For long service and good conduct in the Sherwood Yeomanry Cavalry. A small, bronze medal. (2) Obverse, a mounted soldier; above, on a scroll, Loyal until death. Reverse, For Long service and good conduct in the Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry Cavalry. A bronze medal. In the Murray collection. (3) Obverse, a mounted yeoman ; above, England for Ever. Reverse, in the centre, For Skill. S.R.Y.R.; above, Loyal until death; below, two laurel-branches. A silver medal, if in. diameter. SHIELDS AND TYNEMOUTH VOLUNTEERS, 1809.— For the encouragement of good shooting won by G. N. Renshaw: Sept. 1809. SHOREDITCH VOLUNTEERS, 1812. — Obverse en- graved, Shoreditch Volunteers Light Company. Presented to Mr. William Hale; being the best shot at a target; August wth. 1812. Reverse, plain. A large, silver medal, 3in. diameter, with fluted orna- mental border; a loop and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. SHROPSHIRE VOLUNTEERS, 1807. - - Obverse, a garter crowned, and inscribed Shropshire Volunteers. 392 BRITISH WAR MEDALS In the centre, St. George's Cross; behind, on either side, a Union Jack and a Red Ensign. Reverse, This prize-medal was 'won by James Aris of the Uffington Company, August 1807. A silver engraved medal, 2jin. diameter, with raised ornamental border, and ring for suspension. SIDMOUTH LOYAL ARTILLERY, 1802.— (i) Obverse, G. jR., crowned, between two laurel-branches, sur- rounded by Sidmouth Loyal Artillery. Reverse, Adjudged to Henry Hunt for his proficiency at Gun Practice, loth. May 1802. An oval, silver, engraved medal, 2jin. by i|in., with loop for suspension. AND DECORATIONS. 393 (2) Silver badge, awarded as first prize to Gunner George Smith. SKREEN DRAGOONS, 1784. — Obverse, the lion of England ; legend, Fear not, but dare. Skreen Dragoons. Reverse, A Reward for skill at arms, from Captn. ]. Cheney. A silver engraved rnedal, ijin. diameter. In the Day collection. SKYRACK (YORKS) VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. - Adjudged by the unanimous vote of the members of the Corps to Mr. Fredk. Simpson, Best Shot, Easter firings: 1811. An oval, silver, engraved medal. SLIGO LOYAL AND INDEPENDENT REGIMENT, 1780. — A silver regimental medal For Soldierly Merit John Carmichael, given by Colonel Ormsby. SLIGO LOYAL AND INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Obverse, an old tower with a tree overhanging; a hare running to the left; surrounded by the inscrip- tion, Sligo Loyal and Independent Volunteers. Pateris igento quam vi. Engraved, 2 Jin. diameter, raised rim and loop. SLIGO MILITIA, 1798. — Obverse, an Irish harp with crown; above, Sligo; below, Militia. Reverse, on a scroll, Reward of Merit, surrounded by By the Right Honourable Colonel King. A silver engraved medal, i-95in. diameter, with raised rim and ring for suspension. In the Day collection. SMALL COUNTY UNION LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1780. — Obverse, upon two banners in saltire a laurel-wreath enclosing a garter with the motto, Quis Separabit. Above, Small County Union; below, 1780, Light Dragoons. Reverse, An award of merit: for skill broadsword: F. Hogan 2nd. 2 Jin. diameter, with raised rim and loop; bronze; all engraved. In the Day collection. 394 BRITISH WAR MEDALS SMALL COUNTY UNION, 1787. — The gift of Colonel John Grady. SOMERSET HOUSE VOLUNTEERS. — (i) A silver-gilt 1 and paste star of sixteen points, the centre enamelled | with the Royal arms within a garter. Motto, Honi soil qui mal y pense in gold on blue enamel. Reverse, \ Captain W. Stirling, Somerset House Volunteers. (2) 1805. — Obverse, an altar, surmounted by a crown and cushion, and inscribed, Reward of Merit ;1 behind, flags, arms, &c. ; in the exergue, Somerset House Volunteers. Reverse, Presented by Col. Sirm A. S. Hammond to Mr. Pheney, Secretary to the Corps, in recognition of the Zeal displayed in dis- f charge of his duties, 1805. A silver engraved medal, I 2in. diameter, with loop. SOMERSET MILITIA, 1791. — Obverse, a shield, on which is engraved, Reward of Merit, and supported i on the right by a draped Union Jack and on the left by a pike, rifle, and sword. A ribbon goes down the left and bottom, with the words Somerset Militia on it. Reverse, Awarded to Edmund Halliday August 1791. Silver, all engraved, 2in. by 2jin. SOMERSET VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 1804. — Obverse, a figure of Britannia encouraging a soldier to shoot.' Reverse, Half-yearly Shooting match: Wm. Marsh, best shot: Colonel ]. B. Burland. An oval, engraved, silver medal. SOMERSETSHIRE (LOYAL UNITED) VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — An oblong silver star (sjin. by 3in. from point to point) of sixteen points, set with paste diamonds, having an oval ivory glazed centre (2in. by ijin.) en- circled by a ring of dark blue stones. The ivory centre bears a painted coat of arms, consisting of a shiel with two volunteers in uniform as supporters, No. AND DECORATIONS. 395 inscribed on either side, a smaller shield bearing two female figures in the centre, behind which are two crossed swords, and above two clasped hands, and below a man's bust. Above the shield is a crest, an open hand and arm, and on a scroll below Esto fidelis, and the date 1798. Above the coat of arms rays of light are descending from the eye of Providence. Legend : Loyal United Somersetshire Volunteers, Bristol. Reverse, plain, with a ring for suspension. This badge is in Colonel Gaskell's collection, and is most likely a masonic badge in connection with the regiment. SOUTH CIRCULAR ROAD INFANTRY, 1808. — (i) Obverse, a shield, inscribed, I.T., surrounded by a trophy of arms and wreath of laurel ; above, a harp and shamrock-leaves ; below, Prosperity to Ireland. Reverse, engraved, This medal was presented by Captain and Adjutant ]. R. Clarke to the $th Com- pany of the S. C.R.I., for their superiority in platoon firing, on the i8th April, 1808, in competition with the ist and qth Companies, and on the 2nd October it was adjudged to Mr. T. Torkington for his skill in sharp-shooting, by the members of the Company. A large, oval, silver medal, 3jin. by 2|in. (2) A large, oval, engraved, silver medal. Obverse, Presented by Capn- James to the second or Light Company South Circular Road Inf'y-> August, 1810; above, on a ribbon, Transferable Medal; below, two flags in saltire, a horn, and crown. Reverse, The Bearer wears this as a Badge for his skill in firing at a Target; above, Pro. Deo. Patria. et Rege.f inscribed on a ribbon ; below, a volunteer, target, £c., on a mound, with hills in the distance; on the left, rocks and a tree. Composed of two convex 396 BRITISH WAR MEDALS plates, 3.2in. by 2.6in., held together by a thick rim. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. SOUTH DEVON MILITIA, 1799.— Obverse, a military trophy, surrounded by a laurel-wreath ; legend, To the South Devon Militia, in Testimony of Merit, 1799. Reverse, the arms of the town of Waterford; motto below, Ures in Tacta manet, Waterford. A silver medal, struck, ijin. diameter. SOUTH DEVON YEOMANRY, 1834. — Obverse, th< motto, Bene Merentibus; below, South Devon Regt. of Y.C. W. H. Tonkin, Commandant, 1834. Reverse, M.L.V., surrounded by an oak-wreath. A silver medal. In Captain Stansfeld's collection. SOUTHAMPTON VOLUNTEERS. — For skill at arms. SOUTHPORT VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Obverse, a rose crowned. Reverse, Prize shooting medal for the bet marksman for 1801, won by Mr. John Adams. SOUTH WARK (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — (i' Obverse, a shield; on either side a recumbent lior and unicorn ; above, on a scroll, Pro Rege et Patria the whole surrounded by a garter, on which is ei graved, Loyal Volunteers of St. John's Southivark. Reverse, Given by the Corps of Loyal Volunteers St. John's Southwark to Mr. Angus Macphael, 01 of their members, for the best shot upon the Thin Essay at Target firing on Thursday jz July i8oot engraved. A silver-gilt medal, with raised rim an* loop for suspension, i.9in. diameter. In Colon< Gaskell's collection. (2) 1799. — Obverse, the same as the above. R< verse, Given by the Corps of Loyal Volunteers of St. John's, Southwark, to Joseph Knight, one of theii members, for the best shot upon the second essay oj AND DECORATIONS. 397 the Corps with ball cartridge on Thursday Sept gth 1799. A silver-gilt engraved medal. In the Day collection. SPILSBY AND BURGH VOLUNTEERS, 1811. — John Daiuson; Grenadier Company Reward of Merit. STAFFORD VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Reward of Merit. STAFFORDSHIRE VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1803.— Obverse, a mounted trooper (at the gallop) to the right, with a pistol in his right hand, which he is in the act of firing to the right rear; right arm ex- tended; a wreath encircling the whole. Reverse, in the centre, Transferable medal. For skill at pistol practice: the Gift of Major Francis P. Eliot. May 1803, enclosed within a band, inscribed, Staffordshire Volunteer Cavalry, two laurel-branches encircling the whole. An oval, silver, engraved medal, 3-7in. by 2.8in., composed of two convex plates fixed in a thick rim, with loop for suspension on the minor axis. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. STAFFORDSHIRE YEOMANRY, 1840. — Obverse, the Staffordshire knot, surmounted by a crown and sur- rounded by a laurel-wreath, and the inscription, Queen's Own Royal Yeomanry. Reverse, Firm and Constant, surrounded by a laurel-wreath ; outside, the recipient's name and rank ; below, the date, 1840. STANNARY (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1808. — Obverse, a trophy crowned, above Royal Stannary Artillery Volunteers. Reverse, For superior skill at Gun- practice: The Gift of General Stephens, Sept., 1808, within a laurel-wreath. An oval, silver, engraved medal. STIRLINGSHIRE (EAST BATTALION) VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, a soldier taking aim, in the back- 398 BRITISH WAR MEDALS ground a camp and thistles ; above, Best shot at ball practice ; in the exergue, Given by the Officers of the Corps. Awarded for Merit. Reverse, a garter, on which is inscribed, Pro Aris et Focis, surmounted by a crown ; within the garter, John Russell, Captain Hamilton's Company, Est. Battn. S.V., commanded by Lieut. -Colonel Duncan, 1804. A silver medal, oval, 2.iin. by i.65in., with loop for suspension; struck. . ' STIRLINGSHIRE LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — (i) Obverse, a soldier, in the uniform of the corps, at "the present," tents in front, a thistle in the rear below, Reward for Merit. Reverse, a crown an< garter, Pro Aris et focis ; inscribed within, Given b the Officers of the Corps, Lt. Col. Duncan commam ing, 1802; outside the garter, ist L.S.V. A larg< silver-gilt, oval medal. (2) 1803. — Obverse, a garter surmounted by crown ; ist L.S. V. at the sides ; oh the garter is inscribed, Pro Aris et Focis ; inside the garter, Givei by the Officers of the Corps, Lt.-Col. Duncan co\ manding, 1803. Reverse, a soldier taking aim, camp in the background; in the exergue, Rewarc for Merit. A large, oval, silver-gilt medal, 2 Jin. by if in., both sides engraved. STIRLINGSHIRE YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1831.— (i) Obverse, in high relief, a trooper mounted.. Reverse, Presented by Lieut. Col. Murray and the Officers, Non-commissioned Officers, and Privates of the Stirling Troop of Stirlingshire Yeomanry Cavalr to Quarter Master John Robertson. In testimony oj their esteem for him as a man and a soldier, 1831. Round the edge is engraved, Served regularly am' AND DECORATIONS. 399 effectively till upwards of 86 years of age. A silver medal. Obverse, struck; reverse, engraved; 2in. diameter. In the Murray collection. (2) Reverse, From the Officers to Sergeant James Edmond, 1831. Period of service jj years, and never absent from a horse drill. Obverse, cavalryman charging, high relief. STOKE AND CITY OF PETERBOROUGH VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, Stoke and City of Peterborough Volunteers, Best Shots' Prize Medal. Reverse, The gift of G. Hart Esq: Major Commandant, to No. I. Company for Ball firing: 1804. A silver medal, all engraved. STOKESTOWN LIGHT HORSE, 1779. — Obverse, a trooper of the Regiment. Reverse, For skill at arms; given to Jas. Kelly: MDCCLXXIX. STONE VOLUNTEERS, 1807. — Obverse, a volunteer firing at a circular target. Above Stone; below Volunteers. Reverse, Ball-firing, a reward for skill from Major R. W. Topp : September 180? ; two olive-branches below. A large, silver, engraved medal 2fin. diameter, with a broad raised rim and loop and ring for suspension. STOURPORT LOYAL VOLUNTEERS. — A silver Best shot badge ; to /. Nash. STRADBALLY VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Obverse, a harp, crowned, in a garland of shamrocks ; legend, Pro Aris et Focis. Reverse, The reward of merit adjudged to Michael Kelly June 1780. In the Day collection. STRATHSPEY VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — Obverse, a trophy of arms, &c., The Reward of Merit, 1800. Re- verse, " Instituted by the Officers of the Strathspey Volunteers, for the encouragement of good shooting 400 BRITISH WAR MEDALS -£ _ , in the Regiment, won by James Carmichael, Quarter- master. A silver engraved medal. . SUFFOLK INFANTRY, 1812. — Obverse, G.R.: below, on a scroll, Shooting prize; above, a crown. The whole surrounded by a garter, inscribed, West Suffolk Local Infantry Regiment, the enclosed space engraved with horizontal lines. Reverse, Major Garnham's reward to Thos. Reynolds: 1812. A silver medal, 2^-in. diameter, all engraved, with a raised rim, and ring for suspension. SUFFOLK YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1794. — (i) Obverse, a mounted yeoman; above, Loyal Suffolk Yeomanry; in the exergue, First Troop. Reverse, a castle with two towers; below Suffolk, 1794, encircled by a garter, inscribed, Liberty, Loyalty, Prosperity; Blything Hundred halfpenny. Round the edge of the medal is indented, God save the King and Con- stitution. Bronze, ijin. diameter. (2) Obverse, a dismounted dragoon, resting against his horse, his left hand on his sword, surrounded by the inscription, Pro aris et focis. Reverse, a garter, surrounded by a crown, and engraved, Liberty, Loyalty, Property. In the centre, a castle with flags on the two principal towers; below, 7795; in the exergue, Hoxne, and Hartsmere Suffolk Loyal Yeomanry Cavalry. On the rim, God Save the King and Constitution. Silver, and bronze, ijin. diameter. These two are no doubt tokens issued by the corps, but are interesting relics of the yeomanry of that period. SURREY VOLUNTEERS (IST), 1803. — Obverse, a soldier standing at "attention," colours and swon on either side; above, a shield with arms, inscril AND DECORATIONS. 401 ist Surrey Regiment Volunteers. Reverse, Presented by the officers of the Grenadier Compy. of the ist Regt. of Surrey Volunteers to Mr. Lambourn, for the best essay at Firing with ball on the i^th July, 1803. A silver-gilt, engraved, oval medal. 3jin. by 2jin. SUSSEX MILITIA, 1807.— Obverse, a cannon and rifle crossed, intertwined jvith a collar of knighthood, and a crown above, inscribed, George Tickner, 2$rd. Sept. Reverse, within a wreath, From Lt. Coin. Lyon I.F.O., Sussex district, for the best shot at 100 yards. Angmering infantry, 1807. SUSSEX (WEST) REGIMENT OF INFANTRY, 1794.- Obverse, a coat of arms, Best shot with ball at 100 yards from the target. Reverse, Awarded to Chas : Taffin, 1794. A large, circular, silver, en- graved medal. SUTHERLAND AND CROMARTY VOLUNTEERS, 1811. — Obverse, a trophy of arms, flags, &c. Reverse, Presented to Mr. John Turner, as a token of regard for his soldierly merit, April nth, 1811. A large circular, silver engraved medal, with convex centre, with a chased border of thistles, and ornamental suspender. SUTTON'S (CAPTAIN) RIFLE COMPANY, 1805. — (i) Obverse, a soldier aiming at a circular target on a mound, a small bush on top, a tree behind the figure; above, Captain Sutton's Rifle Company. Reverse, No. i, Prize Medal, June, 1805. A large, round, silver medal ; both sides engraved. 2 Jin. diameter. (2) 1807. — Obverse, a soldier firing at a target, with landscape behind ; above, Reward of Merit. Reverse, Captain Sutton's Rifle Company. Prize medal, ijth. July /So;, No. 2, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. An DD 402 BRITISH WAR MEDALS oval, silver, engraved medal (2.65in. by 2.310.), with loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. TALBOTSTOWN INVINCIBLES, 1780.— Obverse, a castle with ramparts and battlements on which is flying the flag of Ireland ; on the left the sea and a three-masted ship with an inverted crown and flag falling from the mizzen-mast; a cloud above. In the exergue, on an engraved background, a scroll on which is the word OR, and in the right corner a seated skele- ton. Reverse, a sword, above Talbotstown In- vincibles ; below, military merit rewarded. Given to John O'Reilly 1780. Oval, silver, all engraved ifin. by 2§in., with raised rim and ring for sus- pension. TAY (LOYAL) FENCIBLES, 1806. — Obverse, a soldier firing; above, on a scroll, L.T.F.; below, Best shot. Reverse, Donald McBean, No. I. Company. $th June 1806. An oval, silver, engraved medal, 2jin. by ifin. In the Murray collection. TEMPLEMORE LIGHT DRAGOONS. — Obverse, a crowned harp, with the motto, Keep Armed. We defend our own. The Templemore Light Dragoons. Reverse, The gift of Colonel J. C. Garden to Corpl. P. Murray, awarded for skill in sword exercise, 1784. Silver medal, with raised flat rim, hall-marked Irish, .2jin. in diameter, with a hinged ringed suspender. TEWKESBURY CAVALRY, 1806. — An oval medal : For Military Merit. THURLES UNION VOLUNTEERS, 1792. — Obverse, in the foreground a volunteer kneeling and firing at a square target on a hill on the left. Beyond it another hill and target. On the right two tents, each with a flag on top, one charged with the motto, Semper AND DECORATIONS. 403 paratus ; above, Thurles Union; below, Volunteers, the whole surrounded by a raised circle; outside which, and between it and the border, Drum Divi- sion. Reverse, in the centre, between olive-branches, P. Davy 1792: P. Davy 1793: E. Rhea 1794; outside, This badge is won by the best shot at annual target practice. Silver, engraved, 2fin. diameter. In the Day collection. TIPPERARY MILITIA, 1799. — Obverse, a crowned harp on either side 17 — 99; above, Tipperary Militia; below, 28th. Regt. Reverse, Awarded by Colonel John Bagwell, to ]. W. Benson for Services. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with orna- mented raised rim, and loop for suspension. TOWER HAMLETS VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — (i) Obverse, within a laurel-wreath, Ratcliff Division of Tower Hamlet Volunteers. Reverse, The Gift of Captain Easum to Serjt. Balfour of the third company, being the best shot at Highbury, Sept. 2fth. 1804. A silver engraved medal, ijin. diameter. In the Murray collection. (2) Obverse, a plain centre; legend, Ratcliff Divi- sion of Tower Hamlet Volunteers. Reverse, two floral sprays, tied below, surrounding the inscription, Presented by Major Boulcott to G. S. Barber: being the best shot in the regiment at Westham : May i^th 1804. A thin, silver, engraved medal, with a thick rim, 2in. diameter, with ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. TOWER WARD ASSOCIATION, 1802. — Obverse, the White Tower, Tower of London ; above, Tower Ward Association; in the exergue, Prize medal for ball-practice. Reverse, Adjudged to Mr. John Davis for the best essay at 100 yards: 75 August, 1802. A DP 2 4o4 BRITISH WAR MEDALS silver engraved medal, 2^-in. diameter. In the Murray collection. TROUGH VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Obverse, a crown falling from an Irish harp, the sun rising in the back- ground. Auspicium melioris cevi. Reverse, True merit rewarded, by Col. C. P. Leslie, adjudged to Volr. Jas. McCleland, 8th. June 1780. An oval, silver, engraved medal. TRURO VOLUNTEERS, 1808.— Obverse, a four-pointed star, surrounded by a garter, inscribed, Honi soil qui mal-y-pense, with a crown above; outside, Truro Volunteer Infantry. Reverse, Won by Henry John: A reward of Skill: Target practice: May 1808. Silver, engraved, 2§in. diameter, raised rim, and ring for suspension. TUFFNELLS VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, I79Q. — First- prize medal: presented to Wm. Fitch for best shot: 7799. An oval silver medal, all engraved. TULLOW RANGERS. — Obverse, in a circle, round the margin, Tullow Rangers, for faithful service, and in the centre, W. Murphy, from Captain Whelan. Reverse, in the margin, Victoria Concordia Crescit. 177$ (Victory increases by Union), the motto of the Amherst family. On the centre of the medal, in the upper space between a branch of laurel and sword in saltire, a Royal crown and in the lower angle, the Irish harp. A silver, engraved medal, ifin. in diameter, enclosed by a rope border ending in a twisted loop. TYRONE DITCHES VOLUNTEERS, 1781. — Obverse, a soldier supporting with his right hand an Irish harp, and in his left a flag, with the motto, Unus et iden; above, Tyrone Ditches Volunteers; in the AND DECORATIONS. 405 exergue, For the most worthy. Reverse, Skill at arms, rewarded by Major Frans Dobbs, won by Path. Kearney: 1781. 2jin. by 2in., with raised rim. TYRONE ROYAL MILITIA, 1797. — Obverse, a harp, crowned; legend, God save the King. Reverse, Royal Tyrone Regiment. For soldierly merit. A bronze-struck medal; also issued in silver, i.5in. diameter, with loop for suspension. Ribbon, green. TYRONE ROYAL VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, an Irish harp, surrounded by a garter, on which is the motto, Pro Rege, Lege, Grege. Reverse, G. III. R. Given by the officers of the Corps; a reward for exemplary merit at sword-practice; the name of the regiment on a garter. A silver oval medal, 2jin. by ijin. In the Murray collection. ULSTER LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1794.— For Skill-at- Arms, to Thos : Byrne. ULSTER (THE FIRST) REGIMENT, 1787. — Obverse, below, two branches of shamrocks, joined at the stems ; above, upon a ribbon of three folds, First Ulster Regt., and between both, filling up the field of the medal, the inscription, The gift of the Earl of Charle- mont. The best shot to wear this Prize Medal so long as he shall maintain his superior skill at the Target. Reverse, an oval garter, on which are two laurel-branches, a female mask with flowing hair, and below, /7#7, the whole enclosing a shooting range, with a Volunteer in uniform under the spreading branches of a tree, preparing to fire at a target. Oval, silver, hall-marked, 3in. by 2jin. Like the Cork Boyne Medal, it is made of two engraved plates, raised in the centre, and meeting at the edge, which is protected by a strong rim, with a loop for sus- pension. In the Day collection. 406 BRITISH WAR MEDALS UNITED EAST AND WEST HAM (LOYAL) VOLUN- TEERS, 1798. — (i) Obverse, a volunteer standing in front of a church; legend, The Loyal United West and East Ham Volunteers ; in the exergue, Associated May i8th, 179$. Reverse, Presented by Sir John Henniker, Bart; legend, For preservation of internal peace, our king and constitution; above, his coat of arms, resting on the colours of the regiment ; a Greek inscription above. A silver-plated medal, ijin. diameter. Struck. (2) Obverse, a shield of arms ; below, Associated 1798; above, East and West Ham Volunteers. Re- verse, Presented by Sir John Henniker, Bt., for the best shot at a target, 1804. An oval gilt medal, engraved, 2jin. by ly^in. UPPER TIVY LOYAL REGIMENT, 1809. — Won by W. C. Gilbertson, the most skilful marksman. USK VOLUNTEERS, 1808. — For skill at the target: presented to Wm. Jackson. VICTORIA RIFLES, 1814. — (i) Obverse, within a circle, formed by a twisted serpent, a skull and cross- bones, on either side a laurel-branch ; on a scroll above, Acrotormentarian Society of Riflemen, for merit at arms, 1814. A silver-gilt medal. In the Whitaker collection. This corps was originally raised by Colonel Beaumont in 1803, and is now the Fourth Battalion (Volunteer) of the King's Royal Rifle Corps. 1817. — (2) Obverse, a skull and crossbones, sur- rounded by a wreath; above, Acrotormentarian Society. Reverse, Won by G. W. Warren, the sixth time, 2gth June, 181?.. A gilt medal, 2§in. diameter 1835. — (3) Obverse, a head of Queen Victoria; above, Royal Victoria Rifles; below, Established, V , AND DECORATIONS. 407 Reverse, a skull and crossbones surmounted by a crown, and surrounded by a wreath composed of laurel on the right side and oak on the left, outside which is the inscription, Presented annually by Cap- tain Ellis for the best rifle shot. A silver-gilt medal ; ribbon, half red and half green. The date, 1835, has reference to the fact thaf in that year permission was obtained from the Duke of Kent for the corps to adopt the title of The Royal Victoria Rifle Club as a compliment to her Majesty, then Princess Victoria. VINTRY WARD VOLUNTEERS, 1799. — Obverse, on a plain field, an irradiated star of eight points, the top- point covered by a crown. On the centre of the star a garter, inscribed with the motto, Pro aris et focis. Enclosing the inscription, V. ward V. ; an ornamental scalloped border. Reverse, Presented by Captn. R. Prickivood for skill at Platoon Exercise, August 1799; an ornamental border surrounding the inscription similar to that on the obverse. A thin, oval, silver, engraved medal, 2.2in. by i.7in., with a thick rim and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. WALLBROOK WARD ASSOCIATION VOLUNTEERS, 1800. — Awarded by Captain Alderman Cadell to Mr. John Elliott for being the best shot at 200 yards in the Wallbrook Ward Association Volunteers for the year 1800. WALTHAM ABBEY VOLUNTEERS, 1811. — Obverse, a lion rampant, surrounded by a circle, with crown above; behind, a four-pointed radiated star; below, on a scroll, March 1811 ; above all, Waltham Abbey; below all, Volunteer Infantry. Reverse, Recruit's Prize: firing with ball at fifty yards: awarded to John 408 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Clarke, A silver engraved medal, ifin. diameter, with raised rim, and loop for suspension. WALTHAMSTOW VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Obverse, a volunteer in full dress, standing at attention ; legend, Walthamstoiv Volunteers. Reverse inscription, Ball- firing prise-medal, n August, 1802. The initials of the recipient, /. S., within an oval ring. An oval, silver, engraved medal, 2.iin. by i.6in., a small loop and ring for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. WANDSWORTH YEOMANRY, 1811. — Obverse, The Reward of Merit, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, The gift of Lieut. Col. Hardy Inspecting Field Officer to Sergt. Williamson. Wandsworth Yn. Cavly. 4-th. June 1811. A silver engraved medal. In the Day collection. WAPPING UNION VOLUNTEERS, 1801. — Obverse, a demi-lion on a mural crown, surrounded by the legend, Union Wapping Volunteers. Reverse, The gift of Captn. Wm. Mellish to Corporal ]. White: Best Shot 150 yards: 6th July 1801. A silver, oval, engraved medal, 2jin. by ifin. In the Murray collection. WARRINGTON LOYAL INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — Obverse, an oval shield, surrounded by laurel- branches, inscribed, Loyal Independent Warrington Volunteers, June, 1798, surmounted by a crown and surrounded by a trophy of flags and arms ; below, on a scroll, Dulcit amor Patrice. Reverse, For skill at arms, Captain James Leigh's third company. An oval, silver, engraved medal, 2in. by 2jin., with an ornamental border and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. AND DECORATIONS. 409 WARWICK AND LEAMINGTON VOLUNTEERS, 1809. — Obverse, a bear and ragged staff ; above, on a scroll, Unity is strength; on either side of the bear, W. and L. ; below, on a scroll, Volunteers. Reverse, This medal was won by Sergt. A. Charles. First prize: Ball-firing Sept. wth 1809. A silver en- graved medal, 2in. diameter, with beaded border, and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. WATERFORD ARTILLERY, 1779. — Obverse, a volun- teer with fuse, standing by a field-gun ; above, upon a scroll, In hoc spes mea; below, Water jord Artillery. Reverse, Reward for skill at arms, won by Peter Blake 1779. A silver engraved medal, 2jin. by ijin., suspended from the minor axis, with raised rope border, and loop for suspension. In the Day collection. WATERFORD INDEPENDENT VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — (i) Obverse, on a tented field, a volunteer fully accoutred, at attention ; in the background, a flagstaff and pennant, inscribed, Reform or , and upon the lower rim, Sixth Company. Reverse, Mr. Daniel Redditch, best shot in the Company, won May i2th. 1780; upon the rim, H. W. Dobbyn, Esquire, Captain. A silver engraved medal, 2|in. diameter, with the circular edge serrated, and a grooved rim; a square loop for suspension. In the Day collection. (2) 1781. — Obverse, beneath, a scroll, inscribed, Securior quo paratior ; the harp, crowned, and sur- rounded by oak-leaves and shamrocks; below, Royal Oak independent Company. Reverse, The gift of Colonel Cornelius Bolton to James Hennessey for services in the light company of the Royal Oak Independent Vols: jrd. April 1781. Silver, 2in. 410 BRITISH WAR MEDALS diameter, with loop, all engraved. In the Day I collection. (3) 1781. — The gift of Major Alcock. WATERFORD VOLUNTEERS, 1772. — (i) Obverse, the Royal oak; above, Pro Rege et Patria; below, /. D.; on one side, Royal, and the other Oak. Reverse, two hands grasped issuing from clouds and held together by four links of chain; above, Concordia; in exergue, February fth. 1772. An oval, copper, engraved medal, i^in. by 2T3^in., with loop. In the Day collec- tion. (2) 1789. — Obverse, an oak-tree planted on a mound, with eight round shot at its foot; on one side a harp, and on the other a crown, surrounded by the "legend, Royal Oak Independent Cop: Volunteers. Reverse, Won by Mr. John Kearney at a shooting tryal: the gift of Colonel Corn: Bolton 1789. An oval, engraved medal, 2 Jin. by 2|in., with rope border and ring. In the Day collection. WELLS VOLUNTEERS, 1804. — Obverse, Wells Volunteers, engraved, and G. R., surmounted by a royal crown. Reverse, Won by Captain J. C. Bloom, being the first prize at the September firings: 1804. A gold badge. WEST LOTHIAN LIGHT DRAGOONS, 1799.— Obverse, West Lothian Light Dragoons. Reverse, Reward for skill at Arms, adjudged to ]. Crook, best Swords- man, 1799. A silver medal, all engraved. WEST NORFOLK VOLUNTEERS, 1811. — Obverse, j/ West Norfolk Volunteers: ball firing prize: 1811. Reverse,. Jos: Everard, Best Shot. An oval, silve engraved medal. AND DECORATIONS. 411 WEST SOMERSET YEOMANRY CAVALRY, 1832.— Obverse, a mounted soldier ; above, West Somerset Yeomanry; in the exergue, C.K.K. Tynte Coin. Reverse, plain ; recipient's name and troop some- times engraved. Silver and silver-gilt medal, i-35in. diameter. WEST SUSSEX VOLUNTEERS (CHICHESTER COM- PANY), 1804. — Obverse, G.R.; crown below, ///.; on a scroll, Chichester Compy.; a coat of arms; and below, on a scroll, West Sussex Volunteers. Re- verse, The best shot of the Company 1804 John Croft on a scroll below. 2 Jin. diameter, raised rim, and loop. WESTMEATH RIFLE REGIMENT. — A silver Maltese cross, with lions in the angles. Obverse, a light infantry bugle, suspended from a bugle-cord, tied in a bow; on a circle outside, Westmeath Rifle Regi- ment. Reverse, engraved, A Reward of merit. Adjudged to the best shot, R.L.W.R.R. WESTMINSTER ASSEMBLY, 1798. — Obverse and reverse, the same; around, G. III. Rex, Westminster Assembly 1798: No. I. M.C., with a wreath of roses and thistles; on the edge, Royal Westminster Volunteers Prise medal for Ball-firing: Distance joo yards, at Harley Fields: Gen1. Doyley com- manding. A silver engraved medal, 2jin. diameter. In the Murray collection. WESTMINSTER LIGHT HORSE VOLUNTEERS, 1801. Obverse, a lion rampant, supporting a garter, inscribed, Honi soit qui mal y pense. In the centre, the royal cypher, G.R.; below, on a scroll, Forward. Reverse, This reward of Merit awarded to George Wilkins, by Colonel Herrics, he being declared the first Shot in the London and Westminster Dis- 4I2 BRITISH WAR MEDALS mounted Light Horse Volunteers 1801. An oval, silver, engraved medal, with a chased, raised border. In the Day collection. WESTMINSTER LOYAL VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Ob- verse, bust of George III.; inscription round it, St. ]ames't Westminster, Loyal Volunteers, embodied 1803. Reverse, a wreath of oak-leaves, on which is inscribed, Give God Praise; inside the wreath, Colonel Lord Amhurst; outside the wreath, Presented by Captain Grant, of the Light Infantry, to Mr. Tatham, 1808, for his services in forming the Artillery. A silver-gilt medal, if in. diameter, with red ribbon. WESTMINSTER (ROYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1798.— Obverse, in the centre, a portcullis; above, a crown ; below, a rose, surrounded by Royal Wesi minster Volunteers. Reverse, The reivard of merit: Ball practice; Light Company: adjudged to Mr. W. Nash, best shot at wo yards, wth Sept: 1798. A AND DECORATIONS. 413 silver engraved medal, 2^in. diameter. In the Murray collection. WESTMINSTER MILITIA, 1788. — Obverse, a port- cullis and chains, surmounted by a crown ; in the centre, on a disc, For Merit. The whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, The gift of Col. John Macnamara Westminster .Militia: 1788. A silver, engraved medal, i^in. diameter, with raised engraved rim, and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. WESTMINSTER VOLUNTEERS, 1791. — Obverse, Western Battalion N.M.V. Reverse, To Knipe Gobbett, a token of regard from the officers of the Regiment. 7/91. A circular silver medal. WESTMORLAND VOLUNTEERS, 1809. — Obverse, a volunteer presenting arms; above, Westmorland: below, East and West ward Volunteers. Reverse, Won by Richd. Bellus; 1809: The best shot. An oval, silver, engraved medal, 2in. by 2jin. with an ornamental border, and ring for suspension. WESTMORELAND AND CUMBERLAND YEOMANRY CAVALRY. — Obverse, Queen Victoria's head, sur- rounded by a laurel-wreath ; outside, the legend, West- moreland and Cumberland Yeomanry, surrounded by an ornamental border. Reverse, two mounted yeomen, on either side of a coat of arms; above, the mono- gram, W.C.Y.C., surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A large silver medal. WEXFORD MILITIA, 1811.— Obverse, a harp crowned; legend, Wexford Militia. Reverse, Pre- sented to Corporal Edwards, in recognition of his exemplary conduct at Ballyporeen: January 1811. A silver engraved medal, if in. diameter, with loop for suspension. In the Day collection. 4i4 BRITISH WAR MEDALS WEXFORD VOLUNTEERS, 1780. — Independent of all (John Foote) Merit Rewarded. WEYMOUTH VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — For the best shot. WHITECHAPEL (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1810. - Obverse, a trophy of arms, with the Union Jack and the flag of the Whitechapel Volunteers, surmounted by a crown, two oval shields of arms in the centre. Reverse, In the fiftieth year of reign of George the Third, this medal was presented by Lieut.-Col. Hardy and Major Coop of the Loyal Whitechapel Volun- teers to James Milner, the best shot. Light Company. A large silver medal 2|in. diameter; both sides en- graved. WICKLOW FORESTERS, 1782. — Obverse, a shield of arms : around the margin, The Independent Corps of Wickloiv Forresters: Medal for Merit. Reverse, Adjudged to Fergus Ryan. 1782. 2jin. diameter, all engraved : raised border and loop. WICKLOW MILITIA, 1797. — Obverse, Reward of Loyalty, surrounded by a wreath of laurel and surmounted by a crown. Reverse, Westmeath Grand Jury to the Wicklow Regt., September. MDCCXCVII. A silver medal i-ft-in. diameter. WIGAN VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Obverse, G.R., a crown above, and three oak leaves below; in the exergue 1803, outside on a ribbon, The Wigan Volunteers. Reverse, This badge for skill in firing, awarded to P. J. Reynolds: Earl of Balcarres, Major commanding. An oval, silver, engravec medal, 2jin. by 2jin., with half-round raised rim am loop for suspension. AND DECORATIONS. 415 WIGTONSHIRE VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, armorial de- vice, won by ]. McKenzie. Reverse, Best Shot's medal, Whithom Compy. WILLIAMS (COLONEL) CORPS OF VOLUNTEERS.— Won by J. Carey, 1800. WINCHESTER VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. — Ensign George Earle, won at the joo yards Target practice, 1811. WINCHESTER VOLUNTEERS, 1805. — Obverse, the city arms crowned. Reverse, The best shot's prize- medal won by Wm, Short, Corporal, 1805. WINDSOR FORESTERS, 1800. — Obverse, a rifleman firing from behind an earthwork, with bushes on the top; Windsor above; Foresters below; a vandyked border. Reverse, The Gift of Thomas Bruce, Adjutant: for good shooting, September 1800. A thin, oval, silver, engraved medal, 2.iin. by i.6in., with ring loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. WINDSOR VOLUNTEERS, 1802. — Awarded to Mr. W. Geo. Cooper, best Shot, ijth. April, 1802. WOODFORD RANGERS, 1790. — Obverse, a dis- mounted trooper standing by his horse, behind two crossed guidons; above on a ribbon, Fight for Free- dom. In the exergue, The Woodford Indpt- Corps. Reverse, Presented by Colonel Wm. T. Gun, to Mr. David Raynes a reward for display of swordsmanship: ist. Sept. 1*90. Silver, all engraved, 2 Jin. diameter, with three loops on the top. In the Day collection. WOODSTOCK (LOYAL) VOLUNTEERS, 1807.— Ob- verse, arms and crest ; above, Loyal Woodstock ; below, Volunteers. Reverse, Awarded to Lieut. Rus- "#6 BRITISH WAR MEDALS f best shot of the Corps, 1807. A silver medal all engraved, with raised rim and loop for suspension, ifin. diameter. WORCESTER LOYAL VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, in- scribed, A token of respect from Major Forester, June qth, 1/99, enamelled centre, with trophy of arms and regimental flag enamelled in colours. Reverse, W.L.V., within a wreath, in fine seed pearl work, on blue enamel, in a gold frame. WORLING WORTH VOLUNTEERS, 1798. — Obverse, a soldier at "attention"; in the rear a church with flagstaff, on which is the Union Jack. Reverse, For our King and our Country, on a garter; above, a crown and 179$; within the garter, Worlingivorth Volunteers; below, John Henniker, Major Commt. A silver medal, struck, i.5in. diameter, the recipient's name engraved on the edge. YARM VOLUNTEERS, 1809. — Obverse, in the centre a lion supporting an oval shield surmounted by a crown. In the middle G.R.; above, Yarm; and below, Volunteers. Underneath, 1809. The whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Reverse, Adjudged to Mr. Tireman, Best Shot, at Annual firing: sur- rounded by a laurel-wreath. A silver medal, ijin. diameter, with raised rim, and loop for suspension, all engraved. YARMOUTH CAVALRY, 1805. — Obverse, a mounted trooper galloping; above, Pro rege et patria; below, For Merit. Reverse, Yarmouth Cavalry; To Corpl. H. Curtis: for skill at sword exercise, Sept. 1805. A thin, silver-gilt, engraved medal, i.6in. diameter, with thick rim and ring loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. AND DECORATIONS. 417 YARMOUTH VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Obverse, a figure of Britannia. Reverse, Yarmouth Volunteer In- fantry, the best shot of the corps: Mr. W. Jacobs: 1803. An oval silver medal. YORK FENCIBLES, 1798. — Obverse, the arms of the City of York, outside York Regiment of Fencibles. Reverse, Presented by Lord Viscount Chetivynd to Edward Skilton, 1798, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. An oval silver engraved meda^ 2in. by 2 Jin., with raised rim and loop for suspension. YORK (ROYAL) HUSSARS, 1795. — Obverse, the Royal Arms, outside a border of laurel-leaves. Re- verse, G.R., above; and the date 1795, below, in a laurel-wreath. In the centre, To the best swordsman, Lieut. ]. J. Johnstone, Col. Comdt. M.G.R.R., Wilford's Rl. York Hussars Prize medal. A large oval silver engraved medal suspended by a loop from the minor axis. YORK (ROYAL) IST REGIMENT, 1801. — Obverse, the Royal Arms, above, G.R.; below, i8th. July 1801. Reverse, ist. prize medal for the best shot at a target, distance 100 yards. Presented by Major-General Murray. YORK VOLUNTEER CAVALRY, 1800. — Won by Mr. Hartley. YORK AND AINSTY VOLUNTEERS, 1803. — Obverse, the Royal Arms. Reverse, Prize Medal No. 2: 1803. On edge, Lieut. -Colonel Milner's reward. A silver medal, all engraved. YORKSHIRE (ROYAL) FENCIBLES, 1803.— Obverse, a trophy of arms, enclosing a crown and R.Y.F. within a garter. In the exergue, A.D. 1803. Reverse, Pre- sented by the Officers of the Royal Yorkshire Fend- EE 4i8 BRITISH WAR MEDALS bles to Mr. Thomas Langley, best shot of light com- pany. An oval silver medal, 2§in. by i£in., all en- graved, with an ornamental loop. In the Day col- lection. YORKSHIRE WEST RIDING (2x0) REGIMENT.— Re- verse, This medal was presented to Jas. Ross, a re- ward of merit, 1797. A silver medal, all engraved. YOUGHAL UNION VOLUNTEERS. — Obverse, Victori Perpetuus in exergue. Reverse, To Fergus Moore, from Major Thos. Green, 1780. UNKNOWN. — (i) Obverse, the Scottish lion and unicorn; above, In defence; below, St. Andrew's Cross, and Dieu et mon droit, on a scroll ; above, a crown. Reverse, plain. An oval medal, with ring for suspension. Ribbon, red with yellow edges. (2) Obverse, G. III. R.; a crown, surrounded by other wreaths; a monogram — T.V.C. — above. Re- serve, Amor. Patrice. Excitat. Ilnd. Batt. prize medal, 1799, N.J.V. A gilt medal. In the Whitaker col- lection. (3) Obverse, a crossed rifle and pike ; above, Liberty and Fraternity. Reverse, The best shot wears this. A silver engraved medal. (4) Obverse, a soldier at attention ; above, A parliamentary reform, or else: Reverse, The Reward of Merit, loth. Oct: 1^84; below, within a wreath, T.S. A silver engraved medal. In the Day collection. (5) Obverse, a volunteer to the right firing, undulating ground behind him, six tents in the right middle-distance, a Scotch thistle and a rose in the foreground; legend, Best shot at Ball-practice. Re- verse, a garter, inscribed, Honi soit qui mal y pense; AND DECORATIONS. 419 a crown above, on a plain field. A silver medal, struck, 2.iin. diameter, with loop for suspension. (6) Obverse, two crossed sabres; above L.A.M.F.; below, Dragoons. Reverse, Won by Sergt. B. Black: from Captain G. R. V. Matthews, surrounded by Prize medal for skill. A silver engraved medal, 2in. diameter, with thick ringed border, and loop for suspension. In Colonel Gaskell's collection. (7) Obverse, a crown; above, Reward of Merit; below, W.U.B.V. Reverse, The gift of Major Wat- son i8oj. Silver, 2^-in. diameter, drilled for sus- pension, all engraved. (8) Obverse, S.L. 1813 Volunteer Infantry. Re- verse, Reward of Merit. A thin silver medal, all engraved, i|in. diameter, with ornamental engraved border, on both sides. (9) Obverse, gun and gunners. Reverse, Best Spunger, Thomas Thompson Private R.N.Q.F.V. Artillery 1806. A large silver medal. (10) Loyal Association, 1745. Obverse, a general on horseback reviewing troops; Pro Ccesare pro Aris & Focis Novr iv MDCCXLV. Reverse, Pallas over- throwing the giants ; above, in clouds, Jupiter on his eagle. Quid contra Sonantem Palladis JEgida possunt Ruentes. (11) Silver-gilt Badge, with loop, of a Loyal Asso- ciation. Obverse, War with olive branch and Peace with sword, holding aloft a laurel wreath enclosing clasped hands, between them is a pedestal on which is a naval crown, with crossed Union Jacks above it ; in the exergue, " Association." Reverse, shield, between two palm branches, charged with three cocks, Decr i, 1777, below. EE 2 NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN MEDALS. Y no means the least interesting series of medals are those given from time to time by the British Govern- ment to the North American Indian chiefs. The first one of which any record is available is that given in 1714 by King George I. An example of this medal was found at an Indian burial-place in 1814 by an American exploring party. According to Miner's " History of Wyoming," it was presented by King George I. to the Chiefs of the Six Nations. George i. The obverse bears a laureated bust of King George I., m armour, to the right, surrounded by the legend, George, King of Great Britain; in the exergue, 17/4. The reverse represents an Indian chief on the right, drawing a bow on a deer standing on the left on a hill under a tree. The sun is shown above. On the right side are three stars, and one on the left. It is if in. diameter, and was issued in bronze, and also in brass, and had a loop for suspension. Another, of the same period, had the same design on the obverse, but the bust of the King was smaller. The reverse was similar, but the hill was somewhat lower, the tree was higher, and the figure of the BRITISH WAR MEDALS. 421 Indian was smaller than in the preceding one. It is i^-in. diameter. In recent years a brass medal was found on the battlefield at Point Pleasant, Va., where an engage- ment took place in 1774, having on the obverse the bust of King George I. facing right, draped and laureated, and surrounded by the legend, George, King of Great Britain.* The reverse bears the figure of an Indian on the right, aiming at a deer on a hill on the left, above which is a tree surrounded by flowers and shrubs, above which is the sun. This medal, like the foregoing, has a loop for suspension, and is ijin. diameter. A somewrhat similar medal was found at Tunk- hannock, Pa., in 1837, witri a similar bust and legend on the obverse, surrounded by a fillet of twelve laurel- leaves. The reverse shows a figure of an Indian throw- ing a spear at a deer on the left, with the sun above. It is ijin. diameter. Another variety has on the obverse a laureated bust of the King facing left, surmounted by the inscrip- tion, Georgius Mag. Br: Fra: et Hib. Rex. The reverse has an Indian on the right aiming at a deer at full speed, with a bow held at arm's length in the left hand, and with the right hand slightly in front of his body. Above the deer is a tree, and in the foreground is a small shrub. There is no legend on the reverse. This medal was found in 1859 at Point Pleasant, Va., and is ijin. diameter. The next one was issued by George II., and bears his bust on the obverse, facing left, in armour, wear- George 11. ing a laurel-wreath, and surrounded by the legend, Georgius II. D.G. Mag: Br ; Fr : et Hib; Rex. The reverse bears the representation of an Indian shooting 422 BRITISH WAR MEDALS at a deer on the right beneath a tree. It is of brass, i in. diameter, and was found in 1865 at Lacka- wanna, Pa. In 1753, Sir Danvers Osborne, Governor of New York, brought from England thirty silver medals for presentation to the chiefs of the Six Nations. The medals were cast and chased, and were fitted with loops and rings for suspension, and were worn with a broad watered-silk scarlet ribbon, and were i|m. diameter. The obverse bears the bust of the King facing left, surrounded by the legend, Georgius II. D.G. Mag: Bri: Fra: et H. Rex. F.D. Reverse, the Royal Arms and supporters, with garter and motto, Dieu et mon droit. In 1757 the dies for a medal were engraved by one Duffield, of Philadelphia, to be presented to the North-American Indians by the Friendly Association for Regaining and Preserving Peace with the Indians by Pacific Means. They were struck in silver, copper, and pewter, and were if in. in diameter. The obverse bears a bust of the King facing left, with laurel- wreath and armour, and surmounted by the legend, Georgius II. Dei Gratia. On the reverse are shown a white man and an Indian sitting on the ground on either side of a fire, the former offering a pipe of peace to the latter. On the right, beside the man, is a tree; and on the left, above the Indian, the sun is shown. In the exergue is the date, 1757, and the whole is surrounded by the inscription, Let us look to the Most High, Who blessed our fathers with peace. The medals were pierced for rings for sus- pension. In Betts' "American Colonial History," in the chapter on the historical medals of America during AND DECORATIONS. 423 the period of the inter-colonial wars, three medals are mentioned as having been given by the British Government to members of the native tribes who assisted at the capture of Montreal in 1760. The obverse bears a representation of a fortified town with five spires and five bastions, and with a river in front. On the right is a fort, on which is a flag flying, bearing St. George's Qross; above, Montreal; in the exergue, D.C.F. (D.C. Fecit?). Reverse, engraved across the centre, Onondagos; above, in running type, Tekahon Waghse. The obverse is cast and chased, and a loop is attached to the medal for suspension. The medal is silver, and is lyfin. diameter. The second one has exactly the same obverse, but the reverse is engraved, Madoghk: Mohickans. It is the same size as the former, and is exactly like it in other respects. The third one mentioned is 2in. diameter, with the same obverse as the others, and similar in all respects, but the reverse is engraved, Tankalkel, Mohickans. We now come to the medals given by King George III. These were struck for distribution George in. amongst the Indian chiefs at the close of the French and Indian wars. (i) The obverse bears a youthful bust of the King to the right, in armour, and wearing the' ribbon of the Garter, the hair in a double curl over the ear. Seven rivets are shown on the front of the breast-plate. Reverse, the Royal Arms and sup- porters in high relief, the quarterings on the shield being those of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Hanover. The medal is silver, and is 3jin. diameter. These medals vary somewhat in detail, so it is evident 424 BRITISH WAR MEDALS that more than one die was made. In one of them the King's hair is in a single curl over the ear; and in this medal a crack is observable in the die, extend- ing across the shoulder and half-way towards the I in the word Georgius of the inscription. In another eight rivets are shown on the breast-plate, and on the reverse the lion's paw touches the I in Honi in the inscription on the Garter surrounding the shield, whereas in another it touches the N. They also vary in size by Jin., some being 3jin., and others sjin. and 3in. diameter. Specimens have been found in silver, silver-gilt, and also in pewter. (2) Obverse, bust of the King to the right, and that of Queen Charlotte to the left, facing each other; above them is a curtain tied back with cords and tassels, and falling midway between the heads; no legend. Reverse, similar to the previous medal described, but with the shield in much lower relief, the lion and unicorn being much thinner and more erect, and the whole design larger in proportion to the size of the medal. It is ijin. diameter, and pierced for suspension. (3) Another medal, having exactly the same design on the reverse, has on the obverse a bust of the King to the right, in armour, and surmounted by the inscrip- tion, Georgius HI. Dei Gratia, but with only six rivets on the front of the breast-plate. It is of the same diameter as the medal previously described. (4) In 1764 another medal was issued, having on the obverse a bust of the King, in armour, to the right, surmounted by the inscription, Georgius HI. D.G.M. Bri. Fran, et Hib Rex F.D. The reverse bears a representation of an Indian 'and a white man, both seated, the former holding a pipe towards the latter. AND DECORATIONS. 425 In the background a city and harbour. A loop is fixed "to the medal, formed by a pipe and eagle's wing, crossed. Above is the inscription, Happy while united; and, in the exergue, the date, 1764. Varieties of medals of this design exist; one has a similar bust of the King, but, in addition, laureated, and wearing the ribbon of the Order of the Garter, and in the inscription the " n " is left out in Fran. The reverse of this medal is slightly different. Although the legend and exergue are the same, in addition to the figures before-mentioned, there is on the right, a house on a rocky point, and also three ships in full sail are shown in the harbour. The Indian also holds his pipe in the left hand, and grasps with his right the white man's hand. Behind him are a tree and a building. A cast silver medal, 2^in. diameter. Another has a similar bust of the King on the obverse, but without a wreath, and with the hair tied behind with a long ribbon. The reverse is similar, but no ships are shown, neither is there a date in the exergue. This medal is 2 Jin. diameter, and is illustrated in Captain Tancred's well-known book on medals. Another is a silver struck medal, and has a similar bust of the King on the obverse, laureated, but wearing a wig tied with a bow. The legend is the same as in the preceding medals. The reverse is also similar, but there are several houses shown, and only two ships on the sea. This medal is 2 Jin. diameter, and was found in a grave at old Fort London in October, 1875. (5) The next medal was probably issued at the close of the French and Indian War in 1765. One of them was recently taken from the grave of Otussa (son of 426 BRITISH WAR MEDALS the celebrated Indian Chief Pontiac) on Presque Isle, at the mouth of the Shawnee river. The obverse bears an armoured bust of the King to the right, wearing the ribbon of the Garter, and surmounted by the legend, Georgius HI. Dei Gratia. The reverse shows the British lion lying under a tree on the left, behind which are a church' and two houses. A snarling wolf (emblematic of France), is on the right, behind which are trees and shrubs. The medal is silver, 2§ in. diameter. (6) During the Revolutionary War the British Government frequently employed Indians in conjunc- tion with our own troops, and notably in 1777, under Burgoyne, in his march on Albany, &c. A medal supposed to have been issued in 1777 or 1778, as a reward to the chiefs, has on the obverse a " young " bust of the King, in armour, to the right, with hair tied behind, and wearing the ribbon of the Order of the Garter. Above is the legend, Georgius III. Dei Gratia. The reverse has the Royal Arms and sup- porters, surmounted by a crown. Upon a ribbon below, Dieu et mon droit. Behind the ribbon a rose and thistle, two leaves appearing on each stem above the ribbon. The quartering of the arms shows Eng- land impaling Scotland in the first, France in the second, Ireland in the third, and Hanover in the fourth. The motto has a full stop between each word. The medal is silver, 2§in. diameter, with a loop for suspension. (7) The next medal has a similar obverse ; and the design of the reverse is much the same as the pre- ceding, but the mottoes are not punctuated. The word Qui is partly concealed by the crown, and the letters " Y " and " P " are hidden by the leg of the unicorn. AND DECORATIONS. 427 Four leaves also appear on each stem above the ribbon, and the quarterings of the shield are different, England being in the first and fourth, Scotland In the second, and Ireland in the third. The arms of Hanover, with a crown, are borne as a scutcheon of pretence. It is silver, 2^^. diameter, and has an ornamental loop for suspension. The fleur-de-lys of France were removed by ^Royal Proclamation from the shield of Great Britain in 1801, so this medal was issued after that date. (8) On April 3Oth, 1896, there was sold in New York a silver medal, 3in. diameter, given by the Hudson's Bay Company as a means " of fostering friendly rela- tions with the Indian chiefs." The obverse bears the bust of the King to the left, in armour, by " Kuchler," whose initials are shown beneath the shoulder, surrounded by the legend, Georgius III. D. G. Brittaniarum Rex. fid. def. &c. On the reverse are the arms of the Hudson's Bay Company, with two deer as supporters ; below, a scroll, with the motto, Pro Pelle cutem. The medal was somewhat worn, and was pierced for suspension. It has no date, so that the year of issue cannot be fixed. The date of issue of all the medals with the " young " bust is somewhat hard to fix, but it is ingeniously settled in the before-mentioned work by Mr. Betts in this way : The second medal described was struck as a gift to friendly Indians, who sent an address of congratulation to the King upon his marriage; as the marriage took place on September 8th, 1761, and as several months must have elapsed before the delivery of the address, and as all the reverses of the medals are the same, the year 1762 was probably the date of issue. 428 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (9) In 1814 silver and bronze medals were issued, having on the obverse an " old " bust of the King to the right, and wearing the robes and collar of the Order of the Garter, and surrounded by the legend, Georgius HI. Dei Gratia Brittaniarum Rex. F. D. The reverse has the Royal Arms of the period, with supporters, and below the elate, 1814. An ornamental loop was fitted for suspension, and the medals were 3in. diameter. The Author has been unable to trace any medals victoria, given to the Indians by either of the succeeding sove- reigns, George IV. or William IV. ; but in 1840 one was issued by Queen Victoria, having on the obverse the bust of the Queen to the left, wearing a diadem, and surrounded by the legend, Victoria Dei Gratia Brittaniarum Regina F.D. The reverse bears the Royal Arms and motto, with the date, 184.0, in the exergue. The medal is silver, 3in. diameter, with a ring for suspension. An exactly similar medal to the above, but ifin. diameter, was issued at the same time for services rendered in 1837. The medal, given by Queen Victoria in 1840, is sometimes found with the Prince of Wales' plumes and the date 1860 engraved on the field of the obverse, to the right and left respec- tively of the Queen's head. This signifies that the medal was given by the then Prince of Wales (after- wards King Edward VII.) during his visit to Canada, in 1860. In 1875 a medal was issued by the Canadian Government to Indian chiefs who entered into certain agreements with the Governor. The obverse bears a somewhat similar bust of the Queen as that on the New Zealand medal. On one side is the word Victoria, and on the other Regina. The reverse shows a AND DECORATIONS. 429 British field officer on the left, clasping the hand of an Indian chief on the right; behind the officer is the sun just appearing above the horizon, and behind the Indian is an encampment. Above are the words, Indian Treaty No. — , and below, 187 — , leaving the number and date of the treaty to be subsequently filled in. The medal is silver, 3in. diameter, and has a loop for suspension. These medals were much valued by the natives who received them, and many references to them are found in records of travel amongst the Indian tribes. Even to this day many of them are worn by the des- cendants of the original recipients. In a recently published account of Reil's Rebellion, in 1885, Major-General Strange, describing the battle of Frog Lake on May 24th, say : " The fallen Indian was the Chief. He wore the Queen's medal, supplied by the Canadian Government, and ornament about the size of an agricultural trophy for a prize pig. These medals are solid silver, and much valued by the chiefs, who hand them down from father to son. Some of them bear the image and superscription of good King George III. The next morning, on passing the spot where he fell, I noticed the tall athletic figure of the dusky warrior as he lay like a bronze statue. He had lost his scalp, and his medal." BRITISH ORDERS. S a large number of the following Orders are worn by officers of the army and navy — having in many cases been given for distinguished services — a brief description of each of them is quite within the range of this book. The first in order of importance, and which is the oldest and most illus- trious in Europe, is : THE MOST NOBLE ORDER OF THE GARTER (K.G.) The Garter, instituted by King Edward III., in 1348. There are twenty-six Knights, including the Sovereign and the Prince of Wales. The garter is of dark blue velvet, embroidered in gold, with the motto, Honi soil qui mal y pense; the buckle and clasp are gold, and it has a gold embroidered edge. The Queen wears it on the left arm, above the elbow, and the Knights on the left leg, below the knee. The collar is of gold, and was added by King Henry VII. It weighs 3607. r and consists of twenty-six buckled garters, and alter- nately knots of cords. The garters encircle alternately a red rose charged with a white one, and a white rose charged with a red one. " The George " is worn as a pendant to the collar, and is a figure of St. George and the Dragon in coloured enamels. The lesser George — similar to the above, but encircled by BRITISH WAR MEDALS. 431 a buckled garter, forming an oval — is worn on the right side with the dark blue ribbon of the Order, sus- pended from the left shoulder. The star is of silver, with eight radiated points; in the centre is the cross of St. George in red enamel, on a white background; it is encircled by a blue enamelled garter and motto, in silver letters, and is worn on the left breast. THE MOST NOBLE ANJD MOST ANCIENT ORDER OF THE THISTLE (OF SCOTLAND) (K.T.), the origin of The Thistle which is unknown, was revived, in 1540, by King James V. of Scotland. The Order consists of the Sovereign and sixteen Knights. The collar is of gold, and is made up of sixteen thistles, alternating with the same number of sprigs of rue — four in each group, interlaced; they are all enamelled in proper colours. The badge is a gold, eight-pointed star, with an enamelled figure of St. Andrew bearing a silver cross; it is worn as a pendant to the collar. Another badge is similar in design to the above, but is surrounded by an oval band charged with the motto of the Order, Nemo me impune lacessit. It is worn on the right side depending from a broad, dark green ribbon which crosses the left shoulder. The star is silver, with rays in the form of a St. Andrew's cross, and has rays issuing from between the limbs in the form of a lozenge; in the centre, on a gold background, is a thistle, enamelled in proper colours, surrounded by a dark green band, charged with the motto in gold letters. THE MOST ILLUSTRIOUS ORDER OF ST. PATRICK (K.P.) was instituted by George III., in 1783, and con- st Patrick, sists of the Sovereign, the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, and twenty-two Knights. The collar is of gold, and consists of six harps and five red and white roses, 432 BRITISH WAR MEDALS enamelled, tied togther with knots of gold. The badge is of gold, and is oval in form. It is pendent from the collar by a harp, and has the cross of St. Patrick, with a shamrock in the centre, on each leaf of which is a gold imperial crown ; the whole is sur- rounded by a light blue enamelled circle bearing the motto, Quis Separabit, and the date, MDCCLXXXIIL The star is worn on the left side, and is similar to the badge in design, but is sur- rounded by a circular, instead of an oval, band, and has eight points, radiating from it. THE MOST HONOURABLE ORDER OF THE BATH was The Bath, first instituted by King Henry IV., in 1399, and re- vived by King George I., in 1725. The Civil Orders were added in 1847. The Order consists of three classes : (1) Knights Grand Cross (G.C.B.) : Fifty Military Knights and twenty-five Civil Knights. (2) Knight Commanders (K.C.B.) : 125 Military and eighty Civil Knights. (3) Companions (C.B.) : 690 Military and 250 Civil Knights. The Military Order is only conferred on officers of, or above, the rank of major in the army, or com- mander in the navy, and only for services against the enemy. The collar is of gold, and weighs 30 oz. It consists of nine imperial crowns, and eight groups of rose, shamrock, and thistle, enamelled in proper colours, issuing from a sceptre, and linked together with seventeen white enamelled knots ; it has the badge for a pendant. The badge is a gold cross of eight points, enamelled white, and in each angle is a gold lion. In the centre are a rose, shamrock, and thistle, issuing from a sceptre, between three imperial crowns, AND DECORATIONS. 433 and surrounded by a red enamelled circle, charged with the motto, in gold letters, Tria juncta in uno. The circle is surrounded by two laurel-branches, and below is a blue, enamelled scroll, bearing the motto, Ich dien, in gold letters. The G.C.B. badge is worn with a red ribbon across the right shoulder. The K.C.B. is worn by a red ribbon round the neck, and the C.B. by a red ribbon on the left breast. The C.G.B. star is a gold, Maltese cross, mounted on a silver, flaming star; in the centre of the cross is the motto, on a red enamelled circle, and inside it are three imperial crowns. The circle is surrounded by an olive-wreath. On the lower limb of the cross is the motto, Ich dien, in gold letters, on a blue enamelled scroll. On the K.C.B. star the Maltese cross is omitted, and the star itself is in the form of a silver cross patee. The C.B. merely has the cross as badge, which does not, like the others, carry the honour of knighthood with it. The C.B. badge is ifin. square, and weighs 1.48707.; the K.C.B. badge is 2jin. square, and weighs 2.03207.; and the G.C.B. is 3jin. square, and weighs 3.11002. In accordance with a recent order these are now given in silver-gilt, instead of pure gold. The stars granted in the earlier part of the century vary in size, as formerly the Knights had to buy their own, and they were made to suit their individual ideas. The Civil Orders, which are occasionally bestowed on officers for services rendered in times of peace, consist of a badge and star. The badge is oval, and made of gold; in the centre is the device of the Order, in filigree work, surrounded by the garter FF 434 BRITISH WAR MEDALS charged with the motto. The badge of all three classes is alike, only varying in size. The Civil G.C.B. star has eight rays, and in the centre three crowns on a white ground, surrounded by the motto, on a red enamelled ground. The K.C.B. Civil star is the same as that of the Military Order, only omitting the laurel-wreath and the motto. The old badges of the Military Order, previous to 1815, of which there was only one class, were exactly the same as those instituted for the Civil Orders in 1847. The only way to distinguish between the old Military, and the modern Civil badges is by the " hall-mark." All those bearing a hall-mark, pre- vious to 1815, are obviously Military badges. The gold and enamelled Military cross was instituted in 1815. THE MOST EXALTED ORDER OF THE STAR OF star of INDIA, instituted by Queen Victoria in 1861, consists a> of the Sovereign, the Viceroy of India, and twenty- five Knights. It is divided into three classes, and was enlarged in 1866, 1875, and 1876 : (1) Knights Grand Commanders (G.C.S. I.): Thirty members — eighteen native and twelve European. (2) Knights Commanders (K. C.S.I.) : Seventy-two members. (3) Companions (C.S.I.): 144 members. The collar is of gold, and is composed of roses, lotus-flowers, and palm-branches ; the roses are alter- nately red and white, and the other emblems are enamelled in proper colours; in the centre is the imperial crown, from which the badge depends. The badge consists of a brilliant star of five points, to which is suspended an oval, cameo, profile bust of Queen Victoria. Encircling it, on light blue enamel, AND DECORATIONS. 435 is the motto, Heaven's Light our Guide, in gold letters. The investment badge is similar in design to the above, but the star, the setting of the cameo, and the motto, are all of diamonds. It is worn with a sky- blue ribbon with narrow, white edges. The star is of diamonds, five-pointed, and on a gold field, radiated. It is surrounded by a light blue enamelled circle, charged with the motto in diamonds; the whole is encircled by wavy rays of gold. THE MOST DISTINGUISHED ORDER OF ST. MICHAEL AND ST. GEORGE was founded by George IV., in st. Michael 1818, and extended in 1868 and 1877. I* now con- s"t. George, sists of fifty Knights Grand Cross (G.C.M.G.), 150 Knights Commanders (K.C.M.G.), and 260 Com- panions (C.M.G.). The collar is of gold, and consists alternately of lions of England, and white, enamelled Maltese crosses, and the monograms, S. M. and S. G. In the centre of the collar are two winged lions holding a book and seven arrows. The badge is a seven-pointed star of double rays, enamelled white, and edged with gold; in the centre, on one side, is a figure of St. Michael defeating Satan, and on the other side, St. George and the Dragon. Sur- rounding them is a blue, enamelled circle, charged with the motto, Auspicium melioris cevi, and sur- mounted by an imperial crown. The ribbon is of Saxon-blue, with a scarlet stripe down the centre. The star of the Knights Grand Cross is composed of seven silver rays with a gold ray between each, and over all the cross of St. George, enamelled red. In the centre is a figure of St. Michael and Satan, surrounded by a blue, enamelled circle, inscribed, Auspicium melioris ccvi. The Knights Commanders' Cross is of eight points, with a similar cross above, FF 2 436 BRITISH WAR MEDALS and St. George's Cross in red enamel, the centre having the same effigy and motto as the other cross. THE MOST EMINENT ORDER OF THE INDIAN iS EMPIRE was instituted by Queen Victoria in 1878, and consists of the Sovereign, the Viceroy of India (Grand Master), eight Knights Grand Commanders (G.C.I. E.), the Indian Councillors (K.C.I.E.), and 120 Companions (C.I.E.). The badge is a gold rose, enamelled red, with five leaves ; each leaf is charged with a letter of the word India. In the centre is a bust of Queen Victoria, surrounded by a purple, enamelled circle, inscribed, Victoria Imperatrix; the whole is surmounted by an imperial crown. It is worn suspended from a ribbon of imperial purple. On the more recent badges the letters are omitted on the rose-leaves. The collar is composed of elephants, lotus-flowers, peacocks, and Indian roses. The star is of five rays, with the bust of Queen Victoria on a gold centre, surrounded by a purple enamelled circle, charged with the motto of the order, Imperatricis Auspiciis. THE ROYAL ORDER OF VICTORIA AND ALBERT was victoria and instituted in 1862, and enlarged in 1864, 1865, and ert 1880. It is composed of the Sovereign and forty-five Ladies, and is divided into four classes, the first of which is composed entirely of royal personages, British as well as foreign. The ribbon is white moire, ijin. wide. The insignia of the first and second classes consist of an onyx cameo with the busts of Queen Victoria and the Prince Consort, surmounted by an Imperial crown. The first-class badge is set in diamonds, and that of the second class in pearls. The third-class badge is in AND DECORATIONS. 437 the form of a monogram, V. & A., in pearls and rubies. THE IMPERIAL ORDER OF THE CROWN OF INDIA was instituted in 1878, and is given solely to natives and persons holding offices under the Indian Government. The badge consists of the monogram, V.R.I., in diamonds, turquoises, and pearls. It is surmounted by an oval border of pearls, and is surrounded by a jewelled imperial crown. It is worn from a light blue, watered ribbon, edged with white. THE DISTINGUISHED SERVICE ORDER (D.S.O.) was instituted by Royal Warrant in 1886. It is bestowed J?;s-uished on officers of the navy, land forces, marines, and the service. Indian or colonial naval or military forces, who have been specially mentioned in dispatches for meritorious or distinguished service in the field, or before the enemy. The Order ranks next to the Order of the Indian Empire. The Royal Warrant says : We have taken into our royal consideration that the means of adequately rewarding- the distinguished services of officers in our naval and military services who have been honourably mentioned in dispatches are limited. Now, for the purpose of attaining an end so desirable as that of rewarding individual instances of meritorious or distinguished service in war, we have instituted a new naval and military order of distinction, which we are desirous should be highly prized by the officers of our naval and military services. The badge consists of a gold cross patee convexed, ifin. square, enamelled white, edged with gold, having on the obverse, in the centre, within a wreath of laurel enamelled green, the imperial crown in gold, upon a red enamelled ground. On the reverse, the monogram, V.R.I., within a laurel-wreath, and upon a red enamelled ground. It is worn upon the left breast, and is suspended from a red ribbon, lin. wide, edged with blue. 438 BRITISH WAR MEDALS By a Royal Warrant, dated July 24th, 1902, it was ordained that the D.S.O. should rank after the fourth class of the Royal Victorian Order; and on October 20th, 1902, it was ordered that the badge on the reverse should be altered to E.R. VII. On May 29th, 1903, an alteration was made, and it was arranged that this Order should rank next to, and immediately after, the Royal Victorian Order, and that the badge shall bear the royal cypher E.R.I, on the reverse. THE ROYAL RED CROSS (R.R.C.), instituted on Roycrolsd April 27tri, 1883, is given to any ladies or nursing- ' sisters who may be recommended for special exertions in attending to the sick and wounded soldiers (or sailors) in the field or in military hospitals. The badge is a crimson enamelled cross, edged with gold, ijin. diameter, having on the four arms, Faith, Hope, Charity, and the date — 1883. In the centre is a bust of Queen Victoria. The reverse is plain, with the royal cypher and imperial crown on the centre, in relief. The cross is attached to a dark blue ribbon, lin. wide, with red edges, tied in a bow, and is worn on the left shoulder. THE ORDER OF BRITISH INDIA (O.B.I.) is conferred British upon native commissioned offiers of the Indian army a' for long and faithful service. Class I. is a gold, radiated star, i|in. diameter. In the centre is a lion, on a light blue enamelled ground, within a narrow dark blue band, inscribed, Order of British India, and inclosed in a laurel- wreath ; a crown and ring above for suspension. Class II. a similar badge, ijin. diameter, with dark blue centre, but without the crown for suspension. Reverse, plain in both classes. AND DECORATIONS. 439 The decoration is worn round the neck. The ribbon is red in both cases; formerly it was light blue. This Order was instituted in 1837 as a reward for " long, faithful, and honourable service," by the East India Company. It is conferred upon native non-commissioned officers, and consists of two classes. The first carries with it the title of Sirdar Bahadur, with an allowance of .two rupees a day; and the second the title of Bahadur with one rupee a day, and on transfer to the pension-list the allowance is added to the usual pension. THE IMPERIAL MEDAL OF INDIA. — Gold and silver medals were given when Queen Victoria was pro- imperial claimed Empress of India, on January ist, 1877. On India. ° the obverse is a crowned and veiled bust of the Queen, with the legend, Victoria, ist January, 1877. On the reverse, in Persian, English, and Hindoostani, Empress of India. The ribbon is crimson with yellow edges, i|in. wide. This medal was given in gold to the native chiefs of India, in silver to one man in every regiment, British and native, serving in India at the time, and to leading civilians. It is worn suspended from the neck, and is 2-3in. diameter, with a straight clasp and swivel for suspension. It is not worn by soldiers in uniform. THE IMPERIAL JUBILEE MEDAL. — Given to members of the royal family, the royal guests, and the officers TUbiiee commanding the various guards of honour on the occasion of Queen Victoria's Jubilee, June, 1887. Reverse, a bust of Her Majesty, the same as that on the Jubilee coinage, surrounded by the legend, Victoria D.G. Regina et Imperatrix F.D. Obverse, In commemoration of the $oth. year of the Reign of Queen Victoria, June 2 ist. 1887, surmounted by a 440 BRITISH WAR MEDALS crown and surrounded by a wreath of roses, sham- rocks, and thistles. Ribbon, light blue with a dark blue stripe down the centre. The medal is iT%in. diameter, and was given in gold, and also in silver and bronze, to other officials and members of the Household. A similar medal was issued on the occasion of the 6oth anniversary of the Queen's accession in June, 1897, having a similar obverse, but bearing on the reverse the same inscription, but with 6oth. substituted for the other number, and the date altered to June 20, 1897. Those who were already in possession of the 1887 medal received a bar, dated i#97, instead of a second medal, which was worn on the ribbon. Like the first, it was given in gold, silver, and bronze. The officers of the detachment of colonial troops who came to London for the Jubilee Procession received, amongst others, the medal in silver, and the men in bronze. There were over 900 recipients. THE BARONETS OF NOVA SCOTIA. — This order was Noya instituted by King James I., in November, 1624, and Baronets* confirmed by Charles I. in November, 1629, and con- ferred on 100 Baronets. The badge consisted of a gold shield, enamelled white, on which is St. Andrew's cross, enamelled blue. In the centre of the shield is a smaller gold shield charged with the Scottish Lion, enamelled red. Above, is a royal crown, enamelled in proper colours. The whole is surrounded by a blue enamelled oval border, charged with the motto of the Order in gold letters, Fax Mentis Honestae Gloria. A ring for suspension. Ribbon, orange. The badge is ifin. by 2in., and is extremely rare. Both sides are alike. AND DECORATIONS. 441 In August, 1835, the Baronets of England were anxious that insignia should be granted to their Order, Baronet's and a committee petitioned the Heralds' College toB' that effect. Amongst other insignia which they con- sidered desirable was a gold badge in the shape of a double Maltese cross, enamelled white. In the centre is a red hand of Ulster, surrounded by a purple enamelled garter, charged with the words Institudionis, A.D. 1611. The cross rests on a green enamelled laurel-wreath, and is suspended from a royal crown. Permission to wear the insignia was not granted. THE ORDER OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM. — Originally instituted at the close of the nth century, it was st. John of revived in May, 1888. The badge is of gold, in the shape of an eight-pointed star, enamelled white on one side only, the reverse being plain gold. Be- tween the four arms are alternately a lion and a lamb. Ribbon, black watered-silk. The badges of the lower grades are similar in shape, but made of silver-gilt. Medals are also given in silver and bronze, having on the obverse a Maltese cross, sur- rounded by the legend, For service in the cause of humanity. Reverse, a sprig of St. John's Wort, with which are inscribed scrolls bearing the words, Jeru- salem, England, and surrounded by the legend, Awarded by the Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in England. QUEEN'S MESSENGER'S BADGE.— A silver-gilt garter, inscribed with the motto of the Order of the Garter, Queen's , , Messen- and surmounted by an Imperial crown. Below is suspended a silver greyhound at full gallop. Inside the garter is an ivory disc, on which is painted the 442 BRITISH WAR MEDALS royal coat of arms; above V.R. Ribbon, blue. For some years past this badge has not been used. THE ROYAL VICTORIAN ORDER. — Instituted April Vio°dearn 2Ist» l896- The number of members is unlimited, and it is bestowed alike on British subjects and foreigners. There are five classes, including Knights Grand Cross, Knights Commanders, and Com- manders. The badge is a Maltese cross of eight points, enamelled white. In the centre, on a red enamelled ground, is the monogram, V.R.I., in gold, surrounded by an oval band, enamelled garter-blue, on which, in gold letters, is the word Victoria. An Imperial crown, enamelled in proper colours, sur- mounts all. This badge is worn by the first class, suspended from the ribbon over the right shoulder; by the second and third classes round the neck ; and by the fourth class on the left breast. The badges vary in size in the first, second, and fourth classes, those of the second and third being the same. The fifth class wear on the left breast a badge the same size as that of the fourth class, but it is of frosted silver, instead of being enamelled. The first-class star is of silver, of eight points, and in the centre the enamelled badge, as above described. The second class star is in the form of a silver Maltese cross, with smaller rays between the arms, and with the badge in the centre in silver instead of white enamel. Ribbon, dark blue with three narrow stripes — red, white, red — at either edge. The medal, or 6th class of the Order, has on the obverse, the bust of Queen Victoria to the left, surmounted by the legend, Victoria Regina et Imperatrix. Reverse, upon an oval lozenge, sur- rounded by scrolls, the imperial monogram V.R. I. Below, on a ribbon, Royal Victorian Medal, with an AND DECORATIONS. 443 imperial crown and ring for suspension. The medal is bronze, ijin. diameter. THE ORDER OF MERIT. — Instituted in 1902. A gold cross, patee convexed, enamelled red. Obverse, the order of King's monogram, E.R. VII., on a blue enamelled ground, in the centre. Reverse, in the centre, For Merit. A Tudor crown surmounts the cross. The military Order has two*silver crossed swords between the arms of the cross. Ribbon, 2in. wide, half red and half blue. THE IMPERIAL SERVICE ORDER. — Instituted, August August 8th, 1902. Open only to members of the imperial Administrative or Clerical Branches of the Civil Ser- Medal. vice who have been 25 years in meritorious service ; or 16 years in districts recognised as unhealthy. The number of Companions is not to exceed 425, of whom 250 shall belong to the Home Civil Service. Those who are not eligible for appointment as Companions may, on retirement after the same periods of duty, be awarded a medal, to be designated The Imperial Service Medal. The decoration is a gold medallion, with the royal cypher, E.R. VII., on one side, and For Faithful Service on the other; both in dark blue enamel. Companions will bear the letters I.S.O. after their names. The medal is a bronze star of eight points, surmounted by a crown on a silver centre, the cypher E.R. VII. , surrounded by For Faithful Service, both in blue enamel. Reverse, plain. Ribbon, ijin. wide, scarlet watered silk, with a French grey stripe Jin. wide down the centre. Since 1908 women of the Civil Service have been eligible for the Com- panionship and Medal of the Order. The badge is 444 BRITISH WAR MEDALS. worn by women on the left shoulder, suspended by the ribbon, fashioned into a bow; and, instead of the badge having a star, it is surrounded by a silver laurel-wreath. THE KAISAR-I-HIND MEDAL. — Instituted, May nth, KaiHhi"d I9OO» f°r anv person, without distinction of race, occu- Medai. pation, position, or sex, who shall have distinguished himself (or herself) by important and useful service in the advancement of the public interest in India. There are two classes, the first being awarded by the Sovereign, and the second by the Governor-General of India. The decoration consists of an oval-shaped badge, in gold for the first and silver for the second class. Obverse, the Royal cypher in the centre. Reverse, Kaisar-i-Hind, for public service in India. Ribbon, dark blue, worn on the left breast. FOREIGN ORDERS WORN BY BRITISH SOLDIERS. HE following Orders have been at various times bestowed upon British officers and soldiers by foreign potentates, for military services, and also for individual deeds of heroism in campaigns shared by our allies. Permission has been given to receive and wear all those described. ABYSSINIA. THE ORDER OF SOLOMON.— Given to Admiral Sir Wm. Hewitt. A gold filigree star of six points, formed of two interlaced triangles, Jin. broad. The star is 2 Jin. square over the points, and has two bars in the middle arranged at right angles to each other. On the horizontal arm of the central cross are three rubies, and on the vertical arm two emeralds. A curious gold suspender is attached, somewhat in the shape of a capital A. The front has a curious design engraved all round the star, and the reverse is in- scribed in native characters, The cross has conquered the strangers of Ishmael; the King of Kings, John the King of the Lion of Ethiopia. 446 BRITISH WAR MEDALS AFGHANISTAN. ORDER OF THE DOORANEE. — This Order was given by Shah Shoojah to British officers in 1839. The badge consists of a gold eight-pointed cross, with balls at the points, mounted on two crossed swords. In the centre is a circle of pearls, within which, on a blue and green enamelled ground, in gold Persian letters, the following words are inscribed : Pearl of the Age. Two crossed swords and an eight-barred crown are used as suspenders. Ribbon, red and green. There were three classes of this decoration. Six of the first, eighteen of the second, and forty of the third were given. The first- class star has in the centre the gold Maltese cross, crossed swords, &c., of the badge, and with a diamond in the centre of each arm of the cross; a row of seventeen large pearls surrounds the central enamelled device. The whole is mounted upon an eight-pointed silver cut star. The second-class badge has twenty pearls on the central band, and is 2 Jin. square and 3 Jin. from the top of the crown to the balls on the lowest limbs of the cross. The reverse has a scarlet enamelled centre, with a green enamelled circular border, with gold lines traced over it. In the centre, in gold letters, is the inscription, 2nd class: 2$rd July, 1839. The badge weighs loz. The third-class badge is of similar design, but is i^in. square and 2-j^in. from bottom to top. It has only fourteen pearls in the centre of the obverse. The Star of the Second Class is an eight-pointed silver cut cross, with rays between the arms. On it is a smaller gold star of similar design, but with crossed swords instead of rays between the arms. The centre is of dark blue AND DECORATIONS. 447 enamel, with a green enamelled flower, and gold letters, and with a gold circle charged with eighteen pearls. AUSTRIA. ORDER OF MARIA THERESA. — See page 20. ORDER OF LEOPOLD. — An octagonal gold cross, enamelled red, with whfte edges. The centre is also red, on which is enamelled the Imperial monogram, F.J.A. Around 'this is a white enamelled band, inscribed, Integritate et Merito. The whole is sur- mounted by the Imperial crown of Austria as a sus- pender. Ribbon, scarlet with white edges. ORDER OF FRAXZ-JOSEPH. — A red enamelled cross patee, with a gold edge, having in the centre of the obverse, on a white circle, with gold edge, the letters, F.]., and on the reverse the date, 1849. Between the arms of the cross is the two-headed Austrian eagle, enamelled black, holding in its beak a gold chain, in the lower links of which is the motto, Viribus unitis. The cross is suspended from a crown. Ribbon, dark red. ORDER OF THE IRON CROWN. — The badge is of gold, and consists of the iron crown, on which is the Aus- trian eagle, crowned, with a sword in one claw and an orb in the other. On the obverse, the eagle has a blue shield on its breast, with a gold F on it ; and on the reverse the date 1816 in gold. Ribbon, orange, with two green stripes. BAVARIA. ORDER OF MAXIMILIAN JOSEPH. — A gold cross, enamelled white, with golden rays in the angles; in 448 BRITISH WAR MEDALS the centre of the obverse the initials of the founder — Maximilian Joseph — in gold. On the reverse, the motto of the Order, Virtuti pro patria. Ribbon, black with narrow white and blue borders. ORDER OF ST. MICHAEL. — A gold Maltese cross, enamelled blue; in the centre a figure of St. Michael standing upon Satan and surrounded by flames. The whole surmounted by a gold crown. Ribbon, light blue with red edges. The star is of silver, of eight points, on which is a gold Maltese cross, with the letters P.F.P.F. on each arm. The centre is enamelled blue, with the motto, Quis ut Deus, in raised gold letters. BELGIUM. ORDER OF LEOPOLD. — Instituted in 1832, and divided into five classes. A white enamelled cross, with branches of oak and laurel between the points, surmounted by a royal crown. The Military Orders have two crossed swords placed under the crown. Obverse, in the centre of the cross, the arms of the kingdom, on black enamel, surrounded by a red circle, on which is the motto of the Order, L' Union fait la force. Reverse, the cypher of the king, in a monogram on a black ground, within one red and two small gold circles. Ribbon, crimson-watered silk. The star is of silver, with a gold lion on a black enamelled ground, surrounded by the motto. Two crossed swords between the points of the star. CHINA. ORDERS OF THE BUTTON (RUBY AND BLUE). — Gold medals, having on the obverse the Imperial arms of China, with red or blue crystal in the centre. AND DECORATIONS. 449 Reverse, in Chinese letters, The Imperially-bestowed Precious Star of the First Rank, Ta Tsing, the Great Tsing. The medal is worn suspended from a gold pin on the breast. From the lower side of the medal two green tassels are suspended, tied with pink and red silk. ORDER OF THE CRYSTAL BUTTON. — This is of silver, and has an ornamental design on the obverse, with a clear crystal ball in the centre. Reverse, in Chinese letters, For Encouragement of Merit, Military Valour. The decoration is worn with a yellow silk braid, with shaded blue threads. From the lower side of the medal are suspended two blue tassels, knotted with pink silk. ORDER OF THE GREEN BUTTON. — A silver medal, with a green, crystal ball in the centre. Obverse, Chinese characters signifying Imperial Reward, issued from the Office of the Intendant of the Pro- vince of Kiang-Su. Reverse, ornamental scrolls. Ribbon, yellow braid, and, from a loop below, two blue tassels, knotted with red silk. Four men of the 67th Foot received this decoration, and one specimen is in the Murray collection. ORDER OF VALOUR. — Tsaing t'sz wu Kung Tai Tsing un Shang. (Conferred by favour of Military Merit; an Imperial Reward of the Great Tsing.) A gold medal ifin. diameter with a Chinese inscription on both sides, and with two dragons curled round the outside. It is suspended by three small gold chains, each of three links, to an ornamental cross-bar com- posed of dragons, which in turn is similarly sus- pended from another bar slightly different in design from the lower one. Three more short chains are GG 450 BRITISH WAR MEDALS attached to a bar, ijin. wide, with a rectangular open- ing in the middle, and two more chains attach the whole to a gold ring, through which is passed a yellow ribbon, ijin. wide. COBOURG. ORDER OF SAXE-ERNESTINE. — A gold eight-pointed Maltese Cross with a gold ball on each point. The cross is enamelled white and surmounted by a gold crown. Between each of the arms is a lion. In the centre of the obverse is the bust of Duke Ernest, sur- rounded by a blue enamelled border with the motto Fideleter et constanter, inside a green enamelled oak- wreath. On the reverse are the arms of Saxony in gold and enamel within a blue enamelled band charged in gold letters 25 December, 1833, an<^ surrounded by a green enamelled oak-wreath. Ribbon : Red watered silk, with green edges. DENMARK. ORDER OF THE DANNEBORG. — Obverse, an oblong cross, enamelled white, with red borders, and encased in gold; above the cross the initials of the king under a royal crown, a golden crown in each of the angles. In the centre under a crown, in monogram, the initial €.5., and, on the wings, Gud og Kongen. Reverse, under a crown the letter W., and on the wings 1219, 1671, 1808, the years of the foundation, renewal, and reorganisation of the Order. Ribbon, white, with red stripes near the borders. FRANCE. LEGION OF HONOUR. — See pages 97 and 98. VALEUR ET DISCIPLINE. — See page 98. GENEVA CROSS. — See page 482. AND DECORATIONS. 451 GREECE. ORDER OF THE REDEEMER. — A gold octagonal cross, enamelled white, a wreath of oak and laurel, ena- melled green, connecting the arms of the cross. In the centre, on an enamelled blue ground, is a white Greek cross, surrounded by a Greek inscription. A gold crown for suspension. On the obverse, an effigy of King Otho. Ribbbn, light blue watered with white edges. The star is of silver radiations, with a similar design to the obverse of the cross in the centre. HANOVER. ROYAL GUELPHIC ORDER. — Founded in 1815 by H.R.H. the Prince Regent, and discontinued when Hanover ceased to be under the Government of this country. The cross or badge is of gold, with a lion between each division ; in the centre, on a red ena- melled ground, is the white horse of Hanover, sur- rounded by a light blue enamelled circle, charged with the motto, in gold letters, Nee Aspera Terrent; surrounding the circle is a laurel-wreath. On the reverse is the monogram, G.R., in gold letters on a red ground, surmounted by the British crown. Sur- rounding it is a gold circle, with the date of the institution of the Order, MDCCCXV. The cross is surmounted by the Hanoverian crown, and below it are two crossed swords. The star is of silver, of eight points; the centre is similar to the centre of the badge, but has two crossed swords between the divisions of the star, in gold, on the silver radiations. The ribbon is light blue watered silk. The Civil Order is of exactly the same design as the Military, with the exception of the crossed swords, GG 2 452 BRITISH WAR MEDALS which are omitted on the star and the badge, and an oak-wreath is substituted for the laurel-wreath. The first class badge, K.G.C., of the Civil Order is 2jin. square, exclusive of the crown, and including it 3 Jin. long to the loop for suspension. It weighs loz. 8dwt. I2gr. The K.C. is ifin. square, and the Knight's cross is ijin. square, the design of all being the same. The fourth class of the Order consists of a gold or silver medal, having on the obverse the bust of the Prince Regent, and on the reverse the inscription, Verdienst urns Vaterland, the whole surrounded by a laurel-wreath. The name and rank of the recipient are engraved on the edge. HESSE. ORDER OF PHILIP THE MAGNANIMOUS.— A gold cross enamelled white, patee concaved. On the obverse a full length figure of Phillippe-le-Bon on a blue enamelled oval centre, within a white enamelled band charged with the motto in gold letters Si Deus nobiscum quis contra nos. Reverse, the arms of Hesse surrounded by a white enamelled band inscribed Ludovicus II. magnus dux Hassiae instituit. Ribbon, red with blue edges. HOLLAND. ORDER OF THE LION. — Obverse, a gold cross, enamelled white, and, with gold balls on the eight points. Between the arms of the cross a gold W. On the centre a lion rampant, crowned and holding a sword. A gold crown for suspension. Reverse, on a blue ground, the motto, Virtus nobilitat. Ribbon, AND DECORATIONS. 453 blue with orange edges. The first class star is of gold, of eight points. In the middle a Maltese cross, in the centre of which is the motto of the Order, on a blue enamelled ground. The second class is of similar design, but has no radiations forming a star. It is surmounted by a crown. THE ORDER OF WILLIAM. — A gold octagonal cross, enamelled white, with balls at each of the points. On each arm is one of the following words : Voor, Moed, Belied, Trouw. A green enamelled leaf be- tween each arm, and surmounted by a gold crown for suspension. Reverse, a blue enamelled centre, on which is a gold W, surrounded by a wreath. Ribbon, orange with blue edges. The first class star is of silver, of eight points, in the centre of which is a facsimile of the cross. The second class star is of exactly similar design to the cross, and is surmounted by a crown. ITALY. PAPAL MEDAL. — See page 107. MILITARY ORDER OF SAVOY. — Obverse, a red enamelled Geneva cross, of gold, for the first and second classes, and silver for the third class, upon which is an enamelled white cross, surrounded by a green enamelled laurel-wreath, the whole surmounted by a crown. Reverse, without enamel, in the centre the monogram V.E., beneath a crown. Ribbon, light blue watered. The star of the first class is of silver, with eight flaming rays. The centre is enamelled blue, on which is the monogram F.E., crowned, and surrounded by the motto, Al Merito ed al Valore. ORDER OF THE CROWN. — A gold cross patee, with gold edge, enamelled white, with gold cords twisted 454 BRITISH WAR MEDALS between the arms. In the centre a blue enamelled circle, with a gold border ; and with the Iron crown in gold in the middle. Suspended from a ring. Ribbon, red with a white stripe down the centre. NAVAL MEDAL FOR VALOUR. — For services rendered at the wreck of the Italian emigrant ship, Utopia, off Gibraltar, on March i7th, 1891, the King of Italy distributed silver and bronze medals to a few officers and men of the Royal Navy. Obverse, the Italian shield, crowned, and surrounded by a wreath of oak and palms. Outside, the legend, Al Valore di Marina. Reverse, an oak - wreath, inside which is engraved the recipient's name. Ribbon, dark blue with two white stripes near the edges. The following is a list of the recipients, for which the Author is indebted to Messrs. E. and E. Emanuel, of Portsea : Officers, silver : Captain B. F. Clark. Lieuts. A. J. Hotham, Harry Jones, R. Sullivan, A. H. Tremayne, R. H. Bacon, W. G. Ruck-Keene, and H. E. T. Worthington. Act.-Lieut., R.N.R., Chas. H. Watkins. Sub.-Lieut., Sampson Sladen. Midshipmen, C. A. W. Wrightson and W. D. Paton. Gunner, J. J. Tapper. Men, bronze : E. J. Aggar, Saml. Baker, Jas. Case, Jas. Connor, G. Courtis, Chas. Damany, Jas. Farrell, Wm. Freago, Ezekiel Gibbs, F. G. M. Harper, John Hodge, Jas. Knight, Chas. Launder, Hy. Lee, Edw. Bennett, Arthur Leslie, Geo. Lewis, Hy. Longstaff, Wm. Lyne, Jas. Mahoney, Wm. Puckey, Arthur Read, Chas. Rowse, Edwin Sams, Geo. Smith, Alex. Soathern, Jas. Stephens, John Sullivan, Saml. Westgate, and W. Wilkes. JAPAN. THE GRAND ORDER OF THE CHRYSANTHEMUM.— Instituted in 1876, the Mikado being the head of the Order. It is the highest Order in the Empire. The star of the decoration is of silver radiations of four AND DECORATIONS. 455 points, enamelled white, with a gold star, enamelled white, fn the centre. The centre of the gold star is of crimson enamel, and is supposed to represent the rising sun and rays. Outside the gold star, and joining the arms of the silver cross, is a wreath of chrysanthemum - leaves, enamelled green, and four chrysanthemum flowers, enamelled yellow, with scarlet centres. On tjie back of the star are four Japanese characters, meaning The Mark of the Grand Order. The badge is similar to the star, but without the silver star, and is suspended by a gold disc, enamelled yellow, and with the same inscription, in gold letters, as on the back of the star. Ribbon, scarlet with blue edges, 3in. wide. ORDER OF THE RISING SUN. — Badge, a star of 32 two-pointed gold and white enamelled rays, with a scarlet enamelled centre; suspended from three flowers and a leaf. Star, similar, but with silver rays. Ribbon, white, with scarlet edges. NORWAY. ORDER OF ST. OLAF. — A white enamelled Maltese cross with gold edge, surmounted by a gold crown, and with gold balls on the points. In the angles the letter O in Gothic characters. On the obverse on a red enamelled ground within a blue border is a lion rampant, crowned, and holding a battle-axe. Reverse : The motto " Ret og Sandhed." Ribbon : Red, with white and blue edges. PERSIA. ORDER OF THE LION AND THE SUN. — A five-pointed, silver star, with points consisting of seven rays of varying lengths; between each arm a green enamelled 456 BRITISH WAR MEDALS ray. In the centre, within a circle of diamond points, a lion couchant, with the rising sun behind him, all enamelled in proper colours. A silver star for sus- pension. Ribbon, green. There are several classes of this Order, some of which wear in addition a star of similar design. PORTUGAL. ORDER OF ST. BENOIT o'Avis. — The badge is a gold cross-fleury, enamelled green, with fleur-de-lys at the four points, pendent from a gold star, enamelled white, with seven points. In the centre, the Sacred Heart, enamelled crimson. The star is silver, with the badge as above in the centre. Ribbon, green. ORDER OF THE TOWER AND SWORD. — A five-pointed star, in white enamel, on gold, suspended from a tower, and surrounded by a green enamelled wreath. Obverse, a sword resting on a wreath of oak, and surrounded by the legend, Valor, Lealdade e Merito. Reverse, an open book; on one page the arms of Portugal ; on the other, Carta Constitutional da Monarquia, surrounded by the legend, Pelo Rei e pela Lei. Ribbon, dark blue. The badges given during the Peninsular War were of gold, and consisted of a star of seven points, enamelled blue and white, and resting upon a wreath suspended from a tower. Obverse, the bust of the king, surrounded by the legend, Joao D.G. Reg. de port. P. Do Brasil. Reverse, a sword resting on a laurel-wreath within a circle, bearing the motto, Valor e lealdo. The first class badge is of large size, similar in design to the above, but of plain gold, without any enamel. The star is of silver, with a AND DECORATIONS. 457 design in the centre similar to the reverse of the badge. See also Portuguese Cross, page 44. ORDER OF CHRIST. — Badge, a red enamelled cross with expanding arms and golden borders, bearing in the centre a smaller cross enamelled white with gold edges. In the first and second class it is surmounted by the Sacred Heart in fed enamel, placed on a white enamelled star with golden rays between the points. Star : A silver radiated star, bearing on its centre the cross of the Order, and surmounted by a cross issuing from the Sacred Heart. Ribbon, red. ORDER OF THE CONCEPTION. — A nine-pointed gold star, enamelled white, and surrounded by golden rays. Between each of the arms of the star a small five-pointed silver star. In the centre, a monogram in gold letters, A.M., and surrounded by a blue enamelled circle, with the motto, Padrocira do Reine. A gold crown for suspension. Ribbon, light blue with two white stripes near the edges. The star is exactly similar in design to the badge. "" PRUSSIA. THE ORDER OF THE BLACK EAGLE. — An octagonal cross, enamelled blue, with a black Prussian eagle between each of the four arms. In the centre, the monogram, F.R., on a gold ground. Ribbon, orange. The star is of silver, of eight points. In the centre, on a gold ground, is a black eagle surrounded by the motto of the order, Suum Cique. THE ORDER OF MILITARY MERIT. — An octagonal gold cross, enamelled sky-blue, with an eagle between 458 BRITISH WAR MEDALS each of the arms. On the top limb is an F, sur- mounted by a crown, and on the others, the motto of the Order divided as follows : Pour-le Me-rite. Ribbon, black with white edges. ORDER OF THE IRON CROSS.— A cast-iron Maltese cross, with a silver rim all round. The upper wing contains the initials, F.W., on the obverse, with a crown above. Three oak-leaves in the centre, and the date, 1815, below. Reverse, plain ; but in those given for services in the war of 1870-71 the reverse has the date, 1870, with a W in the centre, and a crown above. Ribbon, black with white edges. The first class, in addition, wear a cross of similar design instead of a star on the left breast. THE ORDER OF THE RED EAGLE.— A gold Maltese cross, enamelled white. In the centre, a red eagle. On the reverse, in the centre, the monogram, F.W., with a crown above. Ribbon, wrhite with yellow edges. The first-class star is of silver, with eight points. In the centre is the red eagle, surrounded by the motto, Sincere et Constanter. The second- class star is square, with the white enamelled cross, &c., in the centre. RUSSIA. THE ORDER OF ST. ANN. — A gold Maltese cross, enamelled red, with gold filigree work between the arms. In the centre, an enamelled figure of St. Ann Ribbon, crimson with a narrow yellow edge. The star is of silver, with a red enamelled cross on a gold ground. It is surrounded by a red enamelled circle, with the words, Anean Just Piet, Fid., in raised AND DECORATIONS. 459 silver letters upon it. Above, two cupids supporting a crown. ORDER OF ST. STANISLAUS. — Obverse, a red enamelled gold cross, with four double points ; golden balls on each point. In the centre, on a white enamelled ground, S.S. in monogram, surrounded by a green enamelled wreath. Between each arm of the cross the Polish white eagle in gold. Reverse, in the centre the initials similar to those on the ob- verse. Ribbon, poppy-red with white borders. ORDER OF ST. VLADIMIR.— A gold Maltese cross, enamelled red, with black edges. In the centre, on a black ground, the imperial mantle. Ribbon, scarlet with black edges. The star is of silver, of eight points, the centre enamelled blue, and surrounded by a scarlet enamelled circle, on which is a Russian in- scription, signifying Utility, Honour, Glory. ORDER OF THE WHITE EAGLE. — Obverse, the Russian eagle, enamelled black, suspended from an enamelled crown. On its breast, a red enamelled cross, upon which is the white eagle of Poland. Re- verse, on the breast of the eagle, a white enamelled cross, with golden rays between the arms, and on its centre the initials, A.M. in monogram. Ribbon, light blue. ORDER OF ST. GEORGE. — A gold Maltese cross, enamelled white. In the centre, an enamelled figure of St. George and the Dragon. Ribbon, black and yellow stripes alternately. The fifth class have a silver cross similar in design to the above, but without any enamel. The star is of silver-gilt, in the form of a diamond. In the centre, which is of red enamel, is the monogram, S.G., surrounded by a blue enamelled ring, bearing a Russian inscription. 460 BRITISH WAR MEDALS ORDER OF ST. ALEXANDER NEWSKY. — An octa- gonal cross, enamelled red, with the double-headed eagle between each of the arms in gold. On the centre, an enamelled figure of St. Alexander on horseback. Ribbon, scarlet. The star is of silver, with the monogram, S.A., in the centre, surmounted by a crown and surrounded by a scarlet enamelled circle, charged with the motto of the Order in Russian characters. ORDER OF ST. ANDREW. — A St. Andrew's cross, enamelled blue, on which is a figure of St. Andrew crucified. On each of the arms of the cross is one of the following letters: S.A.P.R. (Santus Andreas Protector Russiae). The cross is resting on the Russian eagle, and has an Imperial crown and ring for suspension. Ribbon, sky-blue. The star is of silver, with a gold centre, on which is the Russian Imperial eagle. It is surrounded by a blue enamelled circle, with the words, For Faith and Loyalty, in Russian characters. SARDINIA. ORDER OF ST. MAURICE AND ST. LAZARUS. — Insti- tuted as a Military Order in 1816. A gold cross, enamelled white, for St. Maurice, with the green enamelled cross of St. Lazarus in the angles. Ribbon, green. The cross is suspended from a golden wreath of oak and laurel. The star is of silver, with the crosses enamelled in the centre. MEDAL FOR CRIMEA; AL VALORE MILITARE.— See page 97. SICILY. ORDER OF ST. FERDINAND. — Given for services in 1800. The badge is a gold star, formed of six groups AND DECORATIONS. 461 of golden rays, six Bourbon lilies intervening, and a royal crown above. Obverse, an enamelled figure of St. Ferdinand, crowned and robed, surrounded by a dark blue enamelled circle, charged in gold letters with the words, Fidei et Merito. Reverse, Ferd. IV. Inst. anno 1800. Ribbon, blue with red edges. The star is of silver rays and lilies. In the centre, on a gold ground, is the enamelled figure of St. Ferdinand, and below the motto of the Order, Fidei et Merito. THE ORDER OF ST. JANUARIUS. — A gold octagonal white and red enamelled cross, with golden fleur- de-lys between the arms. In the centre, the figure of St. Januarius in episcopal robes, with a book in his left hand. A fleur-de-lys and ring are provided for suspension. Ribbon, scarlet. The star is of silver, and of the same shape as the cross, and has in the centre a gold figure of the saint. Below the motto, In Sanguine Foedus. THE ORDER OF ST. GEORGE. — A crimson enamelled cross, in the centre of which, on a white enamelled ground, is an effigy of St. George and the Dragon, surrounded by a blue enamelled circle bearing the motto, V ictus in Hoc Signo. Two gold crossed swords divide the arms of the cross, surrounded by a green enamelled laurel-wreath, for Commanders. Ribbon, blue. The star is similar in design to the above, but has silver radiations between the arms of the cross. The Knights Grand Cross have a gold George and the Dragon as a pendent beneath the cross. SPAIN. ORDER OF CHARLES III. — Given for services in 1811. The badge is an eight-pointed gold star, 462 BRITISH WAR MEDALS enamelled white, with gold fleur-de-lys between the angles; a green enamelled wreath is attached to the top for suspension. The centre contains a figure of the Virgin Mary. On the reverse are the letters, C. C. III., and the motto, Virtuti et Merito, sur- rounded by a laurel-wreath. The ribbon is striped blue and white watered silk. The star is of silver, with centre similar to the obverse of the badge for the first class ; and like the reverse of the second class. ORDER OF SAN FERNANDO. — Given for services in 1811. The cross is gold, enamelled white, with four arms, and suspended from the top by a laurel-wreath, enamelled green. Obverse, an enamelled figure of St. Ferdinand; and within a blue enamelled circle, the words, Al Merito Militar. Reverse, two gloves under a crown, on a light blue ground, surrounded by a dark blue circle, inscribed, La Patria. Ribbon, crimson with orange edges. The star is a silver Maltese cross, with a figure of the saint and motto in the centre. Silver engraved crosses were also given to non- commissioned officers. ORDER OF MARIA ISABELLA LOUISA. — A silver cross, given for services during the Carlist War of 1 835-7. Permission to wear it was given in 1843 (2Oth January). In the centre a monogram, formed of the letters M. I. L. Suspended from a ring and a crown. Ribbon, light blue. ORDER OF ISABELLA THE CATHOLIC. — A four- pointed star, enamelled crimson, with gold radiations between the points of the star ; in the centre, a device within a circle, with the motto, A Leilitad Acrisolada, on the obverse. Reverse, a blue ground surrounded by For Isabel La Catolica. A green enamelled laurel- AND DECORATIONS. 463 wreath for suspension. Ribbon, yellow and white. The star is silver gilt, with red enamelled arms and an enamelled centre like the obverse. CROSS FOR TALAVERA. — A gold cross of eight points, enamelled white; golden balls at each point. The obverse and reverse are inscribed, Talavera 28 de Julio de 1809. The cross is worn suspended from a gold crown by*a crimson and black ribbon. It was founded on December 8th, 1810. CROSS FOR CUIDAD RoDERico. — A gold eight- pointed cross, enamelled white, with blue borders, and having a golden ball at each point; in the centre of the obverse a tower on a red ground, in a white circle. Reverse, Valor acreditado en Ciudad Roderigo, on a white ground, surrounded by a gold circle. The cross is worn, suspended by a mural crown, from a blue ribbon. Officers received the cross in gold, privates in silver. Only those who served in the sortie of July roth, 1810, received it. CROSS FOR ALBUHERA. — Instituted on March ist, 1815. A gold cross of four points, enamelled red, and suspended from a laurel-wreath; a white enamelled centre, surrounded by a blue circle, with the word Albuhera. Ribbon, scarlet with blue edges. DECORATION FOR THE BATTLES OF VITTORIA AND THE PYRENEES. — Given by John VI. of Portu- gal ; a circular badge of gold, the words Vitoria and Pyreneos on two enamelled laurel-leaves, the reverse plain. CROSS FOR BILBAO, 1836.— Obverse, a small gold Maltese cross, enamelled blue and white, with gold balls at each of the eight points. Two crossed cannons in the angles, and gold grenades in the centre of each arm. The centre enamelled red, with a gold 464 BRITISH WAR MEDALS tower, surrounded by the legend, Salvo a Bilbao. Reverse, on a white enamelled field, a broken arch, surrounded by the legend, En Suterger Sitio, 1836. A green enamelled laurel-wreath, and ring for sus- pension. CROSS FOR VITTORIA. — Obverse, a red and white enamelled Maltese cross. On a red enamelled centre, surrounded by a white enamelled circle, are three swords. Reverse, similar, but on a white enamelled centre, surrounded by a gold circle, are the words, Recompensa de la Batalla de Vittoria. A green enamelled laurel wreath surrounds the arms of the cross, and a crown and ring surmount it for suspen- sion. Ribbon, red. MEDAL FOR ST. SEBASTIAN. — See page 56. MEDAL FOR BAGUR AND PALAMOS. — See pages 46 SWEDEN. ^^EDAL FOR GLUCKSTADT, JANUARY 5™, 1814.— Obverse, a Maltese cross, with crossed swords and a crown above. Reverse, For Tapperhet i Fait, sur- rounded by a laurel-wreath. Ribbon, dark blue and yellow. This medal was given in gold to seven naval officers who were present at the action. TURKEY. CRIMEA. — See page 95. GENERAL SERVICE MEDAL. — See page 96. GOLD MEDAL, 1801. — See page 35. KARS. — See page 97. MEDJIDIE. — See pages 98, 99, and 119. OSMANIEH. — A gold seven-pointed star, enamelled green, a gold ball on each point; between each AND DECORATIONS. 465 of the arms three silver radiations; in the centre, on a crimson enamelled ground, a Turkish inscrip- tion, surrounded by a green enamelled band, with Turkish inscription in gold letters. In the centre of the reverse is an embossed design, consisting of a trophy of flags and drums, with a date in Turkish characters above, within an oval ring. A crescent, star and ring for suspension. Ribbon, green with red stripe near the edges. Given to a few high officers for services during the Crimean, Egyptian, and Sudan campaigns. There are four classes of this Order, and the first class weighs loz. adwt. The third class badge is 2§in. square, not including the crescent and star for suspension. The stars of the two higher classes are of similar design. ST. JEAN D'ACRE. — See page 59. SALISTRIA. — See page 96. ZANZIBAR. ORDER OF THE BRILLIANT STAR. — A gold cross with five arms, with gold balls on each of the points ; enamelled red, with white edges, surmounted by a gold laurel-wreath. In the centre on a red ground is the Sultan's name in Arabic characters, surrounded by a white band. Ribbon, red with white edges. In December, 1894, this decoration was bestowed on three British officers, in recognition of services during the Unyoro campaign. HH .-s*«'..v, <*• ;tu MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. ONE of the following medals having been awarded to British soldiers or sailors on active service, they will be classed by themselves. SIR H. G. SMITH'S " GALLANTRY IN THE FIELD/' — Given to thirty men of the Cape Mounted Rifles and levies. Obverse, a lion ; above, a wreath ; below, /#5/. Reverse, Presented by His Excellency Sir H. G. Smith, Bart., G.C.B., to for gallantry in the field. A silver medal, i.4in. diameter, with silver bar for suspension. Ribbon, dark blue with red edges. The name of the recipient is engraved. ORDER OF MERIT (INDIA). — Given to native officers and soldiers for personal bravery. It is divided into three classes : (1) An eight-pointed gold star, ijin. diameter, with a dark blue enamelled centre, on which are two crossed swords, in gold, surrounded by Reward of Valour, in gold letters; the whole surrounded by a gold laurel-wreath. (2) A similar design to the above, but the star is silver instead of gold. BRITISH WAR MEDALS. 467 (3) A silver star, with blue enamelled centre ; silver swords, wreath, and letters, as described above. The first class star has a gold bar, loop, and ring attached to the topmost point for suspension. The second and third classes have a similar attachment in silver. The reverse of the star is engraved, ist, 2nd, and jrd class order of merit, respectively. The ribbon is blue with red edges, and is worn on the left breast. This order carries with it an increase of one third of the pay of the recipient. On his death his widow receives the allowance for three years. The name of the recipient is not engraved on the reverse when issued. INDIAN RIFLE ASSOCIATION. — (i) Obverse, a tiger in the jungle; in the exergue, 1863. Reverse, Rifle Association of Northern India, within a laurel- wreath ; the recipient's name engraved. A silver medal. (2) A large silver medal. Obverse, a tiger; below, on a pedestal, N.LR.A. 1863-86. Reverse, in the centre, -an oblong frame, in which is engraved the recipient's name; above, Bengal Presidency; below, Rifle Association. The whole surrounded by a laurel- wreath. Ribbon, blue. THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL'S PRIZE. — Obverse, the shield and arms of Lord Dufferin and Ava, sur- rounded by the legend, Presented by His Excellency, the Governor General. Reverse, the crest, coronet, and orders of Lord Dufferin, surrounded by the legend, The Earl of Dufferin, Viceroy of India, 1884. Ribbon, blue. A splendidly executed medal, of large size and in high relief. It was also issued in bronze. HH 2 468 BRITISH WAR MEDALS HYDERABAD RIFLE ASSOCIATION. — Obverse, a mosque, surrounded by an ornamental border. Reverse, a plain centre, surrounded by a laurel- wreath, round which is entwined a ribbon, inscribed, Hyderabad Rifle Association. Ribbon, blue. WESTERN INDIA RIFLE ASSOCIATION. — Obverse, a lion crouching under a palm tree; below, Ready and True. Reverse, Rifle Association of Western India; established 6th ]une, 1862. In the centre two crossed rifles, with a laurel-wreath joining them, and surmounted by a crown. Ribbon, blue. SOUTHERN INDIA RIFLE ASSOCIATION. — Obverse, a trophy surmounted by an elephant, inscribed, Persevere and Triumph. Reverse, Rifle Association of Southern India, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. A round silver medal. BENGAL PRESIDENCY RIFLE ASSOCIATION. — Obverse, a tiger above a scroll, on which is inscribed, Prince of Wales' match, surmounted by two crossed rifles, and the Prince of Wales* plumes and motto. Below, B.P.R.A. Reverse, plain. A silver Maltese cross with an ornamental border. It was designed by the late Captain Judge, of the 2nd Goorkhas. BOMBAY PRESIDENCY RIFLE ASSOCIATION. — A gold medal. Obverse, the bust of Queen Victoria, sur- rounded by the legend, Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Empress of India. Reverse, a laurel- wreath, surrounded by the legend, Bombay Presi- dency Rifle Association, established 1871. In the centre of the wreath is engraved, The Champions Contest. Pie. A. James; 2nd Bn. Lanes. Fus. 24 Dec., i8gi. MAGDALA MEDAL.— (i) Obverse, a draped female figure, supporting a Union Jack in her left hand, and AND DECORATIONS. 469 holding out a laurel-wreath in her right hand; on the left a shield, and a regiment of infantry in the background at target practice, the targets, hills, and trees in the distance. Inscription encircling the whole, Prize Presented by the Right Honourable Lord Napier of Magdala, G.C.B., G. C.S.I. Reverse, a plain centre, surrounded by Best Shot, Native Troops, Bengal Presidency. A gold medal. (2) Obverse, a laurel-wreath, in the centre of which is the inscription, The Magdala Medal, surrounded by Presented by General Sir F. P. Haines, K.C.B., Command er-in-Chief in India. Reverse, same as on No. i. A gold medal. (3) Obverse, a view of Magdala ; above, Captured ijth April 1868; below, Magdala. Bengal Native Infantry. Reverse, The Magdala Medal. Within a wreath above, Best Shot. Presented by H.E. General Sir Donald Stewart, Bart., G.C.B., 1881- An imperial crown and loop for suspension. Given in gold only. In 1862, Lieutenant-Colonel Montgomery, of the ist Foot, founded a society in India called " The Temper anc< Soldiers9 Indian Total Abstinence Association," and ?862.als' silver medals were given to soldiers of any rank, European or native, for total abstinence. The medals are worn on the right breast, usually suspended from a distinctive ribbon. They are of various designs, and are given, according to the number of years the re- cipient has been a total abstainer; bars inscribed with the word Fidelity, &c., are sometimes added. (i) The first meclal is round, and has on the obverse a palm-tree, under which are two native women with water-pots, one sitting and the other standing. Above is the legend, Total Abstinence Medal: India. The 470 BRITISH WAR MEDALS reverse is inscribed, Watch and be Sober, and around the outside are the words, Total Abstinence Associa- tion, formed 1862. This medal is worn for the first year, and for the second year a clasp, inscribed Fidelity, is added. For the third year the under-mentioned medal is sub- stituted, and a clasp, inscribed Excelsior, is added for the fourth year. There are various other clasps, added at subsequent stages, inscribed, Watch and be Sober; Onward, &c. (2) The second medal, worn with a pale yellow ribbon with red edges, is lozenge-shaped, and has on one side a four-pointed star, and in the centre, within a circle, a lion couchant, the word India below. On the other side is a sword, round which is entwined a ribbon inscribed, Watch and be Sober. Along the outside of the medal, on a lozenge-shaped border, are the words, The Soldiers' Total Abstinence Associa- tion. (3) Another medal is oval in form, and has on one side the monogram T.A.S., surrounded by olive- branches. On a raised border round the outside is the legend, The Association Medal for Fidelity: India. On the reverse is a scroll inscribed, Watch and be Sober, and around the outside, The Soldiers' Total Abstinence Association; the date, 1862, is below, in Roman numerals. (4) The next is a very handsome medal, and is in the form of a star of four double points, with radiations between the four main members. In the centre is a fine raised figure of St. George and the Dragon, and on an encircling band are the words, The Soldiers' Total Abstinence Association: India below. On the reverse, in a depressed centre, is a AND DECORATIONS. sword, round which is twined a scroll, inscribed, Watch and be Sober; and on a raised garter round the outside is the legend, For Five Years' Fidelity. A crown and ring are attached for suspension. (5) Another medal is in the shape of a large Maltese cross, and was instituted during the Afghan War of I.O.G.T. 1878-79-80. On a garter in the centre of the obverse Afghtn-°r is inscribed, Grand Lodge of India, and inside the 187880. circle, Afghanistan, 1878-9-80. On each limb of the cross is a letter in old English characters — I.O.G.T.— representing the name of the society — " Independent Order of Good Templars " ; a raised border surrounds the whole. The reverse of the cross is plain. A ring is attached for suspension. The last three medals are each worn with a light blue ribbon. (6) Another medal is in the form of a Maltese cross with radiations, the word India being in the centre ; and on each limb of the cross a letter of the following abbreviated title: S.T.A.S. ("Soldiers' Total Abstinence Society "). The reverse is plain. A crown and ring are provided for suspension from a pink ribbon with blue edges. (7) In 1875, an eight-pointed silver star was issued, having on the centre of the obverse, on a raised circle, the words India's Hope, engraved, and in the centre a monogram, T.A.S. Reverse, plain. A ring for suspension. Ribbon, light blue. (8) Another medal was issued during the campaign in Burmah in 1888. It is in the shape of a Maltese cross, with a raised garter in the centre, on which is inscribed, in raised letters, Grand Lodge of India — Fidelity. Inside the garter the recipient's name is engraved. On each of the arms of the cross is one 472 BRITISH WAR MEDALS of the four letters, I.O.G.T. It is suspended from a bar inscribed, Burmah. The reverse is plain, and a pin, instead of a ribbon, is used for attaching it to the coat. (9) A cross, with balls at the eight points. In the centre an elephant; below, on a label, India; sur- rounded by a band inscribed, The Soldiers' Total Abstinence Association, with rays between the arms of the cross. Silver, with ring for suspension. (10) An eight-pointed silver star, surmounted by a crown. In the centre a Maltese cross, surrounded by a garter, on which is inscribed, Church of England, T. S. Ribbon, blue. Reverse, plain, with recipient's name engraved. In 1893, " The Army Temperance Association " was formed in this country, and the following medals are from time to time issued to the members, and have replaced the temperance medals previously described. (11) For Six Months. — A bronze cross with four Army arms, on which are the letters, A.T.A., and on the emanecre lower one, i#o?. In the centre, on a raised oval, Association. • x ** •« « 1 T-» the numeral 6. Ribbon, narrow purple. Reverse, plain. (12) For Twelve Months. — A silver medal. Ob- verse, St. George and the Dragon to the left; above, Army Temperance Association. In the exergue, i#9j. Reverse, A.T.A. in a monogram; below, on a ribbon, Watch and be Sober. A round silver medal. Ribbon, light blue. For Two Years. — A silver bar, inscribed, Fidelity, is added to the above medal. (13) For Three Years. — A silver hexagonal medal, having in the centre the badge of the Order of the AND DECORATIONS. 473 Star of India; and below, on a ribbon, the words, Army Temperance Association. Reverse, plain. Ribbon, brown, with two narrow yellow stripes. For Four Years. — A silver bar, inscribed, Excelsior, added to the above medal. (14) For Five Years. — The silver star of St. George, as described on pp. 470-1, but with a dark blue enamelled garter in the middle, inscribed, Army Temperance Association. Ribbon, pink. For Six Years. — A silver bar, inscribed, Watch and be Sober, is added to the above medal. (15) For Seven Years. — A silver Maltese cross, having in the centre, on a circle, the monogram, A.T.A., and known as the " Havelock Cross.1' Reverse, plain. Ribbon, dark blue, with a red centre, edged with white. (16) For Eight Years.— The silver star of the " Order of Merit," an eight-pointed star, having on a shield in the centre the monogram, A.T.A. Re- verse, plain. Ribbon, white, with a blue stripe in the centre. (17) For Ten Years.— " The Roberts Badge," formed of two crossed lances and a crossed sword and rifle. In the centre a helmet, surmounted by a royal crown. Below, on a ribbon, the words, Army Tem- perance Association. Ribbon, red and blue, similar to that of the New Zealand Medal. (18) For Twelve Years.— A silver oval badge, with an elephant in the centre, surrounded by a blue enamelled garter, on which are the words, Army Temperance Association, in blue enamel, and sur- mounted by a crown and ring for suspension. Ribbon, red, white, and blue. 474 BRITISH WAR MEDALS (19) For Fifteen Years. — A silver shield-shaped badge, with the Royal Arms in gold in the centre. Above, on a ribbon, the words, Army Temperance Association; below, Dieu et mon droit. Reverse, plain. Ribbon, green and black. Boys of the Duke of York's and Royal Hibernian Military Schools, who are jpembers of the Association and who have received the first year's medal, are given an additional silver badge for fixing to the ribbon of the medal, consisting of a " York Rose " or the "Prince of Wales' Feathers" respectively. (20) The Award of Merit presented by the Council to members of the Association for good work done in the cause consists of a silver monogram of the letters A.T.A., surrounded by an oval band, in- scribed, Award of Merit, Watch and be Sober, and surmounted by a five-pointed star. Ribbon, crimson, suspended from a bar, inscribed, Palmam qui meruit ferat. BOMBAY CATHOLIC TEMPERANCE SOCIETY. - Obverse, in the centre of a cross, the head of St. Francis Xavier ; between the arms of the cross, fleur de lys; above, crossed keys; below, a palm tree; the whole surrounded by a border, on which is inscribed, Bombay Catholic Temperance Society. Reverse, a figure of the Virgin Mary, surrounded by rays and stars, and an ornamental border with the inscription, Sine labe originale concepta regina. A round silver medal. Ribbon, red. NAVAL TEMPERANCE MEDAL. — Obverse, a three- Navai masted ship, surrounded by the legend, Royal Naval dal' Branch National Temperance League. Reverse, laurel-wreath, within which are the words, Institutet AND DECORATIONS. 475 on board H.M.S. Reindeer, July 1868. A small round silver medal. Ribbon, dark blue. NATIONAL TEMPERANCE LEAGUE. — (i) Obverse, a rose, shamrock, and thistle, surrounded by a circle in- scribed, Hold fast that which is good; below, Ubique. Temper- Reverse, National temperance league: Military League. branch: 1870, surrounded by a laurel-wreath. Ribbon, blue. A small silver medal. (2) A silver star, of seven points, in the centre of which is the legend, National Temperance League: Military Branch. Reverse engraved, Presented by the Committee to - A bar, somewhat similar to that on the Crimean war medal, inscribed, Merit, is added. Ribbon, alternate stripes of red, blue, and white. THE VOLUNTEER LONG SERVICE DECORATION (OFFICERS). — The royal monogram, V. R., with a volunteer gilt crown above, surrounded by an oval silver oak- Decoration. wreath tied with gilt bands. A ring for suspension. Ribbon, dark green. It was instituted in June, 1892, and was given for twenty years' service. The decora- tion given to the colonial forces has the monogram, V.R.I., in the centre. The decorations issued during the reign of King Edward VII. have the cypher, • E. R. VII., in the centre, surmounted by a Tudor crown. After the abolition of the Volunteer force in 1908, by Royal Warrant of Sept. 2Qth, 1908, the decoration was known as The Territorial Decoration. Territorial The design was retained, but a green ribbon, ijin. D wide, with a yellow stripe down the centre, was substituted. MEDAL FOR THE RANK AND FILE. — A round silver medal, having on the obverse Queen Victoria's volunteer head, surrounded by the legend, Victoria Regina. servi Reverse, For long service in the Volunteer force, on M 476 BRITISH WAR MEDALS a scroll, surrounded by laurels. Ribbon, dark green, The medal given to the colonial volunteers has Victoria Regina et Imperatrix on the obverse. They were originally issued without the recipient's name on the edge, but subsequently the name and regiment of the recipient were indented. After the accession of King Edward VII. the obverse bore the King's bust, with the usual legend. Since November, 1906, the Honourable Artillery Co. wear the medal with a special ribbon, of dark blue and cerise longi- tudinal stripes, with a narrow yellow edging. Territorial On the abolition of the Volunteer force this medal ESi$ed*l was cancelled ; and an oval silver medal was sub- stituted, with an oval swivel ring for suspension. Obverse, the bust of King Edward VII., facing the left, surrounded by the legend, Edivardus VII. Rex et Imperator. Reverse, Territorial force efficiency medal, in four lines of capital letters, the top line following the curve of the medal. Ribbon, green with yellow central line. LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT (MILITIA AND Lone YEOMANRY). — In November, 1904, King Edward insti- ServiceGood tuted medals for Long Service and Good Conduct, to (Miiu°andancd Non-commissioned Officers and men of the Militia, Ye0Meda? and Imperial Yeomanry. The former have to serve eighteen years, and to have attended fifteen trainings; and the latter ten years, and ten trainings. The medal is oval, ijin. by ijin., and is fitted with a loop and swivel for suspension. The obverse bears an effigy of His Majesty, to the left, in uniform, with Orders, &c. Legend, Edwardus VII. Rex et Imperator; reverse, inscribed, Militia, for Long Service and Good Conduct; or AND DECORATIONS. 477 with the words Imperial Yeomanry substituted for Militia. The name, number, rank, and regiment of the recipient are indented on the edge in small square capitals. The Militia medal is worn with a light blue ribbon, and that of the Yeomanry with a light yellow ribbon. ROYAL NAVAL RESERVE MEDALS. — In September, 1909, His Majesty King Edward approved of the insti- tution of a decoration for commissioned officers of the Royal Naval Reserve of at least fifteen years' service ; Medals- also to commissioned officers of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve of twenty years' service ; also to all seamen and stokers of the Royal Naval Re- serve after fifteen years' service ; and to members of the Royal Volunteer Naval Reserve after twelve years' service. The last two are for Long Service and Good Conduct, and for Long Service, respectively. The medal is silver, i^in. diameter. Obverse, the bust of His Majesty in naval uniform, facing the left, and surrounded by the legend, Edivardus VII. Rex Im- perator. Reverse, a representation of H.M.S. Dread- nought, and below it the legend, Diuturne fidelis. Mounting, a plain straight clasp. Ribbon, green. CANADA — MERITORIOUS SERVICE. — Silver and bronze medals, (i) Obverse, a map of Canada; above, Upper Canada; below, preserved. Reverse, For merit, 1815, within a laurel-wreath; legend, Presented by a grateful country. (2) Obverse, a lion couchant and a beaver, a river in the foreground, an eagle hovering over them ; legend, Upper Canada preserved. Reverse, the same as on the previous medal. Struck in silver and bronze. 478 BRITISH WAR MEDALS AUSTRALIAN VOLUNTEERS.— (i) Issued by the Government of Victoria. Obverse, St. George's cross, on which are five stars, surrounded by a garter, inscribed, Aut Pace, aut bello Victoria, surmounted by a crown. Outside, the legend, Local Forces, Victoria. Reverse, For long service and efficient service. Ribbon, marone with two darker stripes at; the edges. A silver medal, with the recipient's name stamped on the edge. (2) Given to the Australian contingent for services in the Soudan. Obverse, the arms of Sydney; above, on a semi-circular scroll excrescence, Soudan. Reverse, a laurel-wreath, in which are engraved the recipient's name and regimental number. Outside the wreath is the inscription, Presented by the citizens of Sydney. T. Play fair, Mayor, 1885. A silver medal, with a ring for suspension. COLONIAL AUXILIARY FORCES LONG SERVICE colonial MEDAL. — Authorised on June 2nd, 1899, for Com- AlForS missioned Officers in the Colonial Auxiliary Forces who had served for twenty years, whether Militia 1 ' or Volunteers, service on the West Coast of Africa counting double. This Order cancelled the Colonial Volunteer Officers' Decoration, except for India. Obverse, the bust of Queen Victoria, facing the left, with the usual legend; as on the Canadian General Service Medal; reverse, an irregular-shaped label, inscribed, For Long Service in the Colonial Auxiliary Forces, surmounted by an Imperial crown, and surrounded by scrolls and laurel-branches. A silver medal, with straight clasp for suspension. Ribbon, green. After the accession of King Edward, the obverse AND DECORATIONS. 479 was altered, and now bears his effigy in uniform, facing left, with the usual legend. LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT (CAPE OF GOOD HOPE). — Obverse, a shield of arms, and supporters Long exactly the same as the obverse of the Army Long Service Medal, and with a similar suspender and gjjjfg^ e) ribbon ; reverse, For Long Service and Good Medal- Conduct; above, the legend, Cape of Good Hope. On the accession of King Edward, the obverse was altered to an effigy of the King, with the usual legend; the reverse remained as before. DISTINGUISHED CONDUCT IN THE FIELD (CAPE OF GOOD HOPE). — Obverse, the same as that of the Dis- T-, ,. , . ... tinguished English medal, p. 215 ; the reverse is also similar, conduct in but with the words Cape of Good Hope in a semi- Legend, Edivardus VII. D.G. Britt. Reg. F.D. Ind. Imp. Reverse, the arms of the order, below, on a ribbon, Pro fide:pro utilitate;'! hominum. Above, South Africa 1899-1902, all sur- rounded by the legend, Magnus prioratus ordinis hospitalis Saveti Johannis Jerusalem in Anglia. •' Ribbon, black, with white edges. A bronze medal with straight bar for suspension. Name and rank of the recipient engraved on the edge in capital letters. THE HONG KONG PLAGUE MEDAL. — For services rendered in endeavouring to stay the plague which broke out in Hong Kong in 1894, tne citizens pre- sented medals, ijin. diameter, to about 300 non- i commissioned officers and men of the Shropshire Light Infantry and a few men of the Royal Engineers. These medals were of silver, and in addition thirteen similar medals were given in gold to the officers. The obverse bears the figure of a soldier supporting the prostrate body of a native, and attended by an emblematic figure of Charity. Above is the Angel of Death with a spear. In the exergue, the date, /#94 and the words Hong Kong, in Chinese charac- | ters. The reverse has, in the centre, the inscription, j For services rendered during the plague of 1894, and surrounded by Presented by the Hong Kong com- munity. The ribbon has alternate stripes of red and yellow7. The rank, name, and regiment of the recipient are indented on the edge of the medal in small capital letters. Permission to wear the medal was refused. The gold medals had no ring nor ribbon for suspension. AND DECORATIONS. 495 THE ARMY NURSING SERVICE RESERVE.— Formed in 1897. The badge is of silver, circular in shape, and bears upon it a crown-surmounted cross, in the angles of which are representations of the rose, shamrock, thistle, and acorn. Round the edge is the inscription, Princess Christian's Army Nursing Service Reserve. QUEEN ALEXANDRA'S IMPERIAL MILITARY NURSING SERVICE. — Established by Royal Warrant, dated March 27th, 1902. Badge: On a cross patee (as borne in the Royal Arms of Denmark), surmounted by an Imperial Crown, the letter " A " within a circle, and surrounded by an oval band bearing the inscription, Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Ser- vice." It is given in gold to Matrons, in silver to the Sisters, and in bronze to the Staff Nurses. QUEEN ALEXANDRA'S ROYAL NAVAL NURSING SER- VICE.— Established February 9th, 1901. Badge: An embroidered red Geneva Cross, on a white ground in a gold border. Above, Her Majesty Queen Alex- andra's monogram, viz. : two A's, red, interlacing an anchor and cable, gold ; the whole surmounted by an Imperial Crown. TERRITORIAL NURSES' BADGE. — An oval garter, in- scribed " Territorial Force Nursing Service," sur- rounding a monogram A. A. in filigree work. A Tudor crown and ring for suspension. Ribbon, dark green, with yellow stripe down the centre. LIFE-SAVING MEDALS. HERE are now many of these, and as they are not confined to soldiers and sailors, but are also given to civilians, a detailed description of them all hardly comes within the scope of this work. The principal ones are as follow : THE ALBERT MEDAL was instituted in 1866 for saving life at sea, and in 1877 it was extended for saving life on land. It is divided into two classes : (1) The first class, for saving life at sea, consists of a gold oval badge, enamelled in dark blue, with a monogram of V. and A. interlaced with a gold anchor. It is surrounded by a bronze garter, inscribed, in raised gold letters, For gallantry in saving life at sea, and surmounted by the late Prince Consort's crown. For saving life on land the badge is enamelled crimson, and the anchor is omitted in the monogram, The inscription also has the words " on land f: substituted for " at sea.f) (2) THe second class, in both cases, is exactly similar in design to the above, but is entirely of bronze. BRITISH WAR MEDALS. 497 The medals for saving life at sea are worn with a dark blue ribbon with four white stripes, and for similar deeds on land with a crimson ribbon with four white stripes. The stripes in both cases are vertical, and the ribbon is if in. wide for the First Class. On March 24th, 1902, it was ordered that the ribbon of the Second Class shall be ifin. wide, with two white horizontal stripes, instead of the previous ribbon, which was fin. wide, with two white stripes. ROYAL HUMANE SOCIETY.— Obverse, a naked child (a mantle flowing from the left shoulder), holding a torch in the right hand; above the legend, Lateat Scintillula Forsan; below, Soc. Loud, in Resuscitat Intermortorum Instit. MDCCLXXIV. Reverse, Vit. ob. Serv. D. D. Soc. Reg. Hum., surrounded by an oak-wreath ; the legend, Hoc Pretium Cive Servato Tulit, is round the outside of the wreath. There are various sizes of this medal, in gold, silver-gilt, silver, and bronze. It is worn with a dark blue ribbon, and the inscriptions on the reverse vary. It is worn on the right breast. BOARD OF TRADE : FOR GALLANTRY IN SAVING LIFE. —Obverse, the head of Queen Victoria, surrounded by the legend, Awarded by the Board of Trade for Gallantry in Saving Life; below V.R. Reverse, a figure of a man holding on to a spar in the water, and signalling to a lifeboat in the distance, a man support- ing a rescued sailor, and a woman and child seated on a rock. A very large silver medal, worn with a blue ribbon. It was also given in bronze. The name of the recipient, and the date of the action, are engraved on the edge. KK 498 BRITISH WAR MEDALS LIVERPOOL SHIPWRECK AND HUMANE SOCIETY. — (i) Obverse, a man on a floating piece of a wreck, rescuing a woman and child. Legend, Lord save us; we perish. Reverse, the arms of Liverpool sur- rounded by an oak-wreath. Legend, Liverpool Ship- wreck and Humane Society, 1839. A large silver medal. (2) A smaller one, of similar design and metal. (3) Obverse, a man rescuing a woman and child, and surrounded by the legend, Liverpool Shipwreck and Humane Society, 1839, on an ornamental border. Reverse, the recipient's name and date of the action, surrounded by an oak-wreath. An oval, silver medal, suspended from a silver bar and the arms of Liver- pool. ROYAL NATIONAL INSTITUTION FOR THE PRESER- VATION OF LIFE FROM SHIPWRECK. — Obverse, head of King George IV., or of Queen Victoria, according to the time when the medal was issued ; legend, Royal National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck, George IV. (or Victoria), Patron, 1824 (or i#j7). Reverse, three men in a boat, rescuing a sailor; legend, Let not the deep swallow me up. The medal is silver, and is also met with in bronze. It is worn with a blue ribbon. SHIPWRECKED FISHERMEN AND MARINERS' ROYAL BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. — Obverse, in the centre, a bust of Nelson on a medal ; also a medallion, on which is engraved a shipwreck ; above, a laurel-wreath, a (Jnion Jack, and St. George's ensign, with S. F. in the upper quarter. On the right a mortar, and on th< left an anchor ; above, a crown ; below, the seashore with a wreck in the distance. In the foreground, tw< AND DECORATIONS. 499 men rescuing a body from the sea; the whole sur- rounded by the legend, Shipwrecked Fishermen and Mariners' Royal Benevolent Society; in the exergue, Established A.D. 1839, Incorporated by Act of Par- liament 1850. Reverse, Presented for Heroic Exer- tions in Saving Life from drowning. Job xxix. 13, surrounded by the legend, England expects every man will do his duty. * A silver medal, with two dolphins for clasp. Ribbon, light blue. TAYLEUR FUND MEDAL. — Obverse, a shipwreck; legend, Tayleur Fund for the succour of Shipwrecked Strangers. Reverse, the date and location of the deed for which the medal was awarded, also the name of the recipient. Ribbon, blue with white edges. These medals are given from a fund which was founded from the surplus of subscriptions raised for the benefit of the survivors of the wreck of the emigrant ship 'Tayleur," on January 24th, 1854, and which was afterwards set apart for the purpose. INDIA : MEDAL FOR SAVING LIFE. — Obverse, a ship in distress, three sepoys in the foreground. On the left a lighthouse and flagstaff, two ships in the dis- tance. Reverse, in the centre, a Persian inscription, with another surrounding it. A large silver medal, with the recipient's name engraved. LLOYD'S MEDAL FOR SAVING LIFE FROM SHIP- WRECK.— Obverse, in the centre, Ob cives servatos, surrounded by two oak-branches, and surmounted by the inscription, Presented by Lloyd's. Reverse, a sea-goddess assisting a shipwrecked man who is cling- ing to a floating mast; above, Lencothae naufrago sitccurrit. 1839. The recipient's name is engraved on the edge. KK 2 5oo BRITISH WAR MEDALS NORFOLK ASSOCIATION FOR SAVING LIFE FROM SHIPWRECK. — Obverse, the head of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, surrounded by the legend, Victoria Regina. Reverse, an oak-wreath, in the centre of which is engraved the name of the recipient and the date of the action for which the medal is given. In the exergue, Hoc premium cive servato tulit. On the edge is engraved, Norfolk Association for saving life from shipwreck. A silver medal. CANADA : MEDAL FOR SAVING LIFE. — Obverse, a beaver on the bank of a river, a scroll hanging from the branch of a tree, on which is inscribed, Industry and Perseverance; the whole surrounded by Beaver Club, Montreal. Instituted 1*785. Reverse, four men rowing a boat; above, Fortitude in distress; below, i #07. A gold medal. FRENCH MEDAL FOR SAVING LIFE. — Obverse, the head of Louis Philippe, Louis Napoleon, or that of Liberty, according to the period when it was given. Reverse, two figures, male and female, sup- porting a shield, on which is engraved the recipient's name and the date of the action for which the medal was granted; above, Ministere de la Marine et des Colonies. An anchor and laurel-leaves below. Ribbon, red, white, and blue. There are various sizes of these medals, according to the rank of the recipient. They were given in gold and in silver. THE EDWARD MEDAL. — This medal was issued in 1908 for saving life in mines. Obverse, the head of His Majesty King Edward VII. to the left; legend, Edwardus VII. D.G. Britt. omn. Rex, F.D. Ind. Imp. Reverse, a miner rescuing a fallen comrade. A AXD DECORATIONS. 501 silver medal, with swivel and ring for suspension. Ribbon, dark blue with yellow edges. There are two classes, the medal of the first class being silver and that of the second bronze. When granted otherwise than for acts performed in mines the obverse bears the words, "For courage," with a suitable design. APPENDIX. LIST OF THE RECIPIENTS OF THE FRENCH MILITAltV MEDAL. 4111 DRAGOON GUARDS. — Regimental Sergeant-Major William Joyce ; Sergeant-Major Joseph Drake ; Sergeant Richard Cooke ; Private Patrick Hogan. 5TH DRAGOON GUARDS. — Regimental Sergeant-Major J. Russell; Troop Sergeant-Majors S. Griffith, William Stewart; Sergeant M. Davidson. 6TH DRAGOON GUARDS. — Regimental Sergeant-Major Wil- liam Lyons ; Private Thomas Edwards. IST DRAGOONS. — Troop Sergeant-Majors John Norris, Matthew Bailey; Private John Savage. 2x0 DRAGOONS. — Regimental Sergeant-Major John Greene ; Troop Sergeant-Major George Tilsley; Lance-Sergeant James Borthwick; Private Andrew Wilson. 4TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — Regimental Sergeant-Major James Kelly; Sergeant John Andrews; Privates Thomas Guthre, George McGregor. 6TH DRAGOONS. — Troop Sergeant-Majors T. Wakefield, Andrew Morton ; Trumpeter Thomas Monkes ; Private Hum- phrey Polkinghorn. STH HUSSARS. — Troop Sergeant-Major John Pickworth ; Ser- geant Charles Macauley ; Corporal James Donaghur; Private John Martin. IOTH HUSSARS. — Troop Sergeant-Major William Finch. IITH HUSSARS.— Regimental Sergeant-Major G. L. Smith; Troop Sergeant-Major Rourke Trevan ; Sergeant Seth Bond; Lance-Corporal Thos. Harrison ; Private Cornelius Teehan. I2TH LANCERS.— Corporal J. Cannings; Trumpeter John Earson. ISTH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — Regimental Sergeant- Major T. G. Johnson ; Sergeant Richard Davis ; Privates George Dearlove, John Fenton. I;TH LANCERS.— Regimental Sergeant-Major Chas. Wooden; Sergeants J. Shearingham, J. Nunneley; Private Chas. \\atson. 504 BRITISH WAR MEDALS ROYAL ARTILLERY. — Sergeant-Conductors J. Buchanan, J. Boggle, Job Smith; Sergeant-Major W. Flockhart ; Sergeants William Kempton, William Scott, F. lies, Rd. Perkins, Chst. Fitzsimons, John Adams, John Acland, John Fairfax, J. McGarrity, Joseph Smith, J. McPherson, H. Bacchus, T. Walsh, S. Ewing, J. McKown ; Corporals Thomas Betts, Pat- rick Conway, James Browne, M. Fenton, James Hamilton, Joseph Milligan ; Bombardiers Willm. Hewitt, John Bower, A. Sutherland, J. Trotter, W. Ramsey; Acting-Bombardiers John Hagan, C. Henderson, D. Jenkins, G. Gibson, W. Bur- rows ; Gunners and Drivers H. Wood, R. Botfield, J. Douglas, J. Cannell, J. M'Ardle, J. Hay, G. Davis, J. Powell, M. O'Donohue, M. Malowney, J. Magee, G. Bines, J. McGrath, J. Norton, J. Vance, P. Knight, R. Woodbridge, T. Margree, E. O'Brien, H. Davis, W. Hovenden, T. Reynolds; Driver Rbt. Smeaton; Trumpeter J. McLaren. ROYAL ENGINEERS. — Colour-Sergeant K. Knight; Corporals W. Lendrim, J. McMurphy, J. Ross, R. Hanson ; Second Cor- poral W. Conning. GRENADIER GUARDS. — Pay-Sergeant R. Powley ; Colour-Ser- geant C. Sargeant; Privates J. Archer, T. Elger, A. Hale, J. King, W. Myers, W. Williams, W. Nurton. COLDSTREAM GUARDS. — Sergeant-Major S. Carter; Drill-Ser- geant J. Burnett ; Sergeants W. Reed, G. Walden ; Corporal F. Vile ; Privates J. Winter, P. Balls, C. Tutt, J. Bott. SCOTS GUARDS. — Pay and Colour-Sergeants W. M. M'Gregor, J. Badenoch, G. Attrill ; Drill-Sergeants J. Lennox, G. Sharp; Sergeant D. Manson ; Corporal J. Judd ; Acting Corporal J. Coulter; Private J. Drummond. IST REGIMENT. — Sergeant-Major S. Hunter; Colour-Sergeant A. Stewart; Sergeants W. Sparks, J. Mulvany ; Corporals J. Horsfall, W. Sullivan ; Privates D. Moran, J. Colver, A. Camp- bell, C. Pulfer, F. Lock ; Drummer H. Clarke. 3RD REGIMENT. — Sergeant W. Heyes ; Privates W. Brown, J. Connor, J. Eagan, J. Hall, J. Walsh. 4TH REGIMENT.— Colour-Sergeants W. O'Grady, A. Flem- ming, R. Marshall ; Sergeant J. Newth ; Corporal J. Clarkson ; Lance-Corporal J. Fitzgerald; Privates T. Murray, J. Murphy, J. Fitzpatrick. 7TH REGIMENT. — Sergeant-Majors J. Bell, W. Bacon ; Colour- Sergeant J. Watts; Sergeants J. Laws, T. Poulton, W. White; Corporals P. Hanlon, W. Marshall; Private M. Edwards. 9TH REGIMENT.— Sergeants G. Ripton, E. Firmin, A. Rielly; Corporal M. Monaghan ; Privates D. M'Mahon, C. Farrell, "J. Redmond. ISTH REGIMENT. — Sergeants J. Godwin, T. Coopen ; Corporal E. Tallman ; Privates V. Corry, F. Stokes. AND DECORATIONS. 505 I4TH REGIMENT. — Sergeants T. Cooper, J. Macdonald, T. Brown; Privates R. Harrison, T. Caby, P. Canty. I7TH REGIMENT. — Sergeant C. Collins ; Corporal P. Smith ; Privates J. Davis, R. Hogan, T. Lawless, B. Vaughan. i8TH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeant E. Dunne ; Sergeants J. Harvey, J. Gleeson ; Corporal N. O'Donnell; Privates J. Cox, E. Langton, J. Byrne. IQTH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeant W. Britts ; Sergeants W. Murphy, W. Smith, H. Strick, T. Murphy, G. Rolins ; Privates H. Higgins, J. Duffy', S. Evans. 20TH REGIMENT. — Sergeants J. Moss, G. Boxall, J. Brown ; Privates J. Brown, G. Kiricham, W. Hennessy, H. Gray, P. Callaghan, J. Lowe. 2 IST REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeants J. Higdon, R. Ellis; Ser- geants J. Sim, P. Kelly, J. Russell, E. Marshman ; Privates T. Driscoll, M. M'Phely, P. Crowley. 23RD REGIMENT. — Sergeant-Major W. Handley; Colour-Ser- geants J. O'Neill, C. Coviton, J. Boyse; Sergeants J. Collins, C. Godden, W. Andrews, W. Parkinson ; Privates T. Gerraghty, J. Brown. 28TH REGIMENT. — Sergeants W. Cook, G. Dunnery; Privates J. Carson, M. Connell, W. Dunn, J. Blake, J. Tobin, J. Hill, P. Tulley. 30TH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeants H. McAllister, T. M'Donogh, J. Richardson; Sergeant O. Curran ; Lance-Cor- poral M. Byrne; Privates J. Smith, W. Nicholl, C. Quigley, T. McDonald. 3 IST REGIMENT.— Colour-Sergeant J. Foley; Privates R. Stapleton, J. Ruth, L. Ryan, J. Spelman. 33RD REGIMENT. — Sergeant-Major W. Barwell; Colour-Ser- geants W. Menaing, P. Read, J. Bacon; Sergeants P. Whelan, \V. Crane; Privates F. Crotty, W. Douglas, P. M'Guire. 34111 REGIMENT.— Colour-Sergeant W. Smith; Sergeants W. Quirk, J. Haydon, W. Carney; Corporal W. Coffer; Privates C. Brophy, W. Gill, T. Loft. 38TH REGIMENT. — Sergeant-Major P. M'Fadden; Sergeant A. Clarke; Corporal T. Brennan ; Privates J. Walsh, R. Long- heed, M. Murphy, B. Newhall, VV. Moore, J. Blackmore. 39TH REGIMENT.— Colour-Sergeant J. Garrett; Sergeant G. Pegram ; Corporal T. Omealy ; Privates M. Boyle, L. Lind, M. Ryan. 4iST REGIMENT.— Colour-Sergeants J. Smith, A. Madden, W. Davis, J. Kelly; Corporal C. Nelson; Privates P. Garvey, J. Kennelly, T. M'Quade, M. Rogerson. 42ND REGIMENT.— Colour-Sergeant T. Ridley; Sergeants W. Strathern, G. Fox; Lance-Corporals R. M'Nair, W. Bennett; Privates D. M'Kenzie, N. Carmichael, A. Cromtie. 506 BRITISH WAR MEDALS 44TH REGIMENT. — Quartermaster-Sergeant D. Reddin ; Colour- Sergeant J. Donelan ; Sergeant T. Brown ; Corporals R. Murray, J. Drenon, D. Canty; Privates J. Edlow, J. Burnside, T. McCarthy. 46iH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeant S. Harbour; Sergeants G. Blagdon, W. Brommell, L. Gooding; Corporal W. Watt; Privates J. Hunt, J. Condon. 47TH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeants G. M 'Donald, Gill; Ser- geants W. Bowler, R. Court; Corporal C. O'Loghlin; Privates J. McDermond, J. Dinneen, J. Dillon, D. Flanagan. 48TH REGIMENT. — Sergeant-Major S. Francis ; Corporals T. Kelly, T. Goorly; Private J. Downey. 49TH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeants G. Vayng, J. M'Coy, J. Thompson, C. Barnes ; Sergeant M. Rooney ; Corporal W. Reilly ; Lance-Corporal A. Pendridge ; Private R. McKenna. SOTH REGIMENT. — Sergeant-Major R. Foley ; Colour-Sergeant W. Turner; Sergeant R. Newcombe ; Privates M. Hannan, J. Brennan, W. Cooney, L. Ward. 55TH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeants H. Hendrick, P. Pope ; Sergeants W. Spencer, W. Campion ; Lance-Corporal W. M'Lachlan; Privates J. Dunn, J. Wilson, J. Whelan, T. Johnstone. 56TH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeants W. Dibbs, J. Whittaker, J. Lord, L. Hogan ; Private J. Butler. 57TH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeants J. McCardle, J. Cough- Ian, J. Jones ; Sergeant J. Andrews ; Corporal T. Connell ; Lance-Corporals W. Kinnarney, T. Anderson ; Private J. Murray. 62ND REGIMENT. — Sergeants W. Reilly, J. Warren ; Privates M. Brophy, J. McKie, T. Carney, J. McCarthy, J. McSharry; Drummer T. Finnigan. 63RD REGIMENT. — Sergeant-Major R. Hughes; Colour-Ser- geants J. Ward, W. Morris, J. Brophy; Sergeants A. Roberts, W. Ahern ; Privates J. McGowan, D. Sullivan. 68TH REGIMENT. — Sergeant-Major J. Gibbons ; Sergeants P. Delany, T. Watson ; Corporals Donohue, P. Finns ; Privates J. Sims, W. Ferris, C. Ross, J. Mitchell. 7 IST REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeant J. Hughes; Privates W. Don, R. Martin, A. Rattray, J. Cousins, J. Laughlan. 72ND REGIMENT. — Corporal A. Duncan ; Privates T. Alison, J. Harper, S. McNeish. 77TH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeant J. Toohey ; Lance-Corporal W. Wilson; Privates A. Wright, M. Charleston, W. M'Guire, J. Quinlan ; Drummer T. McGill. 79TH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeants J. Spence, A. Goodbrand ; Sergeants C. Campbell, W. Davie, W. Gunn ; Privates R. Bruce, J. Wilkie, J. Sloan. AND DECORATIONS. 5°7 88TH REGIMENT.— Sergeant-Major S. Conyngham; Colour- Sergeants H. Kelly, M. Canty; Sergeant J. Myers; Corporal H. McKeon; Privates H. Spellacy, T. Handley, B. M'Namara, M. Ryan ; Drummer R. Grannon. SOTH REGIMENT.— Sergeant J. Grant; Corporal J. Tremwith ; Privates P. Kinneally, D. Lenaghan, W. Heffernan. QOTH REGIMENT.— Colour-Sergeant C. Sanderson; Corporal H. Hill; Privates J. Alexander, J. Lawless, T. Bayley, J. Gold- smith, M. Whelan; Bugler E. Flaxman. 93RD REGIMENT.— Colour-Sergeant A. Knox; Sergeants J. Kiddie, A. Crabtree ; Lance*Corporal W. M'Kenzie; Privates J. Cobb, J. Forbes, J. Leslie, J. Davidson, P. M'Kay. 95TH REGIMENT.— Sergeant N. Ormond; Corporals S. Webb, J. Linn; Privates W. Harris, J. English, P. Gallagher, J. Jacques, P. Dooley, J. Cody. 97TH REGIMENT. — Colour-Sergeant F. Wedgeworth ; Ser- geants P. Donnellan, W. Newmann ; Corporal A. Curran ; Privates H. Jackson, J. Cotterill, P. M'Miltry, W. Fitzgerald. RIFLE BRIGADE.— Sergeant-Majors J. Waller, R. Cornelius; Colour-Sergeants C. Munro, D. Fisher, J. Hicks; Sergeants T. Burge, J. Harrywood; Corporal J. Bradshaw ; Privates C. Dencer, M. Benn, M. M'Cormick, C. Frough, W. Eagle, J. King, P. M'Cann, H. Bailey, T. Davis, J. Green, B. M'Mahon. LIST OF THE RECIPIENTS OF THE SARDINIAN WAR MEDAL. GENERAL OFFICERS. — General Sir G. Brown ; Lieutenant- General Sir R. England; Major-Generals Sir H. Bentinck, Lord Rokeby, Sir J. Scarlett, Sir *H. Jones, Sir W. Eyre, J. Dupuis. STAFF. — Lieutenant-Colonels Hon. Adrian Hope, E. B. Hamley; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonels G. W. Mayow, Hon. L. Curzon, K. D. Mackenzie, Hugh Smith, J. E. Thackwell, R. L. Ross, L. Shadwell, A. M. Cathcart, J. V. Kirkland ; Brevet-Majors V. Wing, E. Fellowes, J. Hackett, A. P. S. Wortley, Hon. G. Elliott, W. Faussett, A. C. Snodgrass, Hon. W. Colville, A. Garrett, F. A. Thesiger, R. Luard, R. L. Pearson, F. Hammersley, C. W. St. Clair; Major A. Pitcairn ; Captains A. Ponsonby, H. C. Jervoise, Hon. C. J. Keith, R. Swire, C. E. Mansfield, R. G. Ellison, W. Earle, H. H. Dav, G. M. Stopford. 4Tii DRAGOON GUARDS. - - Lieutenant-Colonel T. W. M'Mahon; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel W. C. Forrest; Brevet- Major F. R. Forster; Assistant-Surgeon W. Cattell ; Troop Sergeant-Major J. Evans; Lance-Sergeant J. Gamble. 5o8 BRITISH WAR MEDALS IST DRAGOONS. — Colonel J. Yorke; Captain G. Campbell; ! Sergeant J. Hill. 2ND DRAGOONS. — Colonel H. D. Griffith, Captain G. Buchanan ; Sergeant-Major J. Wilson. 4TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — Colonel Lord George Paget; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel A. Lowe ; Brevet-Major R. Portal ; Troop \ Sergeant-Major W. Waterson. 6TH DRAGOONS. — Captain E. D. Hunt; Trumpeter J. Hardy. 8m HUSSARS. — Lieutenant-Colonel R. De Salis; Brevet- Major E. Tomkinson ; Trumpeter VV. Wilson. IOTH HUSSARS. — Colonel W. Parlby. IITII HUSSARS. — Lieutenant and Adjutant J. Yates ; Sergeant , R. Davies. I2TH LANCERS.— Major T. G. A. Oakes. I3TH LIGHT DRAGOONS. — Captain P. S. Smith; Corporal W. Gardiner. I7TH LANCERS. — Colonel J. Lawrenson; Cornet J. Duncan; j Sergeant A. Ranson. ROYAL ARTILLERY. — Brevet Lieutenant-Colonels J. C. For- I tescue, C. H. Morris, S. E. Gordon, Hon. E. T. Gage, C. S. Henry, H. J. Thomas ; Major F. B. Ward ; Brevet-Majors P. G. Pipon, G. L. Tupper, C. H. Ingilby, H. P. Yates, J. F. Pennycuick, A. C. Hawkins, G. Shaw, E. Murray, W. Barry, J. Michell, G. Henry, J. Sinclair, L. Penn, E. Taddy, P. L'Estrange, R. Champion, W. Andrews, W. Le Mesurier; Lieutenants B. Humphrey, Sir J. Campbell, E. Ward, F. Anley, C. Browne, H. Maule, C. Roberts; Staff-Surgeon W. Perry ; Assistant-Surgeon E. Bowen ; Troop Sergeant-Major J. Beardsley ; Company Sergeant-Major J. Hamilton; Ser- geants J. Hamilton, S. Ewing, D. Dowling, G. Symonds, M. Hunter; Bombardiers D. Cambridge, W. Ramsey, H. Collier; Gunners and Drivers E. O'Brien, J. M 'Garry, T. Arthur, J. Barrett, J. Death. ROYAL ENGINEERS. — Colonels J. W. Gordon, F. E. Chapman; Lieutenant-Colonels E. Stanton, J. Manners Browne ; Majors H. W. Montague, F. C. Hassard, C. B. Ewart, F. H. De Vere; Lieutenants W. O. Lennon, A. Leary, F. E. Pratt; Corporal W. Baker; Privates A. M'Caughey, W. Tumble. GRENADIER GUARDS. — Colonel C. WT. Ridley; Lieutenant- Colonel Lord Arthur Hay; Captains C. N. Sturt, H. W. Ver- schoyle, R. W. Hamilton; Colour-Sergeant R. Minor; Private T. Sharpe. COLDSTREAM GUARDS. — Lieutenant-Colonels C. W. Strong, Lord A. FitzRoy; Brevet-Majors P. Crawley, Sir James Dunlop, J. A. Connolly; Sergeant G. Haynes; Lance-Sergeant F. File. AND DECORATIONS. 509 SCOTS FUSILIER GUARDS. — Colonel E. Forestier Walker; Brevet-Majors Hon. VV. Coke, Hon. A. E. Frazer; Captains S. J. Blane, J. Scott; Sergeants J. McBlain, J. Stewart. IST REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel A. Montgomery; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonels Hon. C. D. Plunkett, F. G. Urquhart; Major W. J. Gillum ; Captains VV. F. Rudd, W. Cookworthy ; Lieutenant F. H. Hope ; Sergeant-Major R. Henshall ; Colour- Sergeant W. M'Dowell; Private G. Woodhouse. 3RD REGIMENT. — Colonel C. Van Straubenzee; Brevet-Major G. Ambrose; Private J. Fahey. 4TH REGIMENT. — Lieutena*nt-Colonel J. J. Hort; Captain A. J. Sykes; Lieutenant J. Howley; Sergeant J. M'Ardell; Private T. Scannells. ;TH REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel R. Y. Shipley; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel J. R. Heyland ; Brevet-Major H. R. Hibbert; Lieutenant W. Hope; Privates W. Barrack, J. M'Guire. 9TH REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel F. D. Lister; Captain W. Nugent; Sergeant P. Donohue. I4TH REGIMENT. — Colonel M. Barlow ; Brevet Lieutenant- Colonel Sir J. E. Alexander; Brevet-Major W. C. Trevor; Captain J. G. Maycock; Sergeant W. Hopkins. ITTH REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel J. C. Kennedy; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel F. S. Call; Lieutenant T. D. Baker; Private J. Weir. IQTH REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel R. Warden ; Captains H. T. Uniacke, G. A. Warburton ; Lieutenant and Adjutant T. Thompson ; Sergeant J. Sherlock ; Private J. Halloran. 20TH REGIMENT.— Colonel F. Horn ; Major W. P. Radcliffe ; Captain C. E. Parkinson ; Lieutenant H. B. Vaughan ; Colour-Sergeant J. Whybrow ; Private P. Rowe. 2 IST REGIMENT. — Colonel C. R. Sackville; Brevet-Major G. Boldero; Captains H. King, R. Stephens, S. H. Clerke; Ser- geant-Major W. Fowler; Colour-Sergeant R. Ellis. 23RD REGIMENT.— Colonel D. Lysons; Major F. E. Drewe ; Captain S. C. Millett ; Lieutenant L. O'Connor; Corporals E. Luby, T. Symonds. 28TH REGIMENT. — Colonel F. Adams; Lieutenant-Colonel R. Baumgartner; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel E. Hallewell ; Major T. Maunsell ; Captains S. A. Messiter, T. L. Bell ; Corporal J. M'Loughlin; Private W. Gleeson. 30TH REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel J. Mauleverer; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel T. Pakenham; Major R. Dillon; Lieu- tenant and Adjutant G. Sanders; Sergeant T. Shaw; Private J. Andrews. 3 IST REGIMENT.— Colonel G. Staunton. 5io BRITISH WAR MEDALS 33RD REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel G. V. Mundy ; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel J. E. Collings ; Captain A. B. Wallis; Lieutenant R. H. De Montmorencey ; Assistant-Surgeon T. Clarke; Privates P. Leary, J. Bond. 34TH REGIMENT. — Brevet • Lieutenant-Colonel J. Simpson; Brevet-Major J. Jordan ; Lieutenants A. W. Boyce, F. Peel ; Colour-Sergeant J. Pratt; Corporal D. Coughlan. 38TH REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel J. P. Sparkes ; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel W. J. Loftus ; Lieutenants C. W. Gaynor, A. J. Ewen; Privates P. McGuire, T. Reynolds. 39TH REGIMENT. — Major T. W. Hudson ; Lieutenant and Adjutant T. W. Bennett; Private J. M'Cluskey. 4 IST REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel R. Pratt; Majors G. Skipworth, H. S. Bush ; Captain G. Peddie ; Corporal W. Crawford ; Private P. Collins. 42ND REGIMENT. — Colonel D. A. Cameron ; Lieutenant- Colonel A. Cameron ; Captains H. Montgomery, Sir Peter Halkett; Colour-Sergeant D. Dalgleish ; Private E. M'Millan. 44TH REGIMENT. — Colonel Hon. A. A. Spencer; Lieutenant- Colonel C. W. Staveley; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel W. M'Mahon; Brevet-Major W. Fletcher; Captain R. Baillie ; Lieutenant W. A. Wood; Privates W. Doole, W. Woodgate. 46m REGIMENT. — Colonel Sir Robert Garrett; Brevet Lieu- tenant-Colonel C. F. Campbell; Captains N. Dunscombe, G. H. Knapp ; Colour-Sergeant P. Cullen ; Private P. Flinn. 47TH, REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel R. T. Farren ; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonels J. Villiers, J. H. Lowndes ; Captains Hon. B. M. Ward, H. J. Buchanan; Sergeant W. Grant; Private E. M'Mahon. 48TH REGIMENT. — Captain W. H. Cairnes ; Sergeant R. Batlin. 49TH REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonels J. T. Grant, J. H. King; Captains G. K. Chatfield, W. Young; Surgeon J. Davis; Sergeant-Major R. Holden ; Private J. Gibbons. 50TH REGIMENT.— Colonel R. Waddy; Lieutenant-Colonel J. L. WTilton ; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel H. E. Weare ; Major E. G. Hibbert; Lieutenants M. G. Clarke, J. Lamb; Privates A. O'Leary, T. Reghan. 55TH REGIMENT. — Colonel C. \Varren ; Lieutenant-Colonel A. Capel Cure; Lieutenants W. B. Johnson, J. Scott; Sergeant J. Meara; Lance-Sergeant J. O'Donnell. 57TH REGIMENT.— Lieutenant-Colonel J. A. Street; Brevet- Major G. J. Forsyth; Lieutenant A. F. Slade ; Drummer M. Norton; Private J. Healy. 62ND REGIMENT. — Colonel C. Trollope ; Lieutenant-Colonel W. L. Ingall; Brevet-Major C. Cooch ; Captain G. H. Wil- kinson; Sergeant J. Warren; Private J. Farrell. AND DECORATIONS. 511 6^RD REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel Hon. R. A. Dalzell ; Lieutenant-Colonel C. E. Fairclough ; Captain F. T. Paterson ; Private P. Ceaton. 68TH REGIMENT. — Colonel H. Smith; Lieutenant-Colonel G. Macbeath ; Lieutenant S. Grace ; Lieutenant F. Saunderson ; Privates S. Burrows, J. Magner. 7isT REGIMENT. — Captains F. J. Halkett, J. O. Wemyss ; Privates H. Gourley, J. Cathcart. 72x0 REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonel Parke. 77TH REGIMENT. — Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel G. H. Willis ; Captain R. Willington ; A*ssistant-Surgeons R. Burton, A. Humfrey; Sergeant R. Bushell ; Lance-Corporal G. Brown. 79TH REGIMENT. — Lieutenant-Colonels J. Douglas, R. C. Taylor; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel R. Clephane; Captain H. H. Stevenson; Quarter-Master R. Jameson; Sergeant J. Anderson ; Private W. Campbell. 88TH REGIMENT. — Colonel H. Shirley; Lieutenant-Colonels G. V. Maxwell, E. Vesey Brown ; Brevet-Majors T. Gore E. Maynard; Captain J. E. Riley ; Lieutenant G. Priestly; Privates J. Sullivan, W. Durwoode. SgTH REGIMENT./ — Lieutenant-Colonel C. Egerton ; Majors R. B. Hawley, L. Skynner; Corporal P. Scott. QOTH REGIMENT. — Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel T. Smith; Brevet-Major J. Perrin ; Captain J. H. Wade; Sergeant-Major A. Kirkland; Private W. Smith. 93RD REGIMENT. -- Lieutenant-Colonel W. B. Ainslie ; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel J. A. Ewart ; Captain J. Dalzell ; Lieutenant R. A. Cooper ; Colour-Sergeant G. Allan ; Lance- Corporal J. Robertson. 95TH REGIMENT.— Lieutenant-Colonel A. T. Hayland; Brevet- Majors J. A. Raines, A. J. Macdonald ; Captain B. C. Boothby; Colour-Sergeant F. Cluney; Private J. Keenan. 97TH REGIMENT. — Major F. Burton; Captain G. H. Ware; Lieutenant C. H. Brown; Sergeants W. Kemmy, W. Moore. RIFLE BRIGADE.— Colonel W. S. Norcott; Lieutenant- Colonels A. H. Horsford, A. Macdonell ; Brevet Lieutenant- Colonels C. J. Woodford, Lord Alexander Russell ; Brevet-Major Hon. James Stuart ; Lieutenants G. R. Saunders, F. W. Free- mantle, J. C. Moore; Sergeant J. Cherry; Corporals J. Rudling, T. Tarrant; Private E. Tarvish. ROYAL NAVY. — Rear Admirals Sir J. Lushington, Hon. Henry Keppel ; Captains W. Peel, V.C., T. S. Brock, W. Moorsom, J. J. Kennedy; Commanders R. B. Oldfield, H. J. Raby, F. W. Gough, E. Hardinge, H.S.H. Prince Victor of Hohenlohe; Lieutenants W. N. Hewett, V.C., J. C. Evered, A. J. Kennedy, J. E. Hunter, G. C. Sinclair; Midshipman /-; $&-* sia£ BRITISH WAR MEDALS Cv$iV~'Hayward; Surgeons D. J. Duigan, G. Mason; Engineer (JV-G." Murdoch; Assistant-Paymaster M. G. Autey ; Gunners R. Rowe, G. G. Dunlop ; Boatswaijis W. Cruys, J. Sheppard, V.C., J. Sullivan, V.C. ; Carpenter J. Casey; Petty Officers J. Murdock, T. Dunning; Chief Gunner's Mate J. Cleverly. ROYAL MARINES. — Colonel T. Hurdle; Brevet-Colonel T. Holloway ; Lieutenant-Colonel W. F. Hopkins ; Brevet Lieu- tenant-Colonel G. Alexander; Brevet-Majors W. H. March, G. B. Payne ; Captains H. Timpson, C. J. Ellis ; ist Lieu- tenants A. Douglas, R.M.A., H. J. Jull, R.M.A., A. Wolrige, C. J. Napier ; Sergeant-Major G. White ; Colour-Sergeants E. Richards, T. Hatch, R.M.A. ; Sergeant J. Prettyjohn, V.C. ; Gunner J. Bull, R.M.A. ; Privates J. Perry, J. Tozer, J. Hucknall, MILITARY GENERAL SERVICE MEDAL. LIST OF THE OFFICERS OF THE ROYAL NAVY AND ROYAL MARINES WHO RECEIVED THE MEDAL AND BARS. " MAIDA."— Lieutenant W. F. Carroll, R.N. " MARTINIQUE." — Second-Lieutenant William Belhatchett, R.M., " Neptune " (afterwards Purser in the R.N.); Lieu- tenant W. B. Bigland, R.N., " Pompee "; Lieutenant Thomas Burdwood, R.N., " Belleisle " ; Second-Lieutenant George Hookey, R.M., " Acasta " ; Volunteer (ist class) C. S. Jack- son, R.N., " Captain "; Master's Mate Edwin Richards, R.N., "Pompee"-, Captain John Robyns, R.M., "Neptune." "GUADELOUPE." -- Captain Christopher Abbott, R.M., "Pompee"; Second-Lieutenant William Belhatchett, "Pompee" (see "Martinique"); Second-Lieutenant James Clarke, R.M., "Pompee" (also received bar for "Java," to which he was not entitled, as he was serving in the Baltic at the time); Lieutenant James Scott, R.N. ; Second-Lieutenant Samuel R. Wesley, " Abercrombie." "JAVA."— Master's Mate J. E. Cabburn, R.N., " Cornelia "; Second-Lieutenants William Calamy, R.M., " Nisus," Samuel Garmston, R.M., "Bucephalus," George Gill, R.M., " Scipion," (Acting- Adj utant) ; Captain Robert Festing, R.N., "Illustrious"; Lieutenant Edward Lloyd, R.N. ; Second- Lieutenants Richard William Pascoe, R.M., " Phoebe," Matthew F. Steele, R.M., "Illustrious." Those officers who have not a ship against their names are not included in the Naval Roll. Private James Platt, R.M., is the only man who received an Army Medal. He was serving in the " Scipion," and received the bar for "Java." AND DECORATIONS. 513 MILITARY GOLD MEDALS WERE RECEIVED FOR JAVA BY Captain George Sayer, R.N., " Leda," and Captain Richard Bunce, R.M. NAVY GENERAL SERVICE MEDAL. LIST OF THE OFFICERS AND MEN OF THE ARMY WHO RECEIVED THE MEDAL AND BARS. " IST JUNE, 1794." — 2nd Queen's: Lieutenant A. Pilkington, " Royal George " ; Sergeant D. Wainwright, " Russell " ; Private William Shaw, " Royal George." 25th Foot: Privates Thomas Burchley, " Gibraltar " ; Luke Thayyers, " Gibraltar." 29th Foot: Lieutenant B. Egerton, "Thunderer"; Ensign L. A. Northey, " Alfred "; Corporal R. Cook, "Alfred"; Privates James Kilgrove " Glory "; William Robinson, "Thunderer"; Thomas Robson, "Brunswick"; Thomas Smith, " Alfred "; Richard S. Bamford, " Glory." "i4TH MARCH, 1795."— 25th Foot: Sergeant J. Ward, " St. George." joth Foot: Lieutenant Digby Maxwell, "Princess Royal." 69th Foot: Captain Caleb Chute, "Britannia" (also received " St. Vincent "). 23RD JUNE, 1795. — Andrew McKenzie, " Barfleur " (rated " Soldier "; no regiment given). " ST. VINCENT. "—llth Foot: Privates Samuel Hutson, " Dm- dem "; James Moorfield, " Captain." qgth Foot: Private John Smith, "Blenheim." 50th Foot: Private J. Milgrove, "Dia- dem." 69th Foot: Captain Caleb Chute, "Britannia" (also received " i4th March, 1795 ") ; Private Samuel Chadwick (or Chaddock), " Britannia." "COPENHAGEN, 1801." — Royal Artillery: Gunner Andrew Smith, "Zebra." 49th Foot: Captains Hugh Arbuthnot, " Ganges "; W. B. Bleamire, " Polyphemus " ; Charles Plender- leath, " Ardent "; Lieutenant-Colonel R. H. Sheaffe, " Bel- lona "; Lieutenant James Dennis, " Monarch " ; Ensign John Armstrong, " Ardent "; Volunteer George Brock, " Ganges " (afterwards 37th Foot); Assistant - Surgeon Robert Brown, " Glatton" ; Volunteer Henry S. Ormond, " Glatton "; Ser- geant Joseph Coushay, "Defiance"; Drummers Charles Hawker, " Ramillies " ; Charles Knokes, " Ramillies " ; Privates W. Booth, " Defiance "; Andrew Jamieson, " Edgar "; Edward Liston, "Ganges"; John Long, "Saturn"; Peter Plunkett, "Defiance"; Reuben Potter, "London"; Dennis Slaynes, "Edgar"; Anthony Walsh, " Bellona " ; Robert Young, "Bellona"; William Donnelly, "Defiance." 95^1 Foot: Private J. Stiff, "St. George "; Rifleman Hugh Parsley, " I sis." LL 514 BRITISH WAR MEDALS 11 POMPEE, I;TH JUNE, 1809." — 6Srd Foot: Lieutenant W. Cosby (also received the M.G.S. Medal with bars for Martinique and Guadeloupe). " OTTER, i8TH SEPTEMBER, 1810."— 69th Foot: Private Ben- jamin Pratt. " BOAT SERVICE, 23RD NOVEMBER, 1810." — Royal Engineers: Colonel George Sanderman, " Milford." " BOAT SERVICE, APRIL AND MAY, 1813." — Royal Artillery: Lieutenant F. Robertson, " Marlborough." "ST. SEBASTIAN." — Royal Artillery: Captain Peter Faddy, " Freija." "BOAT SERVICE, 3RD AND 6TH SEPTEMBER, 1814." — Royal Newfoundland Fencibles: Lieutenant Andrew Bulger (also received the M.G.S. Medal with bars for Fort Detroit, and Chrystler's Farm). "BOAT SERVICE, 14™ DECEMBER, 1814." — 2nd Dragoons: Lieutenant De Lacy Evans, "Meteor." "ALGIERS." — Royal Engineers: Lieutenant-Colonel William Reid; Lieutenants F. R. W. Whinyates, "Impregnable"; George Hotham; Sergeant L. Melville, "Queen Charlotte"; Drummer Alexander Smith, "Impregnable"; Sappers James Bond, "Queen Charlotte"; Thomas Farmer, "Queen Char- lotte"; Thomas Jorey, Alexander McKenzie, " Queen Char- lotte"; R. Parry, "Impregnable"; Francis Rogers, "Queen Charlotte"; W. Stuart, "Queen Charlotte." Royal Artillery: John Dickenson, " Queen Charlotte." Horse Artillery: Joseph Allen, " Granicus." Rocket Brigade: Lieutenant J. T. Fuller, " Minden " ; Sergeant Edward Howe, " Minden." Ordnance Stores : Clerk John Miller ; Conductor of Stores E. Sargeant, "Queen Charlotte." Hospital Corps: Orderly William Caughlan, or Cockland, " Minden." " NAVARINO. "—Lieutenant-Colonel T. C. Cradock, after- wards Lord Howden, "Asia." "SYRIA." — Royal Engineers: Lieutenant-Colonels R. C. Alderson, Edward Aldrich (Assistant Military Secretary), Henry Bailey ; Lieutenant J. F. A. Symonds ; Sergeants Charles Beer, Hugh Smith; Sappers William Black, Samuel Chesney,* Thomas Eddington, George Garrett,* James Garrod,* Peter Gayte,* Robert Grant, William Heathcote, John Henry,* James Ireland, Thomas Johnston,* John Moore,* Isaac Mowles,* John Mutlo,* John Sleeman, Philip Trevail. Royal Artillery : Lieutenant-Colonels F. N. Colquhon, Jesse Darch, John Dolby, William Down ; Majors Thomas G. Higgins, Thomas Hill, William Holmes ; Lieutenants H. G. Ross, W. S. Rowan ; Ser- geant William Bird; Gunners Robert Paisley, John Peters, Joseph Preston, George Riddle, William Rouse, John Sheehan, John Sheppard, John Short, Andrew Smith, Evan Williams, AND DECORATIONS. 515 John Williams, 'jih Fusiliers: Captain Richard Wilbraham ; Private John Thorpe. 8fth Regiment: Captain Frederick H. Robe. Regiment not stated: Lieutenant-Colonels E. Napier and Sir Hugh Rose. [* It is possible these men belonged to the Royal Artillery, as they are rated Sapper R.A.] The Army List gives also Lieutenant-Colonels Sir Charles Smith, R.E., and Charles Rochfort Scott. LIST OF THE RECIPIENTS OF THE NAVY GENERAL SERVICE MEDAL With Five, Six, and Seven Bars, according- to the Official Records, together with the bars received, rating held, and ship in which serving on the occasion : — SEVEN BARS. GORDON, JAMES A. — 2$rd June, 1791, Mid., " Revolutionnaire "; St. Vincent, Mid., "Namur*"; Nile, Mid., " Goliath " ; Off Rota, ^th April, 1809, Capt., "Mercury"-, Lissa* Capt., "Active"; Pelagosa, 2gth Nov., 1811, Capt., "Active"; The Potomac, ijth Aug., i8i4> Capt., " Seahorse." (*Also received Gold Medal for this action.) HINDMARSH, JOHN. — ist June, 7794, Servt., ' ' Bellerophon " ; i-jth June, 7795, Vol., 2nd Class, "Bellerophon"; Nile, Mid., "Bellerophon"; Gut of Gibraltar, I2th July, 1801, Mid., "Spencer"; Trafalgar, Lieut., "Phoebe"; Basque Roads, 1809, Lieut., "Beagle"; Java, Lieut, " Nisus." Six BARS. COCKBURN, GEORGE.— i4th March, 1795, Capt., "Meleager"; Minerve, i4th Dec., 7796, Capt., " Minerve " ; St. Vincent, Capt., "Minerve"; Egypt, Capt., "Minerve"; Martin- ique, Com., " Pompe'e"; 2gth April, Boat Service 1813, Rr.-Ad., " Marlborough." LAURIE STEPHEN.— Phoebe, 2ist Dec., 7797, Boy, "Phoebe"- Phoebe, i9th Feb., 1801, Boy, " Phcebe " ; Trafalgar, A.B.' "Phoebe"; Off Tamatave, 2oth May, 1811, A.B., "Phcebe"; Java, A.B., "Phoebe"; Phcebe, 28th March, 1814, Capt. fore-top, " Phcebe." PINTO, ROBERT.— St. Vincent, Mid., "Irresistible11; Maetor'c \lofo ff \T*~*I...+-,'L i i » . T«.._^_I . Master's Mate, "Northumberland"; Trafalgar', Lieut' Agamemnon"; St. Domingo, Lieut., "Agamemnon"- nth Dec., Boat Service, 1809, Capt., "Achates"; Guade- loupe, Capt., "Achates." LL 2 516 BRITISH WAR MEDALS Six BARS (continued). STOPFORD, ROBERT. — ist June, 1794, Capt., " Aquilon " ; ijth June, 1795, Capt., "Phaeton"; St. Domingo, Capt., " Spencer " \ Basque Roads, 1809, Capt., " Ccesar " ; Java, Rr.-Ad., ff Scipion "; Syria, Ad. C.-in-C., "Princess Charlotte." FIVE BARS. FANSHAW, ARTHUR. — Implacable, 26th Aug., 1808, Mid., " Im- placable " ; Java, Mid., " Scipion " ; 8th April, Boat Service, 1814, Lieut., " Maidstone " ; Endymion wh President, Lieut., (f Endymion " ; Syria, Capt., ff Princess Charlotte." FARRANT, JOHN. — Copenhagen, 1801, Vol., ist Class, "Russell"; Trafalgar, Mid., "Royal Sovereign"; iqth July, Boat Service, 1809, Lieut., "Scout"; ist Nov., Boat Service, 1809, Lieut., " Scout "; 8th April, Boat Service, 1814, Lieut., " Boxer." GALE, JOHN. — ist June, 179-^ Carp.'s Crew, " Bellerophon "; ijth June, 1795, Carp.'s Crew, "Bellerophon"; Nile, Carp.'s Crew, " Bellerophon "; Gut of Gibraltar, I2th July, 1801, Carp.'s Mate, "Spencer"; Northumberland, 22nd May, 1812, Carp., " Northumberland." GORMAN, JOHN. — Gut of Gibraltar, 12th July, 1801, A.B., " Audacious " ; Martinique, A.B., "Pompee"; Pompee, i7th June, 1809, A.B., " Pompte " ; Guadeloupe, A.B., "Pompee"; Algiers, A.B., "Queen Charlotte." JOHNSON, JOHN. — i4th March, 1795, A.B., "Britannia"; St. Vincent, A.B., "Britannia"; Nile, A.B., "Goliath"; Copenhagen, 1801, A.B., "Elephant"; Java, Yeoman of Sheets, " Cornelia." MCAUSLAND, PETER. — ist June, 1794, A.B., "Montagu"; 2$rd June, 1795, Gunner's Mate, "Irresistible"; St. Vin- cent, Boatswain's Mate, "Irresistible"; Egypt, Gunner, " Peterel"; Implacable, 26th Aug., 1808, "Implacable." ORMOND, FRANCIS. — Implacable, 2$rd Aug., 1808, Mid., " Im- placable "; yth July, Boat Service, 1809, Mid., "Implac- able"; 29th Sept., Boat Serv.ice, 1812, Act.-Flag-Lieut., " Aboukir " ; Endymion wh President, Lieut., "Endy- mion"; Algiers, Lieut., "Impregnable." RUSSELL, EDWARD, alias GEORGE NORRIS. — Copenhagen, 1801, Boy, 2nd Class, " St. George " ; Trafalgar, Boy, 3rd Class, "Britannia"; Algiers, A.B., "Queen Charlotte"; Navar- ino, A.B., ship not given; Syria, Quartermaster, " Benbow." SHEPHERD, BENJAMIN.— Trafalgar, Mid., "Britannia"; Cura- coa, Mid., "Latona"; Martinique, Mid., "Neptune"; Guadeloupe, Master's Mate, " Pompee " ; Griffon, 2fth March, 1812, Lieut., "Griffon." AND DECORATIONS. $17 FIVE BARS (continued). TALLENCE, SAMUEL.— Trafalgar, A.B., "Agamemnon"; St. Domingo, A.B., " Agamemnon " ; Martinique, Boatswain, " Pelorus " \ Guadeloupe, Boatswain, " Pelorus "\ Algiers, Boatswain, " Mutine." TANCOCK, JOHN.— Crescent, 2oth Oct., 1793, Master's Mate, " Crescent"', 2$rd June, 1795, Master's Mate, "Orion"; St. Vincent, Master's Mate, "Orion"; Nile, Act-Lieut., " Orion"; Gut of Gibraltar, I2th July, 1801, Lieut., " Ccesar," TOMS, WILLIAM. — Acre, jofJl May, 7799, A.B., " Tigre " ; Egypt, A.B., " Tigre "; Scorpion, 3ist March, i8o4, A.B., " Scorpion " ; Scorpion, i2th Jan., 1810, A.B., " Scorpion " ; Guadeloupe, A.B., "Scorpion." WHINYATES, THOMAS. — ifth March, Boat Service, 1794, Capt. 's Servt, "Veteran"; 2$rd June, 1795, Mid., "Robust"; J2th Oct., 1798, Mid., "^Robust"; Martinique, Capt, "Frolic"; Guadeloupe, Capt, "Frolic." WOODS, THOMAS.— Lissa, Vol., ist Class, "Active"; Pelagosa, 2gth Nov., 1811, Mid., " Active "; The Potomac, I'jth Aug., 1814, Mid., "Seahorse"; i^th Dec., Boat Service, 1814, Mid., "Seahorse"; Algiers, Master's Mate, "Impreg- nable." These are all that appear in the Admiralty Lists, although six other five-bar combinations can be compiled from O 'Byrne's 44 Naval Biography." ADDENDUM. AFRICA GENERAL SERVICE MEDAL. (Continued from page 184.) Bv Armv Order 49, 1906, King Edward VII. ai6 granted a bar inscribed S. Nigeria 1902 to all who s. Nigeria, took part in the following expeditions: — 1902. In the Ngor country in July, 1902. In the Ebeku country in September, 1902. In the Ikwe country in October, 1902. In the Ibeku Olokoro country between October 26th and December 8th, 1902, both dates inclusive. In the Ibekwe country in October, 1902. In the Nsit country in December, 1902. In the Asaba hinterland in December, 1902. By Army Order 102, 1908, King Edward VII. approved of a further issue of this medal and bars, as follows : — (1) The medal, with bar, East Africa 1902, to all East Africa, officers and men under the command of Lieutenant 2' F. W. O. Maycock, D.S.O., the Suffolk Regiment, composing the Maruka patrol, which reached the Maruka district on September 4th, 1902, and operated in the district until October 25th, 1902, both dates inclusive. (2) The medal, with bar, East Africa 1904, to all East Africa, officers and men under the command of Captain IQO4.. F. A. Dickinson, the Duke of Cornwall's Light In- fantry, composing the Iraini patrol, which entered the ADDENDUM. 519 Iraini country on February I3th, 1904, and patrolled it between that date and March lyth, 1904, both dates inclusive. (3) The medal, with bar, East Africa 1905, to all officers and men under the command of Captain and East Africa, Brevet-Major L. H. R. Pope-Hennessy, D.S.O., the'9 Oxfordshire Light Infantry, who took part in the operations in and near Sotik, from May 3ist to July I2th, 1905^ both dates inclusive; also to all officers and men under the command of Captain E. V. Jenkins, D.S.O., the Duke of Wellington's (West Riding Regiment), composing the Kisii patrol, which entered the Kisii country on September ist, 1905, and patrolled it until October 9th, 1905, both dates inclusive. (4) The medal, with bar, East Africa 1906, to all officers and men under the command of Lieutenant East Africa, 1006 F. W. O. Maycock, D.S.O., the Suffolk Regiment, composing the Embo patrol, which entered the Embo country on June i8th, 1906, and operated there until July igth, 1906, both dates inclusive. (5) The medal, with bar, West Africa 1906, to all officers and men under the command of Captain west W. C. E. Rudkin, D.S.O., Royal Field Artillery, composing the Owa column, which left Asaba on June 9th, 1906, and operated under his orders against the people of Owa, until the restoration of peace and the breaking up of the column on August 3rd, 1906, both dates inclusive; also to all reinforcements which reached that officer, and operated under his orders against the people of Owa, between the above dates. (6) The medal, with bar, West Africa 7906, to all officers and men who operated in the Chibuk country 520 ADDENDUM. under the command of Lieutenant P. Chapman, D.S.O., the Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regi- ment), between November i2th and December 4th, 1906, both dates inclusive; and to all officers and men who operated in the same district under the command of Lieutenant E. J. Wolseley, the East Lancashire Regiment, between December 22nd, 1906, and February lyth, 1907, both dates inclusive. , Officers, soldiers, and others already in possession of the Africa General Service Medal received the bar only. The grant of the medal and bar, or bar only, to officers of the Regular and Auxiliary Forces was con- fined to those who had official sanction to be present. There have been fifty-nine expeditions for which this medal with thirty-one different bars has been issued. INDEX. A. Ability and Good Conduct, Naval Medal for (1842), 223 Abu-Hamed (1897), Bar f°r> J44 Abu Klea (1885), Clasp for, 116 Troops engaged at, 122 Abyssinian Medal (1867-8), 107 Order of Solomon, 445 War, troops and ships en- gaged in, 108 Afghanistan (1878-80), I.O.G.T. Medal for, 471 Afghan Order of the Dooranee, 446 Afghan War, First (1839), Medal issued for, 57, 58 Afghan War (1842), 60-63 Indian Government's Medals for, 60, 61 Jellalabad Medals for, 60 Troops engaged in, 61, 62 Afghan Wars (1878-80), com- binations of Bars issued with Medal for, 113 Medal and Bars for, m, 112 Troops engaged in, 112, 114 Africa. See Ashantee, Egypt, Mashon aland, Matabe- leland ; Central, East, South, and West Africa ; Nigeria, Rho- desia, Soudan, &c. Africa General Service Medal (1902), 176, 180-184, 518- 5*9 Bars for, 176-8, 180, 520 Ahmed-Khel (1880), Bar for, 112 Troops engaged at, 112 Aix Roads, Medal for destroy- ing French ships in, 46 Albert Medal (1866, 1877), 496 Albuera (1811), Bar for, 72 Gallant action by Lieut. Latham at, 47 Spanish Cross for (1815), 463 Troops engaged at, 76 Alexandra's (Queen) Medals for Nurses, 495 Alexandria, Bombardment of (1882), Bar for, 115 Ships engaged at, 123 Algiers, Bar for, 514 Ali-Musjid (1878), Bar for, 112 Troops engaged at, 112 Aliwal Medal (1846), 66 Troops engaged at, 68 Allighur (1803), Bar for, 84 Alma (1854), Bar for, 90 Troops engaged at, 94 Ambulance Coronation Medal (1902), 487 Anne, Queen, Medals granted by, 14 Antarctic Discoveries, Medal and Bar for (1901-4), 485-6 Arctic Discoveries, Medals for, 484 Meritorious Service Medal (1854), 485 ''Arethusa" Training - ship Medal, 483 Argaum (1803), Bar for, 84 <(Ark-in-Flood" Medal, 3 Armada Medals, 3, 4 Army, Best Shot in, Medal for (1870), 223 522 INDEX. Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medals (1830, 1837, 1848, 1860, and 1870), 218-224 Nursing Service Reserve Medal (1897), 495 Regiments, Old and new names of, xii. (back of " Con tents ") Temperance Associations' Medals, &c., 472-4 Aro (1901-2), Bar for, 177 Ashantee War (1873-4), Medal for, 108 Troops engaged in, 109 Ashantee War (1895-6), Star for, 133 Troops engaged in, 133 Ashantee War (1900), Medal for, J54 Troops engaged in, 155 Assaye (1803), Bar for, 84 Asseerghur (1803), Bar for, 84 Atbara, The (1898), Bar for, 142 Auckland, Lord, Special Medal granted to (1839), 58 Australian Volunteers' Medals, 478 Austrian Orders, 20, 447 Order of Maria Theresa, 20 Ava (1824-6), 55, 85 Azoff (1855), Bar for, 91 B. B.C. A. (1899-1900), Bar for, 177 "Bacchante" (H.M.S.), Bar for (1904), 482 Badajoz (1812), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 76 Bagur and Palamos (1810), Spanish Medal for, 46 Bahr-el-Ghazel (1900-2), Bars for, 145, 184 Balaklava, Bar for, 90 Troops engaged at, 94 Baltic Medal (1854-5), 94 Baronets' Badge (1835), 441 Baronets of Nova Scotia (1624-9), 440 Barrosa (1811), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 75 Barry (David), Medals won by, 218 Basutoland, Bar for, 480 Bath, Order of the, 432 Bavarian Orders, 447 Beaver Club (Montreal) Medal, 500 Bechuanaland, Bar for, 480 Belfast (1900), Bar for, 159 Belgian Medal for Waterloo (1815), 52 Order of Leopold, 448 Belmont (1899), Bar for, 159 Benevente (1809), Bar for, 72 Bengal Presidency Rifle Asso- ciation's Medal, 468 Benin (1899), Medal and Bar for, 150 Benin River (1894-7), Bars for, 132, 138, 151 Best Shot, British Army (1870), Medal for, 223 Shot, Indian Army, Medal for, 223 Bhootan (1864-66), Bar for, 106 Troops engaged in, 106 Bhurtpoor (1826), Bar for, 85 Bilboa (1836), Medal given to Naval Contingent for services at, 57 Spanish Cross for, 463 Birma. See Burma. Black Eagle, Order of the, 457 Blake Medal (1653), u Board of Trade Medal for Gal- lantry in Saving Life, 497 Boat Service, list of Bars for (Naval General Medals, 1793-1840), 82, 514 Boer War (1899-1901), Medals for, 157-60 Bars for, 158 Combinations of Bars for, 161 Troops and ships engaged in, !73» r75 Bombay Catholic Temperance Society's Medal, 474 Presidency Rifle Associa- tion's Medal (1891), 468 Boulton's, Mr., Medal for Tra- falgar (1805), 36 INDEX. 523 Bourbon (1810), Medal for, 39 Boycott Expedition (1880), Medal for, 491 Brass River (1895, &£•)» Bars for, 132, 151 Brilliant Star, Order of the, 465 British Central Africa (1899- 1900), Bar for, 177 South Africa Co.'s Medal (1893-6-7), 137, 143 Troops receiving it, 143 British India, Order of, 438 Orders, 430-44 War Medals, 1-185 Brown (Sir Richard) Medal (1644), 9 Brunswick Medal for the Penin- sula (1810-14), 51 Medal for Waterloo (1815), 5°; 51 "Bulwark" (H.M.S.), Bar for (1904), 482 Burma (1824-6), Medal for ser- vices in, 55, 84 Troops engaged in, 56 Burma (1852-3), Medal for, 88 Troops engaged in, 89 Burma (1885-7), Medal for, 124 Troops engaged in, 124 Burma (1887-9), Medal for, 125 Burma (1889-92), Clasp for, 128 Troops engaged in, 126, 128, 129 Busaco (1810), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 75 Button (Crystal), Order of the, 449 (Green), Order of the, 449 (Ruby and Blue), Orders of the, 448 C. Tabul Medal (1842), 62, 63 Cabul (1879), Bar for, 112 Troops engaged at, 112 Caledonian Asylum Medal (1844), 484 Callis Medal (1742), 16 CAMPAIGN MEDALS, 1-185 First bestowal of, i Canada General Medal (1899), Canada, Medal for Saving Life (^S), 500 North-West (1885), Medal for, 123 Canadian Indian Chiefs' Medal, 428 Meritorious Service Medals, 477 Candahar (1842), Medal for, 62 Candahar (1880), Bar for, 112 Roberts' Star for, 113 Troops engaged at, 113 Canton (1857), Bar for, 102 Cape Colony (1899-1902), Bar for, 158 Cape of Good Hope Medals, 479-80 Carib War (1773), Medal for, 27 War (1795) Medal, 28 Cayenne, Portuguese Medal for (1809), 45 Central African Medal (1893), '31 African Medals and Bars (1894-99), 148, 150, 176 Central India (1858), Bar for, IOO Ceylon (1796), Medal for, 30 (1818), Medal for, 54 Charasia (1879), Bar for, 112 Troops engaged at, 112 Charles I. authorises a badge for " forlorn hopes," 5, 6 Medals struck during reign of, 5 Charles II., Medals struck dur- ing reign of, 12 Charles III., Order of (1811), 461 Chateauguay (1812), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 76 " Chichester " Training - ship Medals, 483 Chilianwala (1849), Bar f°r» 69 Chin Hills (1892-3), Bar for, 179 Troops engaged at, 180 China War, First (1842), Medals for, 59 Troops engaged in, 60 China War (1857-60), Bars issued with Medal for, 102 524 INDEX. China War, Combinations of Bars issued with Medal for, 103 Medal for, 104 Troops engaged in, 102 China War (1900), Medals and Bar for, 155, 493 Troops and ships engaged in, 156 Chinese Orders, 448-50 Chin-Lushai (1889-90), Bar for, 126 Troops engaged at, 126 Chitral (1895), Bars for> 134 Kashmir Medal and Bar for, 491 Troops engaged at, 135, 136 Christ, Order of, 457 Christian's (Princess) Army Nursing Service Re- serve Medal (1897), 495 Chrysanthemum, Japanese Order of the (z876), 454 Chrystler's Farm (1813), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 77 City of London Police, Jubilee Medal for (1887), 486 Ciudad Rodrigo (1812), Bar for, 72 Spanish Cross for (1810), 463 Troops engaged at, 76 Civita Vecchia Medal, pre- sented by Pope Pius VI., 26 Cobourg Order of Saxe-Ernes- tine, 450 Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal (1899), 478 Commemorative character of the earlier Medals, 2 Commonwealth Medals, 6 Conception, Portuguese Order of the, 457 Conduct, Distinguished, Medals for, 214, 221, 479 Good, Medals for, 218-24, 476-81 Conspicuous Gallantry Medal (1855, 1874), 217 Service Cross, Naval (1901), 224, 225 • Constabulary Medals, 486-9 Coomassie (1873-4), Bar for, 108 (1887-8), Bar for, 150 (1900), Bar for, 154 Coorg Medal (1837), 57 Copenhagen (1801), Bar for, 513 Cornelis Medal (1811), 39 Coronation Medal, George IV. 's, 3°3 Medals, Edward VI I. 's (1902), 487, 492 Corsica Medal (1793), 26 Corunna (1809), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 74 Corygaum (1818), Bar for, 85 Crescent, Order of the (1801), 35 Crimea (1854-6), 90 Baltic Medal for, 94 Bars authorised for, 90 Combinations of Bars for, 92 French Medals for, 98, 503 Legion of Honour for, 97 Orders for, 97, 98 Sardinian Medal for, 97, 5°7 Troops engaged in, 93, 94 Turkish Medals for, 95, 96 Cromwell and the Dunbar Medal, 6 Cromwellian Medals, 6 Cross, Conspicuous Service, Naval (1901), 224, 225 For Albuera (Spanish) (1815), 463 For Bilbao (1836), 463 For Ciudad Rodrigo (Spanish) (1810), 463 For St. Sebastian (1836), 56 For Talavera (Spanish) (1809), 463 For Vittoria, 464 Havelock, 473 Iron, 458 Maria Theresa Order, 20 Peninsula Gold (1808-9), 43 Portuguese (1808-9), 44 Royal Red, 438 Victoria, 186. See Victoria Cross. Crown, Italian Order of the, 453 Of India, Imperial Order of the, 437 Culloden (1746), Medals for, 15 INDEX. 525 D. Danneborg, Order of the, 450 Danube Medal (Turkish General Service Medal, 1855), 96 Davison's Nile Medal (1798), 30 Trafalgar Medal (1805), 37 Dawkita (1897), Bar for> X38, Deccan Medal (1784), 28 Deig (1804), 84, 85 Delhi (1803-4), Bars for, 84 • (1857), Bar for> I0° Durbar Medal (1903), 403 Detroit, Fort (1812), Bar for, 72, Diamond Hill (1900), Bar for, J59 Distinguished Conduct Medal (1854), 214, 221 Conduct Medal, Cape of Good Hope, 479 Conduct Medal, gratuities given with, 215 Service Medal, Indian (1907), 216 Service Order, 437 Dongola Expedition (1896), Medal for, 136 Bars for, 136 Troops receiving it, 137 Dooranee, Order of the, 446 Dreifontein (1900), Bar for, 159 "Drummond Castle" Wreck Medal (1896), 493 Dublin Mounted Police Medal (1900), 489 Dufferin, Earl, Prize (1884), 467 Dunbar (1650), Medals for, 2, 6 Durbar Medal (1903), 403 Dutch Campaigns, Medals for, 10, 12 Orders, 452 E. Eagle, Order of the Black, 457 Order of the Red, 458 Order of the White, 459 Earlier Medals, commemorative nature of, 2 Earlier Medals, method of sus- pension of, 2 East and Central Africa Medal and Bars (1899), 152, J53> J76 East and West Africa Medal (1892), 130, 138, 176 East India Co.'s Medals, 17, 28, 34, 39, 55, 70, 83, 86, 221, 222, 284 Edgehill (1642), Medal for, 5 Edward VII. , Medals given dur- ing reign of, 157, 221, 443> 475, 485, 487, 492-3, 500, &c. Coronation Medals (1902), 492 Medal for Saving Life in Mines (1908), 500 Edwardes', Lieut. H. B., Medal for distinguished ser- vices in the Punjab (1848-9), 70 Egypt (1801), Medal and Bars given for services in, 34, 72, 77 Troops engaged in, 36 Egypt, Turkish Gold Medal given for services in, 35 Egypt and Soudan (1882-9), 114- 123 And Soudan (1882-9), com- binations of Bars issued with Medals for, 119 And Soudan Medal (1882- 5)» "4 And Soudan, troops engaged in, 121 Elandslaagte (1899), Bar for, '58 Eliot (General) Medal (1779-82), 25 Elizabeth, Queen, Medals granted by, 3, 4 El-Teb (1884), Bar for, 115 Troops engaged at, 122 Engineers' Medal, Naval (1842), 223 English Waterloo Medals (1815), 48 Essex (Earl of) Medals (1642), 8, 10 526 INDEX. F. Fairfax (Lord) Medals (1643-45), 8-10 Fatshan (1857), Bars for, 102 Fenian Raids (1866-70), Bars for, 148 Rising (1867), Badge for, 488 Ferozeshuhur Medal (1845), 66 Troops engaged at, 66 Field, Medal for Distinguished Conduct in the (1854), 214, 221 Fire Brigade Medals (1902, 1909), 487 Firket (1896), Bar for, 136 First bestowal of campaign Medals, i Medals for officers and men of army, 2, 6 Medals for officers and men of navy, 12 "First of June" Medal (1794), 21, 24, 513 Gold Badge for, 24 Fitzclarence (Lord F.), Medal presented by, 224 " Flying Victory " Medal (1842), 61 Foreign Orders worn by British soldiers, 445-65 " Forlorn hopes," badge author- ised by Charles I. for, 5. 6 Fort Detroit (1812), Bar for, 72 Troops "engaged at, 75 France (Isle of) Medal (1810), 39 Francis II., Medal presented by (I794)> J7 Franz-Joseph, Order of, 447 French Legion of Honour for Crimea (1854-6), 97 Medal for Saving Life, 500 Medal for Valeur et Disci- pline, 98 Medals for Crimea, 98, 503 Orders and Decorations, 97, 450, 482, 503 Fuentes d'Onor (1811), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 77 G. Gallantry, Conspicuous, Medal for (1855, 1874), 221 "Gallantry in the Field" Medal, Sir H. G. Smith's (1851), 466 Gallantry in Saving Life, Board of Trade Medal for, 497 Gambia (1894), Bar for, 132, 151 (1901), Bar for, 177 Garibaldi's Volunteers' Medal, 482 Garter, Order of the, 430 Gawilghur (1803), Bar for, 84 Gedaref, Bar for, 143 Gedid (1899), 145 Gemaizah (1888), Bar for, 117 Troops engaged at, 123 General Service Medal, African (1902), 176 Service Medal, Cape of Good Hope, 479 Service Medal, East India Co.'s (1799-1826), 83, 86 Service Medal and Bars, Indian (1854), 88, 99, 100, 104, 106, 107, 124-7, 130, 132, 133, 179 Service Medal, Military (1806-14), 71, 512 Service Medal, Naval (1793- 1840), 77, 513, 515 Service Medal, Turkish (1854-6), 96 Geneva Cross (1870-1), 482 " George," the, 430 George I., Medals given during reign of, 115, 420 George II., Medals given during reign of, 15, 421 George III., Medals given during reign of, 17, 423 George IV., Medal given during reign of, 55 Coronation Medal of, 303 Germany, Francis II., Emperor of, and officers of the i5th Light Dragoons, 17 Ghuznee (1839), Medal for Cap- ture of, 57, 58 Troops engaged at, 58 Ghuznee- Cabul Medal (1842), 62 INDEX. 527 Gibraltar, Medals for Defence of (1779-82), 25 "Glorious First of June" (1794), Medal for, 21, 24> 5X3 Gliickstadt (1814), Swedish Medal for, 464 Good Conduct and Long Service Medals, Army (1830, 1837, 1848, 1860, and 1870), 218-224 Conduct and Long Service, Medal, Cape of Good Hope, 479 Conduct and Long Service Medal, Militia and Yeo- manry (1904), 476 Conduct and Long Service Medals, Naval (1831, 1848, and 1909), 220-2, Shooting Medal, Naval (1903), 481 Good Templars' Medal for Afghanistan (1878-80), 47 l Goojerat (1849), Bar for> 69 Governor-General's Prize (India) (1884), 467 Greek Order of the Redeemer, 451 Greenwich Hospital School Medals, 484 Grueber's " Catalogue of En- glish Medals," 8 Guadaloupe (1810), Bar for, 72, 512 Troops engaged at, 75 Guelphic Order, Royal, 451 Gwalior War (1843), Medals for the, 65 Troops engaged in, 66 Gyantse (1004), Bar for, 181 II . Hafir (1896), Bar for, 136 Hanoverian Brigade, Medal for (1779-82), 25 Long-Service Medal, 219 Medal for the Peninsula (1810-14), 51 Medal for Waterloo (1815), Hanoverian Royal Guelphic Order, 451 Hat, Medals worn on the, 2 Havelock Cross, 473 Hazara Campaign (1868), Bar for, i 06 Campaign (1888), Bar for, 125 Campaign (1891), Bar for, 127 Hesse Order of Philip the Magnanimous, 452 Hibernian Military School Medal, 484 Highland Regimental School Medal (1844), 484 Hong-kong Plague Medal (1894), 494 Police Medal, 488 Honourable East India Co.'s Medals, 17, 28, 34, 39, 55. 7°> 83> 86> 22I> 222> Howe's (Earl) Medal (1794), 21, 24> 2S Hudson Bay Co.'s Medal, 427 Humane Societies' Medals (1774), 496-501 Hunza (1891), Bar for, 130 Hyderabad Medal (1843), 64 Rifle Association's Medal, 468 I. Imperial Medal of India, 439 Service Order (1902), 443 "Implacable" Training-ship Medal, 483 "Indefatigable" Training-ship Medal, 483 India, Central (1858), Bar for, 100 India, Imperial Medal of, 439 Kaisar-i-Hind Medal (1900), Long Service and Good Conduct, Medals for (1848, 1870, 1888), 221, 224 Medal (1895), '33. '34, '39 Medal, Bars for, 134, 139, 140 Medal for Saving Life, 499 528 INDEX. India, Meritorious Service in, Medals for (1848, 1888, 1902), 221, 222, 224 North-west Frontier (1849- 63, 1897-8), Bars for, 104 Order of British, 438 Order of the Crown of, 437 Order of the Star of, 434 Indian Army, Medal for best Shot, 223 Chiefs' (North American) Medals (1714 to 1875), 420-9 Distinguished Service Medal (1907), 216 Empire, Order of the, 436 General Service Medal (1854) and Bars, 88, 99, loo, 104, 106, 107, 124- 127, 130, 132, 133, 179 General Service Medal (1799-1826), 83 General Service Medal (1895) and Bars, 134, 139, MO General Service Medal (1903), 178 General Service Medal (1908), 184 Governor - General's Prize (1884), 467 Long-Service Medal (1848), 221 Mutiny Medal (1857-8), 100 Mutiny Medal, Bars issued with, loo Mutiny Medal, British regi- ments who received, 101 Mutiny Medal, combinations of Bars issued with, 101 Order of Merit, 466 Rifle Association Medals (1863-86), 467 Temperance Medals, 469-75 Inkerman (1854), Bar for, 90 Troops engaged at, 94 I.O.G.T. Medal for Afghanistan (1878-80), 471 Irish Constabulary Medals, 488 Iron Crown, Order of the, 447 Cross, Order of the, 458 Isabella the Catholic, Order of, 462 Isandlwahna, in Isle of Bourbon (1810), Medal forj 39 Of France (1810), Medal for, 39 Italian Order and Medals, 102, i°7> 453 I- Jamaica Royal Military Club's Medal (1788), 490 James I., Medal granted by, 4 James II., Medal granted by, 13 Japanese Orders, 454 Java (1811), Bar for, 72, 512,513 Medal for services in, 39 Troops engaged in, 40, 76 Jellalabad Medals (1842), 60 Troops engaged at, 61 Jerok (1904), Bars for, 145, 184 Jidballi, Bar for, 180 Johannesburg (1900), Bar for, iS9 Jowaki (1877-8), Bar for, no Troops engaged in, no Jubaland (1900-1), Bar for, 176 Juba River (1893), Bars for, 132 Jubilee Medal (1865) for Water- loo (1815), 52 Medals, Imperial (1887, 1897), 439> 440 Medals, London Police (1887), 486 Jummoo (1895), Bar for, 491 K. Kabul. See Cabul. Kachin Hills (1902-3), Bar for, 179 Kaduna Expedition (1900), Medal and Bar for, 150 Kaffir Wars (1834-53), Medal for, 87 Troops engaged in, 87, 88 Kaisar-i-Hind Medal (1900), 444 Kandahar. See Candahar. Kandian Rebellion (1818) Medal, 54 Kars, Defence of (1855), Medal given for, 97 Kashmir Medal for Chit (1895), 491 INDEX. 529 Kelat-i-Ghilzie Medal (1842), 63 Khartoum (1898), Bar for, 143 Khedive's Medal for Dongola (1895), 136 Medal for Soudan (1898, &c.), M3> J44> 184 Star (1882-9, &c.), 117, 118 Kimberley (1899-1900), Medals and Bars 'for, 158-9, 491 Kimbolton (Lord) Medal (1643), 9 King's African Rifles, Medal fqr (1907), 481 Police Medal (1909), 487 South Africa Medal (1899- 1901), 159 Kirbekan (1885), Clasp for, 116 Troops engaged at, 123 Kirkee (1817), Bars for, 85 Kissi (1905), Bar for, 183 Kumassi. See Coomassie Kyrle (Robert) Medal, 10 L. Ladysmith (1899-1900), Bars for, *59 La Hogue Medal (1692), 13 Laing's Nek (1900), Bar for, 159 Lampriere Medal (1703), 14 Lango (1901), Bar for, 178 Laswarree (1803), 84 Latham's, Lieut., Medal (1813), 47 Legations, Defence of (Chinese) (1900), Bar for, 156 Legion of Honour for the Crimea (1854-6), 97 Leopold, Austrian Order of, 447 Belgian Order of, 448 Life-saving Medals, 496-501 Ligny, Medal for (1815), 49 Line Battalions, old and new names of, xii. (back of " Con tents") Lion, Dutch Order of the, 452 Lion and the Sun, Persian Order of the, 455 Liverpool Police Medals, 486 Shipwreck and Humane Society Medals (1839), 498 Liwondi (1893), Bar for, 132, 151 Lloyd's Medal for Saving Life from Shipwreck (1839), 499 Local P^orces, New Zealand, Medal for, 481 London Police, Jubilee Medals for (1887), 486 Long Service and Good Conduct Medals, Army (1830, 1837, l848» l86o> and 1870), 218-224 Service and Good Conduct Medal, Cape of Good Hope, 479 Service Medal (Army), In- dian (1848, 1870, 1888), 221, 224 Service and Good Conduct Medals, Militia and Yeomanry (1904), 476 Service and Good Conduct Medals, Naval (1831, 1848, and 1909), 220, 222, 477 Service Medals and Decora- tions, Volunteers', 475 Service Medal, Colonial Auxiliary Forces (1899) 478 Service Medal, Hanoverian, 219 Looshai. See Lushai. Lord St. Vincent's Medal (1800), Louisbourg Medal (1758), 17 Loyal Orange Association Medal (1690), 489-90 Lubwa's (1897-8), Bar for, 152 Lucknow (1857-8), Bars for, 100 Lushai (1872), Bar for, 107 Lushai (1889-92), Bar for, 128 Troops engaged in, 107, 128, 129 M. Mafeking (1899-1900), Bars for, '58, 159 Magdala Medals, 468 Maharajpoor Medal (1843), 65 M M 530 INDEX. Maheidpoor (1817), Bar for, 85 Maida (1806), Medal and Bar issued for Battle of, 38, 72, 512 Troops engaged at, 74 Malakand (1897), Bar for, 139 Troops engaged at, 141 Malay War (1875-6), Medal for, 109 Manchester (Earl of) Medals (i643)i 9 Manipur (1891), Bar for, 130 Maria Isabella Louisa, Order of (1835-7), 462 Theresa, Order of, 20 Marine Society Medal (1722), 484 Martinique (1809), Bar for, 72, 512 Troops engaged at, 74 Mashonaland (1897), Medal and Bar for, 143 Matabeleland (1893), Medal for, i37 Troops engaged in, 137 Mauritius Police Medal, 488 Maximilian Joseph, Order of, 447 Mediterranean Garrisons (1901- 2), Medal for, 160 Medjidie, Order of, for the Crimea (1854-5), 98 Order of, for the Soudan (1882), 119 Meeanee Medal (1843), 64 Meeanee - Hyderabad Medal (1843), 64 Merit, Order of (1902), 443 Order of (India), 466 MERITORIOUS SERVICE MEDALS, 186-225, 477, 485 Meritorious Service (Arctic), Medal for (1854), 485 Service (Army), East India Co.'s Medal for (1848), 222 Service Medal (1845), 2I4» 221 Service Medal, Cape of Good Hope, 479 Service Medals, India (1848, l888, 1902), 221, 222, 224 Service, &c., Medals (1902), Meritorious Service Medals (Canada), 477 Meruisti Medals (1650), 10 Metropolitan Fire Brigade, Coronation Medal for (1902), 487 Police, Coronation Medal for (1902), 487 Police, Jubilee Medals for (1887), 486 Military General Service Medal (1806-14), 71, 512 Bars Authorised for, 72 Military Merit, Prussian Order of> 457 Order of Savoy, 453 MILITIA MEDALS (arranged alpha- betically), 287-419 Militia and Yeomanry Long Service and Good Con- duct Medal (1904), 476 Mediterranean Garrisons (1901-2), 160 Mines, Edward Medal for Saving Life in (1908), 500 Miranzai Expedition (.1891), 127 Miscellaneous Medals, 400-95 Modder River (1899), Bar for, Mohmand Force (1897-8), 141 Monghur Mutiny Medal (1766), Moodkee Medal (1845), 66 Troops engaged at, 68 Mooltan (1848), Bar for, 69 Munshi Expedition (1900), Medal and Bar for, 150 Mutiny. See Indian Mutiny Mwele (1895-6), Bar for, 134, 151 Mysore Medal (1791-2), 29 N. Naga Hill tribes, campaign against (1879-80), 125 Nagpore (1817), Bars for, 85 Nandi (1905-6), Bar for, 183 Napoleon L, anecdote of, 3 Napoleon * III., Legion of Honour conferred by, 97 Nassau Medal for Waterloo (1815), 50 INDEX. Natal (1899-1900), Bar for, 158 (1906), Medal for, 480 National temperance League's Medals, 475 Naval Conspicuous Service Cross (1901), 224, 225 Engineers' Medal (1842), 223 General Service Medal (1793-1840), 77, 513, 515 General Service Medal, list of Bars issued with, 7^, SX3> 515 General Service Medal, list of Bars for Boat Ser- vice issued with, 82 Gold Medals, institution of, 20, 22 Gold Medals, list of actions for which given, 23 Good Shooting Medal (1903), 481 Long Service and Good Conduct Medals (1831, 1848, and 1909), 220-2, 477 Medal, first, 3 Medal, first, for Officers and Men alike, 13 Medal for Valour, Italian (1891), 454 Reserve Medals (1909), 477 Temperance Medals, 474-5 Navarino, Bar for, 514 Nelson Medals for Trafalgar (1805), 36, 37 Nelson's Naval Medals, 24 Prize Agent's Nile Medal (1798), 3° Nepaul (1816), Medal for ser- vices in, 40 Bar for, 85 New Zealand Local Forces, Medal for, 481 New Zealand Medal (1845-7), 71 New Zealand Medal (1860-6), 105 • New Zealand Medals, list of dates on reverse of, 105 New Zealand, troops and ships engaged in, 106 Nigeria, Bars for, 132, 138, 154, 176, 178, 181, 182 Nigeria, Royal Niger Co.'s Medal for, 153 Nile, Battle of, Lord Nelson's Prize Agent's Medal for (1798), 30 Nelson's Medal for, 24 Ships at Battle of, 31 Nile Expedition (1884-5), Clasp for, 116 Troops engaged on, 122 Nive (1813), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 76 Nivelle (1813), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 76 Nore Mutiny Medal (1800), 34 Norfolk Association for Saving Life from Shipwreck, Medal of, 500 North America (1812-13), Bars for, 72 North American Indian Medals (1714-1875), 420-9 North-East Frontier (India, 1891), Bar for, 130 North-West Canada Medal (1885), 123 North-West Frontier (India), 1849-63, 1897-8, 1908), Bars for, 104, 139, 185 Northern Nigeria (1900-6), Bars for, 176, 178, 181-183 Norwegian Order of St. Olaf, Nova Scotia Baronets (1624-9), 440 Nurses' Medals, 495 Nyam-Nyam (1905), Bars lor, 145, 184 Nyassa, Lake (1893), Bar for, 132, IS' O. Officers' Medals, 3. See also Regimental Medals Orange Free State (1900-2). Bar for, 159 Orange Medals (1688-90), 489-90 Order of Maria Theresa, 20 Crescent (1801), 35 Merit (India), 466 Merit (1902), 443 532 INDEX. Order of Medjidie for Crimea (1854-5), 98 Medjidie for Soudan (1882), "9 . Orders, British, 430-44 Foreign, worn by British Soldiers, 445-65 Origin of Campaign Medals, i Orthes (1814), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 76 Osmanieh, Order of the, 464 Otter (1810), Bar for, 514 P. Paardeberg (1900), Bar for, 159 Palamos and Bagur (1810), Spanish Medal for, 46 Papal Brigade Medal (1860), 106 Parliamentary Badges (1642-6), 8 Medals, 6 Party badges, Medals worn as, 8 Pegu (1852-3), Bar for, 89 Peiwar-Kotal (1878), Bar for, 112 Troops engaged at, 112 Pekin (1860), Bar for, 102 (1900), Bar for, 156 Peninsula Gold Cross (1808-9) Gold Medal (1808-9), 41 Gold Medal, list of engage- ments for which given, 42 Peninsular War (1810-14), Medal for, 71 Brunswick Medal for, 51 Hanoverian Medal for, 51 Portuguese Crosses for, 44, 45 Troops engaged in, 74 Perak (1875-6), Bar for, IOQ Persia (1856-7), Medal for ser- vice in, 99 Troops engaged in, 99 Persian Order of the Lion and the Sun, 455 Philip the Magnanimous, Order of, 452 Picton (General) Medal (1779- 82), 25 Pius VI. and the i2th Light Dragoons, 26 Pius IX. and the Irish Brigade of Volunteers (1860), 1 06 Police Medals, 486-9 Pompee (1809), Bar for, 514 Poona (1817), Bars for, 85 Portraits of officers showing no medals, 2 Portuguese Crosses for Penin- sular War, 44, 45 Medal for Cayenne (1809), 45 Orders, 44, 456 Poyntz (Gen. Sydney) Medal (1646), 9 Princess Christian's Army Nursing Service Reserve Medal (1897), 495 "Prometheus" (H.M.S.) Medal (1809), 490 Prussian Orders, 457 Punjab Frontier (1897-8), Bai for, 139 Punjab Medal (1848-9), 68 Bars issued with, 69 Punjab War (1848-9), Medal given to Lieut. H. B. Edwardes for distin- guished service during, 70 Troops engaged in, 70 Punniar, Medal for (1843), 65 Troops engaged at, 66 Pyrenees ^(1813), Bar for, 72 Spanish Decoration for, 463 Troops engaged in, 76 Q- Quatre Bras (1815), Medal for, 51 Queen's Messenger's Badge, 441 South African Medal (1899- 1901), 158 R. Red Cross, the Royal, 438 Red Eagle, Order of the, 458 Red River (1870), Bar for, 148 • INDEX. 533 i Redeemer, Order of the, 451 REGIMENTAL MEDALS (in nu- merical order), 226-86 Regiments, old and new names of, xii. (back of " Con- tents ") Rhodesia (1896), Medal for, 137 (1899-1900), Bar for, 158 Riel's Rebellion (1885), Medal for troops engaged in suppressing, 123 Rising Sun, Order of the, 455 • Roberts' Badge, 473 Star (1880), 113 Rodrigues (1809), Medal for, 39 Roleia (1808), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 74 Rorke's Drift, in Royal Guelphic Order, 451 Humane Society's Medals (i774), 477 Irish Constabulary Medals, 488 National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck, Medal of, 498 Naval Reserve Medals (1909), 477 Niger Co.'s Medal (1899), 'S3 Red Cross, the, 438 Scots' Medal, 239 Victorian Order (1896), 442 Rupert (Prince) Medal (1644), 9 Russian Orders, 458 S. Sahagun (1808), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 74 St. Alexander Newsky, Order of, 460 St. Andrew, Russian Order of, 460 St. Ann, Order of, 458 St. Benoit d'Avis, Order of, 456 St. Ferdinand, Order of (1800), 460 St. George, Russian Order of, 459 Sicilian Order of, 461 St. Januarius, Order of, 461 St. Jean d'Acre Medal (1842), 59 St. John Ambulance Brigade Coronation Medal (1902), 487 St. John of Jerusalem, Order of (revived 1888), 441 Medal for South Africa (1899-1902), 494 St. Maurice and St. Lazarus, Order of (1816), 460 St. Michael and St. George, Order of, 435 St. Michael, Bavarian Order of, 448 St. Olaf, Order of, 455 St. Patrick, Order of, 431 St. Sebastian (1836), Spanish Medal for, 56 St. Stanislaus, Order of, 459 St. Vincent, Medals for, 24, 513 St. Vincent's, Lord, Medal (1800), 34 St. Vladimir, Order of, 459 Salamanca (1812), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 75 Samana (1891-7), Bars for, 127, 140 Troops engaged at, 127, 141 San Fernando, Order of (1811), 462 San Sebastian (1813), Bar for, 72> 5'4 Troops engaged at, 76 Sardinian Medal for Crimea (1855-6), 97, 507 Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus (1816), 460 Saskatchewan (1885), Bar for Battle of, 124 Saving Life, Medals for, 496- 501. Savoy, Military Order of, 453 Saxe-Ernestine, Order of, 450 Saxe-Gotha Medal for Waterloo (1815), 52 School Medals, 484 Scinde (1843), Medals for War in, 64 Sebastopol (1855), Bar for, 90 Seetabuldee (1817), Bars for, 85 Selim III., Medal given by (1801), 35 534 INDEX. Seringapatam (1799), Medal for storming and capture of, 32 Troops present at, 33 Service, Long, Medals for, 218- 224, 475-9 Meritorious, Medals for, 186-225, 477, 485 " Shaftesbury " Training-ship Medal, 483 Shepherd, John, Medals won by, 218 Shipwrecked Fishermen and Mariners' Royal Bene- volent Society's Medal (1839), 498 Shoojah's (Shah) Medal for Ghuznee (1839), 57, 58 Shooting (Good) Medal, Naval (1905), 481 Shot, Best, in the Army, Medals for (1870), 223 Sicilian Orders, 460 Sierra Leone (1898-9), Bar for, 149 Sikh War, first (1845-6), 66 Sikkim Campaign (1888), 125 Troops engaged in, 126 Silistria Medal (1855), 96 Smith's, Sir H. G., " Gallantry in the Field" Medal (1851), 466 Sobraon Medal (1846), 66 Troops engaged at, 68 Soldiers' Indian Total Abstin- ence Association Medals, 469, 472 Solomon, Abyssinian Order of, 445 Somaliland (1898), Medal and Bar for, 152 (1901), Bar for, 177 (1902-4), Bar for, 180 Souakin. See Suakin Soudan (1882), Khedive's Star for, 117 Bars issued with, 115 Order of the Medjidie for, 119 Soudan Medal (1884), 115 Bars issued with, 115 Soudan Medal (1885), 116 Bars issued with, 116 Soudan Medal for Australian5 Volunteers, 478 Soudan Medal (1885-6), 117 Soudan, Troops engaged in, 121, J43 Wars, 114-123, 136, 143 Wars (1896-9), Medals for, 136, 143, 144, 146 Wars (1900-5), Medals for, 184 Wars in, Bars issued with Medals for, 115, 116, 143, 145, 184 South African Medal (1834-53), 87 South African Medal (1877-79), no Novel character of Bars issued with, no Troops engaged in, in South African Medal (1893), issued by Chartered Company, 137, 143 Troops receiving it, 137, 143 South African Wars (1877-81), troops engaged in, in South African War (1899-1902), Medals for, 157-60, 493 Bars for, 158, 159, 493 Combinations of Bars for, 161 Troops and ships engaged in, 173, 175 Southern India Rifle Associa- tion's Medals, 468 Southern Nigeria (1901-6), Bars for, 176, 181-3 Spanish Armada, Medals for destruction of, 3 Medal for Bagur and Pala- mos (1810), 46 Medals for St. Sebastian (1836), 56 Orders and Medals, 46, 56, 461-4 Star, Ashantee (1895-6), 133 Khedive's (1882-9, 1896), 117, 118 Of India, Order of, 434 Order of the Brilliant, 465 Roberts' (1880), 113 Suakin (1884), Bar for, 115 Ships engaged at, 123 INDEX. 535 Suakin (1885), Clasp for, 116 Sun, Order of the Rising, 455 (Sutlej War (1845-6), Medals and Bars issued for the, 66, 67 Troops engaged in, 68 Swedish Medal for Gliickstadt (1814), 464 Syria, Medal and Bar for ser- vices in, 59, 514 T. Taku Forts (1858-60), Bars for, IO2 (1900), Bar for, 156 Talana (1899), Bar for, 158 Talavera (1809), Bar for, 72 Spanish Cross for, 463 Troops engaged at, 75 Tamaai (1884), Bar for, 115 Troops engaged at, 122 Tayleur Fund Medal (1854), 499 Tel-el-Kebir (1882), Bar for, "5 Troops engaged at, 122 Temperance Medals, 469-75 Territorial Decoration, 475 Efficiency Medal, 476 Nurses' Badge, 495 Thistle, Order of the, 431 Tibet (1903-4), Medal for, 181 Tirah Expedition (1897-8), Bar for, 140 Troops engaged in, 142 Tofrek (1885), Clasp for, 116 Troops engaged at, 122 Tokar (1890), Bar for, 119 Torbay Medal (1703), 14 Toski (1889), Bar for, 117 Troops engaged at, 123 Toulouse (1814), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 76 Tower and Sword, Order of, 456 Trafalgar (1805), Mr. Boulton's Medal for, 36 Nelson Medals for, 36, 37 Pewter Medal for, 37 Ships at, 37 Training-ship Medals, 482 Transkei, Bar for, 480 Transport Medal (1903), 493 Transvaal (1900-2), Bar for, 159 "Triumph" Medal (1653), 12 Tugela Heights (1900), Bar for, Turkish General Service Medal (1854-6), 96 Gold Medal (1801), 35 Medals for Crimea (1854-5), 95. 96 Medal for St. Jean d'Acre (1842), 59 Orders and Medals, 35, 59, 95, 96, 98, 119, 464 U. Uganda (1897-8), Bar for, 152 (1899), Bar for, 152 (1900), Bar for, 177 Umbeyla (1864-6), Bar for, 106 Troops engaged in, 106 Ushant (1794), Medal for, 21 V. Valeur et Discipline, French Medal for, 98 Valour, Italian Naval Medal for (1891), 454 Qrder of, 449 Victoria Cross for (1856), 1 86 Victoria and Albert, Royal Order of, 436 Victoria Cross (1856), 186 Annuities given with, 186 Forgeries of, 213 Intrinsic value of, 213 Origin of, 186 Prince Consort and the, 186 Warrant instituting, 186 Winners of, 188 Victoria, Queen, Medals, &c., issued during reign of, 57, 186, 219, 428, 439, &c. . Queen, first Medal with head of (1842), 59 Victorian Order, Royal (1896), 442 "Victorious" (H.M.S.), Bar for (1904), 482 536 INDEX. Villiers-en-Crouche Medal, re- cipients of, 18 Medal and Order given by Francis II. of Ger- many for, 17 Vimiera (1808), Bar for, 72 Troops engaged at, 74 Vittoria (1813), Bar for, 72 Spanish Decorations for, 463-4 Troops engaged at, 75 Volunteer Long Service Medals, 475 VOLUNTEER MEDALS (arranged !*'^A alphabetically), 287-419 w. - • r^«»*: Wady Haifa (1885-6), Medal for, 117 Waller (Sir William) Medal (1643), 9 War Medals, British, 1-185 Waterloo (1815), Belgian Medal for, 52 Bronze Medal for, proposed, Brunswick Medal for, 51 English Medals for, 48 Hanover Medal for, 50 Jubilee Medal for (1865), 52 Nassau Medal for, 50 Regiments receiving Medals for, 53 Saxe-Gotha Medal for, 52 Wellington Medal for, pro- posed, 53 Waziristan (1894-5), Bar f°r> J32 (1901-2), Bar for, 179 Welch Medal (1642), 5 Wellington Medal for Waterloo, proposed (1815), 53 Wepener (1900), Bar for, 159 West Africa (1892), troops an i33 West African Frontier Force, Medal for (1903), 481 West African Medal (1873), 108, 130, 131, 134, 149, 176 Bars for, 108, 131, 132, 150 Combination of Bars, 150 Western India Rifle Associa- tion's Medal (1862), 468 West Indies (1809-10), Bars for, 72 White Eagle, Order of, 459 William and Mary, Medals granted during reign of, 13 William, Dutch Order of, 453 William III. Orange Medals (1688-90), 489-90 William IV., Medals issued during reign of, 56, 218, 219, 220 Wittebergen (1900), Bar for, 159 Witu (1890-3), Bars for, 132, 150 I Wooldridge Medal (1809), 46 "Worcester" Training-ship Medal, 483 Wyard Medal (1650), 10 Wyon's finest medal, 67 Y. Yeomanry and Militia Long j Service and Good Con- duct Medal (1904), 476 YEOMANRY MEDALS (arranged alphabetically), 287-419 Z. Zanzibar Medal for Indian troops, 481 Order of the Brilliant Star, j 465 L. UPCOTT Gut. LONDON & COUNTY PRINTING WORKS, DRURY UANC, W.C. CATALOGUE PRACTICAL "HANDBOOKS Published by L. UPCOTT GILL, Bazaar Buildings, London. ART. PAGE | INDEX. PAGE CACTUS - PAOE NATURAL HISTORY. JHUKCHKS, OLD KNG- LISH 5 DICTIONARY OF GAR- DENING AQUARIUM 2 lilKDS' JbiCiUS 3 CHURCH DECORATIONS 5 )BSiomwG, HARMONIC 7 FERNS -• FLOWERS.... ^ 5, 13, lo FRUIT 6, 8, 9, 18 UUTTKH*Lll!a 4 DUAUONFLIKS 7 PAIMI.MJ, DECORATIVE 1 GREENHOUSE MANAGE- RUBBKR * PRINT RESTORATION . . 1 MENT *~ HOME GARDENING — TAXIDERMY 17 AMUSEMENTS. CARD GAMES . . 4, 5, 6, 13. 17 18 INTKNSIVB CULTURE .. u MUSHROOMS 1 OPEN-AIR GARDENING 9 PET-KEEPING. Riwns 3, 4 5, 13 (JATS 5 DOGS '"6, 7, 8. 10, 11,17, 18 ENTERTAINMENTS .. 4, 8, 18 HANDICRAFTS. FORTUNE TELLING 8, 10, 13 •» PAPERWORK 13 MONKEYS ^2 PHOTOGRAPHY .....-• 13, 14 PANR RASKET WORK 5 COLLECTING. FORGE WORK GLUFS AND CEMENTS.. SPORTING. ANTIQUITIES, ENGLISH 2 MAROUFTERIE . 12 BOATING ^* 1^1 ^ vin-TAT WORKINGS 8 16 17 BOOKS 17 LAWN TFNNIS . 11 LACK HAND-MADE ..-. H Poi IHHES AND STAINS 1 MOTORING 12 OLD FTRMTURE .... 9 GAIT i v(; 16, 19 OLD i i LASS 9 SRA TFRMS l' POSTAGE STAMPS 13, 14 POTTFRV A PORCELAIN 15 WlLDFOWLING 18 FARMING. HOME. WRESTLING 11 19 9 f\ 7 DAIRY FARMING 7 TRAVEL & TOURING. H EG'* CERTIFICATES .. 8 CARAVANING 5 INFANT HKFDING g FRIKSLAND MERES 8 HORSES - J ROUTE MAP 12 POITTI Y 10 11, 15 LIBRARY. SAILING TOURS .. 16 SMAI T 'ot DINGS ..• 17 SEA LIFE -• .. 16 STOCK \ TORDS 3, 13, 17 CRICHTON, THB SEASIDE WATERING PLACES 17 I ALPINE PLANTS 2 1 BULBS .. * PARCEL POST DISPATCH BOOK 13 WEI-SII MOUNTAINEER- ING .>. 12 2 Published by L. UPCOTT GILL, Air-Gunner, The Complete. A wound practical book on nomn culture in Rifle Shooting by means of the Air- Gun, showing how real braining in marksmanship may be obtained in any ordinary garden without danger or annoyance to others. By R. B. TOWNSHKND, of the " Legion of Frontiersmen." Illustrated with diagrams and plates. In paper, price I/-, by pest 1/2. Alpine Plants. A useful guide to all the specie* and varieties worth growing, with lists of varieties most suitable for special purposes or special situations, and detailed cultural directions. By W. A. CLARK, F.R H.8. Second edition, revised ; in cloth gilt, price 3/6, by post 3/9. American Dainties, and how to prepare them. A useful book on the making of tasty Soups, Pies, Cakes, Sweets, Ice», apert price I/-, by post 1/2. Brasses, English Church. Of the Fib. to thu 17th centuries. A fine volume of the greatest value to Anti- quaries, lergyiiK'ii, and those interested in genealogy and heraldry. By E. R. bt'i'FLi . NVitii over 230 illustrations reproduced from rub'... Full demy 800, in gilt cUttk, price 10/6, by post 10/10- Bree* *s' and Exhibitors' Records. For tli tgistration of paitL-aiai-s regarding pedigree stock of every description. By W. b. TAUNTON. In three parts Part 1. Tho Pedigree Record ; Part II. Tho ttlud liecord ; Part III. The Show Roi-nrd. Demy Qvo, in gilt cloth, each price 1/6, post free 1/8 ; the set, price 3/6, by post 4/-. All Books are Net. Published by L. UPCOTT GILL, Bridge. A progressive and clear explanation, teaching the principles of the game by reason rather than by rule. By C. J. MEI.ROSK (Author of " Scientific Whist," "Solo Whist," &c.) With illustrative hands printed in colours. Third edition ; in cloth gilt, price 3/6, by post 3/10. Bridge, How to Win at. A popular guide to the game, practical, and clearly written. By "CUT-CAVEM. Revised and brought up-to-date. A convenient-sized volume for the pocket. Fifth edition ; demy 16mo, in boards, cloth back, price I/- i>u post 1/2. Bulb Culture, Popular. A practical and handy guide to the varieties of ' Bulbs ' (in the popular s«nse) anj fcheir cultivation both in the open and under glass. By W. D. DRURY, F.lt.ii.^., F.E.S. Fully illustrated. Third edition, revised and enlarged ; in paper, price I/-, by 2>ost 1/2. Bunkum Entertainments. Original laughable skits and burlesque sketches, forming ye'y amnsing su! ior amateur entertainments— comprising, Conjuring, Juggling, Performing ! Waxworks, Phrenology, The Funnygraph, Ventriloquism, Thought-reading, &c., .«fec., with humorous sketches, recitals, and drawing-room comedies. By It o BERT .GANTHONY. Illustrated. In cioth gilt p^g 2/6 by post 2/9. Butterflies, The Book of British. A practical manual for Collectors and Naturalists, treating the subject fully bufc .not abstrusely. Splendidly illustrated with very accurate engravings of Cater- pillars, Chrysalids and Butterflies, from drawings by the Author or direct from Nature. By W. J. LUCAS, B.A. (Author of "British Dragonflies," " The Book o British Hawk Moths," &c.) In cioth giitt price 2/6> by pott 2 /9. Butterfly and Moth Collecting. A practical handbook on the Outfit required ; Breeding or Capturing, and setting Butterflies and Moths ; with brief descriptions of many Species. An excellent little book. Well illustrated. Second edition, revised and enlarged ; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Cabinet Making for Amateurs. A practical handbook on the choice and use of Carpenters' Tools, with clear directions for making useful Articles of Furniture, such as Brackets, Sideboards, Tables, Cupboards, &c. Edited by JOHN P. ARK WRIGHT. Illustrated. Demy 8vo, in cloth, price 2/6, by post 2/9. Cactus Culture for Amateurs. The varieties and special cultural requirements of Cacti grown in this country; with chapters on their general botanical characters, cultivation and propagation. By W. WATSON, Curator of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Profusely illustrated. Second edition ; in cloth gilt, price 5/-, by post 5/4. Cage Birds, Diseases of. Their Causes and Prevention, Symptoms and Treatment. An invaluable manual which should be in the Library of everyone who keeps a Bird. By W. T. GKKENE,« M.D., F.Z.S., &c. (Author of "Canary Keeping for Amateurs," "Popular Parrakeets," &c.). In papert p^ i/.t by posi 1/2. Cage Birds, Notes on. Practical hints by various Fanciers on the Habits and Management of British and Foreign Cage Birds, Hybrids and Canaries. Edited by DR. W. T. GREENE, F.Z.sM Second series ; illustrated. In cloth gilt, price 6/-, by post 6/6. Cage Birds. See also under ' Birds,' ' Canaries,' &c. Canary Book, The. A comprehensive work on the Breeding and Management of Canaries and Canary Mules ; Cage Making ; Canary Societies ; Exhibition Canaries ; and all oi.her matters connected with the subject. By ROBERT L. WALLACE. With a coloured Frontispiece, and numerous other full-page Plates and illustrations. Third edition ; largt post Svo, in cloth gilt, price 5/-, by post 5/4.ffl ALSO IN Two SECTIONS :— Canaries, General Management of. Full and practical directions on Cages and Cage Making, Breeding and Managing, Mules, Diseases, Moulting, uien Haul Antiijuaiies. By UKI>R• to curry them into effect at Christinas. Easter, Whltsnn- : --rning other Feasts mid Festivals uf the Church. Raised by EKNEST 11. Sri i LINT,. Well illustrated. .d C(/tl "« c' th gilt, price 2,6, Ij i All Books orb A'e* 6 Published by L. UPCOTT GILL, Coffee Stall Management. Practical hints 011 a Direction in which Temperance and Philanthropic work nnj- be furthered. jn paper, price I/-, by post 1,1 .; Coins, A Guide to English Pattern. — that is, Trial Pieces— in Gold. Silver, Copper and Pewter, from Edward I. to Victoria; with some indication of their Value. By the Rev. G. F. CROWTHSR, M.A. (Member of the Numismatic Society of London). Illustrated Large pout 800, in cloth gilt, price 5/-, by post 5/5. ' Coins of Great Britain and Ireland, A Guide to the From the earliest period to 1905. A standard work, giving also values of b specimens. With 42 full-page plates illustrating ove^ 360 coins. By the lale Col. W. S. THORBURN, Completely revised by H. A. GRUEBER. F.S.A. Fourth edition, much enlarged ; in cloth gilt, price 10/6, by pout 10/KT Cold Meat Cookery. A handy guide to making a large number of really savoury and much appre< dainty Dishes from Cold Meat. By MRS. J. E. DAVIDSON (Author of " Dainties,. English and Foreign," &c.). jn papery price I/-, by post 1/2. : Collie, The. As a Show Dog, Companion and Worker. A practical book on its History.. Breeding, Training and Management, By HUGH DALZIEL, revised by J. MAXTEK (Author of "Popular Dog Keeping," " British Terriers," &c.) Illustrated. Third edition, revised, in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Conjuring, The Book of Modern. A clear guide to Drawing-Room and Stage Magic for Amateurs, with practical instructions for Tricks with Handkerchiefs, Coins, Rings, Hats, Watches, &c.. Ac. By PROFESSOR R. KUINARD. A Companion Volume to "The Book of Card Tricks," by the same Author. Illustrated. Large post 800, in coloured boards, price 2. 6, by post 2/9".. Conjuring for Amateurs. A practical book describing useful Appliances, Sleight of Hand, and how to- perform a number of amusing modern Tiicks; wioh a chapter on Paper Folding ("Trouble Wit"). By PROF. ELLIS STANYON (Author of " Conjuring with Cards"). Fully illustrated throughout. jn paper, price I/-, by poet 1/2. Conjuring -with Cards. How to perform a number of modern Card Tricks— with and without Sleight of Hand, with and without Apparatus. A companion book to "Conjuring for' Amateurs," and by the same author, PROF. ELLIS STANYON. Numerous illu«-. trations. jn paper, price I/-, by post 1/L I Cookery, The Encyclopaedia "f Practical. A complete Dictionary, including recipes for all kinds of Dishes, the making of Confectionery, the manufacture of Wines, Liquers, &c. and everything elso pertaining to the Art of Cookery and Table Service. Edited by THEODORS FRANCIS GARRETT, assisted by eminent Chefs de Cuisine and Confectioners. Splendidly illustrated throughout with coloured Plates and other engravings. Demy 4£o, in half morocco, cushion edges, 4 vols.* price £3 13 6, carriage paid £3 15 In cloth gilt, either 2 or 4 vols.t price £3, carriage paid £316. Crichton, the Admirable. The Accomplishments and real Character of James Crichton (1560-1582). Bya DOUGLAS CRICHTON, JF.S. A. Scot. Illustrated. jn paper, price I/-, by post l/2a In cloth gilt, price 2/-, by post 2/3. 3 Cucumber Culture for Amateurs. A practical guide to their culture in houses, frames and pots. With chapters on Vegetable Marrows, Melons and other Gourds, and upon theii Diseases ami Insect Pests. By W. J. MAY. Illustrated. Second edition, revised ; in paper, price If-, by post 1/2 Cyclists' Route Map of England and Wales. See under "Moto; and Cyclists' Route Map. A A Books are Net. Bazaar Buildings, Drury Lane, London. Dainties, English and Foreign. How to prepare a number of dainty and inexpensive Disbes for Breakfasts, Luncheons, Tt-as and Dinners. By MRS. H. C. DAVIDSON (Author of " Kgg Dainties," &c.), Second edition ; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Dairy Farming, Modern, A practical handuook on the Points and Treatment of the Milch Cow; the profitable utilization of Milk, irt-luding the making of Butter and Chases ; and the General Management of the Dairy Farm. By U. L. PUXLEY. With 8 full- page Plates, and other illustrations. In waterproof rexine, gilt, price 3/6, by post 3/10. Designing, Harmonic and Keyboard. ICxplaining a System whereby an endless Variety of most beautiful Designs suited to numberless Manufactures may be obtained by unskilled persons from any printed Mu^ic. Illustrated by numerous explanatory Diagrams and illustrative Examples. By C. 11. WILKINSON. Demy Mo, in cloth gilt, price 10/-, by post 10/6. Dlabolo, The Came and its "Tricks." komding instructions on Sleights HS practised on the Continent, and on Tennis Court PI vy. By DAVID P. WARD. Well illustrated. In paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Dogs. Breaking and Training. The well-known work on the proper Education of Dogs, both for the Field and as Companions. A complete book, invaluable to all who keep Dogs for Sport, on Farms or at Home. By "PATHFINDER" and IIur.il DALZIKL (Author of " British Dogs," "I>ise;)s»s of Docs," Ac.), revised by J. MAXTEK (Author of "The Grey- hound," " British Terriers," Ac.). Well illustrated. Third edition, enlarged; in waterproof rexine, gilt, price 6/6, by post 6/10. Dogs, British. Full details of all Dogs ordinarily kept in this country, their Points, Special Training and Management, and Show Preparation. By W. D. DRUUY. with tho collaboration of eminent Specialists in the different Breeds. Beautifully illus- trated throughout. "Practical Kennel Management" (q v.) forms an invaluable companion volume to this excellent work. Third edition; demy Qvo, bevelled board*, in cloth gilt, vri.ce 12/6, by pott 13/- ; Also in half -leather, gilt, price 18/-, by post 18/6. Dogs, Diseases of. A very practical handbook which every Doc owner phould have at band. Describe* cletrly their Causes, Symptoms and Treatment; how to administer medicines; Treatment in cases of Poisoning, Ac. By HUGH DALZIF.L; brought up-to-date by ALEX. C. PIKSSI:, M.R.C.V.S. Illustrated. Fourth edition ; in pajyer, price I/-, by post 1/2 ; Also in waterproof rexine, gilt, price 2/-, by post 2/3. Dogs, First Aid to, and Kennel Emergencies. The treatment in cases of Poison, Diseases and Accidents; with valuable chapters on the Mother and Poppies, Ac. By W. GORDON STAHLKS. K.N., M.D., Ac. In cloth, price 1/6, by post 1/9. Dog-Keeping, Popular. A practical and handy guide to the eeneral Management nnd Training of all kinds of Dogs for Companions and Pets ; including the Choice of a Breed, Housing, Fivding, Teaching TricK.,, and Treatment of Disease* and Parasites. By J. MAXTKK (Author of " British Terriers," Editor of new editions of " British Dogs," "The Greyhound," Ac.). Well illustrated. Third edition; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Dragonflies, British: An exhaustive treatise on our native Odonata. A beautiful book on tho Life- History, Specie-* and Varieties, Capture and Preservation, of our P.ritisti Dragon- flies. Splendidly illustrated with 27 exquisite y printed Plites in Colour, and other engravings in « <9 text. By W. J. MTAS, H.A., F.K.s. Full demjiB<-o, in cloth gilt, pricf 10/6, &y post 10/11. Egg and Pouur^ Raising. See "Poultry and Egg liaising." Egg Dainties. How to cook Kg^s in One Hundred and Kifty Different, ways, English and Foreicm, <* > give tasty and attractive Dishes. By MRS. H. C. DAVI'DSON (Author of "Cold leat Cookery," Ac.). tid edition ; in paper, price I/-, by po, 1 1/2 AH Books are Net. 8 Published by L. UPCOTT GILL, Eggs Certificates, Fertility of. These are Forms of Guarantee given by the Sellers to the Buyers of E,u Hatching, undertaking to refund the value of any unfertile Eggs, or to replace them with good ones. Very valuable to sellers of Eggs, as they induce purcli. In books with counterfoils, 6cZ. , by post Id. " Engravings and their Yalue. A valuable work for the Collector. Describing the different types of Engravings and their production, with a dictionary of the greatest Engravers and their nioro important works, with prices obtained at auction. Illustrated with facsimile reproductions of Engravers' Marks, and with Plates. By J. H. SLATER. In one volume. yew (pwirfa) gdition, entirely revised ; Demy 8vo, in cloth gilt, price, 18/-, by post, 18/6. Engravings. See also " Print Restoration and Picture Cleaning." Epitaphia. A collection of 1300 Epitaphs, grave and gay, historical and curious ; with Bio- graphical notes, Anecdotes and Church Folk-lore. A most interesting volume— the largest on the subject ever written. By E. R. SUPPLING. Demy 3vo, in cloth gilt, price 7/6, by post 7/10 Ferns, Choice, for Amateurs. Their culture and management in the open and under glass. Dealing with the characteristics, propagation, culture and enemies of Ferns in general ; and describing, with cultural no^es, over 500 species and varieties. By GEORGE SCHNEIDER, F.R U.S. Well illustrated. /n Cj0^ ^it. price 3/6, by post 3/10. Ferns, The, Book of Choice. For the Garden, Conservatory and Stove. The Standard Work, describing the best and most striking Ferns and Selaginellse, and giving explicit directions for their Cultivation, the formation of Rockeries and Ferneries, &c. By GEORGE SCHNEIDER, F.R.H.S. With 87 coloured and other Plates, and nearly 400 other illustrations. Large post 4£o, in cloth gilt, inZ volumes, price £3 3, carriage paid £346*. Ferrets and Ferreting. Containing practical directions for the Breeding, Managing, Training and Working of Ferrets. By W. CARNEGIE (Author of " Practical Trapping," " Pract- ical Ga,me Preserving," &c.), and other Authorities. Illustrated. Fourth edition, revised and enlarged ; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Forge "Work, Simple. A practical handbook in the Blacksmith's Art, for Amateurs and others; showing what it is easily possible for an Amateur with average facilities to do, and how to do it without noise or inconvenience to others. By H. J. S. CASSAL (Author of *' Chucks and Chucking," " Glues and Cements," &c.). Illustrated. In paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Fortune Telling by Cards. A very popular book, describing and illustrating the various methods by which the would-be Occult tells Fortunes by Cards. By J. B. PRANGLEY. Illustrated. In paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Fox Terrier, The and all about it. The History, Varieties, Breeding, Rearing and Management of this, the most popular of all dogs, and its Prep*ration for Exhibition. By HUGH DALZIEL (Author of "British Dogs," it-«, ivc. ; their protection against Vermin and Poachers; and other matters of real importance to the Game-Preserver; By WILLIAM CARNEGIE. Illustrated with excellent full-page Plates. Third edition, revised and enlarged ; in waterproof rtxine, (jilt, price 7/6, by post 7/11. Gardening, The Dictionary of. i <-:ti encyclopaedia of Horticulture for Amateurs and Professionals. The authoritative work, describing more than 3850 genera and 20,400 species of plants, their Cultivation, Propagation, Diseases, Insects, &c., Ac. Edited by G. NICHOL- SON. Curator of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, assisted by Pnor. TRAIL, REV, P. W. MYI.K.S, W. WATSON, and many other Specialists. With 3150 illustrations. Large pout 4 my 8»o., in cloth gilt, price 6/-, by post 6/5. Glass, Early English. Of the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. A practical handbook for the Collector, spirii I idly illustrated, and with a valuable list of auctiou prices for typical pieces. By DAISY WILMKR. Second edition ; full crown 800., in cloth gilt, gilt top, price 6/6, by post 6/9. Glues and Cements: B for Adhesive*, Cements and Fillings suitable for everyday Workshop Op- erat inn-vim! their proper I'se. An invaluable handbook which should bein every Workshop. By iJ. J. S. CASSAL (author of " Workshop Makeshifts," &c., Ac.") Illust rated. /„ pap&ft ^^ 1/.> by post 1/2- Goat, The Book of the. The recognised standard book on the subject, by H. S. HOLMES PEGLER, H< n • y of the British Goat Society. A complete work containing full particulars of the various Breeds of Goats and tlu-ir Profitable Mannireinent. Well illu Fourth edition, completely revised ; in cloth, gilt, price G/-, by pott 6/4. Goat-Keeping for Amateurs. Describing ihe Selection, Breeding, and Practical Management of Goats for Milk. ing purposes ; with a chapter on the Prevention and Treatment of some Diseases By H. s. HOLMES PEGLER (Hon. Sec. B.G.S., Author of "The Book of the Goat.") Illust rated. yfw (secon(j) edition ; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Golf Swing, The Simplicity of the. Explaining that important point— the secret of free and comfortable action, with ions for putting the idea into practice. A handy little book, the vi-htsizi for the pocket. By «• A. P. Layer." 3<>o, in cloth, rounded corners, price I/-, by post 1/2. Grape Growing for Amateurs. A thoroughly prar-tuvil book on suect ssfnl Vine Culture; with list** :etie.«t, de« tails of management, and treatment for pests and dis. . -^01.1 V.M.I!. Illustrated. /n paper* }y post l/Z All Books are Net. 10 Published by L. UPCOTT GlLL, Greenhouse Management for Amateurs. A full and practical guide giving; just the information desired on Greenhouses and Frames, the best Plants, with geneiul and special cultural directions, and all other necessary information. By W. J. MAY. With 150 illustrations in the text or as plates. Fifth edition ; revised, large post Bvo, in cloth gilt, price 5/-, by post 5/4. Greyhound, The. Its History, Points, Breeding, Rearing, Training and Running, with a chapter on Common Diseases and Parasites. By HUGH DALZIEL ; revised throughout by J. MAXTEE (author of "British Terriers," &c.), with the assistance of T. BEAUMONT BIXON, the well known Trainer and Runner. Illustrated. Second edition ; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Guinea Pig, The. The History, Varieties, Breeding, and Diseases of the Domestic Cavy, and its management for Food, Fur or Fancy. By C. CUMBERLAND, F.Z.B. Illustrated. In paper, price I/-, by post 1/2 ; Also in cloth gilt, ivi,th coloured frontispiece, price 2/6, by post 2/9. Handwriting, Character Indicated by, A practical treatise, showing how Personality is reflected in, and may be " read" from, the characteristics of Handwriting; with illustrations taken from autograph letters of Statesmen, Lawyers, Soldiers, Ecclesiastics, Authors, Musicians, Actors, and other persons. By ROSA BAUGHAN. Second edition, revised ; in doth gilt, price 2/6, by post 2/S. Hawk Moths, The Book of British. Collecting, Breeding, and preparing for the Cabinet specimens of the Sphinijidce — the most noble and interesting of all our Moths. With detailed descriptions of all the species. Copiously illustrated from the Author's own exquisite drawings from Nature. By W. J. LUCAS, B.A. (Author of "Book of British Butterflies." " British Dragonflies," &c.). jn eioth gilt, price 3/6, by post 3/9. Heraldry for Amateurs. A practical guide for Beginners, and a handy reference book for others. With a " Dictionary of Terms," and concise directions for the tracing of Pedigrees. Hy J. S. MILBOURNE. Profusely illustrated. jn cloth gilt, price 3/6, by post 3/9. Horse Buying and Management. A practical handbook for the guidance of Amateurs in Buying a Horse — describing what to look for and what to avoid— with instructions as to Feeding and Groom- ing a Horse, and its management generally. By HENRY E. FAWCUS. Illustrated. In paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Horse-Keeper, The Practical. A complete guide to all who have to do with Horses, whether as Owners, Pur- chasers, Breeders, Trainers, Managers, or Attendants. By GEORGE FLEMING, C.B., LL.D., F.R.C.V.S., late Principal Veterinary Surgeon of the British Army.and ex-President of the R. C. V.S. Illustrated with Full-page Plates. In waterproof rexine gilt, price 3/6, by post 3/10. Horse- Keeping for Amateurs. A practical manual on the Management of Horses, for the guidance of those who keep one or two for their personal use. Written from twenty years practical — not merely theoretical— experience, by Fox RUSSELL. In paper, price I/-, by post 1/2 ; Also in cloth gilt, price 2/-, by post 2/3. Horses, The Diseases of, And their Treatment; with a Dictionary of Equine "Materia Medici." Aiv invaluable book to have at hand ; for the use of Amateurs. By HUGH DALZIEL, revised by ALEX. C. PIESSE, M.R.C. V.S. Second edition, revised throughout ; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2 ; Also in waterproof rexine, gilt, price 2/-, by post 2/3. Incubators and Their Management. A very practical book, giving just that information which I* required by an Amateur running or proposing to run an Incubator. By J. H. SUTCLIFFK (Author of " Profitable Poultry Farming," Ac.). Thoroughly illustrated. Sixth edition, revised and enlarged ; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2, All Books arc Net. Bazaar Buildings, Drury Lane, London. 11 Intensive Culture of Fruit and Vegetables on ;hr> French System. A comprehensive guide to the intensive cultivation of Vegetables, Saladinxs and Fruit as carried on by the Maraichers of France and by which a press return of £700 per acre has been made. Illustrated. By the recognised authority, Mons. P. AQUATIAS (French Gardener to A. .1. MOLTNKUX.) Demy Boo, in waterproof rexine, gilt, price 3/6, by pott 3/10. Jlu-Jitsu And other Methods of Self-Defence. An admirably clear exposition of the most effective methods of defence against bodily assault comprised in the Japanese art of Jiu-Jitsu. With a section specially adapted for Ladies. P-y PKKCY LONO- HURST (Author of " Wrestling.") Profusely illustrated from photograph*. In japer, price I/-, by pott 1/2, Journalism, Practical. How to enter tliereon and succeed. With details of Literary Remuneration, TTints on Proof Correction, . DRURY With a chapter on Diseases and their Treatment by A. C. PIKSSF., M.ll.C.V.S. Splendidly illustrated. A companion volume to ** British Dogs," (q.v.< Demy Qvo, bevelled boards, in cloth gilt, price 10/6, by post ll/-. JLace, A History of Hand-Made. The origin, manufacture and car* nf Lace, the Growth of the great Lace Centres, and the methods of Distinguishing the various kinds. By MRS. F. NEVILL JACKSON. Exquisitely illustrated with 19 Plates and over 200 Engravings of Laces and their application to Dress. Crown 4*o, in cloth gilt, price 18/-, &?/ post 18/6. Edition de Luxe, on large paper, containing 12 specimens of Real Lace— a splendid volume. In full leather, gilt, price £4 4 0, by post £4 5 0. Lawn Tennis, Lessons in. A new method of study and practice for acquiring a good and sound stvle of play. A bookifor the Average Player, and, above all, for beginners. By EUSTACK H. MILES, M. A. Illustrated. Third edition, revised ; in paper, price I/-, by pout 1/2. Lawn Tennis, Secrets of. A useful guide to the Play of Lawn Tennis, with pppcial chanters on Diet and Training, and general Tennis Topics. By the well-known player, F. W. PATH (Author of "Tennis Topics and Tactics," &c.). In cloth gilt, price 2/6, 6y post 2/10. Lawn Tennis Topics and Tactics. • •senting the (ileaning.s of Twelve -n-asons and of a Hundred and Twenty Touinauaents concerning the Science of I,awn Tennis. By F. \\ . PAYN. B.A., LL.M. With 57 full-page Plates of Tennij Positions from photograph* specially taken for this work. /u cioth, gutt price &/., Laying Hens, How to Keep. And to rear Chickens, in large or Mmll numbers, in absolute confinement, with perfect success. By MAJOR O. F. MORANT. A cleir exposition 'of a practical scheme of management. jn paper, price 6d., by post Id. Lizards, British. A splendid book on the Structure, Varieties, and Life history of all Lizards found in tho British Isles, and their Locnl Distribution. Very well illustrated with 28 full-page Plates from photographs by Dol'iii AS KNOLISII and others. By GKU.M.U B. LEIGHTUN, M.I)., F.1LS.E. (Author ol "British Serpents," tratir.Tis. Large post Quo, in cloth, price 4/fi, by pott 4/9. AH Books are Net. 12 Published by L. UPCOTT GILL, Marqueterle Staining. Including Vernis Martin, Certosina, Oil and Water Gilding, Polishing and Var nishing ; descriptions of all Tbols required and their use. By L. V. FITZGERALI Illustrated with coloured plates, besides numerous engravings of Designs, &c. i the text. Second edition, enlarged; demy 8vo, in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2 Marqueterie Wood-Staining for Amateurs. A practical guide to the very pretty art of Wood-staining in Imitation of Inla\ A handy book, clearly written. By ELIZA TUttCK. Profusely illustrated. In paper, price I/-, by £E, M.A., M.D., F.Z.S., &c. (Author of " Favourite Foreign Birds." "Diseases of Cage Birds," &c.). With 8 full-page Plates and other illustrations. in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2 Parrot, The Grey, .Ami how to Manage it. Describing it; Life in the Wild state, and its Cages, and Di.seas.-s in Captivity. By W. T. GREENE, M.A., F. &:•>., &c. (Author of " Favourite Foreign Birds," " Popular Parrakeets," Ac.). Second edition ; in paper, price I/-, by pott 1/2. Patience, Games of. A justly popular book, with illustrated descriptions of 173 different games for one or more players. By M. WiriTMOUE JONES. Series L, 39 games; Series II, 34 gamed ; Series III., 33 games ; Series IV., 37 games ; Series V., 30 games. Each, in paper, price I/-, by pott 1/2. The Jive bound tofffther in one volume, in cloth ijilt, price 6/-, by post 6/4. In full leather, solid gilt edges, price 10/6, by post 10/11. Patience, New Games of. Describing and illustrating with great clearness Forty-five of the best and newest (Janu-s not included in the above work. By M. WHITMORE JONES (Author of ' (James of Patience.") puu demy Qvo, in cloth gilt, pnce 3/6, by pott 3/9. Pedigree Fecord, The. Part I. of "The Breeders' and Exhibitors' Record," by W. K. TAUNTON, for the registration of particulars concerning p-digree stock of every description. Demy Quo, in cloth gilt, price 1/6, by post 1/9. Perennials, Hardy, and Old-Fashioned Garden Flowers. Describing, with full practical cultural directions, over 270 desirable plants for Borders, Rockeries and Shrubberies— both for Foliage and Flo wer*— and including all the favourite old-world perennials. By J. WOOD. Profusely illustrated. In cloth gilt, pric* 3/6, by post 3/10. Philatelic Terms, A Dictionary of, .': Reference Book, giving the Values of Foreign Currencies, Meanings of Surcharge.*. Variations of Paper, Methods of Printing, and other matters o/ practical Value and Interest to Philatelists. Profusely illustrated. *ncap Qvo, in cloth gilt, price 1/5, by post 1,9. Photo Printing: Describing fully most of the Papers and processes nowinuse ; theleadinj? rarieties of P.O.P. (Oelfttino-Chlorid*, Collouio-Chloride, Albmnenisrd, Self-toning Papers, Arc.), Bromide, Carbon, Plat-inotype and Gas-light Papers. Being a revised edition of "Popular Photographic Printing Processes." By HKCTOK MACI.KAN, F.U.P.S. Illustrated. Second edition; in paper, price l/-,by post 1/2, All Books are Net. 14 Published by L. UPCOTT GILL, Photography, Modern, for Amateurs. A complete and practical little volume of the greatest use to all Photographer] «xcept those advanced in the Art. By J. EATON FEARN, completely revised ;u brought up to date bv C. "VViLBORNE PIPER. Sixth edition, revised and enlarged ; in paper, price I/'-, by post 1/il Pianos, Tuning and Repairing. The Amateur's Guide to the Selection and practical Management of a Cottager" Grand Piano without the intervention of a Professional. A simply-written ' most useful manual. By CHARLES BABBINGTON. Third edition, revised and enlarged in paper, price I/-, by post l/!i. Picture-Frame Making. A practical handbook on making all kinds of Frames, of Bamboo, Plain, Fretwork I** or Carved Wood, Leather, Ac., suitable for Paintings, Drawings, Photographs, oil4. Engravings. By JAMES LUKIN, B.A. Well illustrated. In paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. | Pig, The Book of The. A complete and authoritative work on the Varieties, Selection, Breeding, Feeding j and Management of the Pig ; the treatment of its Diseases ; Slaughtering, and the production of Hams, Bacon, and other Fork Foods, Ac., Ac. With numerous illus-l trations of Typical animals, Model Piggeries and Appliances. By PROFESSOR JAMES LONG. Second edition, revised throughout ; large post Bvo, in waterproof rexinf, gilt, price 6/6, by post 6/10. Pig Breeding and Feeding, Profitable. A really practical and clearly written book, on ttie turning of Pigs — whether one keeps many or few— to profitable account. By THOMAS ALLEN (author of " Small Farming that Pays," Ac.); with a chapter on Diseases by HAROLD LEENEY, M.R.C. V.S. Well illustrated. jn cioth yiit> price 3/6, by post 3/10. Pig-Keeping, Practical. A manual for Amateurs, based on personal experience, in Breeding, Feeding and Fattening ; also in Buying and Selling Pigs at Market Prices. By R. D. GARRATT. New (Third) edition, revised ; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Pigeon-Keeping for Amateurs. Detailed descriptions of practically all varieties of Pigeons, both European and Asiatic, their Breeding and Management. By JAMES C. LYELL (author of " Fancy Pigeons "). Well illustrated. In paper, price I/-, by post 1/2; In cloth gilt, price 2/-, by post 2/3. Poker Work. Including Coloured Poker Work and Relief Burning. A practical and complete guide to the process ; with very numerous illustrations of Tools, Designs, articles suitable for ornamentation, Ac., some in colour. Fifth edition, revised and enlarged ; demy Qvo, in paper, price I/-, by pott 1/2. Polishes and Stains for Woods. A complete guide to all methods of Polishing Woodwork, with directions for Staining, and full information for making the Stains, Polishes, Ac., in the most satisfactory way. By DAVID DENNING. in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Pool, Games of. A handy book for Billiard Players, describing fifteen of the beat English and American Pool Games, and giving the Rules in full. By C. COMPTON MOORE. Illustrated. jn paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Postage Stamps and their Collection. A practical guide for all Collectors, on Stamps specially worth looking for, with chapters on Postal-Fiscals, Reprints and Forgeries, Postmarks, Surcharges, Ac. By OLIVER FIRTH, Member of the Philatelic Societies of Bradford, Leeds, and London. With 400 illustrations. /n doth gilt, price 2/6, by post 2/10. Postage Stamp Perforation Gauge, The Benham. Every Stamp Collector should have one. Give* Perforations from 7J to 16 inclusive, with a 4cm. scale accurately marked in Millimetres. Made in polished Brass ; tirm to handle and a convenient size for the waistcoat pocket. Price I/, by post 1/1. All Books arc Net. Bazaar Buildings, Drury Lane, London. 15 postmarks of the British Isles, The History of the Early. a their introduction down to 1840; with tables showing the various rates of ' Sostage from 1660 onwards. Containing 579 facsimile illustrations. Compiled hiefly from official records, by JOHN G. liENUY, late Curator of the Record >m, General Post Office. In cioth gUt> price 3/6t ^ post 3/s>> [Pottery and Porcelain, English. 14. very full and practical guide for the Collector, giving the characteristics of the [chief wares, factory marks, and some present-day value for typical pieces. Hand- lely illustrated. By (he REV. E. A DOW.NMAN, rev-wed hy AUBREY Gu.NN. Fifih edition, enlarged ; in doth gilt, price 6/6, by post 6/10. Poultry and Egg Farming at Home. A practical work, describing the most suitable £ reed a and their Management, and showing how Eggs and Poultry n:ay be produced for Home Consumption with very liule expenditure of time or money. By W. M. EI.KINUTON (Author of "Poultry for Prizes and ProHt," Third ^litiun ; Editor of "The Small-Holder's Handbook," &c.). Illustrated. In paper, price I/-, by pott 1/2. Poultry-Farming, Profitable. Describing the Breeds, and Methods of Management that give the best results, and pointing out the mistakes to be avoided. With chapters on Profit and Loss. Marketing, &c. By J. H. BOTCLIFFI (Author of "Incubators and their Manage- ment," Ac,). in paper, price I/-, by pott 1/2. Poultry for Prizes and Profit. A completely up-to date and practical guide to the Breeding and Management of Poultry for Exhibition or Tiility. Hy PROF. JAMES LONU; revised throughout by W. M. ELKINGTOX Magnificently illustrated. Third edition ; in cloth gilt, price 6/-, by post 6/4. ALSO IN Two DIVISIONS : Poultry for Prizes. A standard work on tha Points, Breeding and Management of Exhibition Stock. With excellent illustrations, including reproductions from actual Feathers of Exhibition Birds, showing Markings most to be desired for Prize Specimens. Third edition ; in cloth gilt, price 3/-, by post 3/3. Poultry for Profit. The Incubation, Rearing and Management of the Utility Breeds of Poultry, with chapters on Marketing; the Treatment for Diseases and Parasites, &c. cellently illustrated. Third edition ; in cloth gilt, price 3/-, by post 3/3. poultry Incubators. See under 'Incubators.' Poultry Keeping, Popular. A practical and complete guide to Breeding and Keeping Poultry for Eggs or for the Table; with a Chapter on the Diseases of Poultry. Ry F. A. MACKENZIE, revised, with additional matter and illustrations, by W. M. ELKINGION (Author of "Poultry for Prizes and Profit," &c.\ Well illustrated. Fourth edition, enlarged ; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Press Work for Women. A practical guide to the Beginner : What to Write, how to Write it, and where to Send it; with chapters ou Proof Correcting, Remuneration, <£c. By FRANCES II. Low. In paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Print Restoration and Picture Cleaning. v valuable and practical work, wit h. chapters on Defective Prints — removing Varnish and Marks, rfpairiui: holes, 0:0.— Fakes, Reprints, and R-eproducti r-colour Drawings ; and Oil-Paintings. r,\ M.v L-RICK JAMES GUNN. With 18 full page plates. Full d«my QKO, in cloth gUt, price 6/6, by post 6AO. Rabbits, The Management of: . ining full directions for the proper Management of Fancy Rabbits in Health and Disoa.se, for Pet* or for the Market. r,y CIIAS. li wso\, rt-visi-d by MEREDITH •i) (Late Tice-Pretldent, United Kingdom Rabl.it Club, Ac). Well illus- trated. Third edition, ret irged; i n popjr, price I/-, by post l/2» All Books are Net. 16 Published by L. UPCOTT Sapousse Y/ork for Amateurs. The Tools required; their Working; Designing, Finishing and Mountin" article made or ornamented with Chasing and Repousse. A useful manual 011 thii popular art of beating and engraving decorative designs on thin rneta.1 L. L. HASLOPE. Fully Illustrated. Jn paperj price 1/_> by post Roses for Amateurs. A thoroughly practical guide to the selection and cultivation of the best Roses for garden decoration and exhibition. By the REV. J. HONYWOOD D'OMURAIN (late Hon. t*ec. Nat,. Rose NOC.), revised and enlarged, with a chapter injurious Insects and Fungi, by W. D. DKUB.Y, F.H.H.S., F.E.S. Fully illu.-,tr;-. Third edition; in paper, prioe I/-, by po,^ Rubber. Para Rubber in the Malay Peninsula. Practical information regarding the cultivation of Para Rubber (Ilc Urasiliensis), with estimates of annual expenditure and returns. By W. F. 0 ASIMOKT. Jn cloth gilt, price 2/6, by post Sailing Tours. The Yachting Man's guide to the cruising waters of the English and adjacent Coasts ; describing every Creek, Harbour, and Roadstead on the course. Shouk be in every Yachtsman's and Cruiser's Library. By FRANK COWPER, M.A {Author of "Yachting and Cruising for Amateurs"). With coloured chart* showing Deep Water, Shoals, and Sands exposed at Low water, with soundings Vol. I. The ISast Coast: The coasts of Essex and Suffolk, from the Thames to Aldborough, Six Charts. In waterproof rexine, gilt, price 5/-, by 2™st 5/3. Vol. II. The South Coast: From the Nore to the Scilly Isles. Twenty- five Charts. Third edition, completely revised ; in -waterproof rexine, gilt, price 7/6, by post 7/10. Vol. III. The West Coast of France: The coast of Brittany, from L'Abervrach to St. Nazaire and the Loire. Twelve Charts. In doth gilt, price 7/6, by post 7/10. Vol. IV. The West Coast, and the East Coast of Ireland: The Irish Sea and adjacent waters from Land's End to Mull of Galloway. Thirty Charts. in doth gilt, price 10/6, by post 10/10. (Owing to the small number of copies now on hand, this volume can only be supplied in orders for complete sets.] Vol. V. The Coasts of Scotland and N. E. England down to Aldborongh. Forty Charts. In doth gilt, price 10/6, by pout 10/10. Sailing. See also under 'Yachting.' Schools and Training Colleges in Germany. A valuable work for Students of Education and Educational Methods. By JESSIE S. GILL, M.A., Dublin (Frances Mary Bass Memorial Scholar, 1399). Demy 8i;o, cloth gilt, price 3/6, by post 3/9. Sea-Fishing for Amateurs. A practical book on Fishing from Shore, Rocks or Piers ; with a Directory of Fishing Stations on the English and Welsh Coasts. Illustrated by numerous Charts showing th*' best spots of the Various Kinds of Fish, position of Rocks, &c. By FRANK HUDSON. Second edition, revised & enlarged ; mpapert price I/-, by post 1/2. Sea Fishing, Practical. A copiously illustrated and comprehensive guide to all that is worth knowing concerning the best Tackle, the Varieties, of Fish, and the most successful methods of Sea Angling on our Coasts. With 11 page Plates and numerous Engravings in the Text. By P. L, HASLOPE. jn cloth gilt, price 3,6, by post 3/9. Sea-Life, Realities of. Describing, from the experiences of a long actual Voyage "before the mast," th« Duties, Prospects and Pleasures of a young Sailor in the Mercantile Marine. By n. E. ACKAMAN COATE. With a preface by J. R. DIGGI,E, M.A. In cloth gilt, price 3/6, by 4>ost 3/9. All Books are Net. Bazaar Buildings, Drury Lane, London 17 easide Watering Places. useful guide to the Holiday Uesorts on the South and West Coasts <»f England d Wales, the Channel and Scilly Islands, and the I»le of Man, giving full par- ulars of thum and their attractions. Profusely illustrated. In two parts : THE SOUTH Co VST. 86 Places to choose from between Hastings and Pen- zance, including the Chtnnel and Scilly Islands. THE WEST COAST. 129 Places to choose from between St. Ives and Skin- burneas (Cumberland). Each, in paper, prie-e 1;-, by post 1/2. tea Terms, A Dictionary of. k.n invaluable Reference Hook, which should be in the library of all Yachtsmen, Lmateui- Hoatmen, and others interested in Ships or in the Sea. By A. ANSTKD. '•cry fully illustrated. /„ doth gutt price 5/-, by post 5/4. icet Metal, Working in. usaful little book on the making and mending of small articles in Tin, Copper. !-i-oii, Zinc and Brass. By the KKV. J. LuKiN, B.A. Illustrated. Third edition ; 171 paper, price I/-, by post 1/1. •how Record, The. rt III.— of "The Breeders' and Exhibitors' Record," By W. K. TAUNTON, for Uie registration of particulars concerning pedigree stock of every description. Utuiy 8t)o, in cloth gilt, price 1/6, by pout 1,9. ikating Card Booklet. Lii easy method of learning Figure Skating, as the Booklet can be used on the ice 5y W. CKOSLEV. Illustrated throughout. Of a convenient size for carrying in iho »*«'l- In paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. imall-Holder's Handbook, The. • but complete and clear work on the management of Farm and Garden Crops, Dairy Cattle, Sheep, Pigs, Poultry, Bees, &c., for profit. By \V. M. ELKING- )N, assisted by SPECIALISTS. Fully illustrated. Larje post Quo, in cloth gilt, price 3/6, by post 3/9. iolo Whist. I A complete guide to the principles and play of the game, its whys and wherefores. [Clearly taught by reatum instead of by rule, on the same popular lines as ["Bridge" nnd "Scientific Whist," and by the same Author, C. J. MELKOSK. With illustrative hands in colour. in cluth gilt, price 3/6, by post 3/10. Sporting Books, Illustrated and their values. A descriptive survey of English illustrated works of a Sporting | character ; with an Appe»d>x on Prints relating to Sports. By J. HKKBEUT .SLATER (Author of " Engravings and their Value," «tc. ) Many a valuable- old book or print has been thrown away for want of juat such information as this work gives. JA cloth gilt, price 5,-, by post 5/4. Swimming for Women and Girls. An instructive, easily understood and practical manual ; with special chapters on •id Training by a Lady Champion. Swimmer. Splendidly illustrated from photographs By OLI'.N HAMILTON. jn paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. Taxidermy, Practical. A complete guide to the Amateur in Collecting, Modelling, Preserving and ^ettiiig-ui) llirds. Mammals, Fish, Kept lies and Insects. By MONTAGU Buow.M:, Late Curator of Leicester Museum. Illustrated throughout. ••/ I'llitum, eularyed ; in cloth % &c not requiring a knowledge of "Sleithts" and <>1 -borate apparatus; with simpl but very good Amateur "Stage" Tricks. By MORLEY ADAMS. Illustrated. In paper, price I/-, by post I/ Tuning and Repairing Pianos. See undei -"Pianos." Vamp, How to. A practical guide to extemporising an accompaniment to any Song; for the un- skilled Musician. With examples. By J. F. KOWBOTHAM. In paper, price 3d. , by post lOc Ventriloquism, Practical. A thoroughly reliable guide to acquiring the Art of Voice Throwing ; with direc ions for Vocal Mimicry," Vocal Instrumentation, Ventriloqual Figures, Entertaining &c. By ROBERT GANTHOISY. Numerous illustrations. 1 n paper, price I/-, by post 1/2 Violin School, The Practical, for Home Students. Instructions and Exercises in Violin Playing, for the use o Amateurs, Self-Learners, Teachers and others. With a Supplement on "Eas Legato Studies for the Violin," By J. M. FLEMING. Demy Mo, in cloth gilt, price 9/6, by post 10/2. Violins, 'Cellos, &c., Adjusting and Repairing. A very practical and clearly-written handbook, which should be in the Hands of all Players, describing the Restoring of all imperfect or damaged Instruments. By ARTHUR BROADLEY. Illustrated. jn paper, price I/-, by post 1/2 Vivarium, Tha. Its Construction, Arrangement and Management. The varieties of Tortoises, Lizards, Snakes, Frogs, Newts, &c., most suitable as pets, and how to keep them satisfactorily in confinement. By the REV. G. C. BATEMA.N (Author of "Fresh- water Aquaria "). Beautifully illustrated. jn cloth gilt, price 7/5, by post 7/10^ "War Medals and Decorations Issued to the British Naval and Military Forces from 1588 to 1P10. The standard work. A guide for Collectors. By D. HASTINGS IRWJN. With 18 plates giving 60 facsimile illustrations of Medals, Bars and Crosses, besides engravings in the text. Fourth edition, corrected and enlarged; in cloth gilt, price 15/-, by post 15/5. Welsh Mountaineering. See under 'Mountaineering.' "Whippet or Race-dog, The. How to Breed, R«-ar and Train the Whippet for Races or for Exhibition ; the Management of Race Meetings, with original Plans of Courses. By FREEMAN LLOYU. Illustrated. 2n paper> price ^ by post 1/2. Whist, Solo. See under 'Solo Whist.' Whist, Scientific. A practical book, giving clearly the reasons why of the play, and thus proving of particular value to players. With illustrative hands in colours. By C. J. MELROSE, (Author of " Bridge," "Solo Whist," &c.). jn cioiji gnt> pri^ 3/5, ly poa 3/10. All Books are Net. Bazaar Building », Drury Lane, London. 19 | 'ildfowlintf, Practical. &tfj complete guide to the Art of the Fowler— the Outfit and Accessories required, '• iMl information a* to Decoying, Sralking and Shooting, and with full descriptions 6,/i* the various birds usually met witn. By W. T. FALI.ON. Profusely illustrated. Second edition, revived and enlarged ; in waterproof rexine, gilt, price 6/-, by post 6/4. vJow Ticket Writing. Ifftixiug and using the various Inks, Colours, Varnishes, Ac., required; Stencilling '"Tnd i.itho Printing as applied to Ticket Writing; Cutting-out and Backing-up Fransparencies ; Writing on Glass ; Japanning on Tin, Ac. A book especially luwrittea for the use of Learners and Shop Assistants. By WM. C. SCOTT, lllu* .Vuo*ated. in paper t price I/-, by pott 1/2. Vood Carving for Amateurs. "The Tools and most suitable Woods for Carving, and how to produce all Varieties ff Carvings, including Chip Carving. A very practical book, fully illustrated "Jvith a large number of engravings of Tools, and Designs for Carving. Edited and .1 by DAVID DBNNINO. Second edition ; in paper, price I/-, by post 1/2. ; (Workshop Makeshifts. y practical hint* an«l suggestions to the Amateur for overcoming workshop lifficulties: Including the making of a Lathe, and Tools for Wood or Metal forking. By H. J. S. CASSAL (Author of "Olues and Cements," "Simple Forge IVork, "Ac.). Fully illustrated. ln doth. giu, price 2/6, by post 2/9 Wrestling. In the Catch-Hold and Grseco Roman Styles. A practical handbook on the Sport, with lucid desc- iptions and excellent illustrations. By PKRCY LONOHURsr Winner, Light-weight Competition G.G.S., 1899; Author of " Jiu-Jitsu ") In paper, price I/-, by pout 1/2. iVrestllng. See also "Jiu-Jitsu." Yachting and Cruising for Amateurs. 'lear and very practical directions upon all matters connected with Fore-and-aft ailing Boats; with detailed sugges ed Cruises round the British and adjacent >asts. A book for every Cruiser's library. By FRANK COWPER (Author of Sailing Tours," Ac,, Ac.). Profusely illustrated. Large post 8wo, in waterproof rexine, gilt, price SJ-, by post 5fl. Yachting. See also under " Boat Sailing " and " Sailing." All Books are Net. THE PAPER FOR PRIVATE PERSONS to SELL, BUY, or EXCHANGE any article of private property Quickly, Easily and Cheaply, is THE BAZAAR, EXCHANGE & MART (Established 44 years). Private Advts. Id. for 3 words, minimum 4d. Every issue contains a fund of useful and interesting information. Price 2d. at all Newsagents. Offices: Bazaar Buildings, Drury Lane, London. WHAT ARE YOUR HOBBIES? DO YOU KEEP DOGS, POULTRY, CANARIES, OR A PARROT? If so, would you like to know exactly the food and medicine they require to keep them in perfect health ? Yes ! Then write to Spratt's Patent Limited, 24/25, Fen- church St., London, E.G., for one of their handbooks on Dogs, Cage Birds or Parrots, prepared especially for your guidance. THEY'RE FREE. WRITE TO-NIGHT. Next time, ask your Tradesman for SPRATT'S DOG CAKES PUPPY BISCUITS BIRD SEEDS PARROT FOOD CHICKEN and POULTRY FOODS i fle sure you specify, » 'ft A, A "SPRATT'S" When purchasing for your Pet. SPRATT'S PATENT Ltd., 24/25 Fenchurch St., LONDON, E.C. PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY